1
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Yang J, Li J, Zhang X, Yang W, Jeong SY, Huang E, Liu B, Woo HY, Chen Z, Guo X. Functionalized Phenanthrene Imide-Based Polymers for n-Type Organic Thin-Film Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319627. [PMID: 38443313 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
High-performing n-type polymers are crucial for the advance of organic electronics field, however strong electron-deficient building blocks with optimized physicochemical properties for constructing them are still limited. The imide-functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with extended π-conjugated framework, high electron deficiency and good solubility serve as promising candidates for developing high-performance n-type polymers. Among the PAHs, phenanthrene (PhA) features a well-delocalized aromatic π-system with multiple modifiable active sites . However, the PhA-based imides are seldom studied, mainly attributed to the synthetic challenge. Herein, we report two functionalized PhAs, CPOI and CPCNI, by simultaneously incorporating imide with carbonyl or dicyanomethylene onto PhA. Notably, the dicyanomethylene-modified CPCNI exhibits a well stabilized LUMO energy level (-3.84 eV), attributed to the synergetic inductive effect from imide and cyano groups. Subsequently, based on CPOI and CPCNI, two polymers PCPOI-Tz and PCPCNI-Tz were developed. Applied to organic thin-film transistors, owing to the strong electron-deficiency of CPCNI, polymer PCPCNI-Tz shows an improved electron mobility and largely decreased threshold voltage compared with PCPOI-Tz. This work affords two structurally novel electron-deficient building blocks and highlights the effectiveness of dual functionalization of PhAs with strong electron-withdrawing groups for devising n-type polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Xiage Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Enmin Huang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Zhicai Chen
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Department State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong, Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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2
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Liepuoniute I, Shan JR, Houk KN, Garcia-Garibay MA. Computational Study of Ground-State Destabilization Effects and Dipole-Dipole Interaction Energies in Amphidynamic Crystals. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9-15. [PMID: 38069823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Ground-state destabilization is a promising strategy to modulate rotational barriers in amphidynamic crystals. Density functional theory studies of polar phenylenes installed as rotators in pillared paddle-wheel metal organic frameworks were performed to investigate the effects of ground-state destabilization on their rotational dynamics. We found that as the steric size of phenylene substituents increases, the ground-state destabilization effect is also increased. Specifically, a significant destabilization of the ground-state energy occurred as the size of the substituents increased, with values ranging from 2 to 11.7 kcal/mol. An evaluation of the effects of substituents on dipole-dipole interaction energies and rotational barriers suggests that it should be possible to engineer amphidynamic crystals where the dipole-dipole interaction energy becomes comparable to the rotational barriers. Notably, while pure dipole-dipole interaction energies reached values ranging from 0.6 to 2.4 kcal/mol, the inclusion of electronic and steric effects can alter dipolar orientations to significantly greater values. We propose that careful selection of polar substituents with different sizes may help create temperature-responsive materials with switchable collective polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Liepuoniute
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jing-Ran Shan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Miguel A Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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3
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Wu ZH, Peng M, Ji C, Kardasis P, Tzourtzouklis I, Baumgarten M, Wu H, Basché T, Floudas G, Yin M, Müllen K. A Terrylene-Anthraquinone Dyad as a Chromophore for Photothermal Therapy in the NIR-II Window. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26487-26493. [PMID: 38011640 PMCID: PMC10704552 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A terrylenedicarboximide-anthraquinone dyad, FTQ, with absorption in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II) is obtained as a high-performance chromophore for photothermal therapy (PTT). The synthetic route proceeds by C-N coupling of amino-substituted terrylenedicarboximide (TMI) and 1,4-dichloroanthraquinone followed by alkaline-promoted dehydrocyclization. FTQ with extended π-conjugation exhibits an optical absorption band peaking at 1140 nm and extending into the 1500 nm range. Moreover, as determined by dielectric spectroscopy in dilute solutions, FTQ achieves an ultrastrong dipole moment of 14.4 ± 0.4 Debye due to intense intramolecular charge transfer. After encapsulation in a biodegradable polyethylene glycol (DSPE-mPEG2000), FTQ nanoparticles (NPs) deliver a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 49% under 1064 nm laser irradiation combined with excellent biocompatibility, photostability, and photoacoustic imaging capability. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal the great potential of FTQ NPs in photoacoustic-imaging-guided photothermal therapy for orthotopic liver cancer treatment in the NIR-II window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Hua Wu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Min Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory
of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chendong Ji
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory
of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | | | | | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hao Wu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Thomas Basché
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- University
Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) - Institute of Materials Science
and Computing, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory
of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55099, Germany
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4
