1
|
Yang L, Li J, Zhang D, Liu Y, Hu Q. Deviatoric stress-induced metallization, layer reconstruction and collapse of van der Waals bonded zirconium disulfide. Commun Chem 2024; 7:141. [PMID: 38909153 PMCID: PMC11193816 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to two-dimensional (2D) monolayer materials, van der Waals layered transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit rich polymorphism, making them promising candidates for novel superconductor, topological insulators and electrochemical catalysts. Here, we highlight the role of hydrostatic pressure on the evolution of electronic and crystal structures of layered ZrS2. Under deviatoric stress, our electrical experiments demonstrate a semiconductor-to-metal transition above 30.2 GPa, while quasi-hydrostatic compression postponed the metallization to 38.9 GPa. Both X-ray diffraction and Raman results reveal structural phase transitions different from those under hydrostatic pressure. Under deviatoric stress, ZrS2 rearranges the original ZrS6 octahedra into ZrS8 cuboids at 5.5 GPa, in which the unique cuboids coordination of Zr atoms is thermodynamically metastable. The structure collapses to a partially disordered phase at 17.4 GPa. These complex phase transitions present the importance of deviatoric stress on the highly tunable electronic properties of ZrS2 with possible implications for optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linfei Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 100193, Beijing, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen, 333403, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junwei Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Dongzhou Zhang
- Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Yuegao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 100193, Beijing, China.
- Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences (SHARPS), Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin J, Liu X, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, She W, Yang G. Theoretical Study on the Structures and Electronic Properties of Tungsten Fluorides at High Pressures. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300615. [PMID: 38243367 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal fluorides are a series of strong oxidizing agents. Tungsten (W) fluorides, particularly WF6, have shown broad applications such as luminescence and fluorinating agent. However, other stoichiometries of W fluorides have rarely been studied. It is well-known that pressure can induce structural phase transition, stabilize new compounds, and produce novel properties. In this work, the high-pressure phases of W-F were searched systematically at the pressure range of 0-200 GPa through first-principles swarm-intelligence structural search calculations. A new stoichiometry of WF4 has been predicted to be stable under high pressures. On the other hand, two new high-pressure phases of WF6 with the symmetries ofP 2 1 ${{P2}_{1}}$ /m and P ${P}$ -1 were found with decahedral structural units. The electronic properties of the W-F compounds were then investigated. The predicted stable WF6 high-pressure phases maintain semiconducting features, since the W atom provides all its valence electrons to fluorine. We evaluated the oxidizing ability of WF6 by calculating its electron affinity potential. The high pressureP 2 1 ${{P2}_{1}}$ /m WF6 molecular phase shows higher oxidation capacity than the ambient phase. The built pressure-composition phase diagram and the theoretical results of W-F system provide some useful information for experimental synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Lin
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yusen Zhao
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Weihan She
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Guangmin Yang
- College of Physics, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Widera A, Thöny D, Aebli M, Oppenheim JJ, Andrews JL, Eiler F, Wörle M, Schönberg H, Weferling N, Dincǎ M, Grützmacher H. Solid-State Investigation, Storage, and Separation of Pyrophoric PH 3 and P 2 H 4 with α-Mg Formate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217534. [PMID: 36645673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphane, PH3 -a highly pyrophoric and toxic gas-is frequently contaminated with H2 and P2 H4 , which makes its handling even more dangerous. The inexpensive metal-organic framework (MOF) magnesium formate, α-[Mg(O2 CH)2 ], can adsorb up to 10 wt % of PH3 . The PH3 -loaded MOF, PH3 @α-[Mg(O2 CH)2 ], is a non-pyrophoric, recoverable material that even allows brief handling in air, thereby minimizing the hazards associated with the handling and transport of phosphane. α-[Mg(O2 CH)2 ] further plays a critical role in purifying PH3 from H2 and P2 H4 : at 25 °C, H2 passes through the MOF channels without adsorption, whereas PH3 adsorbs readily and only slowly desorbs under a flow of inert gas (complete desorption time≈6 h). Diphosphane, P2 H4 , is strongly adsorbed and trapped within the MOF for at least 4 months. P2 H4 @α-[Mg(O2 CH)2 ] itself is not pyrophoric and is air- and light-stable at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Widera
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Debora Thöny
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Aebli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julius Jacob Oppenheim
- MIT Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA-02139 18-393, USA
| | - Justin L Andrews
- MIT Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA-02139 18-393, USA
| | - Frederik Eiler
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wörle
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Schönberg
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mircea Dincǎ
- MIT Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA-02139 18-393, USA
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Belli F, Novoa T, Contreras-García J, Errea I. Strong correlation between electronic bonding network and critical temperature in hydrogen-based superconductors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5381. [PMID: 34531389 PMCID: PMC8446067 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
By analyzing structural and electronic properties of more than a hundred predicted hydrogen-based superconductors, we determine that the capacity of creating an electronic bonding network between localized units is key to enhance the critical temperature in hydrogen-based superconductors. We define a magnitude named as the networking value, which correlates with the predicted critical temperature better than any other descriptor analyzed thus far. By classifying the studied compounds according to their bonding nature, we observe that such correlation is bonding-type independent, showing a broad scope and generality. Furthermore, combining the networking value with the hydrogen fraction in the system and the hydrogen contribution to the density of states at the Fermi level, we can predict the critical temperature of hydrogen-based compounds with an accuracy of about 60 K. Such correlation is useful to screen new superconducting compounds and offers a deeper understating of the chemical and physical properties of hydrogen-based superconductors, while setting clear paths for chemically engineering their critical temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Belli
- grid.482265.f0000 0004 1762 5146Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Trinidad Novoa
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT), Sorbonne Université CNRS, Paris, France
