1
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Horst B, Verdoorn DS, Hennig S, van der Heijden G, Ruijter E. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Limaspermidine and (-)-Kopsinine by a Nitroaryl Transfer Cascade Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210592. [PMID: 36004723 PMCID: PMC9826323 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report an intramolecular conjugate addition/Truce-Smiles/E1cb cascade of 2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide-functionalized cyclohexenones as a new entry to the core scaffold of monoterpene indole alkaloids. The method was applied to the asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-limaspermidine, (-)-kopsinilam, and (-)-kopsinine, as well as the framework of the kopsifoline alkaloids, thus highlighting its complementarity to existing approaches involving the use of indole-based starting materials or the interrupted Fischer indole synthesis. Furthermore, we show that the cascade tolerates various substituents on the nitroarene, opening the way to other natural products as well as non-natural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Horst
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)De Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daniël S. Verdoorn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)De Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sven Hennig
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)De Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gydo van der Heijden
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)De Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)De Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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2
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Horst B, Verdoorn DS, Hennig S, van der Heijden G, Ruijter E. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (–)‐Limaspermidine and (–)‐Kopsinine by a Nitroaryl Transfer Cascade Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Horst
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Daniël S. Verdoorn
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | - Sven Hennig
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences NETHERLANDS
| | | | - Eelco Ruijter
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences De Boelelaan 11081081 HZNetherlands 1081 HZ Amsterdam NETHERLANDS
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3
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Lin X, Zhao C, Wang D, Wu G, Chen G, Chen S, Ren H, Deng D, Xu Y, Hu X, Liu Y. BiCl
3
‐Mediated Tandem Cyclization of Tryptamine‐Derived Ynamide: Concise Synthesis of Pentacyclic Spiroindolines and Tricyclic Indole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Tong Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Da‐Ru Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang‐Cheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Shu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Shu‐Jie Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550014 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong‐Sheng Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Bing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou University 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550014 People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
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4
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Faltracco M, Ruijter E. Synthesis of tetracyclic spiroindolines by an interrupted Bischler-Napieralski reaction: total synthesis of akuammicine. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9641-9644. [PMID: 34724022 PMCID: PMC8600370 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01966j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Judicious substrate design allows interruption of the classical Bischler–Napieralski reaction, providing access to a range of diversely substituted tetracyclic spiroindolines. These complex polycyclic scaffolds are valuable building blocks for the construction of indole alkaloids, as showcased in a concise total synthesis of (±)-akuammicine. The interrupted Bischler–Napieralski reaction of β,γ-unsaturated tryptamides affords tetracyclic spiro pyrroloindolines, which can be used in the total synthesis of the Strychnos alkaloid, akuammicine.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Faltracco
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Wang XF, Cao WB, Li HY, Xu XP, Ji SJ. Cascade Reaction of Tryptamine-Derived Isocyanides with Nitrile Oxides: Construction of Oxazine Fused-Spiroindoline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12597-12606. [PMID: 34463508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A one-step cascade reaction of tryptamine-derived isocyanides with in situ generated nitrile oxides for the synthesis of fused spiroindolines was described. The desired products could be efficiently synthesized in moderate to good yields (42-87%). The protocol features mild conditions, wide substrate scope, and high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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6
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Abstract
Interrupted reactions reroute established processes to new and often unanticipated end points. Of particular interest are the cases in which a known reactive intermediate takes on a new reaction pathway, either because this pathway is lower in energy or because the conventional pathway is no longer available. Through analysis of documented cases, we aim to dissect the known interrupted reactions and trace their mechanistic origins. As new chemical processes are being discovered at a seemingly ever-increasing pace, it is likely that new interrupted reactions will continue to emerge. Our hope is that the cases considered in this Review will help identify new classes of these fascinating transformations.
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7
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Faltracco M, Ortega-Rosales S, Janssen E, Cioc RC, Vande Velde CML, Ruijter E. Synthesis of Carbazoles by a Diverted Bischler-Napieralski Cascade Reaction. Org Lett 2021; 23:3100-3104. [PMID: 33787266 PMCID: PMC8056386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
An unforeseen twist
in a seemingly trivial Bischler–Napieralski
reaction led to the selective formation of an unexpected carbazole
product. The reaction proved to be general, providing access to a
range of diversely substituted carbazoles from readily available substrates.
