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Li R, Xu D, Du C, Ma Q, Zhang F, Liang X, Wang D, Shi Z, Liu W, Zhou D. Giant dielectric tunability in ferroelectric ceramics with ultralow loss by ion substitution design. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3754. [PMID: 38704395 PMCID: PMC11069505 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their responsiveness to modulation by external direct current fields, dielectric tunable materials are extensively utilized in integrated components, such as ferroelectric phase shifters. Barium strontium titanate ceramics have been considered the most potential tunable materials for a long time. However, the significant dielectric loss and high voltage drive have limited their further applications. Recently, Bi6Ti5WO22 ceramic has regained attention for its high dielectric tunability with low loss. In this study, we judiciously introduce Nb5+ with a larger ionic radius, replacing Ti4+ and W6+. This successful substitution enables the modulation of the phase transition temperature of Bi6Ti5WO22 ceramics to room temperature, resulting in superior tunable properties. Specifically, the 0.7Bi6Ti5WO22-0.3Bi6Ti4Nb2O22 ceramics exhibit giant tunability (~75.6%) with ultralow loss (<0.002) under a low electric field (1.5 kV/mm). This tunability is twice that of barium strontium titanate ceramics with a similar dielectric constant and only one-tenth of the loss. Neutron powder diffraction and transmission-electron-microscopy illustrate the nanodomains and micro-strains influenced by ion substitution. Density functional theory simulation calculations reveal the contribution of ion substitution to polarization. The research provides an ideal substitute for tunable material and a general strategy for adjusting phase transition temperature to improve dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Li
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Diming Xu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Chao Du
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Microelectronics & State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xu Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Dawei Wang
- School of Microelectronics & State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Zhongqi Shi
- School of Microelectronics & State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory & Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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2
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Fujino T, Kameyama R, Onozuka K, Matsuo K, Dekura S, Miyamoto T, Guo Z, Okamoto H, Nakamura T, Yoshimi K, Kitou S, Arima TH, Sato H, Yamamoto K, Takahashi A, Sawa H, Nakamura Y, Mori H. Orbital hybridization of donor and acceptor to enhance the conductivity of mixed-stack complexes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3028. [PMID: 38627402 PMCID: PMC11021477 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mixed-stack complexes which comprise columns of alternating donors and acceptors are organic conductors with typically poor electrical conductivity because they are either in a neutral or highly ionic state. This indicates that conductive carriers are insufficient or are mainly localized. In this study, mixed-stack complexes that uniquely exist at the neutral-ionic boundary were synthesized by combining donors (bis(3,4-ethylenedichalcogenothiophene)) and acceptors (fluorinated tetracyanoquinodimethanes) with similar energy levels and orbital symmetry between the highest occupied molecular orbital of the donor and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the acceptor. Surprisingly, the orbitals were highly hybridized in the single-crystal complexes, enhancing the room-temperature conductivity (10-4-0.1 S cm-1) of mixed-stack complexes. Specifically, the maximum conductivity was the highest reported for single-crystal mixed-stack complexes under ambient pressures. The unique electronic structures at the neutral-ionic boundary exhibited structural perturbations between their electron-itinerant and localized states, causing abrupt temperature-dependent changes in their electrical, optical, dielectric, and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Fujino
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Kameyama
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kota Onozuka
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsuo
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Shun Dekura
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Zijing Guo
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Nakamura
- Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yoshimi
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kitou
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Taka-Hisa Arima
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubara, Akishima, Tokyo, 196-8666, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sawa
- Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuiga Nakamura
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Hatsumi Mori
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
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3
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Ramzan I, Borowiec J, Parkin IP, Carmalt CJ. Transparent Conductive Titanium and Fluorine Co-doped Zinc Oxide Films. Chempluschem 2024:e202400073. [PMID: 38591711 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) was used to deposit highly transparent and conductive titanium or fluorine-doped and titanium-fluorine co-doped ZnO thin films on glass substrate at 450 °C. All films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), and four-point probe. The films were 600-680 nm thick, crystalline, and highly transparent (80-87 %). The co-doped film consisted of 0.70 at % titanium and 1 at % fluorine, and displayed a charger carrier mobility, charge carrier concentration, and a minimum resistivity of 8.4 cm2 V-1 s-1, 3.97×1020 cm-3, and 1.69×10-3 Ω cm, respectively. A band gap of 3.6 eV was observed for the co-doped film. Compared to the undoped and singly doped films, the co-doped film displayed a notably higher structure morphology (more homogenous grains with well-defined boundaries) suitable for transparent conducting oxide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Ramzan
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Joanna Borowiec
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Claire J Carmalt
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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Ochi J, Yamasaki Y, Tanaka K, Kondo Y, Isayama K, Oda S, Kondo M, Hatakeyama T. Highly efficient multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence material toward a BT.2020 deep-blue emitter. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2361. [PMID: 38565868 PMCID: PMC10987657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
An ultrapure deep-blue multi-resonance-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence material (DOB2-DABNA-A) is designed and synthesized. Benefiting from a fully resonating extended helical π-conjugated system, this compound has a small ΔEST value of 3.6 meV and sufficient spin-orbit coupling to exhibit a high-rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing (kRISC = 1.1 × 106 s-1). Furthermore, an organic light-emitting diode employing DOB2-DABNA-A as an emitter is fabricated; it exhibits ultrapure deep-blue emission at 452 nm with a small full width at half maximum of 24 nm, corresponding to Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.145, 0.049). The high kRISC value reduces the efficiency roll-off, resulting in a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.6% at 1000 cd m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Ochi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Kojiro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondo
- SK JNC Japan Co., Ltd., 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Kohei Isayama
- SK JNC Japan Co., Ltd., 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Susumu Oda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kondo
- JNC Co., Ltd., 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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5
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Wu Y, Yuan Y, Sorbelli D, Cheng C, Michalek L, Cheng HW, Jindal V, Zhang S, LeCroy G, Gomez ED, Milner ST, Salleo A, Galli G, Asbury JB, Toney MF, Bao Z. Tuning polymer-backbone coplanarity and conformational order to achieve high-performance printed all-polymer solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2170. [PMID: 38461153 PMCID: PMC10924936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) offer improved morphological and mechanical stability compared with those containing small-molecule-acceptors (SMAs). They can be processed with a broader range of conditions, making them desirable for printing techniques. In this study, we report a high-performance polymer acceptor design based on bithiazole linker (PY-BTz) that are on par with SMAs. We demonstrate that bithiazole induces a more coplanar and ordered conformation compared to bithiophene due to the synergistic effect of non-covalent backbone planarization and reduced steric encumbrances. As a result, PY-BTz shows a significantly higher efficiency of 16.4% in comparison to the polymer acceptors based on commonly used thiophene-based linkers (i.e., PY-2T, 9.8%). Detailed analyses reveal that this improvement is associated with enhanced conjugation along the backbone and closer interchain π-stacking, resulting in higher charge mobilities, suppressed charge recombination, and reduced energetic disorder. Remarkably, an efficiency of 14.7% is realized for all-PSCs that are solution-sheared in ambient conditions, which is among the highest for devices prepared under conditions relevant to scalable printing techniques. This work uncovers a strategy for promoting backbone conjugation and planarization in emerging polymer acceptors that can lead to superior all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Diego Sorbelli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Christina Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lukas Michalek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Vishal Jindal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Garrett LeCroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Scott T Milner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - John B Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Materials Science Program, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA.
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6
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Zhang Z, Pham HDM, Perepichka DF, Khaliullin RZ. Prediction of highly stable 2D carbon allotropes based on azulenoid kekulene. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1953. [PMID: 38438387 PMCID: PMC10912223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous interest in two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes, discovering stable 2D carbon structures with practically useful electronic properties presents a significant challenge. Computational modeling in this work shows that fusing azulene-derived macrocycles - azulenoid kekulenes (AK) - into graphene leads to the most stable 2D carbon allotropes reported to date, excluding graphene. Density functional theory predicts that placing the AK units in appropriate relative positions in the graphene lattice opens the 0.54 eV electronic bandgap and leads to the appearance of the remarkable 0.80 eV secondary gap between conduction bands - a feature that is rare in 2D carbon allotropes but is known to enhance light absorption and emission in 3D semiconductors. Among porous AK structures, one material stands out as a stable narrow-multigap (0.36 and 0.56 eV) semiconductor with light charge carriers (me = 0.17 m0, mh = 0.19 m0), whereas its boron nitride analog is a wide-multigap (1.51 and 0.82 eV) semiconductor with light carriers (me = 0.39 m0, mh = 0.32 m0). The multigap engineering strategy proposed here can be applied to other carbon nanostructures creating novel 2D materials for electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, H3A 0B8, QC, Canada
| | - Hanh D M Pham
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, H3A 0B8, QC, Canada
| | - Dmytro F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, H3A 0B8, QC, Canada.
| | - Rustam Z Khaliullin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, H3A 0B8, QC, Canada.
