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Carmo Bastos ML, Silva-Silva JV, Neves Cruz J, Palheta da Silva AR, Bentaberry-Rosa AA, da Costa Ramos G, de Sousa Siqueira JE, Coelho-Ferreira MR, Percário S, Santana Barbosa Marinho P, Marinho AMDR, de Oliveira Bahia M, Dolabela MF. Alkaloid from Geissospermum sericeum Benth. & Hook.f. ex Miers (Apocynaceae) Induce Apoptosis by Caspase Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050765. [PMID: 37242548 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is among the major causes of death from neoplasia leading causes of death worldwide, with high incidence rates and problems related to its treatment. Here, we outline how Geissospermum sericeum exerts antitumor activity on the ACP02 cell line (human gastric adenocarcinoma) and the mechanism of cell death. The ethanol extract and fractions, neutral fraction and alkaloid fraction, were characterized by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC-DAD, yielding an alkaloid (geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine) identified by NMR. The cytotoxicity activity of the samples (ethanol extract, neutral fraction, alkaloid fraction, and geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine) in HepG2 and VERO cells was determined by MTT. The ACP02 cell line was used to assess the anticancer potential. Cell death was quantified with the fluorescent dyes Hoechst 33342, propidium iodide, and fluorescein diacetate. The geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine was evaluated in silico against caspase 3 and 8. In the antitumor evaluation, there was observed a more significant inhibitory effect of the alkaloid fraction (IC50 18.29 µg/mL) and the geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine (IC50 12.06 µg/mL). However, geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine showed lower cytotoxicity in the VERO (CC50 476.0 µg/mL) and HepG2 (CC50 503.5 µg/mL) cell lines, with high selectivity against ACP02 cells (SI 39.47 and 41.75, respectively). The alkaloid fraction showed more significant apoptosis and necrosis in 24 h and 48 h, with increased necrosis in higher concentrations and increased exposure time. For the alkaloid, apoptosis and necrosis were concentration- and time-dependent, with a lower necrosis rate. Molecular modeling studies demonstrated that geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine could occupy the active site of caspases 3 and 8 energetically favorably. The results showed that fractionation contributed to the activity with pronounced selectivity for ACP02 cells, and geissoschizoline N4-methylchlor is a promising candidate for caspase inhibitors of apoptosis in gastric cancer. Thus, this study provides a scientific basis for the biological functions of Geissospermum sericeum, as well as demonstrates the potential of the geissoschizoline N4-methylchlorine in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Letícia Carmo Bastos
- Post-Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13563-120, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorddy Neves Cruz
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gisele da Costa Ramos
- Post-Graduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Márlia Regina Coelho-Ferreira
- Emílio Goeldi Paraense Museum, Coordination of Botany, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil
| | - Sandro Percário
- Post-Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo de Oliveira Bahia
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Fâni Dolabela
- Post-Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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Marlin A, Le Pape F, Le Goff J, Hamon N, Troadec T, Tripier R, Berthou C, Patinec V. New Triazacycloalkane Derivatives as Cytotoxic Agents for CLL Treatment: From Proof of Concept to the Targeting Biomolecule. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1377-1392. [PMID: 35709513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 1,4,7-tris-(2-pyridinylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane ligand (no3py) and its bifunctional analogue no3pyCOOK were synthesized to investigate their action toward zinc(II) depletion related to the apoptosis phenomenon in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. no3py was used as the "free" ligand, while its "graftable" derivative was conjugated on a newly synthesized bifunctional sialoglycan, 6'-SL-NH2, selected to specifically bind CD22 biomarker expressed on the B-CLL cell surface. Both compounds were produced with good yields thanks to a Sonogashira coupling reaction and an orthoester function, respectively, for the chelator and the targeting moiety. The newly reported bioconjugate 6'-SL-no3py was then obtained through a peptidic coupling reaction. Biological in vitro studies of no3py and 6'-SL-no3py consisting of real-time detection of cell health (cytotoxicity and proliferation) and caspases 3/7 activation (crucial enzymes whose activation triggers cell death signaling pathways) have been investigated. First, Ramos, Daudi, and Raji B-cell lines, which present different sensitivity to zinc(II) content variation, were incubated with no3py and 6'-SL-no3py. Then, a videomicroscope allowed the real-time monitoring of the morphological changes leading to cell death from the detection of the cytotoxicity, the antiproliferative effect, and the caspasic activity. In terms of mechanism, the Zn2+ chelator cytotoxic effect of no3py has been evidenced by a culture medium ion supplementation study and by the decrease of intracellular fluorescence of Zn-specific fluorophore zinquin in the presence of no3py and 6'-SL-no3py chelators. Finally, flow cytometry analysis with classical Annexin V staining was conducted to detect no3py- and 6'-SL-no3py-induced apoptotic cell death in B-CLL cells. Time-course analysis, using the Incucyte Live-Cell Analysis System, demonstrated that no3py induced cell death in a time- and dose-dependent manner with variability across cell lines. 6'-SL-no3py exhibited the same dose-dependent trend as no3py, showing the efficiency of the targeting moiety. In both cases, the chelators depicted proliferation curves that were inversely correlated with kinetic death. Morphological changes specific to apoptosis and caspase 3/7 activation were observed for the three cell lines treated with no3py and 6'-SL-no3py, highlighting their role as apoptotic agents. A higher concentration of 6'-SL-no3py is needed to reach 50% of the B-CLL mortality, confirming a targeting of the chelator to the cell membrane. Overall, our results proved that the biological properties of the triazamacrocyclic chelator still remain even after addition of the targeting moiety. The free chelator as well as the bioconjugate constitute promising cytotoxic agents for CLL therapy through apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axia Marlin