Judicious variation of substituents revealed a complex cascade mechanism
comprising no less than 10 elementary steps, that could be diverted
in multiple ways toward various other carbazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Faltracco
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Said Ortega-Rosales
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elwin Janssen
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Răzvan C Cioc
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe M L Vande Velde
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, iPRACS, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular & Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Synthesizing Chiral Drug Intermediates by Biocatalysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:146-179. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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9
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Moni L, Banfi L, Cartagenova D, Cavalli A, Lambruschini C, Martino E, Orru RVA, Ruijter E, Saya JM, Sgrignani J, Riva R. Zinc( ii)-mediated diastereoselective Passerini reactions of biocatalytically desymmetrised renewable inputs. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00773c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A chiral aldehyde, obtained in both enantiomeric forms from renewable 2,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran by a chemoenzymatic procedure, was submitted to a modified diastereoselective Passerini reaction employing zinc dicarboxylates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Moni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry
- Università di Genova
- Italy
| | - Luca Banfi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry
- Università di Genova
- Italy
| | | | - Andrea Cavalli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB)
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI)
- Bellinzona
- Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
| | | | - Elisa Martino
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry
- Università di Genova
- Italy
| | - Romano V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Netherlands
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Netherlands
| | - Jordy M. Saya
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Sgrignani
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB)
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI)
- Bellinzona
- Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
| | - Renata Riva
- Department of Pharmacy
- Università di Genova
- Italy
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10
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Gao Y, Li J, Bai S, Tu D, Yang C, Ye Z, Hu B, Qi X, Jiang C. Direct synthesis of annulated indoles through palladium-catalyzed double alkylations. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A facile, one-step synthesis of annulated indoles from (N–H) indoles and dibromoalkanes was developed through a palladium-catalyzed double alkylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Jianhua Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Songlin Bai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
- Beijing 102206
- P. R. China
| | - Daoquan Tu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Zhiwen Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
- Beijing 102206
- P. R. China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research
- Tsinghua University
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P. R. China
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11
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Lambruschini C, Basso A, Banfi L. Integrating biocatalysis and multicomponent reactions. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2018; 29:3-9. [PMID: 30471671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While often multicomponent reactions (MCR) are used for the diversity-oriented synthesis of racemic (or achiral) molecular entities, this short review describes two alternative approaches for accessing enantiopure products exploiting the power of biocatalysis. Enzymes or microorganisms may be used for preparing enantiopure MCR inputs or for resolving racemic (or achiral) MCR adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lambruschini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso, 31-16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso, 31-16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Banfi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso, 31-16146, Genova, Italy.
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12
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Biocatalysis for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical intermediates. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1275-1284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Chen FF, Zheng GW, Liu L, Li H, Chen Q, Li FL, Li CX, Xu JH. Reshaping the Active Pocket of Amine Dehydrogenases for Asymmetric Synthesis of Bulky Aliphatic Amines. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor
Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Saya JM, Oppelaar B, Cioc RC, van der Heijden G, Vande Velde CML, Orru RVA, Ruijter E. Synthesis of polycyclic spiroindolines by highly diastereoselective interrupted Ugi cascade reactions of 3-(2-isocyanoethyl)indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:12482-12485. [PMID: 27722446 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07459f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly diastereoselective interrupted Ugi reaction to construct a broad range of structurally congested and stereochemically complex spiroindolines from tryptamine-derived isocyanides. The reaction is facilitated by using fluorinated alcohols (TFE or HFIP) as solvents and tolerates a broad range of amines, aldehydes and 2-isocyanoethylindoles to give polycyclic products in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy M Saya
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Barry Oppelaar
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Răzvan C Cioc
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gydo van der Heijden
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Christophe M L Vande Velde
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, Advanced Reactor Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Romano V A Orru
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eelco Ruijter
- Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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15
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Yu S, Chen H, Xu X, Yuan W, Zhang X. Enatioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydrocarbazoles via
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Promoted Domino Friedel-Crafts-type Reaction of Indole-3-butanal with Indoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuowen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis & Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis & Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis & Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Weicheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis & Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis & Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province; Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