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7
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Said AA, Aydin E, Ugur E, Xu Z, Deger C, Vishal B, Vlk A, Dally P, Yildirim BK, Azmi R, Liu J, Jackson EA, Johnson HM, Gui M, Richter H, Pininti AR, Bristow H, Babics M, Razzaq A, Allen TG, Ledinský M, Yavuz I, Rand BP, De Wolf S. Sublimed C 60 for efficient and repeatable perovskite-based solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:708. [PMID: 38267408 PMCID: PMC10808237 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermally evaporated C60 is a near-ubiquitous electron transport layer in state-of-the-art p-i-n perovskite-based solar cells. As perovskite photovoltaic technologies are moving toward industrialization, batch-to-batch reproducibility of device performances becomes crucial. Here, we show that commercial as-received (99.75% pure) C60 source materials may coalesce during repeated thermal evaporation processes, jeopardizing such reproducibility. We find that the coalescence is due to oxygen present in the initial source powder and leads to the formation of deep states within the perovskite bandgap, resulting in a systematic decrease in solar cell performance. However, further purification (through sublimation) of the C60 to 99.95% before evaporation is found to hinder coalescence, with the associated solar cell performances being fully reproducible after repeated processing. We verify the universality of this behavior on perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells by demonstrating their open-circuit voltages and fill factors to remain at 1950 mV and 81% respectively, over eight repeated processes using the same sublimed C60 source material. Notably, one of these cells achieved a certified power conversion efficiency of 30.9%. These findings provide insights crucial for the advancement of perovskite photovoltaic technologies towards scaled production with high process yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Said
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Erkan Aydin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Esma Ugur
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhaojian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Caner Deger
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Badri Vishal
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleš Vlk
- Laboratory of Nanostructures and Nanomaterials, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v. v. i., Cukrovarnická 10, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pia Dally
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bumin K Yildirim
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Randi Azmi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiang Liu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Holly M Johnson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Manting Gui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | | | - Anil R Pininti
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Helen Bristow
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maxime Babics
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arsalan Razzaq
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas G Allen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin Ledinský
- Laboratory of Nanostructures and Nanomaterials, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v. v. i., Cukrovarnická 10, Prague, 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ilhan Yavuz
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Liu Y, Wang C, Liu Z, Qu X, Gai Y, Xue J, Chao S, Huang J, Wu Y, Li Y, Luo D, Li Z. Self-encapsulated ionic fibers based on stress-induced adaptive phase transition for non-contact depth-of-field camouflage sensing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:663. [PMID: 38253700 PMCID: PMC10803323 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ionically conductive fibers have promising applications; however, complex processing techniques and poor stability limit their practicality. To overcome these challenges, we proposed a stress-induced adaptive phase transition strategy to conveniently fabricate self-encapsulated hydrogel-based ionically conductive fibers (se-HICFs). se-HICFs can be produced simply by directly stretching ionic hydrogels with ultra-stretchable networks (us-IHs) or by dip-drawing from molten us-IHs. During this process, stress facilitated the directional migration and evaporation of water molecules in us-IHs, causing a phase transition in the surface layer of ionic fibers to achieve self-encapsulation. The resulting sheath-core structure of se-HICFs enhanced mechanical strength and stability while endowing se-HICFs with powerful non-contact electrostatic induction capabilities. Mimicking nature, se-HICFs were woven into spider web structures and camouflaged in wild environments to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution 3D depth-of-field sensing for different moving media. This work opens up a convenient route to fabricate stable functionalized ionic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xuecheng Qu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yansong Gai
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Jiangtao Xue
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Life Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shengyu Chao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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9
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Chen J, Liu Y, Chen F, Guo M, Zhou J, Fu P, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang H, Hua W, Chen J, Hu J, Mao Y, Jin D, Bu W. Non-Faradaic optoelectrodes for safe electrical neuromodulation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:405. [PMID: 38195782 PMCID: PMC10776784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale optoelectrodes hold the potential to stimulate optically individual neurons and intracellular organelles, a challenge that demands both a high-density of photoelectron storage and significant charge injection. Here, we report that zinc porphyrin, commonly used in dye-sensitized solar cells, can be self-assembled into nanorods and then coated by TiO2. The J-aggregated zinc porphyrin array enables long-range exciton diffusion and allows for fast electron transfer into TiO2. The formation of TiO2(e-) attracts positive charges around the neuron membrane, contributing to the induction of action potentials. Far-field cranial irradiation of the motor cortex using a 670 nm laser or an 850 nm femtosecond laser can modulate local neuronal firing and trigger motor responses in the hind limb of mice. The pulsed photoelectrical stimulation of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus alleviates parkinsonian symptoms in mice, improving abnormal stepping and enhancing the activity of dopaminergic neurons. Our results suggest injectable nanoscopic optoelectrodes for optical neuromodulation with high efficiency and negligible side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Feixiang Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mengnan Guo
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - He Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Sate Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China.
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia.
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, P.R. China.
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200041, China.
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10
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Dunlap-Shohl WA, Tabassum N, Zhang P, Shiby E, Beratan DN, Waldeck DH. Electron-donating functional groups strengthen ligand-induced chiral imprinting on CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. Sci Rep 2024; 14:336. [PMID: 38172244 PMCID: PMC10764765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral perovskite nanoparticles and films are promising for integration in emerging spintronic and optoelectronic technologies, yet few design rules exist to guide the development of chiral material properties. The chemical space of potential building blocks for these nanostructures is vast, and the mechanisms through which organic ligands can impart chirality to the inorganic perovskite lattice are not well understood. In this work, we investigate how the properties of chiral ammonium ligands, the most common organic ligand type used with perovskites, affect the circular dichroism of strongly quantum confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. We show that aromatic ammonium ligands with stronger electron-donating groups lead to higher-intensity circular dichroism associated with the lowest-energy excitonic transition of the perovskite nanocrystal. We argue that this behavior is best explained by a modulation of the exciton wavefunction overlap between the nanocrystal and the organic ligand, as the functional groups on the ligand can shift electron density toward the organic species-perovskite lattice interface to increase the imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazifa Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, 27708, USA
| | - Elizabeth Shiby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
| | - David N Beratan
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, 27705, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, 27710, USA
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA.
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11
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Song M, Kim Y, Baek DS, Kim HY, Gu DH, Li H, Cunning BV, Yang SE, Heo SH, Lee S, Kim M, Lim JS, Jeong HY, Yoo JW, Joo SH, Ruoff RS, Kim JY, Son JS. 3D microprinting of inorganic porous materials by chemical linking-induced solidification of nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8460. [PMID: 38123571 PMCID: PMC10733400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) microprinting is considered a next-generation manufacturing process for the production of microscale components; however, the narrow range of suitable materials, which include mainly polymers, is a critical issue that limits the application of this process to functional inorganic materials. Herein, we develop a generalised microscale 3D printing method for the production of purely inorganic nanocrystal-based porous materials. Our process is designed to solidify all-inorganic nanocrystals via immediate dispersibility control and surface linking-induced interconnection in the nonsolvent linker bath and thereby creates multibranched gel networks. The process works with various inorganic materials, including metals, semiconductors, magnets, oxides, and multi-materials, not requiring organic binders or stereolithographic equipment. Filaments with a diameter of sub-10 μm are printed into designed complex 3D microarchitectures, which exhibit full nanocrystal functionality and high specific surface areas as well as hierarchical porous structures. This approach provides the platform technology for designing functional inorganics-based porous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Du San Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 14-gil 5 Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hwi Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin V Cunning
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwae Heo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyuk Kim
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - June Sung Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Hydrogen·Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 14-gil 5 Hwarang-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Sung Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Liu T, Heimonen J, Zhang Q, Yang CY, Huang JD, Wu HY, Stoeckel MA, van der Pol TPA, Li Y, Jeong SY, Marks A, Wang XY, Puttisong Y, Shimolo AY, Liu X, Zhang S, Li Q, Massetti M, Chen WM, Woo HY, Pei J, McCulloch I, Gao F, Fahlman M, Kroon R, Fabiano S. Ground-state electron transfer in all-polymer donor:acceptor blends enables aqueous processing of water-insoluble conjugated polymers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8454. [PMID: 38114560 PMCID: PMC10730874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Water-based conductive inks are vital for the sustainable manufacturing and widespread adoption of organic electronic devices. Traditional methods to produce waterborne conductive polymers involve modifying their backbone with hydrophilic side chains or using surfactants to form and stabilize aqueous nanoparticle dispersions. However, these chemical approaches are not always feasible and can lead to poor material/device performance. Here, we demonstrate that ground-state electron transfer (GSET) between donor and acceptor polymers allows the processing of water-insoluble polymers from water. This approach enables macromolecular charge-transfer salts with 10,000× higher electrical conductivities than pristine polymers, low work function, and excellent thermal/solvent stability. These waterborne conductive films have technological implications for realizing high-performance organic solar cells, with efficiency and stability superior to conventional metal oxide electron transport layers, and organic electrochemical neurons with biorealistic firing frequency. Our findings demonstrate that GSET offers a promising avenue to develop water-based conductive inks for various applications in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefeng Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Johanna Heimonen
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Qilun Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Chi-Yuan Yang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Jun-Da Huang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Han-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Tom P A van der Pol
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Adam Marks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuttapoom Puttisong
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Asaminew Y Shimolo
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Xianjie Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Silan Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Qifan Li
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Matteo Massetti
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Weimin M Chen
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Feng Gao
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Renee Kroon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden.