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Wang S, Sun Z, Zhou Y, Deng W. Effect of Fluoride Atoms on the Electrochemical Performance of Tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) Electrodes in Zinc-ion Batteries. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300436. [PMID: 37476920 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) electrode material has achieved excellent performance in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, fundamental understanding about effect of substitutes on electrochemical performance of TCNQ remain unknown. In this work, the effects of fluorine (F) as an electron-absorbing group on the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of TCNQ and storage mechanism of TCNQ in AZIBs are discussed. Theoretical calculation proves that the introduction of fluorine atoms decreases lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy of TCNQ thus affect the redox potential. Electrochemical performance of TCNQ/Fluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (FTCNQ)/2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4 TCNQ) is evaluated from 25 °C to -20 °C in AZIBs. Results tend out that with the increasing substituents of F on TCNQ molecular, their stability in AZIBs decrease. Dipole moment calculation further shows that the introduction of fluorine atoms is inconducive to the stability of the electrode material in aqueous solution. Ex-situ characterization demonstrate that electron withdrawing groups do not change the REDOX center of TCNQ electrode materials. Our work provides a new thought for the selection of the electrode material in AZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchan Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhaopeng Sun
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215000, China
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5
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Jardali F, Tran J, Liège F, Florea I, Leulmi ME, Vach H. Electric Field-Induced Nano-Assembly Formation: First Evidence of Silicon Superclusters with a Giant Permanent Dipole Moment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2169. [PMID: 37570492 PMCID: PMC10421055 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The outstanding properties of silicon nanoparticles have been extensively investigated during the last few decades. Experimental evidence and applications of their theoretically predicted permanent electric dipole moment, however, have only been reported for silicon nanoclusters (SiNCs) for a size of about one to two nanometers. Here, we have explored the question of whether suitable plasma conditions could lead to much larger silicon clusters with significantly stronger permanent electric dipole moments. A pulsed plasma approach was used for SiNC production and surface deposition. The absorption spectra of the deposited SiNCs were recorded using enhanced darkfield hyperspectral microscopy and compared to time-dependent DFT calculations. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations completed our study, showing that one-to-two-nanometer SiNCs can, indeed, be used to assemble much larger "superclusters" with a size of tens of nanometers. These superclusters possess extremely high permanent electric dipole moments that can be exploited to orient and guide these clusters with external electric fields, opening the path to the controlled architecture of silicon nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatme Jardali
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France; (F.J.); (J.T.); (F.L.); (I.F.)
| | - Jacqueline Tran
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France; (F.J.); (J.T.); (F.L.); (I.F.)
| | - Frédéric Liège
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France; (F.J.); (J.T.); (F.L.); (I.F.)
- LMF, École Normale Supérieure, Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ileana Florea
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France; (F.J.); (J.T.); (F.L.); (I.F.)
- CRHEA, CNRS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | | | - Holger Vach
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces, CNRS, École Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France; (F.J.); (J.T.); (F.L.); (I.F.)
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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6
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Zhang Y, He Y, Zeng L, Lüer L, Deng W, Chen Y, Zhou J, Wang Z, Brabec CJ, Wu H, Xie Z, Duan C. Unraveling the Role of Non-Fullerene Acceptor with High Dielectric Constant in Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2302314. [PMID: 37191278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the relative dielectric constant is a constant pursuit of organic semiconductors, but it often leads to multiple changes in device characteristics, hindering the establishment of a reliable relationship between dielectric constant and photovoltaic performance. Herein, a new non-fullerene acceptor named BTP-OE is reported by replacing the branched alkyl chains on Y6-BO with branched oligoethylene oxide chains. This replacement successfully increases the relative dielectric constant from 3.28 to 4.62. To surprise, BTP-OE offers consistently lower device performance relative to Y6-BO in organic solar cells (16.27% vs 17.44%) due to the losses in open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Further investigations unravel that BTP-OE has resulted in reduced electron mobility, increased trap density, enhanced first order recombination, and enlarged energetic disorder. These results demonstrate the complex relationship between dielectric constant and device performance, which provide valuable implications for the development of organic semiconductors with high dielectric constant for photovoltaic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yakun He
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liang Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Larry Lüer
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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7
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Catenazzi M, Nitti A, Boiocchi M, Bianchi G, Po R, Pasini D. Supramolecular Weaving by Halogen-Bonding in Functionality-Rich Hexasubstituted Aromatic Synthons. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1678. [PMID: 36837309 PMCID: PMC9967865 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hexasubstituted benzenes are interesting platforms for the generation of functional materials, whose applications span from supramolecular recognition to organic electronics. Their synthesis is difficult to achieve by controlling multiple substitution steps of all hydrogen atoms on the aromatic benzene skeleton, so, often, cycloaddition reactions from disubsituted alkynes are used. In this work, we report a novel, straightforward route to C3-symmetrical hexasubstituted aromatic synthons with a diverse and rich pattern of functionalities, and we report about their packing mode in the crystals, in which, unprecedentedly, directional, strong halogen bonding interactions are capable of forming bidimensional supramolecular weaving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Catenazzi
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Nitti
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Boiocchi
- Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianchi
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni SpA, Via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Po
- New Energies, Renewable Energies and Material Science Research Center, Eni SpA, Via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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8