- Univ. Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Fiona Le Pape
- Univ. Brest, UMR-INSERM 1227 LBAI, 5 Avenue Foch, CHU Morvan, BP 824, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Jocelyn Le Goff
- Univ. Brest, UMR-INSERM 1227 LBAI, 5 Avenue Foch, CHU Morvan, BP 824, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Nadège Hamon
- Univ. Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Thibault Troadec
- Univ. Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Raphaël Tripier
- Univ. Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Christian Berthou
- Univ. Brest, UMR-INSERM 1227 LBAI, 5 Avenue Foch, CHU Morvan, BP 824, 29609 Brest, France
| | - Véronique Patinec
- Univ. Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
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Liu J, Yao S, Jia J, Chen Z, Yuan Y, He Y, Wasti B, Duan W, Li D, Wang G, Jia A, Sun W, Qiu S, Ma L, Li J, Liu Y, Zheng J, Xiang X, Zhang X, Liu S, He Z, Peng Z, Zhang H, Zhang D, Xiao B. Loss of MBD2 ameliorates LPS‐induced alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and ALI in mice via modulating intracellular zinc homeostasis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22162. [PMID: 35061304 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100924rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Shuo Yao
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Jingsi Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Binaya Wasti
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Wentao Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Danhong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Guyi Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Aijun Jia
- Department of the Third Emergency of Yuelushan Hospital District Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Changsha P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- Department of General Medicine West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Shuangfa Qiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Libing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University Guangxi P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Changsha P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Zhuzhou City Central Hospital Zhuzhou P.R. China
| | - Jianfei Zheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou P.R. China
| | - Shaokun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Zhibiao He
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Emergency and Difficult Diseases Institute of Central South University Changsha P.R. China
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Wang R, Wei Y, Wang M, Yan P, Jiang H, Du Z. Interaction of Natural Compounds in Licorice and Turmeric with HIV-NCp7 Zinc Finger Domain: Potential Relevance to the Mechanism of Antiviral Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123563. [PMID: 34200973 PMCID: PMC8230585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleocapsid proteins (NCp) are zinc finger (ZF) proteins, and they play a central role in HIV virus replication, mainly by interacting with nucleic acids. Therefore, they are potential targets for anti-HIV therapy. Natural products have been shown to be able to inhibit HIV, such as turmeric and licorice, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Liquiritin (LQ), isoliquiritin (ILQ), glycyrrhizic acid (GL), glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and curcumin (CUR), which were the major active components, were herein chosen to study their interactions with HIV-NCp7 C-terminal zinc finger, aiming to find the potential active compounds and reveal the mechanism involved. The stacking interaction between NCp7 tryptophan and natural compounds was evaluated by fluorescence. To elucidate the binding mode, mass spectrometry was used to characterize the reaction mixture between zinc finger proteins and active compounds. Subsequently, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and molecular docking were used to validate and reveal the binding mode from a structural perspective. The results showed that ILQ has the strongest binding ability among the tested compounds, followed by curcumin, and the interaction between ILQ and the NCp7 zinc finger peptide was mediated by a noncovalent interaction. This study provided a scientific basis for the antiviral activity of turmeric and licorice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjing Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
- Ningxia Pharmaceutical Inspection and Research Institute, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yinyu Wei
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
| | - Meiqin Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
| | - Pan Yan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.W.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (P.Y.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Procaspase-Activating Compound-1 Synergizes with TRAIL to Induce Apoptosis in Established Granulosa Cell Tumor Cell Line (KGN) and Explanted Patient Granulosa Cell Tumor Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094699. [PMID: 33946730 PMCID: PMC8124867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) constitute only ~5% of ovarian neoplasms yet have significant consequences, as up to 80% of women with recurrent GCT will die of the disease. This study investigated the effectiveness of procaspase-activating compound 1 (PAC-1), an activator of procaspase-3, in treating adult GCT (AGCT) in combination with selected apoptosis-inducing agents. Sensitivity of the AGCT cell line KGN to these drugs, alone or in combination with PAC-1, was tested using a viability assay. Our results show a wide range in cytotoxic activity among the agents tested. Synergy with PAC-1 was most pronounced, both empirically and by mathematical modelling, when combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). This combination showed rapid kinetics of apoptosis induction as determined by caspase-3 activity, and strongly synergistic killing of both KGN as well as patient samples of primary and recurrent AGCT. We have demonstrated that the novel combination of two pro-apoptotic agents, TRAIL and PAC-1, significantly amplified the induction of apoptosis in AGCT cells, warranting further investigation of this combination as a potential therapy for AGCT.