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13
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Mostaghimi M, Pacheco Hernandez H, Jiang Y, Wenzel W, Heinke L, Kozlowska M. On-off conduction photoswitching in modelled spiropyran-based metal-organic frameworks. Commun Chem 2023; 6:275. [PMID: 38110545 PMCID: PMC10728195 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Materials with photoswitchable electronic properties and conductance values that can be reversibly changed over many orders of magnitude are highly desirable. Metal-organic framework (MOF) films functionalized with photoresponsive spiropyran molecules demonstrated the general possibility to switch the conduction by light with potentially large on-off-ratios. However, the fabrication of MOF materials in a trial-and-error approach is cumbersome and would benefit significantly from in silico molecular design. Based on the previous proof-of-principle investigation, here, we design photoswitchable MOFs which incorporate spiropyran photoswitches at controlled positions with defined intermolecular distances and orientations. Using multiscale modelling and automated workflow protocols, four MOF candidates are characterized and their potential for photoswitching the conductivity is explored. Using ab initio calculations of the electronic coupling between the molecules in the MOF, we show that lattice distances and vibrational flexibility tremendously modulate the possible conduction photoswitching between spiropyran- and merocyanine-based MOFs upon light absorption, resulting in average on-off ratios higher than 530 and 4200 for p- and n-conduction switching, respectively. Further functionalization of the photoswitches with electron-donating/-withdrawing groups is demonstrated to shift the energy levels of the frontier orbitals, permitting a guided design of new spiropyran-based photoswitches towards controlled modification between electron and hole conduction in a MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mersad Mostaghimi
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Helmy Pacheco Hernandez
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yunzhe Jiang
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lars Heinke
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Mariana Kozlowska
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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14
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Prasoon A, Yang H, Hambsch M, Nguyen NN, Chung S, Müller A, Wang Z, Lan T, Fontaine P, Kühne TD, Cho K, Nia AS, Mannsfeld SCB, Dong R, Feng X. On-water surface synthesis of electronically coupled 2D polyimide-MoS 2 van der Waals heterostructure. Commun Chem 2023; 6:280. [PMID: 38104228 PMCID: PMC10725426 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The water surface provides a highly effective platform for the synthesis of two-dimensional polymers (2DP). In this study, we present an efficient on-water surface synthesis of crystalline monolayer 2D polyimide (2DPI) through the imidization reaction between tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (M1) and perylenetracarboxylic dianhydride (M2), resulting in excellent stability and coverage over a large area (tens of cm2). We further fabricate innovative organic-inorganic hybrid van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) by combining with exfoliated few-layer molybdenum sulfide (MoS2). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveals face-to-face stacking between MoS2 and 2DPI within the vdWH. This stacking configuration facilitates remarkable charge transfer and noticeable n-type doping effects from monolayer 2DPI to MoS2, as corroborated by Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence measurements, and field-effect transistor (FET) characterizations. Notably, the 2DPI-MoS2 vdWH exhibits an impressive electron mobility of 50 cm2/V·s, signifying a substantial improvement over pristine MoS2 (8 cm2/V·s). This study unveils the immense potential of integrating 2D polymers to enhance semiconductor device functionality through tailored vdWHs, thereby opening up exciting new avenues for exploring unique interfacial physical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Prasoon
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, D-06120, Germany
| | - Hyejung Yang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mike Hambsch
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nguyen Ngan Nguyen
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, D-06120, Germany
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Alina Müller
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, D-06120, Germany
| | - Tianshu Lan
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, D-06120, Germany
| | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Thomas D Kühne
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Chair of Computational System Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Shaygan Nia
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, D-06120, Germany.
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15
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Kim JH, Halaksa R, Jo IY, Ahn H, Gilhooly-Finn PA, Lee I, Park S, Nielsen CB, Yoon MH. Peculiar transient behaviors of organic electrochemical transistors governed by ion injection directionality. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7577. [PMID: 38016963 PMCID: PMC10684893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing interest in dynamic behaviors at the frequency domain, there exist very few studies on molecular orientation-dependent transient responses of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors. In this research, we investigated the effect of ion injection directionality on transient electrochemical transistor behaviors by developing a model mixed conductor system. Two polymers with similar electrical, ionic, and electrochemical characteristics but distinct backbone planarities and molecular orientations were successfully synthesized by varying the co-monomer unit (2,2'-bithiophene or phenylene) in conjunction with a novel 1,4-dithienylphenylene-based monomer. The comprehensive electrochemical analysis suggests that the molecular orientation affects the length of the ion-drift pathway, which is directly correlated with ion mobility, resulting in peculiar OECT transient responses. These results provide the general insight into molecular orientation-dependent ion movement characteristics as well as high-performance device design principles with fine-tuned transient responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Roman Halaksa
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Il-Young Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Inho Lee
- Department of Intelligence Semiconductor Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Park
- Department of Intelligence Semiconductor Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Christian B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Myung-Han Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Liu S, Zeng J, Wu Z, Hu H, Xu A, Huang X, Chen W, Chen Q, Yu Z, Zhao Y, Wang R, Han T, Li C, Gao P, Kim H, Baik SJ, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Zhou P, Liu G. An ultrasmall organic synapse for neuromorphic computing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7655. [PMID: 37996491 PMCID: PMC10667342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
High-performance organic neuromorphic devices with miniaturized device size and computing capability are essential elements for developing brain-inspired humanoid intelligence technique. However, due to the structural inhomogeneity of most organic materials, downscaling of such devices to nanoscale and their high-density integration into compact matrices with reliable device performance remain challenging at the moment. Herein, based on the design of a semicrystalline polymer PBFCL10 with ordered structure to regulate dense and uniform formation of conductive nanofilaments, we realize an organic synapse with the smallest device dimension of 50 nm and highest integration size of 1 Kb reported thus far. The as-fabricated PBFCL10 synapses can switch between 32 conductance states linearly with a high cycle-to-cycle uniformity of 98.89% and device-to-device uniformity of 99.71%, which are the best results of organic devices. A mixed-signal neuromorphic hardware system based on the organic neuromatrix and FPGA controller is implemented to execute spiking-plasticity-related algorithm for decision-making tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhi Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Han Hu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ao Xu
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiaohe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qilai Chen
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Yinyu Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Tingting Han
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Pingqi Gao
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17579, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Baik
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17579, Korea
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Zhang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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17
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Kotowicz S, Małecki JG, Cytarska J, Baranowska-Łączkowska A, Siwy M, Łączkowski KZ, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Schab-Balcerzak E. Effect of N-phenyl substituent on thermal, optical, electrochemical and luminescence properties of 3-aminophthalimide derivatives. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19801. [PMID: 37957205 PMCID: PMC10643544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The seven N-phthalimide derivatives substituted with the amine group at the 3-C position in the phenylene ring were synthesized. The effect of N-substituent chemical structure was investigated. The thermal, electrochemical and optical studies were performed and supported by the density functional theory calculations (DFT). The electrochemical investigations of the synthesized low-molecular phthalimides revealed the one oxidation and reduction process with the HOMO energy level under - 5.81 eV and energy-band gap below 3 eV. The N-phthalimide derivatives were emitted light in a blue spectral region in solutions (in polar and non-polar) with the quantum yield between 2 and 68%, dependent on the substituent at the nitrogen atom, solvent and concentration. The N-phthalimide derivatives were emissive also in a solid state as a thin film and powder. They were tested as a component of the active layer with PVK:PBD matrix and as an independent active layer in the organic light-emitting diodes. The registered electroluminescence spectra exhibited the maximum emission band in the 469-505 nm range, confirming the possibility of using N-phthalimides with PVK:PBD matrix as the blue emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jan Grzegorz Małecki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 Dr. A. Jurasza Str., 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Skłodowska Str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Z Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 Dr. A. Jurasza Str., 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006, Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Skłodowska Str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
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18
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Song Z, Du X, He X, Wang H, Liu Z, Wu H, Luo H, Jin L, Xu L, Zheng Z, Niu G, Tang J. Rheological engineering of perovskite suspension toward high-resolution X-ray flat-panel detector. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6865. [PMID: 37891158 PMCID: PMC10611698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed polycrystalline perovskite film is promising for the next generation X-ray imaging. However, the spatial resolution of current perovskite X-ray panel detectors is far lower than the theoretical limit. Herein we find that the pixel level non-uniformity, also known as fixed pattern noise, is the chief culprit affecting the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the resolution of perovskite detectors. We report a synergistic strategy of rheological engineering the perovskite suspensions to achieve X-ray flat panel detectors with pixel-level high uniformity and near-to-limit spatial resolution. Our approach includes the addition of methylammonium iodide and polyacrylonitrile to the perovskite suspension, to synergistically enhance the flowability and particle stability of the oversaturated solution. The obtained suspension perfectly suits for the blade-coating process, avoiding the uneven distribution of solutes and particles within perovskite films. The assembled perovskite panel detector exhibits greatly improved fixed pattern noise value (1.39%), high sensitivity (2.24 × 104 μC Gyair-1 cm-2), low detection limit (28.57 nGyair·s-1) as well as good working stability, close to the performance of single crystal detectors. Moreover, the detector achieves a near-to-limit resolution of 0.51 lp/pix.
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Grants
- the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China,2021YFB3201000,the National Nature Science Foundation of China,62134003,62074066 and 12050005,the Fund for Innovative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,2021CFA036, 2020CFA034,the Shenzhen Basic Research Program,JCYJ20200109115212546,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities HUST,2020JYCXJJ073, YCJJ202203001,the Innovation Foundation of Innovation Institute, Huazhong university of science and technology,5003187018
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Song
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyuan Du
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin He
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanqi Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Haodi Wu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongde Luo
- iRay Technology Company Limited, 201206, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Jin
- iRay Technology Company Limited, 201206, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiping Zheng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangda Niu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Ezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 436060, Ezhou, China.
| | - Jiang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 430074, Wuhan, China
- Ezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 436060, Ezhou, China
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19
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Magnera TF, Dron PI, Bozzone JP, Jovanovic M, Rončević I, Tortorici E, Bu W, Miller EM, Rogers CT, Michl J. Porphene and porphite as porphyrin analogs of graphene and graphite. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6308. [PMID: 37813887 PMCID: PMC10562370 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have unusual properties and promise applications in nanoelectronics, spintronics, photonics, (electro)catalysis, separations, and elsewhere. Most are inorganic and their properties are difficult to tune. Here we report the preparation of Zn porphene, a member of the previously only hypothetical organic metalloporphene family. Similar to graphene, these also are fully conjugated two-dimensional polymers, but are composed of fused metalloporphyrin rings. Zn porphene is synthesized on water surface by two-dimensional oxidative polymerization of a Langmuir layer of Zn porphyrin with K2IrCl6, reminiscent of known one-dimensional polymerization of pyrroles. It is transferable to other substrates and bridges μm-sized pits. Contrary to previous theoretical predictions of metallic conductivity, it is a p-type semiconductor due to a predicted Peierls distortion of its unit cell from square to rectangular, analogous to the appearance of bond-length alternation in antiaromatic molecules. The observed reversible insertion of various metal ions, possibly carrying a fifth or sixth ligand, promises tunability and even patterning of circuits on an atomic canvas without removing any π centers from conjugation.