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Venianakis T, Siskos M, Papamokos G, Gerothanassis IP. NMR and DFT studies of monounsaturated and ω-3 polyunsaturated free fatty acids in the liquid state reveal a novel atomistic structural model of DHA. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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9
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Li P, Shimoyama D, Zhang N, Jia Y, Hu G, Li C, Yin X, Wang N, Jäkle F, Chen P. A New Platform of B/N‐Doped Cyclophanes: Access to a π‐Conjugated Block‐Type B
3
N
3
Macrocycle with Strong Dipole Moment and Unique Optoelectronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200612. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Niu Zhang
- Analysis & Testing Centers Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Yawei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Guofei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
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10
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Halogen-free Polymer Donors Based on 3,4-Dicyanothiophene for High-performance Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Li P, Shimoyama D, Zhang N, Jia Y, Hu G, Li C, Yin X, Wang N, Jäkle F, Chen P. A New Platform of B/N‐Doped Cyclophanes: Access to a π‐Conjugated Block‐Type B
3
N
3
Macrocycle with Strong Dipole Moment and Unique Optoelectronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Niu Zhang
- Analysis & Testing Centers Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Yawei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Guofei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology of China Beijing 102488 China
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12
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Vaganova TA, Benassi E, Gatilov YV, Chuikov IP, Pishchur DP, Malykhin EV. Polyhalogenated aminobenzonitriles vs. their co-crystals with 18-crown-6: amino group position as a tool to control crystal packing and solid-state fluorescence. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01469b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strengthening (para-isomers) or weakening (ortho-isomers) of π-electron aggregation due to the crystal structure rearrangement results in the bathochromic or hypsochromic shift of the fluorescence maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara A. Vaganova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Enrico Benassi
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Yurij V. Gatilov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Igor P. Chuikov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Denis P. Pishchur
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenij V. Malykhin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev Avenue, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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13
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Lee SW, Hussain MDW, Shome S, Ha SR, Oh JT, Whang DR, Kim Y, Kim DY, Choi H, Chang DW. Effect of electron-withdrawing fluorine and cyano substituents on photovoltaic properties of two-dimensional quinoxaline-based polymers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24381. [PMID: 34934136 PMCID: PMC8692587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, strong electron-withdrawing fluorine (F) and cyano (CN) substituents are selectively incorporated into the quinoxaline unit of two-dimensional (2D) D-A-type polymers to investigate their effects on the photovoltaic properties of the polymers. To construct the 2D polymeric structure, electron-donating benzodithiophene and methoxy-substituted triphenylamine are directly linked to the horizontal and vertical directions of the quinoxaline acceptor, respectively. After analyzing the structural, optical, and electrochemical properties of the resultant F- and CN-substituted polymers, labeled as PBCl-MTQF and PBCl-MTQCN, respectively, inverted-type polymer solar cells with a non-fullerene Y6 acceptor are fabricated to investigate the photovoltaic performances of the polymers. It is discovered that the maximum power conversion efficiency of PBCl-MTQF is 7.48%, whereas that of PBCl-MTQCN is limited to 3.52%. This significantly reduced PCE of the device based on PBCl-MTQCN is ascribed to the formation of irregular, large aggregates in the active layer, which can readily aggravate the charge recombination and charge transport kinetics of the device. Therefore, the photovoltaic performance of 2D quinoxaline-based D-A-type polymers is significantly affected by the type of electron-withdrawing substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Woo Lee
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Pukyong National University, 48513, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - M D Waseem Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Science and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 04730, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanchari Shome
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Science and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 04730, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ryong Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Science and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 04730, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Taek Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Science and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 04730, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ryeol Whang
- Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Research Institute of Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Research Institute of Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Science and Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 04730, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Wook Chang
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Pukyong National University, 48513, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Li T, Wang K, Cai G, Li Y, Liu H, Jia Y, Zhang Z, Lu X, Yang Y, Lin Y. Asymmetric Glycolated Substitution for Enhanced Permittivity and Ecocompatibility of High-Performance Photovoltaic Electron Acceptor. JACS AU 2021; 1:1733-1742. [PMID: 34723276 PMCID: PMC8549046 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditional organic photovoltaic materials exhibit low dielectric constants (εr) of 3 to 4, restricting the further enhancement of power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein we design and synthesize a fused-ring electron acceptor named Y6-4O through introducing an asymmetric highly polarizable oligo(ethylene glycol) side chain onto the pyrrole unit of Y6. Compared with alkylated Y6 (εr = 3.36), asymmetric glycolated Y6-4O shows a notably higher εr value of 5.13 and better solubility in nonhalogen solvents. Because of the higher εr value, the devices based on as-cast PM6:Y6-4O processed using toluene exhibit a higher charge separation yield, slower bimolecular recombination kinetics, and less voltage loss relative to the control devices based on PM6:Y6. Consequently, a high PCE of 15.2% is achieved for PM6:Y6-4O-based devices, whereas the PM6:Y6-based devices show PCEs of only 7.38%. 15.2% is the highest PCE for the as-cast nonhalogenated processed OSC devices, and it is also much higher than the values (<8.5%) reported for OSCs based on high-permittivity (εr > 5) organic photovoltaic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen
