1
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Greiner JE, Singh A, Röhr MIS. Functionality optimization for effective singlet fission coupling screening in the full-dimensional molecular and intermolecular coordinate space. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38958634 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01274g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In computational chemistry, accurately predicting molecular configurations that exhibit specific properties remains a critical challenge. Its intricacies become especially evident in the study of molecular aggregates, where the light-induced functionality is tied to highly structure-dependent electronic couplings between molecules. Here, we present an efficient strategy for the targeted screening of the structural space employing a "functionality optimization" technique, in which a chosen descriptor, constrained by the ground state energy expression, is optimized. The chosen algorithmic differentiation (AD) framework allows one to automatically obtain gradients without its tedious implementation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach by identifying perylene bisimide (PBI) dimer motifs with enhanced effective SF coupling. Our findings reveal that certain structural modifications of the PBI monomer, such as helical twisting and bending as well as slipped-rotated packing arrangements, can significantly increase the effective SF coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes E Greiner
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anurag Singh
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle I S Röhr
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Theodor-Boveri Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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2
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Rivas CJ, Mena LD, Baumgartner MT, Jimenez LB. Bay-Substitution of Perylene Bisimides with Bidentate Nucleophiles: The Case of Aryloxide Anions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2764-2770. [PMID: 38271990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we delve into the regioselectivity of nucleophilic reactions involving brominated perylene bisimides (PBIs) and various bidentate aryloxide anions, previously associated with an SRN1 mechanism. We present herein a new perspective, suggesting that a single-electron-transfer aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SeT-SNAr) mechanism is a more plausible scenario. Our study reveals the favorable impact of photostimulation on reaction yields, making our method a convenient approach for accessing O-arylated PBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Rivas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
- INFIQC, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET-UNC), Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Leandro D Mena
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
- INFIQC, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET-UNC), Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - María T Baumgartner
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
- INFIQC, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET-UNC), Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Liliana B Jimenez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
- INFIQC, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (CONICET-UNC), Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Córdoba, X5000HUA, Argentina
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3
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Nagler O, Krause AM, Shoyama K, Stolte M, Dubey RK, Liu L, Xie Z, Würthner F. Yellow Light-Emitting Highly Soluble Perylene Bisimide Dyes by Acetalization of Bay-Hydroxy Groups. Org Lett 2022; 24:6839-6844. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Nagler
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Krause
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajeev K. Dubey
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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4
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He Q, Dexter Tam TL, Lin T, Chien SW, Lin M, Meng H, Huang W, Xu J. π-Extended Poly(benzimidazoanthradiisoquinolinedione) Ladder-type Conjugated Polymer. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1136-1141. [PMID: 36048135 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1960s, poly(benzobisimidazobenzophenathrolinedione) (BBL) has been the only n-type ladder-type conjugated polymer (LCP) that is utilized in thin film electronic devices. Its high electrochemical and thermal stabilities make it a promising candidate for organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and thermoelectrics (OTEs) applications. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a new π-extended poly(benzimidazoanthradiisoquinolinedione) (BAL). The tetrachlorinated BAL (Cl4-BAL) is fully soluble in methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and can be spin-coated into good quality thin films, enabling the fabrication and characterization of OTEs. Doping of Cl4-BAL films using our in-house benzyl viologen radical cation (BV●+) n-dopant shows better electrical air-stability as compared to BBL due to its very low LUMO value (-4.83 eV), making it a promising material toward air-stable n-doped conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang He
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Teck Lip Dexter Tam
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemical, Engineering and Environment (ISCE2), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Tingting Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Sheau Wei Chien
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Ming Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072 P. R. China.,School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 2199 Lishui Road, Shenzhen, 518055 P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemical, Engineering and Environment (ISCE2), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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5
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Li J, Li P, Fan M, Zheng X, Guan J, Yin M. Chirality of Perylene Diimides: Design Strategies and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202532. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Xian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Jun Guan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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6
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Li J, Li P, Fan M, Zheng X, Guan J, Yin M. Chirality of Perylene Diimides: Design Strategies and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering 100029 Beijing CHINA
| | - Pengyu Li
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Mingyu Fan
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Xian Zheng
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Jun Guan
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Meizhen Yin
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering No. 15 Bei San Huan Dong Lu 100029 Beijing CHINA
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7
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Liang XW, Zhang LL, Zhang T, Zhao JP, liu F. Supramolecular Isomorphic Dodecanuclear Cobalt Clusters with Same Metal Shell but Different Core Ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8491-8496. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00915c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report two supramolecular isomorphic dodecanuclear cobalt complexes, [Co12(mtz)3(L)6(NO3)2(OH)(N3)3]•(OH)3 (1) and [Co12(mtz)3(L)6(NO3)2(OH)(N3)(OAc)]•(OH)4 (2), (Hmtz = 5-Methyl-1H-tetrazole, H2L = 7,7′-(ethane-1,1-diyl) diquinolin-8-ol) crystallizing in space group with the same...