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Grants
- University of Colorado Boulder Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, RVO: 61388963 The Czech Science Foundation grant 20-03691X
- Army Research Laboratory and Army Research Office grant W911NF-15-1-0435 National Science Foundation grant CHE 1900226 DARPA grant HR00111810006 University of Colorado Boulder
- Army Research Laboratory and Army Research Office grant W911NF-15-1-0435 National Science Foundation grant CHE 1900226 University of Colorado Boulder
- University of Colorado Boulder Research Computing Group, funded by National Science Foundation grants ACI-1532235 and ACI-1532236, and Colorado State University Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, RVO: 61388963 The Czech Science Foundation grant 20-03691X Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports grant e-INFRA CZ, ID:90140 Wallonia-Brussels International Excellence Grant (IR)
- Department of Energy Office of Science, BES, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Solar Photochemistry. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Energy or the U.S. Government. Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, operating NREL for Department of Energy grant DE-AC36-08GO28308
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Magnera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Paul I Dron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jared P Bozzone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Milena Jovanovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edward Tortorici
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Wei Bu
- ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Elisa M Miller
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Charles T Rogers
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI) at the University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Josef Michl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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20
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Pang Q, Yan J. Control of metal oxides' electronic conductivity through visual intercalation chemical reactions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6130. [PMID: 37783683 PMCID: PMC10545781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cation intercalation is an effective method to optimize the electronic structures of metal oxides, but tuning intercalation structure and conductivity by manipulating ion movement is difficult. Here, we report a visual topochemical synthesis strategy to control intercalation pathways and structures and realize the rapid synthesis of flexible conductive metal oxide films in one minute at room temperature. Using flexible TiO2 nanofiber films as the prototype, we design three charge-driven models to intercalate preset Li+-ions into the TiO2 lattice slowly (µm/s), rapidly (mm/s), or ultrafast (cm/s). The Li+-intercalation causes real-time color changes of the TiO2 films from white to blue and then black, corresponding to the structures of LixTiO2 and LixTiO2-δ, and the enhanced conductivity from 0 to 1 and 40 S/m. This work realizes large-scale and rapid synthesis of flexible TiO2 nanofiber films with tunable conductivity and is expected to extend the synthesis to other conductive metal oxide films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 200051, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanquan Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 200051, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Zeng X, Liu Y, Weng W, Hua L, Tang L, Guo W, Chen Y, Yang T, Xu H, Luo J, Sun Z. A molecular pyroelectric enabling broadband photo-pyroelectric effect towards self-driven wide spectral photodetection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5821. [PMID: 37726264 PMCID: PMC10509268 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Broadband spectral photoresponse has shown bright prospects for various optoelectronic devices, while fulfilling high photoactivity beyond the material bandgap is a great challenge. Here, we present a molecular pyroelectric, N-isopropylbenzylaminium trifluoroacetate (N-IBATFA), of which the broadband photo-pyroelectric effects allow for self-driven wide spectral photodetection. As a simple organic binary salt, N-IBATFA possesses a large polarization (~9.5 μC cm-2), high pyroelectric coefficient (~6.9 μC cm-2 K-1) and figures-of-merits (FV = 187.9 × 10-2 cm2 μC-1; FD = 881.5 × 10-5 Pa-0.5) comparable to the state-of-art pyroelectric materials. Particularly, such intriguing attributes endow broadband photo-pyroelectric effect, namely, transient currents covering ultraviolet (UV, 266 nm) to near-infrared (NIR, 1950 nm) spectral regime, which breaks the restriction of its optical absorption and thus allows wide UV-NIR spectral photodetection. Our finding highlights the potential of molecular system as high-performance candidates toward self-powered wide spectral photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wen Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Lina Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Liwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wuqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Haojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Zhihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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22
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Han H, Jacquet Q, Jiang Z, Sayed FN, Jeon JC, Sharma A, Schankler AM, Kakekhani A, Meyerheim HL, Park J, Nam SY, Griffith KJ, Simonelli L, Rappe AM, Grey CP, Parkin SSP. Li iontronics in single-crystalline T-Nb 2O 5 thin films with vertical ionic transport channels. Nat Mater 2023; 22:1128-1135. [PMID: 37500959 PMCID: PMC10465368 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The niobium oxide polymorph T-Nb2O5 has been extensively investigated in its bulk form especially for applications in fast-charging batteries and electrochemical (pseudo)capacitors. Its crystal structure, which has two-dimensional (2D) layers with very low steric hindrance, allows for fast Li-ion migration. However, since its discovery in 1941, the growth of single-crystalline thin films and its electronic applications have not yet been realized, probably due to its large orthorhombic unit cell along with the existence of many polymorphs. Here we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of single-crystalline T-Nb2O5 thin films, critically with the ionic transport channels oriented perpendicular to the film's surface. These vertical 2D channels enable fast Li-ion migration, which we show gives rise to a colossal insulator-metal transition, where the resistivity drops by 11 orders of magnitude due to the population of the initially empty Nb 4d0 states by electrons. Moreover, we reveal multiple unexplored phase transitions with distinct crystal and electronic structures over a wide range of Li-ion concentrations by comprehensive in situ experiments and theoretical calculations, which allow for the reversible and repeatable manipulation of these phases and their distinct electronic properties. This work paves the way for the exploration of novel thin films with ionic channels and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Han
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Quentin Jacquet
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, Grenoble, France
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Farheen N Sayed
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jae-Chun Jeon
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Arpit Sharma
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Aaron M Schankler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arvin Kakekhani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jucheol Park
- Test Analysis Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Nam
- Test Analysis Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi, Republic of Korea
| | - Kent J Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Laura Simonelli
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Clare P Grey
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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23
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Zhang Y, Xie X, Liu J, Tang B, Fang C, Liu X, Dai Z, Xiong Y. Ionic liquids with reversible photo-induced conductivity regulation in aqueous solution. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13766. [PMID: 37612348 PMCID: PMC10447455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive ionic liquids have gained significant attention for their applications in various areas. Herein, three kinds of azobenzimidazole ionic liquids with reversible photo-induced conductivity regulation were designed and synthesized. The change of electrical conductivity under UV/visible light irradiation in aqueous solution was studied, and the effect of chemical structure and concentration of ionic liquids containing azobenzene to the regulation of photoresponse conductivity were discussed. The results showed that exposing the ionic liquid aqueous solution to ultraviolet light significantly increased its conductivity. Ionic liquids with longer alkyl chains exhibited an even greater increase in conductivity, up to 75.5%. Then under the irradiation of visible light, the electrical conductivity of the solution returned to its initial value. Further exploration of the mechanism of the reversible photo-induced conductivity regulation of azobenzene ionic liquids aqueous solution indicated that this may attributed to the formation/dissociation of ionic liquids aggregates in aqueous solution induced by the isomerization of azobenzene under UV/visible light irradiation and resulted the reversible conductivity regulation. This work provides a way for the molecular designing and performance regulation of photo-responsive ionic liquid and were expected to be applied in devices with photoconductive switching and micro photocontrol properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyuan Tang
- Boya International Academy, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Fang
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Zhejiang Institute of Standardization, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Longgang Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Wenzhou, 325802, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yubing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
- Longgang Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Wenzhou, 325802, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Jiang Y, Li Y, Liu F, Wang W, Su W, Liu W, Liu S, Zhang W, Hou J, Xu S, Yi Y, Zhu X. Suppressing electron-phonon coupling in organic photovoltaics for high-efficiency power conversion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5079. [PMID: 37604923 PMCID: PMC10442373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The nonradiative energy loss (∆Enr) is a critical factor to limit the efficiency of organic solar cells. Generally, strong electron-phonon coupling induced by molecular motion generates fast nonradiative decay and causes high ∆Enr. How to restrict molecular motion and achieve a low ∆Enr is a sticking point. Herein, the free volume ratio (FVR) is proposed as an indicator to evaluate molecular motion, providing new molecular design rationale to suppress nonradiative decay. Theoretical and experimental results indicate proper proliferation of alkyl side-chain can decrease FVR and restrict molecular motion, leading to reduced electron-phonon coupling while maintaining ideal nanomorphology. The reduced FVR and favorable morphology are simultaneously obtained in AQx-6 with pinpoint alkyl chain proliferation, achieving a high PCE of 18.6% with optimized VOC, JSC and FF. Our study discovered aggregation-state regulation is of great importance to the reduction of electron-phonon coupling, which paves the way to high-efficiency OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenli Su
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics, Beijing Area Major Laboratory Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wuyue Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Songjun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics, Beijing Area Major Laboratory Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengjie Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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25
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Xu P, Wang S, Lin A, Min HK, Zhou Z, Dou W, Sun Y, Huang X, Tran H, Liu X. Conductive and elastic bottlebrush elastomers for ultrasoft electronics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:623. [PMID: 36739447 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding biological systems and mimicking their functions require electronic tools that can interact with biological tissues with matched softness. These tools involve biointerfacing materials that should concurrently match the softness of biological tissue and exhibit suitable electrical conductivities for recording and reading bioelectronic signals. However, commonly employed intrinsically soft and stretchable materials usually contain solvents that limit stability for long-term use or possess low electronic conductivity. To date, an ultrasoft (i.e., Young's modulus <30 kPa), conductive, and solvent-free elastomer does not exist. Additionally, integrating such ultrasoft and conductive materials into electronic devices is poorly explored. This article reports a solvent-free, ultrasoft and conductive PDMS bottlebrush elastomer (BBE) composite with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as conductive fillers. The conductive SWCNT/BBE with a filler concentration of 0.4 - 0.6 wt% reveals an ultralow Young's modulus (<11 kPa) and satisfactory conductivity (>2 S/m) as well as adhesion property. Furthermore, we fabricate ultrasoft electronics based on laser cutting and 3D printing of conductive and non-conductive BBEs and demonstrate their potential applications in wearable sensing, soft robotics, and electrophysiological recording.