University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guilong Cai
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yixiao Jia
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department
of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen
University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuze Lin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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15
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Bonnin MA, Bayarjargal L, Wolf S, Milman V, Winkler B, Feldmann C. GaSeCl 5O: A Molecular Compound with Very Strong SHG Effect. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15653-15658. [PMID: 34614358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GaSeCl5O is a new inorganic molecular compound prepared from SeO2, SeCl4, and GaCl3 at 50 °C in quantitative yield. The structure of the title compound is described by GaCl3(OSeCl2) molecules with a tetrahedrally coordinated Ga atom and a pseudo-tetrahedrally coordinated Se atom (including lone pair of Se(IV)) that are bridged by oxygen. GaSeCl5O crystallizes in the polar chiral space group P61, which is rarely observed for molecular structures. The compound is characterized by X-ray structure analysis based on single crystals and powder samples, thermogravimetry, infrared and Raman spectroscopy as well as by second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements. The experimental data are complemented by density functional theory calculations. GaSeCl5O shows one of the strongest SHG signals known in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum (480-700 nm) with an SHG intensity 10 times higher than potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). This is in accordance with the phase matchability and a strong dipole moment (|μ| = 8.3 D for a molecule in the crystal lattice). Such a strong SHG effect is also remarkable since GaSeCl5O-unlike most of the materials with strong SHG intensity-is an inorganic molecular compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime A Bonnin
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Silke Wolf
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Victor Milman
- Dassault Systèmes BIOVIA, Cambridge, CB4 0WN United Kingdom
| | - Björn Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt a. M., Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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16
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You H, Kang H, Kim D, Park JS, Lee JW, Lee S, Kim FS, Kim BJ. Cyano-Functionalized Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells and Organic Transistors. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3520-3527. [PMID: 33655716 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quinoxaline (Qx) derivatives are promising building units for efficient photovoltaic polymers owing to their strong light absorption and high charge-transport abilities, but they have been used exclusively in the construction of polymer donors. Herein, for the first time, Qx-based polymer acceptors (PA s) were developed by introducing electron-withdrawing cyano (CN) groups into the Qx moiety (QxCN). A series of QxCN-based PA s, P(QxCN-T2), P(QxCN-TVT), and P(QxCN-T3), were synthesized by copolymerizing the QxCN unit with bithiophene, (E)-1,2-di(thiophene-2-yl)ethene, and terthiophene, respectively. All of the PA s exhibited unipolar n-type characteristics with organic field-effect transistor (OFET) mobilities of around 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 . In space-charge-limited current devices, P(QxCN-T2) and P(QxCN-TVT) exhibited electron mobilities greater than 1.0×10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 , due to the well-ordered structure with tight π-π stacking. When the PA s were applied in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), the highest performance of 5.32 % was achieved in the P(QxCN-T2)-based device. These results demonstrate the significant potential of Qx-based PA s for high-performance all-PSCs and OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoseon You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Felix Sunjoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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17
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Sasaki Y, Fujikawa Y, Takase M, Uno H. Black HPHAC: Synthesis and properties of dinitroHPHAC and its reduced global aromaticity in the dication state. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842462150098x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of functional groups on a [Formula: see text]-conjugated system is one of the most promissing methods to modulate their chemical and physical properties. Here, dinitrohexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (dinitroHPHAC) was synthesized, in which two nitro groups are introduced at the same pyrrole ring. The dinitroHPHAC possesses a large dipole moment ([Formula: see text] = 11.7 D at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)) and showed solvatochromism with decreased HOMO-LUMO energy gap. Interestingly, the colour of the solid is black to the naked eye. The global aromaticity of the dication state is decreased compared with those of pristine HPHAC and mononitroHPHAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshino Fujikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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18
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Theodoridis A, Papamokos G, Wiesenfeldt MP, Wollenburg M, Müllen K, Glorius F, Floudas G. Polarity Matters: Dielectric Relaxation in All- cis-Multifluorinated Cycloalkanes. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:3700-3709. [PMID: 33818098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The polarity of all-cis-multifluorinated cyclohexanes can be fine-tuned by the number and relative orientation of fluoro substituents, giving rise to a series of compounds with strong dipole moments. Simulations provided the energetics, the dipole moments, and the respective molecular polarizabilities, while dielectric spectroscopy gave information on the dielectric permittivities and the molecular dynamics. In special cases, dipole moments in excess of 6 D and dielectric permittivities of over 300 were obtained by simulation and experiment. Melting temperatures within a given family of multifluorinated cyclohexanes were found to scale with the molecular volume. The less-symmetric all-cis-octafluorotetrahydronaphthalene did not readily crystallize, permitting an investigation of the molecular dynamics in an energetically unfavorable yet rigid and facially polarized isomer. The resulting dynamics above the glass temperature conform to the structural α-relaxation and to the celebrated Johari-Goldstein β-relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Papamokos