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8
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Zeng C, Liu Y, Xue N, Jiang W, Yan S, Wang Z. Monocyclic and Dicyclic Dehydro[20]annulenes Integrated with Perylene Diimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19018-19023. [PMID: 34105225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel kind of monocyclic and dicyclic dehydro[20]annulenes exhibiting specific sizes and topologies from regioselective unilateral ortho-diethynyl PDI, is developed by Cu-catalyzed Glaser-Hay homo-coupling and cross-coupling. Through the integration of electron-deficient PDI chromophores into the dehydroannulene scaffolding, these macrocycles exhibit intense and characteristic absorption properties and the degenerated LUMO levels. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis unambiguously revealed unique porous supramolecular structures, which display micropore characteristics with surface area of 120.74 m2 g-1 . A moderate electron mobility of 0.05 cm2 V-1 s-1 for chlorine-free dehydro[20]annulene based on micrometer-sized single-crystalline transistors was witnessed. The porous and yet semiconducting features signify the prospects of PDI-integrated dehydroannulenes in organic optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yujian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shouke Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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9
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Zeng C, Liu Y, Xue N, Jiang W, Yan S, Wang Z. Monocyclic and Dicyclic Dehydro[20]annulenes Integrated with Perylene Diimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Yujian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Shouke Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics Ministry of Education Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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10
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Renner R, Mahlmeister B, Anhalt O, Stolte M, Würthner F. Chiral Perylene Bisimide Dyes by Interlocked Arene Substituents in the Bay Area. Chemistry 2021; 27:11997-12006. [PMID: 34133048 PMCID: PMC8456824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of perylene bisimide (PBI) dyes bearing various aryl substituents in 1,6,7,12 bay positions has been synthesized by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. These molecules exhibit an exceptionally large and conformationally fixed twist angle of the PBI π-core due to the high steric congestion imparted by the aryl substituents in bay positions. Single crystal X-ray analyses of phenyl-, naphthyl- and pyrenyl-functionalized PBIs reveal interlocked π-π-stacking motifs, leading to conformational chirality and the possibility for the isolation of enantiopure atropoisomers by semipreparative HPLC. The interlocked arrangement endows these molecules with substantial racemization barriers of about 120 kJ mol-1 for the tetraphenyl- and tetra-2-naphthyl-substituted derivatives, which is among the highest racemization barriers for axially chiral PBIs. Variable temperature NMR studies reveal the presence of a multitude of up to fourteen conformational isomers in solution that are interconverted via smaller activation barriers of about 65 kJ mol-1 . The redox and optical properties of these core-twisted PBIs have been characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV/Vis/NIR and fluorescence spectroscopy and their respective atropo-enantiomers were further characterized by circular dichroism (CD) and circular polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Renner
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernhard Mahlmeister
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgTheodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Olga Anhalt
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgTheodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgTheodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgTheodor-Boveri-Weg97074WürzburgGermany
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11
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Hecht M, Würthner F. Supramolecularly Engineered J-Aggregates Based on Perylene Bisimide Dyes. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:642-653. [PMID: 33289387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the self-assembly of cyanine dyes into J-aggregates had a major impact on the development of dye chemistry due to the emergence of new useful properties in the aggregated state. The unique optical features of these J-aggregates are narrowed, bathochromically shifted absorption bands with almost resonant fluorescence with an increased radiative rate that results from the coherently coupled molecular transition dipoles arranged in a slip-stacked fashion. Because of their desirable properties, J-aggregates gained popularity in the field of functional materials and enabled the efficient photosensitization of silver halide grains in color photography. However, despite a good theoretical understanding of structure-property relationships by the molecular exciton model, further examples of J-aggregates remained scarce for a long time as supramolecular designs to guide the formation of dye aggregates into the required slip-stacked arrangement were lacking.Drawing inspiration from the bacteriochlorophyll c self-organization found in the chlorosomal light-harvesting antennas