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Interactions of zinc- and redox-signaling pathways. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101916. [PMID: 33662875 PMCID: PMC7937829 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc and cellular oxidants such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) each participate in a multitude of physiological functions. There is considerable overlap between the affected events, including signal transduction. While there is no obvious direct connection between zinc and ROS, mainly because the bivalent cation zinc does not change its oxidation state in biological systems, these are linked by their interaction with sulfur, forming the remarkable triad of zinc, ROS, and protein thiols. First, zinc binds to reduced thiols and can be released upon oxidation. Thereby, redox signals are translated into changes in the free zinc concentration, which can act as zinc signals. Second, zinc affects oxidation of thiols in several ways, directly as well as indirectly. A protein incorporating many of these interactions is metallothionein (MT), which is rich in cysteine and capable of binding up to seven zinc ions in its fully reduced state. Zinc binding is diminished after (partial) oxidation, while thiols show increased reactivity in the absence of bound metal ions. Adding still more complexity, the MT promoter is controlled by zinc (via metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1)) as well as redox (via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)). Many signaling cascades that are important for cell proliferation or apoptosis contain protein thiols, acting as centers for crosstalk between zinc- and redox-signaling. A prominent example for shared molecular targets for zinc and ROS are active site cysteine thiols in protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), their activity being downregulated by oxidation as well as zinc binding. Because zinc binding also protects PTP thiols form irreversible oxidation, there is a multi-faceted reciprocal interaction, illustrating that zinc- and redox-signaling are intricately linked on multiple levels.
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Structural analysis of metal chelation of the metalloproteinase thermolysin by 1,10-phenanthroline. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 215:111319. [PMID: 33310458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metalloproteases and their inhibitors are important in numerous fundamental biochemical phenomena and medical applications. The heterocyclic organic compound, 1,10-phenanthroline, forms a complex with transition metal ions and is a Zn2+-chelating metalloprotease inhibitor; however, the mechanism of 1,10-phenanthroline-based chelation inhibition has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to understand the structural basis of zinc metalloproteinase inhibition by 1,10-phenanthroline. Herein, the crystal structure of thermolysin was determined in the absence and presence of 1,10-phenanthroline at 1.5 and 1.8 Å, respectively. In native thermolysin, Zn2+ at the active site is tetrahedrally coordinated by His142, His146, Glu166, and water molecule and contains three Ca2+ ions, which are involved in thermostability. In the crystal structure of 1,10-phenanthroline-treated thermolysin crystal, seven 1,10-phenanthroline molecules were observed on the surface of thermolysin. These molecules are stabilized by π- π stacking interactions with aromatic amino acids (Phe63, Tyr66, Tyr110, His216, and Try251) or between the 1,10-phenanthrolines. Moreover, interactions with Ser5 and Arg101 were also observed. In this structure, Zn2+ at the active site was completely chelated, but no large conformational changes were observed in Zn2+ coordination with amino acid residues. Ca2+ at the Ca3 site exposed to the solvent was chelated by 1,10-phenanthroline, resulting in a conformational change in the side chain of Asp56 and Gln61. Based on the surface structure, for 1,10-phenanthroline to chelate a metal, it is important that the metal is exposed on the protein surface and that there is no steric hindrance impairing 1,10-phenanthroline access by the amino acids around the metal.