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mario P Wiesenfeldt
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Wollenburg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece.,University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Institute of Materials Science and Computing, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
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19
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Pelmuş M, Raab JG, Patel HH, Colomier C, Foglia R, Kelty SP, Gorun SM. Electronic, molecular, and solid-state structural effects of strong electron withdrawing and donating groups in functionalized fluorophthalonitriles. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoro phthalonitrile substituted separately with perfluoroalkyl (EWG) and NH2, NHMe, and NMe2 (EDG) groups generate a series of aromatic C-H bonds-free nitriles that can now lose electrons, whose HOMO–LUMO gap is narrowed by EDG beyond the level induced by EWG, and whose dipole moments double. Molecular parameters vary linearly with Hammett’s free-energy constants, their electronic underpinning being uncovered by DFT calculations. The phthalonitriles’ assembling in solid-state structures is determined by forces that transition from van der Waals, in the case of EWG, to H-bonding and/or [Formula: see text]-stacking interactions in the case of EDG, as revealed by their single-crystal X-ray structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Pelmuş
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center For Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Raab
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center for Computational Research, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Hemantbhai H. Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Christopher Colomier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center For Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Ralph Foglia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center For Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Stephen P. Kelty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center for Computational Research, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
| | - Sergiu M. Gorun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
- Center For Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange NJ 07079-2694, USA
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20
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Feng K, Guo H, Wang J, Shi Y, Wu Z, Su M, Zhang X, Son JH, Woo HY, Guo X. Cyano-Functionalized Bithiophene Imide-Based n-Type Polymer Semiconductors: Synthesis, Structure-Property Correlations, and Thermoelectric Performance. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1539-1552. [PMID: 33445867 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
n-Type polymers with deep-positioned lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are essential for enabling n-type organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with high stability and n-type organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) with high doping efficiency and promising thermoelectric performance. Bithiophene imide (BTI) and its derivatives have been demonstrated as promising acceptor units for constructing high-performance n-type polymers. However, the electron-rich thiophene moiety in BTI leads to elevated LUMOs for the resultant polymers and hence limits their n-type performance and intrinsic stability. Herein, we addressed this issue by introducing strong electron-withdrawing cyano functionality on BTI and its derivatives. We have successfully overcome the synthetic challenges and developed a series of novel acceptor building blocks, CNI, CNTI, and CNDTI, which show substantially higher electron deficiencies than does BTI. On the basis of these novel building blocks, acceptor-acceptor type homopolymers and copolymers were successfully synthesized and featured greatly suppressed LUMOs (-3.64 to -4.11 eV) versus that (-3.48 eV) of the control polymer PBTI. Their deep-positioned LUMOs resulted in improved stability in OTFTs and more efficient n-doping in OTEs for the corresponding polymers with a highest electrical conductivity of 23.3 S cm-1 and a power factor of ∼10 μW m-1 K-2. The conductivity and power factor are among the highest values reported for solution-processed molecularly n-doped polymers. The new CNI, CNTI, and CNDTI offer a remarkable platform for constructing n-type polymers, and this study demonstrates that cyano-functionalization of BTI is a very effective strategy for developing polymers with deep-lying LUMOs for high-performance n-type organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Mengyao Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xianhe Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jae Hoon Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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21
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Zhang W, Deng J, Fang Z, Lan D, Liao Y, Zhou X, Liu Q. Promoting charge separation in donor–acceptor conjugated microporous polymers via cyanation for the photocatalytic reductive dehalogenation of chlorides. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have emerged as promising heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic transformations owing to their structural designability and functional versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiyong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Zhengjun Fang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Donghui Lan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Yunfeng Liao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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22
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Vaganova TA, Gatilov YV, Malykhin SE, Pishchur DP, Sukhov M, Zakharov BA, Boldyreva EV, Malykhin EV. Co-crystals of polyhalogenated diaminobenzonitriles with 18-crown-6: effect of fluorine on the stoichiometry and supramolecular structure. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00530h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine in the ortho-position of diaminobenzonitrile promotes the formation of the N–H⋯NC bond which results in a 3D supramolecular structure of the co-crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara A. Vaganova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Yurij V. Gatilov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Sergey E. Malykhin
- Novosibirsk State University
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
| | - Denis P. Pishchur
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Sukhov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - Boris A. Zakharov
- Novosibirsk State University
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
| | - Elena V. Boldyreva
- Novosibirsk State University
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
| | - Evgenij V. Malykhin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 630090 Novosibirsk