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26
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Harikesh PC, Yang CY, Wu HY, Zhang S, Donahue MJ, Caravaca AS, Huang JD, Olofsson PS, Berggren M, Tu D, Fabiano S. Ion-tunable antiambipolarity in mixed ion-electron conducting polymers enables biorealistic organic electrochemical neurons. Nat Mater 2023; 22:242-248. [PMID: 36635590 PMCID: PMC9894750 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biointegrated neuromorphic hardware holds promise for new protocols to record/regulate signalling in biological systems. Making such artificial neural circuits successful requires minimal device/circuit complexity and ion-based operating mechanisms akin to those found in biology. Artificial spiking neurons, based on silicon-based complementary metal-oxide semiconductors or negative differential resistance device circuits, can emulate several neural features but are complicated to fabricate, not biocompatible and lack ion-/chemical-based modulation features. Here we report a biorealistic conductance-based organic electrochemical neuron (c-OECN) using a mixed ion-electron conducting ladder-type polymer with stable ion-tunable antiambipolarity. The latter is used to emulate the activation/inactivation of sodium channels and delayed activation of potassium channels of biological neurons. These c-OECNs can spike at bioplausible frequencies nearing 100 Hz, emulate most critical biological neural features, demonstrate stochastic spiking and enable neurotransmitter-/amino acid-/ion-based spiking modulation, which is then used to stimulate biological nerves in vivo. These combined features are impossible to achieve using previous technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padinhare Cholakkal Harikesh
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Chi-Yuan Yang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Han-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Silan Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Mary J Donahue
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - April S Caravaca
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun-Da Huang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Peder S Olofsson
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Deyu Tu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
- n-Ink AB, Norrköping, Sweden.
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27
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Wang K, Lin ZY, Zhang Z, Jin L, Ma K, Coffey AH, Atapattu HR, Gao Y, Park JY, Wei Z, Finkenauer BP, Zhu C, Meng X, Chowdhury SN, Chen Z, Terlier T, Do TH, Yao Y, Graham KR, Boltasseva A, Guo TF, Huang L, Gao H, Savoie BM, Dou L. Suppressing phase disproportionation in quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:397. [PMID: 36693860 PMCID: PMC9873927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroluminescence efficiencies and stabilities of quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskites are restricted by the formation of multiple-quantum-well structures with broad and uncontrollable phase distributions. Here, we report a ligand design strategy to substantially suppress diffusion-limited phase disproportionation, thereby enabling better phase control. We demonstrate that extending the π-conjugation length and increasing the cross-sectional area of the ligand enables perovskite thin films with dramatically suppressed ion transport, narrowed phase distributions, reduced defect densities, and enhanced radiative recombination efficiencies. Consequently, we achieved efficient and stable deep-red light-emitting diodes with a peak external quantum efficiency of 26.3% (average 22.9% among 70 devices and cross-checked) and a half-life of ~220 and 2.8 h under a constant current density of 0.1 and 12 mA/cm2, respectively. Our devices also exhibit wide wavelength tunability and improved spectral and phase stability compared with existing perovskite light-emitting diodes. These discoveries provide critical insights into the molecular design and crystallization kinetics of low-dimensional perovskite semiconductors for light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Zih-Yu Lin
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Zihan Zhang
- grid.255986.50000 0004 0472 0419Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL USA
| | - Linrui Jin
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Ke Ma
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Aidan H. Coffey
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Harindi R. Atapattu
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Yao Gao
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Jee Yung Park
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Zitang Wei
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Blake P. Finkenauer
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Xiangeng Meng
- grid.443420.50000 0000 9755 8940School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Sarah N. Chowdhury
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- grid.21940.3e0000 0004 1936 8278SIMS laboratory, Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, TX USA
| | - Thi-Hoai Do
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yan Yao
- grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Kenneth R. Graham
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Tzung-Fang Guo
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Libai Huang
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Hanwei Gao
- grid.255986.50000 0004 0472 0419Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL USA
| | - Brett M. Savoie
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Letian Dou
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA ,grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
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28
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Zhao W, Ni H, Ding C, Liu L, Fu Q, Lin F, Tian F, Yang P, Liu S, He W, Wang X, Huang W, Zhao Q. 2D Titanium carbide printed flexible ultrawideband monopole antenna for wireless communications. Nat Commun 2023; 14:278. [PMID: 36650125 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible titanium carbide (Ti3C2) antenna offers a breakthrough in the penetration of information communications for the spread of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Current configurations are constrained to multi-layer complicated designs due to the limited conformal integration of the dielectric substrate and additive-free Ti3C2 inks. Here, we report the flexible ultrawideband Ti3C2 monopole antenna by combining strategies of interfacial modification and advanced extrusion printing technology. The polydopamine, as molecular glue nano-binder, contributes the tight adhesion interactions between Ti3C2 film and commercial circuit boards for high spatial uniformity and mechanical flexibility. The bandwidth and center frequency of Ti3C2 antenna can be well maintained and the gain differences fluctuate within ±0.2 dBi at the low frequency range after the bent antenna returns to the flat state, which conquers the traditional inelastic Cu antenna. It also achieves the demo instance for the fluent and stable real-time wireless transmission in bending states.
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29
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Kao YJ, Li YJ, Shen YA, Chen CM. Significant Hall-Petch effect in micro-nanocrystalline electroplated copper controlled by SPS concentration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:428. [PMID: 36624120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroplated Cu has been extensively applied in advanced electronic packaging, and its mechanical properties are critical for reliability. In this study, Cu foils fabricated through electroplating with various bis-(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) concentrations are examined using tensile tests. The SPS concentration affects the grain size of the electroplated Cu foils, resulting in different mechanical properties. A significant Hall-Petch effect, [Formula: see text], is demonstrated for the electroplated Cu foils. The different concentrations of impurities identified through time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry correspond to the different grain sizes, determining the transgranular and intergranular fracture during the tensile test. The results demonstrate that the SPS concentration controlling the microstructures of the electroplated Cu results in a Hall-Petch effect on the mechanical properties of the electroplated Cu foils.
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30
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Choi Y, Hahm D, Bae WK, Lim J. Heteroepitaxial chemistry of zinc chalcogenides on InP nanocrystals for defect-free interfaces with atomic uniformity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:43. [PMID: 36596807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heteroepitaxy on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals is an essential strategy for manipulating their optoelectronic functionalities. However, their practical synthesis typically leads to scattered and unexpected outcomes due to the intervention of multiple reaction pathways associated with complicated side products of reactants. Here, the heteroepitaxy mechanism of zinc chalcogenide initiated on indium phosphide (InP) colloidal nanocrystals is elucidated using the precursors, zinc carboxylate and trialkylphosphine selenide. The high magnetic receptivity of 77Se and the characteristic longitudinal optical phonon mode of ZnSe allowed for monitoring the sequence of epilayer formation at the molecular level. The investigation revealed the sterically hindered acyloxytrialkylphosphonium and diacyloxytrialkylphosphorane to be main intermediates in the surface reaction, which retards the metal ion adsorption by a large steric hindrance. The transformation of adsorbates to the crystalline epilayer was disturbed by surface oxides. Raman scattering disclosed the pathway of secondary surface oxidation triggered by carboxylate ligands migrated from zinc carboxylate. The surface-initiated heteroepitaxy protocol is proposed to fabricate core/shell heterostructured nanocrystals with atomic-scale uniformity of epilayers. Despite the large lattice mismatch of ZnS to InP, we realised a uniform and interface defect-free ZnS epilayer (~0.3 nm thickness) on InP nanocrystals, as evidenced by a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 97.3%.