of green sulfur bacteria, we envisioned the use of nature's supramolecular blueprint to develop J-aggregates of perylene bisimides (PBIs). This class of materials is applied in high-performance color pigments and as n-type organic semiconductors in transistors and solar cells. Combining outstanding photochemical and thermal stability, high tinctorial strength and excellent fluorescence, PBIs are therefore an ideal model system for the preparation of J-aggregates with a wide range of potential applications.In this Account, we elucidate how a combination of steric constraints and hydrogen bonding receptor sites can guide the self-assembly of PBI dyes into slip-stacked packing motifs with J-type exciton coupling. We will discuss the supramolecular polymerization of multiple hydrogen-bonded PBI strands in organic and aqueous media and how minor structural modifications in monomeric PBI molecules can be used to obtain near-infrared absorbing J-aggregates, organogels, or thermoresponsive hydrogels. Pushing the boundaries of self-assembly into the bulk, engineering of the substituents' steric requirements by a dendron-wedge approach afforded adjustable numbers of helical strands of PBI J-aggregates in the columnar liquid-crystalline state and the preparation of lamellar phases. To fully explore their potential, we have studied PBI J-aggregates in collaborative work with spectroscopists, physicists, and theoreticians. In this way, exciton migration over distances of up to 180 nm was shown, and insights into the influence of static disorder on the transport of excitation energy in PBI J-aggregates were derived. Furthermore, the application of PBI J-aggregates as functional materials was demonstrated in photonic microcavities, thin-film transistors, and organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Hecht M, Leowanawat P, Gerlach T, Stepanenko V, Stolte M, Lehmann M, Würthner F. Self-Sorting Supramolecular Polymerization: Helical and Lamellar Aggregates of Tetra-Bay-Acyloxy Perylene Bisimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17084-17090. [PMID: 32520408 PMCID: PMC7540443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A new perylene bisimide (PBI), with a fluorescence quantum yield up to unity, self‐assembles into two polymorphic supramolecular polymers. This PBI bears four solubilizing acyloxy substituents at the bay positions and is unsubstituted at the imide position, thereby allowing hydrogen‐bond‐directed self‐assembly in nonpolar solvents. The formation of the polymorphs is controlled by the cooling rate of hot monomer solutions. They show distinctive absorption profiles and morphologies and can be isolated in different polymorphic liquid‐crystalline states. The interchromophoric arrangement causing the spectral features was elucidated, revealing the formation of columnar and lamellar phases, which are formed by either homo‐ or heterochiral self‐assembly, respectively, of the atropoenantiomeric PBIs. Kinetic studies reveal a narcissistic self‐sorting process upon fast cooling, and that the transformation into the heterochiral (racemic) sheetlike self‐assemblies proceeds by dissociation via the monomeric state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Tabea Gerlach
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Hecht M, Leowanawat P, Gerlach T, Stepanenko V, Stolte M, Lehmann M, Würthner F. Self‐Sorting Supramolecular Polymerization: Helical and Lamellar Aggregates of Tetra‐Bay‐Acyloxy Perylene Bisimide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Tabea Gerlach
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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14
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Li B, Li Z, Guo F, Song J, Jiang X, Wang Y, Gao S, Wang J, Pang X, Zhao L, Zhang Y. Realizing Efficient Single Organic Molecular White Light-Emitting Diodes from Conformational Isomerization of Quinazoline-Based Emitters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14233-14243. [PMID: 32103662 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single pure organic molecular white light emitters (SPOMWLEs) are of significance as a new class of material for white lighting applications; however, few of them are able to emit white electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes. Herein, donor-π-acceptor conjugated emitters, 2PQ-PTZ and 4PQ-PTZ, were designed and synthesized as SPOMWLEs for white light emission considering the distinct advantages of their conformation isomers. The coexistence of conformational isomers in 2PQ-PTZ, which is the first experimental evidence of the coexisting quasi-axial and quasi-equatorial conformers, provides ideal flexibility to obtain white light emission from their simultaneous and well-separated fluorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence. With these remarkable properties, a 2PQ-PTZ-based white light-emitting diode (LED) with a CIE of (0.32, 0.34) and color rendering index (CRI) of 89 is demonstrated. Further, the white organic light-emitting diode (OLED) of 2PQ-PTZ exhibits a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.1%, which is the reported highest performance among SPOMWLE-based OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengyun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jinsheng Song
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiyong Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jinzhong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