- Russian Federation
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23
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Feng X, Sun Z, Pei K, Han W, Wang F, Luo P, Su J, Zuo N, Liu G, Li H, Zhai T. 2D Inorganic Bimolecular Crystals with Strong In-Plane Anisotropy for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003146. [PMID: 32589323 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
2D inorganic bimolecular crystals, consisting of two different inorganic molecules, are expected to possess novel physical and chemical properties due to the synergistic effect of the individual components. However, 2D inorganic bimolecular crystals remain unexploited because of the difficulties in preparation arising from non-typical layered structures and intricate intermolecular interactions. Here, the synthesis of 2D inorganic bimolecular crystal SbI3 ·3S8 nanobelts via a facile vertical microspacing sublimation strategy is reported. The as-synthesized SbI3 ·3S8 nanobelts exhibit strong in-plane anisotropy of phonon vibrations and intramolecular vibrations as well as show anisotropic light absorption with a high dichroism ratio of 3.9. Furthermore, it is revealed that the second harmonic generation intensity of SbI3 ·3S8 nanobelts is highly dependent on the excitation wavelength and crystallographic orientation. This work can inspire the growth of more 2D inorganic bimolecular crystals and excite potential applications for bimolecular optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zongdong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ke Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Peng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Nian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Guiheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Jia J, Feng D, Sha Y, Zhou C, Liang G, She Y. New quinacridone derivatives: Synthesis, photophysical and third-order nonlinear optical properties. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Butscher JF, Intorp S, Kress J, An Q, Hofstetter YJ, Hippchen N, Paulus F, Bunz UHF, Tessler N, Vaynzof Y. Enhancing the Open-Circuit Voltage of Perovskite Solar Cells by Embedding Molecular Dipoles within Their Hole-Blocking Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3572-3579. [PMID: 31799828 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineering the energetics of perovskite photovoltaic devices through deliberate introduction of dipoles to control the built-in potential of the devices offers an opportunity to enhance their performance without the need to modify the active layer itself. In this work, we demonstrate how the incorporation of molecular dipoles into the bathocuproine (BCP) hole-blocking layer of inverted perovskite solar cells improves the device open-circuit voltage (VOC) and, consequently, their performance. We explore a series of four thiaazulenic derivatives that exhibit increasing dipole moments and demonstrate that these molecules can be introduced into the solution-processed BCP layer to effectively increase the built-in potential within the device without altering any of the other device layers. As a result, the VOC of the devices is enhanced by up to 130 mV, with larger dipoles resulting in higher VOC. To investigate the limitations of this approach, we employ numerical device simulations that demonstrate that the highest dipole derivatives used in this work eliminate all limitations on the VOC stemming from the built-in potential of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian F Butscher
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Sebastian Intorp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Joshua Kress
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Qingzhi An
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Yvonne J Hofstetter
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Fabian Paulus
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Nir Tessler
- Sara and Moshe Zisapel Nano-Electronic Center, Department of Electrical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics and the Centre for Advanced Materials , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technical University of Dresden , Nöthnitzer Straße 61 , 01187 Dresden , Germany
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Shi S, Chen P, Chen Y, Feng K, Liu B, Chen J, Liao Q, Tu B, Luo J, Su M, Guo H, Kim MG, Facchetti A, Guo X. A Narrow-Bandgap n-Type Polymer Semiconductor Enabling Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1905161. [PMID: 31566274 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, n-type acceptors in high-performance all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are dominated by imide-functionalized polymers, which typically show medium bandgap. Herein, a novel narrow-bandgap polymer, poly(5,6-dicyano-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-alt-indacenodithiophene) (DCNBT-IDT), based on dicyanobenzothiadiazole without an imide group is reported. The strong electron-withdrawing cyano functionality enables DCNBT-IDT with n-type character and, more importantly, alleviates the steric hindrance associated with typical imide groups. Compared to the benchmark poly(naphthalene diimide-alt-bithiophene) (N2200), DCNBT-IDT shows a narrower bandgap (1.43 eV) with a much higher absorption coefficient (6.15 × 104 cm-1 ). Such properties are elusive for polymer acceptors to date, eradicating the drawbacks inherited in N2200 and other high-performance polymer acceptors. When blended with a wide-bandgap polymer donor, the DCNBT-IDT-based all-PSCs achieve a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 8.32% with a small energy loss of 0.53 eV and a photoresponse of up to 870 nm. Such efficiency greatly outperforms those of N2200 (6.13%) and the naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based analog NDI-IDT (2.19%). This work breaks the long-standing bottlenecks limiting materials innovation of n-type polymers, which paves a new avenue for developing polymer acceptors with improved optoelectronic properties and heralds a brighter future of all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bao Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jiasi Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Mengyao Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Myung-Gil Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Flexterra Corporation, 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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Cammi R. The Role of Computational Chemistry in the Experimental Determination of the Dipole Moment of Molecules in Solution. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:2309-2317. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cammi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of Parma I‐43100 Parma Italy