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Stelling MP, Motta JM, Mashid M, Johnson WE, Pavão MS, Farrell NP. Metal ions and the extracellular matrix in tumor migration. FEBS J 2020; 286:2950-2964. [PMID: 31379111 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we explore the roles of divalent metal ions in structure and function within the extracellular matrix (ECM), specifically, their interaction with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) during tumor progression. Metals and GAGs have been individually associated with physiological and pathological processes, however, their combined activities in regulating cell behavior and ECM remodeling have not been fully explored to date. During tumor progression, divalent metals and GAGs participate in central processes, such as cell migration and angiogenesis, either by modulating cell surface molecules, as well as soluble signaling factors. In addition, studies on metals and polysaccharides interactions have been of great value, as they provide structural information that can be correlated with function. Finally, we believe that understanding how metals are regulated in physiological and pathological conditions is paramount for the development of new treatment strategies, as well as diagnostic and exploratory tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana P Stelling
- Instituto Federal de Educacao, Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Boudreau MW, Peh J, Hergenrother PJ. Procaspase-3 Overexpression in Cancer: A Paradoxical Observation with Therapeutic Potential. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2335-2348. [PMID: 31260254 PMCID: PMC6858495 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many anticancer strategies rely on the promotion of apoptosis in cancer cells as a means to shrink tumors. Crucial for apoptotic function are executioner caspases, most notably caspase-3, that proteolyze a variety of proteins, inducing cell death. Paradoxically, overexpression of procaspase-3 (PC-3), the low-activity zymogen precursor to caspase-3, has been reported in a variety of cancer types. Until recently, this counterintuitive overexpression of a pro-apoptotic protein in cancer has been puzzling. Recent studies suggest subapoptotic caspase-3 activity may promote oncogenic transformation, a possible explanation for the enigmatic overexpression of PC-3. Herein, the overexpression of PC-3 in cancer and its mechanistic basis is reviewed; collectively, the data suggest the potential for exploitation of PC-3 overexpression with PC-3 activators as a targeted anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jessie Peh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
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11
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Heng S, Zhang X, Pei J, Adwal A, Reineck P, Gibson BC, Hutchinson MR, Abell AD. Spiropyran-Based Nanocarrier: A New Zn 2+ -Responsive Delivery System with Real-Time Intracellular Sensing Capabilities. Chemistry 2018; 25:854-862. [PMID: 30414294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new spiropyran-based stimuli-responsive delivery system is fabricated. It encapsulates and then releases an extraneous compound in response to elevated levels of Zn2+ , a critical factor in cell apoptosis. A C12 -alkyl substituent on the spiropyran promotes self-assembly into a micelle-like nanocarrier in aqueous media, with nanoprecipitation and encapsulation of added payload. Zn2+ binding occurs to an appended bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine group at biologically relevant micromolar concentration. This leads to switching of the spiropyran (SP) isomer to the strongly fluorescent ring opened merocyanine-Zn2+ (MC-Zn2+ ) complex, with associated expansion of the nanocarriers to release the encapsulated payload. Payload release is demonstrated in solution and in HEK293 cells by encapsulation of a blue fluorophore, 7-hydroxycoumarin, and monitoring its release using fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Furthermore, the use of the nanocarriers to deliver a caspase inhibitor, Azure B, into apoptotic cells in response to an elevated Zn2+ concentration is demonstrated. This then inhibits intracellular caspase activity, as evidenced by confocal microscopy and in real-time by time-lapsed microscopy. Finally, the nanocarriers are shown to release an encapsulated proteasome inhibitor (5) in Zn2+ -treated breast carcinoma cell line models. This then inhibits intracellular proteasome and induces cytotoxicity to the carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Heng
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Xiaozhou Zhang
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Jinxin Pei
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alaknanda Adwal
- The Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,CNBP, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,CNBP, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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12
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Li K, Dai Y, Chen W, Yu K, Xiao G, Richardson JJ, Huang W, Guo J, Liao X, Shi B. Self-Assembled Metal-Phenolic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Synergistic Combination Therapy against Colon Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:e1800241. [PMID: 32627378 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Engineering functional nanomaterials to have both high therapeutic efficacy and minimal side-effects has become a promising strategy for next-generation cancer treatments. Herein, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion and reactive oxygen species-enhanced combination chemotherapy platform is introduced whereby therapeutic samarium (Sm3+ ) ions and (-)-epicatechin (EC) are integrated via a metal-phenolic network (SmIII -EC). The independent pathway between Sm3+ and EC can achieve a synergistic therapeutic effect through the mitochondrial dysfunction process. SmIII -EC nanoparticles cause a significant reduction of viability of C26 murine colon carcinoma cells while with lower systemic toxic effects on normal cell lines. SmIII -EC nanoparticles are used to directly compare with a clinic anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. SmIII -EC nanoparticles not only decrease the tumor volume but also do not affect the body weight of mice and normal organs, showing significant advantages over clinic counterpart. These facts suggest that SmIII -EC nanoparticles represent a clinically promising candidate for colon cancer treatment with a targeted therapeutic effect and minimum side toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Gao Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joseph J Richardson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Junling Guo
- Department of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuepin Liao
- Department of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Bi Shi