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15
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Wang J, Chai Z, Wang J, Wang C, Han M, Liao Q, Huang A, Lin P, Li C, Li Q, Li Z. Mechanoluminescence or Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence: Molecular Packing‐Dependent Emission Response. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhaofei Chai
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Can Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Qiuyan Liao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Arui Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Peixuan Lin
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Conggang Li
- China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsThe Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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16
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Günther BAR, Höfener S, Zschieschang U, Wadepohl H, Klauk H, Gade LH. Twisting the TAPPs: Bay-Substituted Non-planar Tetraazapero-pyrenes and their Reduced Anions. Chemistry 2019; 25:14669-14678. [PMID: 31529719 PMCID: PMC7687186 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new synthesis of tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs) starting from a halogenated perylene derivative 3,4,9,10- tetrabromo-1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene (1) gave access to bay-substituted TAPPs for the first time. Selective lithiation of the bromine-positions and subsequent addition of tosyl azide led to the formation of the tetraazidotetrachloroperylene (2), which was subsequently reduced by addition of sodium borohydride to the corresponding tetraaminotetrachloroperylene (3). Oxidation to its semiquinoidal form 4 and subsequent cyclization with acid chlorides gave rise to a series of bay-chlorinated TAPPs. Whereas the aromatic core of the previously studied ortho-substituted TAPPs was found to be planar, the steric pressure of the two chlorine substituents on each side leads to the twist of the peropyrene core of approximately 30 degrees, a structural feature also observed in other bay-substituted perylene derivatives. An experimental and computational analysis reveals that introducing chloride substituents at these positions leads to slightly increased electron affinities (EA) enabling the selective generation and characterization of the reduced mono-anionic radicals and closed shell di-anionic species. These anions were isolated and characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy and EPR or NMR, respectively. Processing of the bay-chlorinated TAPPs in n-channel organic TFTs revealed electron mobilities of 0.001 to 0.003 cm2 V-1 s-1 . These reduced electron mobilities compared to the ortho-halogenated TAPPs are thought to be rooted in the less densely packed solid-state structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A. R. Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) P.O. Box 698076049KarlsruheGermany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-InstitutUniversität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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17
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Wang J, Chai Z, Wang J, Wang C, Han M, Liao Q, Huang A, Lin P, Li C, Li Q, Li Z. Mechanoluminescence or Room-Temperature Phosphorescence: Molecular Packing-Dependent Emission Response. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17297-17302. [PMID: 31529755 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanoluminescence (ML) and room-temperature photophosphorescence (RTP) were achieved in polymorphisms of a triphenylamine derivative with ortho-substitution. This molecular packing-dependent emission afforded crucial information to deeply understand the intrinsic mechanism of different emission forms and the possible packing-function relationship. With the incorporation of solid-state 13 C NMR spectra of single crystals, as well as the analysis of crystal structures, the preferred packing modes for ML and/or RTP were investigated in detail, which can guide the reasonable design of organic molecules with special light-emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhaofei Chai
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Can Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qiuyan Liao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Arui Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Peixuan Lin
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Conggang Li
- China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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18
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Wen X, Nowak‐Król A, Nagler O, Kraus F, Zhu N, Zheng N, Müller M, Schmidt D, Xie Z, Würthner F. Tetrahydroxy‐Perylene Bisimide Embedded in a Zinc Oxide Thin Film as an Electron‐Transporting Layer for High‐Performance Non‐Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Agnieszka Nowak‐Król
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Oliver Nagler
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Felix Kraus
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Na Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Matthias Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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19