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16
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Liu YL, Mao XY, Lin XT, Chen GS. A Zn(OTf)2 catalyzed Ugi-type reaction of 3-(2-isocyanoethyl)indoles with indole-derived ketimines: rapid access to hexacyclic spiroindolines. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00382c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Zn(OTf)2 catalyzed Ugi-type reaction of 3-(2-isocyanoethyl)indoles and indole-derived ketimines was developed for the synthesis of hexacyclic spiroindolines featuring three stereocenters including two quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xiang-Yu Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xiao-Tong Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Guo-Shu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
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17
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Simmons BJ, Hoffmann M, Champagne PA, Picazo E, Yamakawa K, Morrill LA, Houk KN, Garg NK. Understanding and Interrupting the Fischer Azaindolization Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14833-14836. [PMID: 29022706 PMCID: PMC5726400 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and computational studies pertaining to the Fischer azaindolization reaction are reported. These studies explain why pyridylhydrazines are poorly reactive in Fischer indolization reactions, in addition to the origin of hydrazine substituent effects. Additionally, an interrupted variant of Fischer azaindolization methodology is disclosed, which provides a synthetic entryway into fused azaindoline scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J. Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Marie Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | | | - Elias Picazo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Katsuya Yamakawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Lucas A. Morrill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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18
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Krüll J, Hubert A, Nebel N, Prante O, Heinrich MR. Microwave‐Assisted Rapid One‐Pot Synthesis of Fused and Non‐Fused Indoles and 5‐[
18
F]Fluoroindoles from Phenylazocarboxylates. Chemistry 2017; 23:16174-16178. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Krüll
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schuhstraße 19 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | - Anja Hubert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schuhstraße 19 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | - Natascha Nebel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schwabachanlage 6 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Olaf Prante
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schwabachanlage 6 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schuhstraße 19 91052 Erlangen Germany
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19
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Lin TY, Wu HH, Feng JJ, Zhang J. Design and Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Vinyl Tryptamine Building Blocks for Construction of Privileged Chiral Indole Scaffolds. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Yan Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Hong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Salikov RF, Trainov KP, Levina AA, Belousova IK, Medvedev MG, Tomilov YV. Synthesis of Branched Tryptamines via the Domino Cloke-Stevens/Grandberg Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2016; 82:790-795. [PMID: 27983841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The rearrangement of cyclopropylketone arylhydrazones generated in situ from arylhydrazine hydrochlorides and ketones leads to formation of tryptamine derivatives. The use of (2-arylcyclopropyl)ethanones in the reactions with model 4-bromophenylhydrazine hydrochloride gives branched tryptamines with aryl groups in the α-position to the amino group, while (2-methylcyclopropyl)ethanone gives a mixture of α- and β-substituted products in a ratio of 1:3. The method was found effective in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure tryptamine. Thus, (R,R)-(2-phenylcyclopropyl)ethanone gives the (S)-α-phenyltryptamine derivative with an enantiomeric excess over 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat F Salikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , 47 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin P Trainov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , 47 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Higher Chemical College, Russian Academy of Sciences , 125047 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Levina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , 47 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Higher Chemical College, Russian Academy of Sciences , 125047 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina K Belousova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , 47 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Chemical Lyceum , 4 Tamozhennyj Proezd, 111033 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Michael G Medvedev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yury V Tomilov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , 47 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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21
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Wang YN, Li TR, Zhang MM, Cheng BY, Lu LQ, Xiao WJ. Formal [3 + 2] Cycloadditions via Indole Activation: A Route to Pyrroloindolines and Furoindolines. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10491-10498. [PMID: 27429422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a novel [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-substituted indoles with vinyl aziridines and vinyl epoxides that provides a straightforward approach to pyrroloindolines and furoindolines bearing vinyl groups (up to 96% yield and 9:1 dr). In contrary to previous reports involving Lewis acid activation, this work reports successful reactions based on the activation of indole using t-BuOK and BEt3 (triethylborane), thereby preserving the free N-H group on indoles. In addition, a gram-scale reaction and a ring-closing metatheis reaction are performed to provide good demonstrations of the synthetic utility of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Tian-Ren Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Mao-Mao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Bei-Yi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology , Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
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22
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Switchable [3+2] and [4+2] Heteroannulation of Primary Propargylamines with Isonitriles to Imidazoles and 1,6-Dihydropyrimidines: Catalyst Loading Enabled Reaction Divergence. Chemistry 2016; 22:8332-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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de Graaff C, Oppelaar B, Péruch O, Vande Velde CML, Bechi B, Turner NJ, Ruijter E, Orru RVA. Stereoselective Monoamine Oxidase-Catalyzed Oxidative Aza-Friedel-Crafts Reactions ofmeso-Pyrrolidines in Aqueous Buffer. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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