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31
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Chakraborty S, Park HY, Ahn SI. Copper laser patterning on a flexible substrate using a cost-effective 3D printer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21149. [PMID: 36477714 PMCID: PMC9729301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the cost effective direct laser patterning of copper (Cu) on thin polyimide substrates (PI thickness: 12.5-50 µm) using a 405 nm laser module attached to an inexpensive 3D printer. The focal length of the laser was intentionally controlled to reduce defects on patterned Cu and surface damage of PI under predetermined process conditions. The appropriate focal length was examined at various focal distances. Focal distances of - 2.4 mm and 3 mm were found for the shorter focal length (SFL) and longer focal length (LFL), respectively, compared to the actual focal length. This resulted in clean Cu line patterns without line defects. Interestingly, the SFL case had a different Cu growth pattern to that of LFL, indicating that the small difference in the laser incident angle could affect Cu precursor sintering. Cu square patterns had a lower resistivity of 70 μΩ·cm for an LFL after three or four laser scans, while the SFL showed a resistivity below 48 μΩ·cm for a one-time laser scan. The residues of the Cu precursor on PI were easily removed with flowing water and normal surfactants. However, the resistivity of the patterns decreased after cleaning. Among the scan gaps, the Cu square pattern formed at a 70 μm scan gap had the lowest sheet resistance and the least change in resistance from around 4 to 4.4 Ω/ϒ after cleaning. This result implies that the adhesion of the patterned Cu could be improved if the coated Cu precursor was well sintered under the proper process conditions. For the application of this method to bioelectronics, including biosensors, LEDs were connected to the Cu patterns on PI attached to the arm skin and worked well, even when the substrate PI was bent during power connecting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Chakraborty
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeol Park
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Ahn
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
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32
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Lawrence J, Berdonces-Layunta A, Edalatmanesh S, Castro-Esteban J, Wang T, Jimenez-Martin A, de la Torre B, Castrillo-Bodero R, Angulo-Portugal P, Mohammed MSG, Matěj A, Vilas-Varela M, Schiller F, Corso M, Jelinek P, Peña D, de Oteyza DG. Publisher Correction: Circumventing the stability problems of graphene nanoribbon zigzag edges. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1471-1473. [PMID: 36517564 PMCID: PMC11052706 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Lawrence
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berdonces-Layunta
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Castro-Esteban
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tao Wang
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alejandro Jimenez-Martin
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Mohammed S G Mohammed
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Vilas-Varela
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Frederik Schiller
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Martina Corso
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelinek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Dimas G de Oteyza
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain.
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN), CSIC-UNIOVI-PA, El Entrego, Spain.
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33
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Lawrence J, Berdonces-Layunta A, Edalatmanesh S, Castro-Esteban J, Wang T, Jimenez-Martin A, de la Torre B, Castrillo-Bodero R, Angulo-Portugal P, Mohammed MSG, Matěj A, Vilas-Varela M, Schiller F, Corso M, Jelinek P, Peña D, de Oteyza DG. Circumventing the stability problems of graphene nanoribbon zigzag edges. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1451-1458. [PMID: 36163268 PMCID: PMC10665199 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanostructures with zigzag edges exhibit unique properties-such as localized electronic states and spins-with exciting potential applications. Such nanostructures however are generally synthesized under vacuum because their zigzag edges are unstable under ambient conditions: a barrier that must be surmounted to achieve their scalable integration into devices for practical purposes. Here we show two chemical protection/deprotection strategies, demonstrated on labile, air-sensitive chiral graphene nanoribbons. Upon hydrogenation, the chiral graphene nanoribbons survive exposure to air, after which they are easily converted back to their original structure by annealing. We also approach the problem from another angle by synthesizing a form of the chiral graphene nanoribbons that is functionalized with ketone side groups. This oxidized form is chemically stable and can be converted to the pristine hydrocarbon form by hydrogenation and annealing. In both cases, the deprotected chiral graphene nanoribbons regain electronic properties similar to those of the pristine nanoribbons. We believe both approaches may be extended to other graphene nanoribbons and carbon-based nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lawrence
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berdonces-Layunta
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Castro-Esteban
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tao Wang
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alejandro Jimenez-Martin
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Mohammed S G Mohammed
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Vilas-Varela
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Frederik Schiller
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Martina Corso
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelinek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Dimas G de Oteyza
- Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain.
- Centro de Física de Materiales (MPC), CSIC-UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN), CSIC-UNIOVI-PA, El Entrego, Spain.
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Gaubert V, Vauche G, Weimmerskirch-Aubatin J, Corbier C, Boddaert X, Delattre R, Djenizian T. Toward autonomous wearable triboelectric systems integrated on textiles. iScience 2022; 25:105264. [PMCID: PMC9636050 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major requirements of smart textiles is to achieve the integration of an energy source for powering embedded electronic systems. In this context, textile triboelectric nanogenerators (T-TENGs) are particularly well suited to imperceptibly play this role in the core of textiles, making them highly appealing for the development of future autonomous systems. This article reviews the wide range of topics related to T-TENGs technology starting from triboelectric generation (textile device and behavior modeling) up to the complete integration of power transfer (rectifier) circuits on textiles. The modeling part deals with the current mathematical models of the triboelectric charge transfer in order to highlight efficient power transfer circuits. Then the materials and architectures used to fabricate different types of T-TENGs are described. Finally, the methods and technologies to seamlessly integrate the power transfer circuit into textiles are discussed: from realizing electrically conductive tracks through to integrating electronic component on textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Gaubert
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Center of Microelectronics in Provence, Department of Flexible Electronics, 13541 Gardanne, France
| | - Gaëtan Vauche
- Saint-Etienne Jean Monnet University, Roanne Technology University Institute, University of Lyon, LASPI (EA3059), 42334 Roanne, France
| | | | - Christophe Corbier
- Saint-Etienne Jean Monnet University, Roanne Technology University Institute, University of Lyon, LASPI (EA3059), 42334 Roanne, France
| | - Xavier Boddaert
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Center of Microelectronics in Provence, Department of Flexible Electronics, 13541 Gardanne, France
| | - Roger Delattre
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Center of Microelectronics in Provence, Department of Flexible Electronics, 13541 Gardanne, France
| | - Thierry Djenizian
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Center of Microelectronics in Provence, Department of Flexible Electronics, 13541 Gardanne, France,Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Tole bi str., 96A., Almaty, Kazakhstan,Corresponding author
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35
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Chu Z, Li G, Gong X, Zhao Z, Tan Y, Jiang Z. Hierarchical Wrinkles for Tunable Strain Sensing Based on Programmable, Anisotropic, and Patterned Graphene Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142800. [PMID: 35890576 PMCID: PMC9322441 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible, stretchable, wearable, and stable electronic materials are widely studied, owing to their applications in wearable devices and the Internet of Things. Because of the demands for both strain-insensitive resistors and high gauge factor (GF) strain-sensitive materials, anisotropic strain sensitivity has been an important aspect of electronic materials. In addition, the materials should have adjustable strain sensitivities. In this work, such properties are demonstrated in reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with hierarchical oriented wrinkle microstructures, generated using the two-step shrinkage of a rubber substrate. The GF values range from 0.15 to 28.32 at 100% strain. For device demonstrations, macrostructure patterns are designed to prepare patterned wrinkling graphene at rubber substrate (PWG@R). Serpentiform curves can be used for the constant-value resistor, combined with the first-grade wrinkles. Strip lines can increase the strain-sensing property, along with the second-grade wrinkles. The patterned sensor exhibits improved GF values range from 0.05 to 49.5. The assembled sensor shows an excellent stability (>99% retention after 600 cycles) with a high GF (49.5). It can monitor the vital signs of the throat and wrist and sense large motions of fingers. Thus, PWG@R-based strain sensors have great potential in various health or motion monitoring fields.
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36
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Shizu K, Kaji H. Comprehensive understanding of multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence through quantum chemistry calculations. Commun Chem 2022; 5:53. [PMID: 36697887 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecules that exhibit multiple resonance (MR) type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are highly efficient electroluminescent materials with narrow emission spectra. Despite their importance in various applications, the emission mechanism is still controversial. Here, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism for a representative MR-TADF molecule (5,9-diphenyl-5,9-diaza-13b-boranaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene, DABNA-1) is presented. Using the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles method and Fermi's golden rule, we quantitatively reproduced all rate constants relevant to the emission mechanism; prompt and delayed fluorescence, internal conversion (IC), intersystem crossing, and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). In addition, the photoluminescence quantum yield and its prompt and delayed contributions were quantified by calculating the population kinetics of excited states and the transient photoluminescence decay curve. The calculations also revealed that TADF occurred via a stepwise process of 1) thermally activated IC from the electronically excited lowest triplet state T1 to the second-lowest triplet state T2, 2) RISC from T2 to the lowest excited singlet state S1, and 3) fluorescence from S1.
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37
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Gu M, Liu T, Xiao X, Li G, Liao W. Simulation and Experimental Study of the Multisized Silver Nanoparticles Sintering Process Based on Molecular Dynamics. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:1030. [PMID: 35335839 DOI: 10.3390/nano12061030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Multisized nanoparticles (MPs) are widely employed as electronic materials to form conductive patterns, benefitting from their excellent sintering properties and mechanical reliability. However, due to the lack of effective detection methods for the real-time sintering process, it is difficult to reveal the sintering behavior during the MPs sintering process. In this work, a molecular dynamics method is used to track the trajectory of silver atoms. The melting behavior of a single nanoparticle (SP) is first discussed. The structural evolution of equally sized nanoparticles (EPs) and unequally sized nanoparticles (UPs) during the sintering process is analyzed alongside morphology changes. It is proposed that the UPs sintering process benefits from the wetting behavior of small-sized nanoparticles on the surface of large-sized nanoparticles, and the sintering angle (θ) is proposed as an index to estimate the sintering result of UPs. Based on the works above, three basic sintering modes and one advanced sintering mode in the MP sintering process are analyzed emphatically in this paper, and the roles of different-sized nanoparticles in MPs are concluded from simulation and experimental results. This work provides theoretical support for conductive ink composition design and sintering process optimization.