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Hamer S, Röhricht F, Jakoby M, Howard IA, Zhang X, Näther C, Herges R. Synthesis of dipolar molecular rotors as linkers for metal-organic frameworks. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1331-1338. [PMID: 31293682 PMCID: PMC6604738 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of five dicarboxylic acid-substituted dipolar molecular rotors for the use as linker molecules in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The rotor molecules exhibit very low rotational barriers and decent to very high permanent, charge free dipole moments, as shown by density functional theory calculations on the isolated molecules. Four rotors are fluorescent in the visible region. The linker designs are based on push-pull-substituted phenylene cores with ethynyl spacers as rotational axes, functionalized with carboxylic acid groups for implementation in MOFs. The substituents at the phenylene core are chosen to be small to leave rotational freedom in solids with confined free volumes. The dipole moments are generated by electron-donating substituents (benzo-1,3-dioxole, benzo-1,4-dioxane, or benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole annelation) and withdrawing substituents (difluoro, or dicyano substitution) at the opposite positions of the central phenylene core. A combination of 1,4-dioxane annelation and dicyano substitution generates a theoretically predicted, very high dipole moment of 10.1 Debye. Moreover, the molecules are sufficiently small to fit into cavities of 10 Å3. Hence, the dipolar rotors should be ideally suited as linkers in MOFs with potential applications as ferroelectric materials and for optical signal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hamer
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Fynn Röhricht
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marius Jakoby
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ian A Howard
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Xianghui Zhang
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld,Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
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29
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Patalag LJ, Loch M, Jones PG, Werz DB. Exploring the π-System of the (Aza-)BOIMPY Scaffold: Electron-Rich Pyrrole Moieties Working in Concert with Electron-Depleted Meso-Positions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7804-7814. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Papamokos G, Wudarczyk J, Graf R, Schollmeyer D, Baumgarten M, Müllen K, Floudas G. Dipolar Relaxation in Functionalized Poly- p-phenylenes Bearing Ultrastrong Dipoles Perpendicular to the Backbone. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Papamokos
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jakob Wudarczyk
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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32
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Shi S, Wang H, Chen P, Uddin MA, Wang Y, Tang Y, Guo H, Cheng X, Zhang S, Woo HY, Guo X. Cyano-substituted benzochalcogenadiazole-based polymer semiconductors for balanced ambipolar organic thin-film transistors. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00540k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new cyano-substituted benzochalcogenadiazoles were copolymerized with bithiophene, and the polymers show well balanced ambipolarity in transistors.
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Yan J, Yang Y, Ishida M, Mori S, Zhang B, Feng Y, Furuta H. Organometallic Group 11 (Cu III , Ag III , Au III ) Complexes of a trans-Doubly N-Confused Porphyrin: An "Expanded Imidazole" Structural Motif. Chemistry 2017; 23:11375-11384. [PMID: 28612992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of group 11 metal cations with an α-bis(phenylthio)-substituted trans-doubly N-confused porphyrin (trans-N2 CPSPh : 4) afforded a series of square-planar trivalent organometallic complexes (i.e., Cu-H4, Ag-H4, and Au-H4). The X-ray crystal structures of the complexes revealed highly planar core geometries along with the presence of peripheral amine and imine nitrogen sites of the pyrrolic moieties. NMR, UV/Vis absorption, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies suggested the 18 π-electron aromaticity of the complexes. The aromaticity was also fully analyzed by various theoretical methodologies such as nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) and anisotropic induced current density (ACID) calculations. The central metal affects the amphiprotic character of the complexes possessing both pyrrolic amino nitrogen and imino nitrogen atoms at the periphery, which was examined by the photometric titration with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), respectively. The inherent acidity of the complexes was followed in the order; Cu-H4>Au-H4>Ag-H4 and that of basicity was Au-H4>Ag-H4>Cu-H4. The complexes could be considered as an "expanded imidazole" structural motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University and the Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University and the Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University and the Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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Wudarczyk J, Papamokos G, Marszalek T, Nevolianis T, Schollmeyer D, Pisula W, Floudas G, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Dicyanobenzothiadiazole Derivatives Possessing Switchable Dielectric Permittivities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20527-20535. [PMID: 28562012 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiadiazoles are important electron acceptors and are frequently employed as electron-deficient components of donor-acceptor polymers. We report the effect of nitrile functionalities on the reactivity, steric hindrance, optoelectronic properties, and dielectric permittivity in dicyanobenzothioadiazole (DCNBT). Dielectric spectroscopy in the bulk and in solution assisted by DFT-calculations revealed that these molecules can be engineered to engender maximum values of the dipole moment and of dielectric permittivity due to the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the nitrile groups. The self-assembly in the bulk was investigated by X-ray scattering performed on single crystals, fibers (2D-WAXS), and thin films (GiWAXS). Combining these results, we found a switching of dielectric permittivity of the 4,7-alkylthienyl-substituted dicyanobenzothiadiazole at the transition from the liquid crystalline to the isotropic phase with values capable of competing with the best known rodlike liquid crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wudarczyk
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Papamokos
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Nevolianis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz , 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology , Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina , 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Martin Baumgarten
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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Naumkin FY. Dipoles Inside of Dipoles: Insertion Complexes of Polar versus Nonpolar Molecules in Ion Pairs. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4545-4551. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor Y. Naumkin