- Department of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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13
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He G, Ma Y, Zhu Y, Yong L, Liu X, Wang P, Liang C, Yang C, Zhao Z, Hai B, Pan X, Liu Z, Liu X, Mao C. Cross Talk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis Contributes to ZnO Nanoparticle-Induced Human Osteosarcoma Cell Death. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800332. [PMID: 29900694 PMCID: PMC6310009 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Killing osteosarcoma cells by zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and its underlying subcellular mechanism are never studied. Here, it is found that the NPs induce cross talk between apoptosis and autophagy, which leads to osteosarcoma cell death. Specifically, the NP uptake promotes autophagy by inducing accumulation of autophagosomes along with impairment of lysosomal functions. The autophagy further causes the uptaken NPs to release zinc ions by promoting their dissolution. These intracellular zinc ions, together with those that are originally released from the extracellular NPs and flowed into the cells, collectively target and damage mitochondria to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Then the ROS inhibit cell proliferation by arresting S phase and trigger apoptosis by extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, ultimately leading to cell death. More importantly, suppression of the early stage autophagy restores cell viability by abolishing apoptosis whereas blockade of the late stage autophagy inversely enhances apoptosis. In contrast, inhibition of apoptosis shows a limited ability to restore cell viability but obviously enhance autophagy. Notably, cell viability is strongly ameliorated by the combination of inhibitors for both the late stage autophagy and the apoptosis. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the NP-directed autophagy and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanping He
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - Lei Yong
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chenlong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, North Garden Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
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14
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Beigi Harchegani A, Dahan H, Tahmasbpour E, Bakhtiari Kaboutaraki H, Shahriary A. Effects of zinc deficiency on impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility: the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. HUM FERTIL 2018; 23:5-16. [PMID: 30129823 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2018.1494390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is necessary for the normal function of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa. Although influences of zinc deficiency on impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility have been widely considered, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these abnormalities are not well understood. General abnormalities, including hypogonadism, Leydig cells damage, deficiency of sex hormone production and impaired spermatogenesis, as well as inflammation, antioxidant depletion, sperm death and male infertility can be observed during zinc deficiency. However, it is not obvious which pathways are relevant to the pathogenesis of zinc deficiency. Oxidative stress (OS) induced by reactive oxygen species is likely as the main mechanism of zinc deficiency which is associated with sperm DNA fragmentation, decrease in sperm membrane integrity, apoptosis, depletion of antioxidants, and consequently poor sperm quality and male infertility. Therefore, identification of these pathways will give valuable information regarding the mechanisms of zinc deficiency on the male reproductive system and the potential way for developing a better clinical approach. In this review, we aim to discuss the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms of zinc deficiency on the male reproductive system, the importance of OS and mechanisms by which zinc deficiency induces OS and depletion of other antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Beigi Harchegani
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heydar Dahan
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eisa Tahmasbpour
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Bakhtiari Kaboutaraki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahriary
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Saha A, Acharya BN, Priya R, Tripathi NK, Shrivastava A, Rao MK, Kesari P, Narwal M, Tomar S, Bhagyawant SS, Parida M, Dash PK. Development of nsP2 protease based cell free high throughput screening assay for evaluation of inhibitors against emerging Chikungunya virus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10831. [PMID: 30018455 PMCID: PMC6050329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus has emerged as one of the most important global arboviral threats over the last decade. Inspite of large scale morbidity, with long lasting polyarthralgia, so far no licensed vaccine or antiviral is available. CHIKV nsP2 protease is crucial for processing of viral nonstructural polypeptide precursor to release enzymes required for viral replication, thus making it a promising drug target. In this study, high cell density cultivation (HCDC) of Escherichia coli in batch process was carried out to produce rCHIKV nsP2pro in a cost-effective manner. The purified nsP2pro and fluorogenic peptide substrate have been adapted for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based high throughput screening (HTS) assay with Z’ value and CV of 0.67 ± 0.054 and <10% respectively. We used this cell free HTS system to screen panel of metal ions and its conjugate which revealed zinc acetate as a potential candidate, which was further found to inhibit CHIKV in Vero cells. Scale-up process has not been previously reported for any of the arboviral nonstructural enzymes. The successful scale-up method for viral protease together with a HTS assay could lead to the development of industrial level large-scale screening platform for identification of protease inhibitors against emerging and re-emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Saha
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Badri Narayan Acharya
- Synthetic Chemistry Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Raj Priya
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Technology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Ambuj Shrivastava
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - M Kameswara Rao
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Pooja Kesari
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Manju Narwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Shailly Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | | | - Manmohan Parida
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Paban Kumar Dash
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India.