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38
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Weinbub J, Kosik R. Computational perspective on recent advances in quantum electronics: from electron quantum optics to nanoelectronic devices and systems. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:163001. [PMID: 35008077 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac49c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantum electronics has significantly evolved over the last decades. Where initially the clear focus was on light-matter interactions, nowadays approaches based on the electron's wave nature have solidified themselves as additional focus areas. This development is largely driven by continuous advances in electron quantum optics, electron based quantum information processing, electronic materials, and nanoelectronic devices and systems. The pace of research in all of these areas is astonishing and is accompanied by substantial theoretical and experimental advancements. What is particularly exciting is the fact that the computational methods, together with broadly available large-scale computing resources, have matured to such a degree so as to be essential enabling technologies themselves. These methods allow to predict, analyze, and design not only individual physical processes but also entire devices and systems, which would otherwise be very challenging or sometimes even out of reach with conventional experimental capabilities. This review is thus a testament to the increasingly towering importance of computational methods for advancing the expanding field of quantum electronics. To that end, computational aspects of a representative selection of recent research in quantum electronics are highlighted where a major focus is on the electron's wave nature. By categorizing the research into concrete technological applications, researchers and engineers will be able to use this review as a source for inspiration regarding problem-specific computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Weinbub
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for High Performance TCAD, Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Austria
| | - Robert Kosik
- Institute for Microelectronics, TU Wien, Austria
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Deng B, Wang Z, Chen W, Li JT, Luong DX, Carter RA, Gao G, Yakobson BI, Zhao Y, Tour JM. Phase controlled synthesis of transition metal carbide nanocrystals by ultrafast flash Joule heating. Nat Commun 2022; 13:262. [PMID: 35017518 PMCID: PMC8752793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale carbides enhance ultra-strong ceramics and show activity as high-performance catalysts. Traditional lengthy carburization methods for carbide syntheses usually result in coked surface, large particle size, and uncontrolled phase. Here, a flash Joule heating process is developed for ultrafast synthesis of carbide nanocrystals within 1 s. Various interstitial transition metal carbides (TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr2C3, MoC, and W2C) and covalent carbides (B4C and SiC) are produced using low-cost precursors. By controlling pulse voltages, phase-pure molybdenum carbides including β-Mo2C and metastable α-MoC1-x and η-MoC1-x are selectively synthesized, demonstrating the excellent phase engineering ability of the flash Joule heating by broadly tunable energy input that can exceed 3000 K coupled with kinetically controlled ultrafast cooling (>104 K s-1). Theoretical calculation reveals carbon vacancies as the driving factor for topotactic transition of carbide phases. The phase-dependent hydrogen evolution capability of molybdenum carbides is investigated with β-Mo2C showing the best performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Weiyin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - John Tianci Li
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Duy Xuan Luong
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert A Carter
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Corban University, Salem, Oregon, 97317, USA.
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
- NanoCarbon Center and the Welch Institute for Advanced Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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40
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Wang QY, Wu ZF, Zhang M, Qin ZJ, Wang L, Zhong FR, Duan HM. Gas-Sensing Properties and Preparation of Waste Mask Fibers/ZnS Composites. J Electron Mater 2022; 51:3843-3850. [PMID: 35497373 PMCID: PMC9040696 DOI: 10.1007/s11664-022-09644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To realize the resource utilization of waste mask fibers (MF), a layer of ZnS nanoparticles was grown on MF by a one-step hydrothermal method, and a MF/ZnS sensor was successfully prepared. This is the first time that resource utilization of MF has been combined with the development of a high-performance gas sensor. The MF/ZnS sensor showed high sensitivity and recoverability to target vapors at room temperature. Compared with ZnS powder loaded on a ceramic substrate, the MF/ZnS composite responses to four analytes have been improved by 8.4~35.2 times. In addition, the time for the MF/ZnS sensor to complete one response-recovery cycle for all four analytes was less than 30 s. This should be attributed to the high gas permeability of the MF substrate, which made the ZnS particles loaded on the MF more fully exposed to contact with the target vapors. This work not only provides a simple and low-cost method to optimize the sensing performance of gas sensors but also provides a new way for the resource utilization of MF. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11664-022-09644-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Y. Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
| | - Z. F. Wu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
| | - M. Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
| | - Z. J. Qin
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
| | - L. Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
| | - F. R. Zhong
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, 563006 Guizhou People’s Republic of China
| | - H. M. Duan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046 Xinjiang China
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41
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Imamura H, Kamikoriyama Y, Muramatsu A, Kanie K. A mild aqueous synthesis of ligand-free copper nanoparticles for low temperature sintering nanopastes with nickel salt assistance. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24268. [PMID: 34930970 PMCID: PMC8688440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An organic ligand-free aqueous-phase synthesis of copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) under an air atmosphere was successfully achieved by reducing copper(II) oxide particles with a leaf-like shape in the presence of Ni salts at room temperature. The resulting Cu NPs with a mean particle diameter of ca. 150 nm exhibited low-temperature sintering properties due to their polycrystalline internal structure and ligand-free surface. These Cu NPs were applied to obtain Cu NP-based nanopastes with low-temperature sintering properties, and the resistivities of the obtained Cu electrodes after annealing at 150 °C and 200 °C for 30 min were 64 μΩ∙cm and 27 μΩ∙cm, respectively. The bonding strength between oxygen-free Cu plates prepared using the Cu NP-based nanopastes reached 32 MPa after pressure-less sintering at 260 °C for 30 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The developed manufacturing processes using the developed Cu nanopastes could provide sustainable and low-CO2-emission approaches to obtain Cu electrodes on flexible films and high-strength bonding between metal plates as die-attach materials for power devices under energy- and resource-saving conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imamura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan. .,Business Creation Sector R&D Center, Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd., Ageo, 362-0021, Japan.
| | - Yoichi Kamikoriyama
- grid.471170.40000 0000 9149 9548Business Creation Sector R&D Center, Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd., Ageo, 362-0021 Japan
| | - Atsushi Muramatsu
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kanie
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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42
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Wang Z, Xia H, Wang P, Zhou X, Liu C, Zhang Q, Wang F, Huang M, Chen S, Wu P, Chen Y, Ye J, Huang S, Yan H, Gu L, Miao J, Li T, Chen X, Lu W, Zhou P, Hu W. Controllable Doping in 2D Layered Materials. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2104942. [PMID: 34569099 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For each generation of semiconductors, the issue of doping techniques is always placed at the top of the priority list since it determines whether a material can be used in the electronic and optoelectronic industry or not. When it comes to 2D materials, significant challenges have been found in controllably doping 2D semiconductors into p- or n-type, let alone developing a continuous control of this process. Here, a unique self-modulated doping characteristic in 2D layered materials such as PtSSe, PtS0.8 Se1.2 , PdSe2 , and WSe2 is reported. The varying number of vertically stacked-monolayers is the critical factor for controllably tuning the same material from p-type to intrinsic, and to n-type doping. Importantly, it is found that the thickness-induced lattice deformation makes defects in PtSSe transit from Pt vacancies to anion vacancies based on dynamic and thermodynamic analyses, which leads to p- and n-type conductance, respectively. By thickness-modulated doping, WSe2 diode exhibits a high rectification ratio of 4400 and a large open-circuit voltage of 0.38 V. Meanwhile, the PtSSe detector overcomes the shortcoming of large dark-current in narrow-bandgap optoelectronic devices. All these findings provide a brand-new perspective for fundamental scientific studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunsen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Menglin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shiyou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peisong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiafu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shenyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinshui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 330106, China
| | - Tianxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 330106, China
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 330106, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weida Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 330106, China
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Zhang J, Roth N, Tolborg K, Takahashi S, Song L, Bondesgaard M, Nishibori E, Iversen BB. Direct observation of one-dimensional disordered diffusion channel in a chain-like thermoelectric with ultralow thermal conductivity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6709. [PMID: 34795243 PMCID: PMC8602660 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural disorder, highly effective in reducing thermal conductivity, is important in technological applications such as thermal barrier coatings and thermoelectrics. In particular, interstitial, disordered, diffusive atoms are common in complex crystal structures with ultralow thermal conductivity, but are rarely found in simple crystalline solids. Combining single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction, the maximum entropy method, diffuse scattering, and theoretical calculations, here we report the direct observation of one-dimensional disordered In1+ chains in a simple chain-like thermoelectric InTe, which contains a significant In1+ vacancy along with interstitial indium sites. Intriguingly, the disordered In1+ chains undergo a static-dynamic transition with increasing temperature to form a one-dimensional diffusion channel, which is attributed to a low In1+-ion migration energy barrier along the c direction, a general feature in many other TlSe-type compounds. Our work provides a basis towards understanding ultralow thermal conductivity with weak temperature dependence in TlSe-type chain-like materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Nikolaj Roth
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Tolborg
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Seiya Takahashi
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Lirong Song
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Bondesgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eiji Nishibori
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Bo B Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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44
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Yu CP, Kojima N, Kumagai S, Kurosawa T, Ishii H, Watanabe G, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Approaching isotropic charge transport of n-type organic semiconductors with bulky substituents. Commun Chem 2021; 4:155. [PMID: 36697635 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[de]isoquinolino[1,8-gh]quinolinetetracarboxylic diimide (BQQDI) is an n-type organic semiconductor that has shown unique multi-fold intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions, leading to aggregated structures with excellent charge transports and electron mobility properties. However, the strong intermolecular anchoring of BQQDI presents challenges for fine-tuning the molecular assembly and improving the semiconducting properties. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of two BQQDI derivatives with phenyl- and cyclohexyl substituents (Ph-BQQDI and Cy6-BQQDI), where the two organic semiconductors show distinct molecular assemblies and degrees of intermolecular orbital overlaps. In addition, the difference in their packing motifs leads to strikingly different band structures that give rise to contrasting charge-transport capabilities. More specifically, Cy6-BQQDI bearing bulky substituents exhibits isotropic intermolecular orbital overlaps resulting in equal averaged transfer integrals in both π-π stacking directions, even when dynamic disorders are taken into account; whereas Ph-BQQDI exhibits anisotropic averaged transfer integrals in these directions. As a result, Cy6-BQQDI shows excellent device performances in both single-crystalline and polycrystalline thin-film organic field-effect transistors up to 2.3 and 1.0 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively.