| | - J. Contreras-García
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT), Sorbonne Université CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ion Errea
- grid.482265.f0000 0004 1762 5146Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.452382.a0000 0004 1768 3100Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bi T, Shamp A, Terpstra T, Hemley RJ, Zurek E. The Li-F-H ternary system at high pressures. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124709. [PMID: 33810644 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary crystal structure prediction searches have been employed to explore the ternary Li-F-H system at 300 GPa. Metastable phases were uncovered within the static lattice approximation, with LiF3H2, LiF2H, Li3F4H, LiF4H4, Li2F3H, and LiF3H lying within 50 meV/atom of the 0 K convex hull. All of these phases contain HnFn+1 - (n = 1, 2) anions and Li+ cations. Other structural motifs such as LiF slabs, H3 + molecules, and Fδ- ions are present in some of the low enthalpy Li-F-H structures. The bonding within the HnFn+1 - molecules, which may be bent or linear, symmetric or asymmetric, is analyzed. The five phases closest to the hull are insulators, while LiF3H is metallic and predicted to have a vanishingly small superconducting critical temperature. Li3F4H is predicted to be stable at zero pressure. This study lays the foundation for future investigations of the role of temperature and anharmonicity on the stability and properties of compounds and alloys in the Li-F-H ternary system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Bi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Andrew Shamp
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Tyson Terpstra
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ceppatelli M, Scelta D, Serrano-Ruiz M, Dziubek K, Garbarino G, Jacobs J, Mezouar M, Bini R, Peruzzini M. High pressure synthesis of phosphine from the elements and the discovery of the missing (PH 3) 2H 2 tile. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6125. [PMID: 33257669 PMCID: PMC7705733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure reactivity of phosphorus and hydrogen is relevant to fundamental chemistry, energy conversion and storage, and materials science. Here we report the synthesis of (PH3)2H2, a crystalline van der Waals (vdW) compound (I4cm) made of PH3 and H2 molecules, in a Diamond Anvil Cell by direct catalyst-free high pressure (1.2 GPa) and high temperature (T ≲ 1000 K) chemical reaction of black phosphorus and liquid hydrogen, followed by room T compression above 3.5 GPa. Group 15 elements were previously not known to form H2-containing vdW compounds of their molecular hydrides. The observation of (PH3)2H2, identified by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR, Raman), therefore represents the discovery of a previously missing tile, specifically corresponding to P for pnictogens, in the ability of non-metallic elements to form such compounds. Significant chemical implications encompass reactivity of the elements under extreme conditions, with the observation of the P analogue of the Haber-Bosch reaction for N, fundamental bond theory, and predicted high pressure superconductivity in P-H systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ceppatelli
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Demetrio Scelta
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Kamil Dziubek
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jeroen Jacobs
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Mezouar
- ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- ICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan Y, Bi T, Geng N, Wang X, Zurek E. A Metastable CaSH 3 Phase Composed of HS Honeycomb Sheets that is Superconducting Under Pressure. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9629-9636. [PMID: 33125247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary searches have predicted a number of ternary Ca-S-H phases that could be synthesized at pressures of 100-300 GPa. P63/mmc CaSH2, Pnma CaSH2, Cmc21 CaSH6, and I4̅ CaSH20 were composed of a Ca-S lattice along with H2 molecules coordinated in a "side-on" fashion to Ca. The H-H bond lengths in these semiconducting phases were elongated because of H2 σ → Ca d donation, and Ca d → H2 σ* back-donation, via a Kubas-like mechanism. P6̅m2 CaSH3, consisting of two-dimensional HS and CaH2 sheets, was metastable and metallic above 128 GPa. The presence of van Hove singularities increased its density of states at the Fermi level and concomitantly the superconducting critical temperature, which was estimated to be as high as ∼100 K at 128 GPa. This work will inspire the search for superconductivity in materials based upon honeycomb HX (X = S, Se, Te) and MH2 (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) layers under pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
- School of Sciences, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Tiange Bi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Nisha Geng
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yuan Y, Li Y, Fang G, Liu G, Pei C, Li X, Zheng H, Yang K, Wang L. Stoichiometric evolutions of PH 3 under high pressure: implication for high- T c superconducting hydrides. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:524-531. [PMID: 34691901 PMCID: PMC8291478 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The superconductivity of hydrides under high pressure has attracted a great deal of attention since the recent observation of the superconducting transition at 203 K in strongly compressed H2S. It has been realized that the stoichiometry of hydrides might change under high pressure, which is crucial in understanding the superconducting mechanism. In this study, PH3 was studied to understand its superconducting transition and stoichiometry under high pressure using Raman, IR and X-ray diffraction measurements, as well as theoretical calculations. PH3 is stable below 11.7 GPa and then it starts to dehydrogenate through two dimerization processes at room temperature and pressures up to 25 GPa. Two resulting phosphorus hydrides, P2H4 and P4H6, were verified experimentally and can be recovered to ambient pressure. Under further compression above 35 GPa, the P4H6 directly decomposed into elemental phosphorus. Low temperature can greatly hinder polymerization/decomposition under high pressure and retains P4H6 up to at least 205 GPa. The superconductivity transition temperature of P4H6 is predicted to be 67 K at 200 GPa, which agrees with the reported result, suggesting that it might be responsible for superconductivity at higher pressures. Our results clearly show that P2H4 and P4H6 are the only stable P-H compounds between PH3 and elemental phosphorus, which is helpful for shedding light on the superconducting mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yinwei Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Guoyong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Guangtao Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cuiying Pei
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin J, Zhao Z, Liu C, Zhang J, Du X, Yang G, Ma Y. IrF8 Molecular Crystal under High Pressure. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5409-5414. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Lin
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xin Du
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics and International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|