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16
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Eron SJ, MacPherson DJ, Dagbay KB, Hardy JA. Multiple Mechanisms of Zinc-Mediated Inhibition for the Apoptotic Caspases-3, -6, -7, and -8. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1279-1290. [PMID: 29364645 PMCID: PMC5959779 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is emerging as a widely used and important biological regulatory signal. Cellular zinc levels are tightly regulated by a complex array of zinc importers and exporters to control processes such as apoptotic cell death. While caspase inhibition by zinc has been reported previously, the reported inhibition constants were too weak to suggest a critical biological role for zinc-mediated inhibition. In this work, we have adopted a method of assessing available zinc. This allowed assessment of accurate inhibition constants for apoptotic caspases, caspase-3, -6, -7, and -8. Each of these caspases are inhibited by zinc at intracellular levels but with widely differing inhibition constants and different zinc binding stoichiometries. Caspase-3, -6, and -8 appear to be constitutively inhibited by typical zinc levels, and this inhibition must be lifted to allow activation. The inhibition constant for caspase-7 (76 nM) is much weaker than for the other apoptotic caspases (2.6-6.9 nM) suggesting that caspase-7 is not inactivated by normal zinc concentrations but can be inhibited under conditions of zinc stress. Caspase-3, -7, and -8 were found to bind three, one, and two zincs, respectively. In each of these caspases, zinc was present in the active site, in contrast to caspase-6, which binds one zinc allosterically. The most notable new mechanism to emerge from this work is for zinc-mediated inhibition of caspase-8. Zinc binds caspase-8 directly at the active site and at a second site. Zinc binding inhibits formation of the caspase-8 dimer, the activated form of the enzyme. Together these findings suggest that zinc plays a critical role in regulation of apoptosis by direct inactivation of caspases, in a manner that is unique for each caspase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Eron
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Derek J. MacPherson
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Kevin B. Dagbay
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jeanne A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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17
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Dayangan Sayan C, Karaca G, Sema Ozkan Z, Tulmac OB, Ceylan Isik A, Devrim T, Aydin G, Yeral I. What is the protective effect of metformin on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury? J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 44:278-285. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Dayangan Sayan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Gokhan Karaca
- Department of General Surgery; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Zehra Sema Ozkan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Ozlem B. Tulmac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Aslı Ceylan Isik
- Department of Pharmacology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Tuba Devrim
- Department of Pathology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Gülcin Aydin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Ilkin Yeral
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine; Kırıkkale Turkey
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18
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Metal chelator TPEN selectively induces apoptosis in K562 cells through reactive oxygen species signaling mechanism: implications for chronic myeloid leukemia. Biometals 2017; 30:405-421. [PMID: 28409295 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic disorder characterized by the constitutive expression of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Although successful implementation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of CML remain a traditional choice for molecularly targeted therapy, some patients present primary or secondary resistance to such therapy. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies are required to treat resistant CML cells. Accordingly, new anti-proliferative and/or pro-apoptotic compounds would be needed for clinical treatment. In the present investigation, we demonstrate that TPEN (e.g. 3 μM), a lipid-soluble metal chelator, induces apoptosis in K562 cells via a molecular cascade involving H2O2 ≫ JNK, NF-κB > c-JUN, P73 > PUMA, BAX > loss of ΔΨm > CASPASE-3 > nuclei/DNA fragmentation. Fragmentation of the nuclei and DNA are indicative of cell death by apoptosis. Remarkably, the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine, and inhibitors of the transcription factors CASPASE 3 and (JNK) kinase, decreased oxidative stress (OS) and cell death in these cells. This is evidenced by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry for OS markers (e.g. generation of H2O2 and DJ 1 oxidation) and nuclear expression of apoptotic markers (e.g. activated caspase 3 and JNK kinase). In addition, TPEN causes no detectable damage in human peripheral blood lymphocyte cells (hPBLCs). We conclude that TPEN selectively induces apoptosis in K562 cells via an OS-mechanism. Our findings may provide insight into more effective CML anticancer therapies.
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19
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Botham R, Roth HS, Book AP, Roady PJ, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ. Small-Molecule Procaspase-3 Activation Sensitizes Cancer to Treatment with Diverse Chemotherapeutics. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:545-59. [PMID: 27610416 PMCID: PMC4999974 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapeutics remain essential treatments for most cancers, but their combination with other anticancer drugs (including targeted therapeutics) is often complicated by unpredictable synergies and multiplicative toxicities. As cytotoxic anticancer chemotherapeutics generally function through induction of apoptosis, we hypothesized that a molecularly targeted small molecule capable of facilitating a central and defining step in the apoptotic cascade, the activation of procaspase-3 to caspase-3, would broadly and predictably enhance activity of cytotoxic drugs. Here we show that procaspase-activating compound 1 (PAC-1) enhances cancer cell death induced by 15 different FDA-approved chemotherapeutics, across many cancer types and chemotherapeutic targets. In particular, the promising combination of PAC-1 and doxorubicin induces a synergistic reduction in tumor burden and enhances survival in murine tumor models of osteosarcoma and lymphoma. This PAC-1/doxorubicin combination was evaluated in 10 pet dogs with naturally occurring metastatic osteosarcoma or lymphoma, eliciting a biologic response in 3 of 6 osteosarcoma patients and 4 of 4 lymphoma patients. Importantly, in both mice and dogs, coadministration of PAC-1 with doxorubicin resulted in no additional toxicity. On the basis of the mode of action of PAC-1 and the high expression of procaspase-3 in many cancers, these results suggest the combination of PAC-1 with cytotoxic anticancer drugs as a potent and general strategy to enhance therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