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45
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Chen WT, Wang CW, Cheng CC, Chuang YC, Simonov A, Bristowe NC, Senn MS. Striping of orbital-order with charge-disorder in optimally doped manganites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6319. [PMID: 34732739 PMCID: PMC8566459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase diagrams of LaMnO3 perovskites have been intensely studied due to the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) exhibited by compositions around the [Formula: see text] doping level. However, phase segregation between ferromagnetic (FM) metallic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating states, which itself is believed to be responsible for the colossal change in resistance under applied magnetic field, has prevented an atomistic-level understanding of the orbital ordered (OO) state at this doping level. Here, through the detailed crystallographic analysis of the phase diagram of a prototype system (AMn[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]O12), we show that the superposition of two distinct lattice modes gives rise to a striping of OO Jahn-Teller active Mn3+ and charge disordered (CD) Mn3.5+ layers in a 1:3 ratio. This superposition only gives a cancellation of the Jahn-Teller-like displacements at the critical doping level. This striping of CD Mn3.5+ with Mn3+ provides a natural mechanism though which long range OO can melt, giving way to a conducting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tin Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences and Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10622, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Wei Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Cheng
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences and Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Arkadiy Simonov
- Materials Department, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas C Bristowe
- Centre for Materials Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Mark S Senn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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46
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Chaolumen, Stepek IA, Yamada KE, Ito H, Itami K. Construction of Heptagon-Containing Molecular Nanocarbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23508-23532. [PMID: 33547701 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular nanocarbons containing heptagonal rings have attracted increasing interest due to their dynamic behavior, electronic properties, aromaticity, and solid-state packing. Heptagon incorporation can not only induce negative curvature within nanocarbon scaffolds, but also confer significantly altered properties through interaction with adjacent non-hexagonal rings. Despite the disclosure of several beautiful examples in recent years, synthetic strategies toward heptagon-embedded molecular nanocarbons remain relatively limited due to the intrinsic challenges of heptagon formation and incorporation into polyarene frameworks. In this Review, recent advances in solution-mediated and surface-assisted synthesis of heptagon-containing molecular nanocarbons, as well as the intriguing properties of these frameworks, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolumen
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Iain A Stepek
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Keigo E Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hideto Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, R.O.C
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47
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Keykavous-Amand S, Peymanfar R. Fabrication of clay soil/CuFe 2O 4 nanocomposite toward improving energy and shielding efficiency of buildings. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20832. [PMID: 34675310 PMCID: PMC8531380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, the energy and shielding efficiency of brick, fabricated by clay soil, as a practical building material was reinforced using CuFe2O4 nanoparticles. Initially, the nanoparticles were fabricated using the sol-gel method and then loaded in the brick matrix as a guest. The architected samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms, and vector network analyzer (VNA) analyses. IR absorption of the tailored samples was monitored under an IR source using an IR thermometer. IR absorption and energy band gap attested that inserting the nanoparticles in brick medium led to the acceleration of a warming brick, desirable for energy efficiency in cold climates. It is worth noting that the brick/CuFe2O4 nanocomposite achieved a strong reflection loss (RL) of 58.54 dB and gained an efficient bandwidth as wide as 4.22 GHz (RL > 10 dB) with a thickness of 2.50 mm, meanwhile it shielded more than 58% of the electromagnetic waves at X-band by only a filler loading of 10 wt%. The microwave absorbing and shielding characteristics of the composite are mainly originated from conductive loss, electron hopping, natural and exchange resonance, relaxation loss, secondary fields, as well as eddy current loss. Interestingly, the shielding property of the nanocomposite was significantly generated from its absorbing features, reducing the secondary electromagnetic pollutions produced by the shielding materials applying the impedance mismatching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Peymanfar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Energy Institute of Higher Education, Saveh, Iran
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48
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Chen Z, Li W, Sabuj MA, Li Y, Zhu W, Zeng M, Sarap CS, Huda MM, Qiao X, Peng X, Ma D, Ma Y, Rai N, Huang F. Evolution of the electronic structure in open-shell donor-acceptor organic semiconductors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5889. [PMID: 34620849 PMCID: PMC8497548 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most organic semiconductors have closed-shell electronic structures, however, studies have revealed open-shell character emanating from design paradigms such as narrowing the bandgap and controlling the quinoidal-aromatic resonance of the π-system. A fundamental challenge is understanding and identifying the molecular and electronic basis for the transition from a closed- to open-shell electronic structure and connecting the physicochemical properties with (opto)electronic functionality. Here, we report donor-acceptor organic semiconductors comprised of diketopyrrolopyrrole and naphthobisthiadiazole acceptors and various electron-rich donors commonly utilized in constructing high-performance organic semiconductors. Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, single-crystal X-ray studies, and computational investigations connect the bandgap, π-extension, structural, and electronic features with the emergence of various degrees of diradical character. This work systematically demonstrates the widespread diradical character in the classical donor-acceptor organic semiconductors and provides distinctive insights into their ground state structure-property relationship.
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Grants
- The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Basic and Applied Basic Research Major Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2019B030302007), Innovation Research Group Project of Fund Committee (No. 51521002), National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFA0705900) funded by MOST, Natural Science Foundation of China (51973063, 21733005, 91633301), and the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (No. 201707020019). MAS, CSS, MMH, and NR acknowledge the financial support from the National Science Foundation (OIA-1757220) for the computational aspects of this project. This work used supercomputing resources at the high-performance computing center at Mississippi State University and the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1548562. This work used XSEDE Stampede 2 at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) through allocation TG-CHE140141.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Md Abdus Sabuj
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Weiya Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chandra S Sarap
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - Md Masrul Huda
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - Xianfeng Qiao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobin Peng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Neeraj Rai
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States.
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.
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49
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Zheng Y, Yu Z, Zhang S, Kong X, Michaels W, Wang W, Chen G, Liu D, Lai JC, Prine N, Zhang W, Nikzad S, Cooper CB, Zhong D, Mun J, Zhang Z, Kang J, Tok JBH, McCulloch I, Qin J, Gu X, Bao Z. A molecular design approach towards elastic and multifunctional polymer electronics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5701. [PMID: 34588448 PMCID: PMC8481247 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation wearable electronics require enhanced mechanical robustness and device complexity. Besides previously reported softness and stretchability, desired merits for practical use include elasticity, solvent resistance, facile patternability and high charge carrier mobility. Here, we show a molecular design concept that simultaneously achieves all these targeted properties in both polymeric semiconductors and dielectrics, without compromising electrical performance. This is enabled by covalently-embedded in-situ rubber matrix (iRUM) formation through good mixing of iRUM precursors with polymer electronic materials, and finely-controlled composite film morphology built on azide crosslinking chemistry which leverages different reactivities with C-H and C=C bonds. The high covalent crosslinking density results in both superior elasticity and solvent resistance. When applied in stretchable transistors, the iRUM-semiconductor film retained its mobility after stretching to 100% strain, and exhibited record-high mobility retention of 1 cm2 V-1 s-1 after 1000 stretching-releasing cycles at 50% strain. The cycling life was stably extended to 5000 cycles, five times longer than all reported semiconductors. Furthermore, we fabricated elastic transistors via consecutively photo-patterning of the dielectric and semiconducting layers, demonstrating the potential of solution-processed multilayer device manufacturing. The iRUM represents a molecule-level design approach towards robust skin-inspired electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhiao Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesbury, MS, USA
| | - Xian Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wesley Michaels
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Weichen Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Deyu Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Cheng Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel Prine
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesbury, MS, USA
| | - Weimin Zhang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kaust Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shayla Nikzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Donglai Zhong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jaewan Mun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey B-H Tok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Kaust Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesbury, MS, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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50
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Vasylenko A, Gamon J, Duff BB, Gusev VV, Daniels LM, Zanella M, Shin JF, Sharp PM, Morscher A, Chen R, Neale AR, Hardwick LJ, Claridge JB, Blanc F, Gaultois MW, Dyer MS, Rosseinsky MJ. Element selection for crystalline inorganic solid discovery guided by unsupervised machine learning of experimentally explored chemistry. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5561. [PMID: 34548485 PMCID: PMC8455628 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The selection of the elements to combine delimits the possible outcomes of synthetic chemistry because it determines the range of compositions and structures, and thus properties, that can arise. For example, in the solid state, the elemental components of a phase field will determine the likelihood of finding a new crystalline material. Researchers make these choices based on their understanding of chemical structure and bonding. Extensive data are available on those element combinations that produce synthetically isolable materials, but it is difficult to assimilate the scale of this information to guide selection from the diversity of potential new chemistries. Here, we show that unsupervised machine learning captures the complex patterns of similarity between element combinations that afford reported crystalline inorganic materials. This model guides prioritisation of quaternary phase fields containing two anions for synthetic exploration to identify lithium solid electrolytes in a collaborative workflow that leads to the discovery of Li3.3SnS3.3Cl0.7. The interstitial site occupancy combination in this defect stuffed wurtzite enables a low-barrier ion transport pathway in hexagonal close-packing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacinthe Gamon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Benjamin B Duff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Vladimir V Gusev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Luke M Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marco Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Felix Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paul M Sharp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Ruiyong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alex R Neale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurence J Hardwick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John B Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael W Gaultois
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew S Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew J Rosseinsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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