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), Oshawa, Ontario L1H 7K4, Canada
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36
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McDowell SA. On the stability of clusters containing all-cis 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Schaub TA, Brülls SM, Dral PO, Hampel F, Maid H, Kivala M. Organic Electron Acceptors Comprising a Dicyanomethylene-Bridged Acridophosphine Scaffold: The Impact of the Heteroatom. Chemistry 2017; 23:6988-6992. [PMID: 28370820 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stable two-electron acceptors comprising a dicyanomethylene-bridged acridophosphine scaffold were synthesized and their reversible reduction potentials were efficiently tuned through derivatization of the phosphorus center. X-ray crystallographic analysis combined with NMR, UV/Vis, IR spectroscopic, and electrochemical studies, supported by theoretical calculations, revealed the crucial role of the phosphorus atom for the unique redox, structural, and photophysical properties of these compounds. The results identify the potential of these electron deficient scaffolds for the development of functional n-type materials and redox active chromophores upon further functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A Schaub
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen M Brülls
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pavlo O Dral
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Maid
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry I, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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Furukawa S, Suda Y, Kobayashi J, Kawashima T, Tada T, Fujii S, Kiguchi M, Saito M. Triphosphasumanene Trisulfide: High Out-of-Plane Anisotropy and Janus-Type π-Surfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5787-5792. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Furukawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yuki Suda
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Junji Kobayashi
- Department
of Natural Science, College of Liberal Arts, International Christian University,
Osawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawashima
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tada
- Materials
Research Center for Element Strategy, Department of Innovative and
Engineered Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8511, Japan
| | - Manabu Kiguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8511, Japan
| | - Masaichi Saito
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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Jones MJ, Callejo R, Slawin AMZ, Bühl M, O'Hagan D. Organofluorine chemistry: Difluoromethylene motifs spaced 1,3 to each other imparts facial polarity to a cyclohexane ring. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 12:2823-2827. [PMID: 28144355 PMCID: PMC5238547 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
2,2-Dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluororocyclohexane has been prepared and characterised as an example of a facially polarised cyclohexane containing 1,3 related CF2 groups. The dipolar nature of the ring arises from the axial orientation of two of the C-F bonds pointing in the same direction, and set by the chair conformation of the cyclohexane. This electrostatic profile is revealed experimentally both in the solid-state (X-ray) packing of the rings and by solution (NMR) in different solvents. A computationally derived electrostatic profile of this compound is consistent with a more electronegative and a more electropositive face of the cyclohexane ring. This placing of CF2 groups 1,3 to each other in a cyclohexane ring is introduced as a new design strategy which could be applicable to the preparation of polar hydrophobic cyclohexane motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew J Jones
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Ricardo Callejo
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David O'Hagan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
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Xie G, Chen D, Li X, Cai X, Li Y, Chen D, Liu K, Zhang Q, Cao Y, Su SJ. Polarity-Tunable Host Materials and Their Applications in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:27920-27930. [PMID: 27652997 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of polarity-tunable host materials were developed based on oligocarbazoles and diphenylphosphine oxide, and their polarities can be tuned through increasing distance of acceptor and donor units. Density functional theory calculations were employed, and photoluminescence spectra in different polar solvents were measured to illustrate different polarities of these host materials. As CZPO has relatively stronger polarity, electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of solution-processed device based on 6 wt % PXZDSO2:CZPO is 7 nm red-shifted relative to that of other host materials based devices. Besides, a comparable impressive external quantum efficiency (EQE) value of 18.7% is achieved for an evaporation-processed yellow device consisting of FCZBn, which is superior to that of the device based on CBP (4,4'-dicarbazolyl-1,1'-biphenyl) (17.0%), and its efficiency roll-off is also obviously reduced, giving an EQE value as high as 16.3% at the luminance of 1000 cd/m2. In addition, from CZPO to FCZBn as the polarities of host materials decrease, EL spectra of solution-processed devices based on DMAC-DPS emitter blue-shift constantly from 496 to 470 nm. The current work gives a constructive approach to control EL spectra of organic light-emitting diodes with a fixed thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter by tuning the polarities of host materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaozhan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dongjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xianglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yunchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dongcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
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41
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Nakamura K, Yasuda N, Maeda H. Dimension-controlled assemblies of modified bipyrroles stabilized by electron-withdrawing moieties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:7157-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03423c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzoyl-substituted bipyrroles possessing aliphatic chains were synthesized and formed a variety of dimension-controlled assembled structures as mesophases using various intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Life Sciences
- Ritsumeikan University
- Kusatsu 525–8577
- Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Research and Utilization Division
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute
- Sayo 679–5198
- Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Life Sciences
- Ritsumeikan University
- Kusatsu 525–8577
- Japan
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