C. Botham
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Howard S. Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alison P. Book
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Patrick J. Roady
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Veterinary
Clinical Medicine, and Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- E-mail:
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20
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Aras B, Akçilar R, Koçak FE, Koçak H, Savran B, Metineren H, Karakuş YT, Yücel M. Effect of ukrain on ischemia/reperfusion-induced kidney injury in rats. J Surg Res 2016; 202:267-75. [PMID: 27229100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of ukrain on an experimental kidney injury model induced by ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally and randomly separated into three groups as follows: group-1: controls (C; only laparotomy); group 2: renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR; occlusion of the renal artery for 30 min and 2 h of reperfusion); and group 3: ukrain treatment and IR applied group (U + IR; occlusion of the renal artery for 30 min and 2 h of reperfusion; ukrain was intraperitoneally administered 1 h before the IR process). RESULTS Serum total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured. The oxidative stress index was determined by calculating the TOS/TAS ratio. TAS serum levels significantly increased, and TOS serum levels also prominently decreased in U + IR group, when compared with the IR group (P < 0.001). Mean NGAL level was remarkably higher in IR group, when compared with the U + IR group (P < 0.001). Caspase-3 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level increased in IR and decreased in U + IR group (P < 0.001). Bcl-xL serum and mRNA expression levels increased in the U + IR group (P < 0.001). In addition, serum iNOS and mRNA expression levels increased in IR group and decreased in U + IR group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Data established from the present study suggest that ukrain may exhibit protective effect against IR-induced kidney injury and that antioxidant activity primarily modulates this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Aras
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Raziye Akçilar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - F Emel Koçak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Havva Koçak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Bircan Savran
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Metineren
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Yasin Tuğrul Karakuş
- Department of Pediatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yücel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kutahya, Turkey
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21
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Roth HS, Hergenrother PJ. Derivatives of Procaspase-Activating Compound 1 (PAC-1) and their Anticancer Activities. Curr Med Chem 2016; 23:201-41. [PMID: 26630918 PMCID: PMC4968085 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666151127201829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PAC-1 induces the activation of procaspase-3 in vitro and in cell culture by chelation of inhibitory labile zinc ions via its ortho-hydroxy-N-acylhydrazone moiety. First reported in 2006, PAC-1 has shown promise in cell culture and animal models of cancer, and a Phase I clinical trial in cancer patients began in March 2015 (NCT02355535). Because of the considerable interest in this compound and a well-defined structure-activity relationship, over 1000 PAC-1 derivatives have been synthesized in an effort to vary pharmacological properties such as potency and pharmacokinetics. This article provides a comprehensive examination of all PAC-1 derivatives reported to date. A survey of PAC-1 derivative libraries is provided, with an indepth discussion of four derivatives on which extensive studies have been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 261 Roger Adams Laboratory, Box 36-5, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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22
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Guan W, Wang Z, Liu Y, Han Y, Ren H, Eric Wang W, Yang J, Zhou L, Zeng C. Protective effects of tirofiban on ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal injury in vivo and in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:144-52. [PMID: 25981297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tirofiban, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, is widely used in the management of patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction, and shows protective effects on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injured heart. Whether or not it has protective effect on I/R injured kidney is not known. The present in vivo and in vitro study found that serum creatinine (SCR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly increased in I/R rats, accompanied by histopathological damage of the kidney. Apoptotic cells, leukocyte infiltration and ROS production were increased in I/R rats. Pretreatment by intravenous injection of tirofiban (200μg/kg) reduced SCR and BUN levels, ameliorated renal histopathological changes, and decreased ROS production, cell apoptosis and leukocyte infiltration in I/R injured kidney. Our further study showed that the protection of tirofiban might be associated with the restoration of eNOS/iNOS balance, since inhibition of NO production blocked the tirofiban-mediated renal protection on I/R injury. The present in vivo and in vitro study indicated that tirofiban pretreatment exerts a protective effect on I/R injury in kidney through regulation of eNOS/iNOS balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Yukai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China.
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China.
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, 400042 Chongqing, China.
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23
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Roth HS, Botham RC, Schmid SC, Fan TM, Dirikolu L, Hergenrother PJ. Removal of Metabolic Liabilities Enables Development of Derivatives of Procaspase-Activating Compound 1 (PAC-1) with Improved Pharmacokinetics. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4046-65. [PMID: 25856364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Procaspase-activating compound 1 (PAC-1) is an o-hydroxy-N-acylhydrazone that induces apoptosis in cancer cells by chelation of labile inhibitory zinc from procaspase-3. PAC-1 has been assessed in a wide variety of cell culture experiments and in vivo models of cancer, with promising results, and a phase 1 clinical trial in cancer patients has been initiated (NCT02355535). For certain applications, however, the in vivo half-life of PAC-1 could be limiting. Thus, with the goal of developing a compound with enhanced metabolic stability, a series of PAC-1 analogues were designed containing modifications that systematically block sites of metabolic vulnerability. Evaluation of the library of compounds identified four potentially superior candidates with comparable anticancer activity in cell culture, enhanced metabolic stability in liver microsomes, and improved tolerability in mice. In head-to-head experiments with PAC-1, pharmacokinetic evaluation in mice demonstrated extended elimination half-lives and greater area under the curve values for each of the four compounds, suggesting them as promising candidates for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard S Roth
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rachel C Botham
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Steven C Schmid
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy M Fan
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Levent Dirikolu
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and §Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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24
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Yang H, Keen CL, Lanoue L. Influence of intracellular zinc on cultures of rat cardiac neural crest cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 104:11-22. [PMID: 25689142 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.21135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental zinc (Zn) deficiency increases the incidence of heart anomalies in rat fetuses, in regions and structures derived from the outflow tract. Given that the development of the outflow tract requires the presence of cardiac neural crest cells (cNCC), we speculated that Zn deficiency selectively kills cNCC and could lead to heart malformations. METHODS Cardiac NCC were isolated from E10.5 rat embryos and cultured in control media (CTRL), media containing 3 μM of the cell permeable metal chelator N, N, N', N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylene diamine (TPEN), or in TPEN-treated media supplemented with 3 μM Zn (TPEN + Zn). Cardiac NCC were collected after 6, 8, and 24 h of treatment to assess cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. RESULTS The addition of TPEN to the culture media reduced free intracellular Zn pools and cell viability as assessed by low ATP production, compared to cells grown in control or Zn-supplemented media. There was an accumulation of reactive oxygen species, a release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, and an increased cellular expression of active caspase-3 in TPEN-treated cNCC compared to cNCC cultured in CTRL or TPEN + Zn media. CONCLUSION Zn deficiency can result in oxidative stress in cNCC, and subsequent decreases in their population and metabolic activity. These data support the concept that Zn deficiency associated developmental heart defects may arise in part as a consequence of altered cNCC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsunhui Yang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California
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25
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Fan H, Kou J, Han D, Li P, Zhang D, Wu Q, He Q. Sensitive proteolysis assay based on the detection of a highly characteristic solid-state process. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05749c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reported a sensitive proteolysis assay based on the detection of a highly characteristic solid-state process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jiantao Kou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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26
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Daniel AG, Farrell NP. The dynamics of zinc sites in proteins: electronic basis for coordination sphere expansion at structural sites. Metallomics 2014; 6:2230-41. [PMID: 25329367 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00213j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The functional role assumed by zinc in proteins is closely tied to the variable dynamics around its coordination sphere arising by virtue of its flexibility in bonding. Modern experimental and computational methods allow the detection and study of previously unknown features of bonding between zinc and its ligands in protein environment. These discoveries are occurring just in time as novel biological functions of zinc, which involve rather unconventional coordination trends, are emerging. In this sense coordination sphere expansion of structural zinc sites, as observed in our previous experiments, is a novel phenomenon. Here we explore the electronic and structural requirements by simulating this phenomenon in structural zinc sites using DFT computations. For this purpose, we have chosen MPW1PW91 and a mixed basis set combination as the DFT method through benchmarking, because it accurately reproduces structural parameters of experimentally characterized zinc compounds. Using appropriate models, we show that the greater ionic character of zinc coordination would allow for coordination sphere expansion if the steric and electrostatic repulsions of the ligands are attenuated properly. Importantly, through the study of electronic and structural aspects of the models used, we arrive at a comprehensive bonding model, explaining the factors that influence coordination of zinc in proteins. The proposed model along with the existing knowledge would enhance our ability to predict zinc binding sites in proteins, which is today of growing importance given the predicted enormity of the zinc proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gerard Daniel
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2006, USA.
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27
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Bellomo E, Massarotti A, Hogstrand C, Maret W. Zinc ions modulate protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity. Metallomics 2014; 6:1229-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00086b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel mechanism by which Zn2+ modulates PTP1B activity encompasses the binding to the closed and phospho-intermediate forms only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bellomo
- King's College London
- Metal Metabolism Group
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences
- School of Medicine
- London, UK
| | - Alberto Massarotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Universitá degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”
- 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- King's College London
- Metal Metabolism Group
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences
- School of Medicine
- London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- King's College London
- Metal Metabolism Group
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences
- School of Medicine
- London, UK
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28
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Barnham KJ, Bush AI. Biological metals and metal-targeting compounds in major neurodegenerative diseases. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:6727-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00138a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metals are functionally essential, but redistribute in neurodegenerative disease where they induce protein aggregates, catalyze radical formation, and lose bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Barnham
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
- The University of Melbourne
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
- Department of Pathology
- The University of Melbourne
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