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Wen X, Nowak-Król A, Nagler O, Kraus F, Zhu N, Zheng N, Müller M, Schmidt D, Xie Z, Würthner F. Tetrahydroxy-Perylene Bisimide Embedded in a Zinc Oxide Thin Film as an Electron-Transporting Layer for High-Performance Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13051-13055. [PMID: 31353767 PMCID: PMC6772159 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By introduction of four hydroxy (HO) groups into the two perylene bisimide (PBI) bay areas, new HO‐PBI ligands were obtained which upon deprotonation can complex ZnII ions and photosensitize semiconductive zinc oxide thin films. Such coordination is beneficial for dispersing PBI photosensitizer molecules evenly into metal oxide films to fabricate organic–inorganic hybrid interlayers for organic solar cells. Supported by the photoconductive effect of the ZnO:HO‐PBI hybrid interlayers, improved electron collection and transportation is achieved in fullerene and non‐fullerene polymer solar cell devices, leading to remarkable power conversion efficiencies of up to 15.95 % for a non‐fullerene based organic solar cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Agnieszka Nowak-Król
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Nagler
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Kraus
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Na Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Matthias Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Yue B, Zhu L. Dynamic Modulation of Supramolecular Chirality Driven by Factors from Internal to External Levels. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2172-2180. [PMID: 31056851 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chirality, generated by the asymmetric assembly of chiral or achiral molecules, has attracted intense study owing to its potential to offer insights into natural biological structures and its crucial roles in advanced materials. The optical activity and stacking pathway of building molecules both greatly determine the chirality of the whole supramolecular structure. The flexibility of supramolecular structures makes their chirality easy to modulate through abundant means. Adjustment of the molecular structure or packing mode, or external stimuli that act like a finger gently pushing toy bricks, can greatly change the chirality of supramolecular assemblies. The dynamic regulation of chiral nanostructures on the intramolecular, intermolecular, and external levels could be regarded as the modulatory essence in numerous strategies, however, this perspective is ignored in most reviews in the literature. Herein, therefore, we focus on the ingenious dynamic modulation of chiral nanostructures by these factors. Through dynamic modulation with changes in chiroptical spectroscopy and electron microscopy, the mechanism of formation of supramolecular chirality is also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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21
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Kushwaha K, Yu L, Stranius K, Singh SK, Hultmark S, Iqbal MN, Eriksson L, Johnston E, Erhart P, Müller C, Börjesson K. A Record Chromophore Density in High-Entropy Liquids of Two Low-Melting Perylenes: A New Strategy for Liquid Chromophores. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801650. [PMID: 30828534 PMCID: PMC6382313 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromophores constitute a rare but intriguing class of molecules that are in high demand for the design of luminescent inks, liquid semiconductors, and solar energy storage materials. The most common way to achieve liquid chromophores involves the introduction of long alkyl chains, which, however, significantly reduces the chromophore density. Here, strategy is presented that allows for the preparation of liquid chromophores with a minimal increase in molecular weight, using the important class of perylenes as an example. Two synergistic effects are harnessed: (1) the judicious positioning of short alkyl substituents, and (2) equimolar mixing, which in unison results in a liquid material. A series of 1-alkyl perylene derivatives is synthesized and it is found that short ethyl or butyl chains reduce the melting temperature from 278 °C to as little as 70 °C. Then, two low-melting derivatives are mixed, which results in materials that do not crystallize due to the increased configurational entropy of the system. As a result, liquid chromophores with the lowest reported molecular weight increase compared to the neat chromophore are obtained. The mixing strategy is readily applicable to other π-conjugated systems and, hence, promises to yield a wide range of low molecular weight liquid chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgKemigården 441296GothenburgSweden
| | - Liyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden
| | - Kati Stranius
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgKemigården 441296GothenburgSweden
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of PhysicsMaterials and Surface Theory DivisionChalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden
| | - Sandra Hultmark
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden
| | - Muhammad Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Lars Eriksson
- Department of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Eric Johnston
- Sigrid Therapeutics ABSankt Göransgatan 159112 17StockholmSweden
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of PhysicsMaterials and Surface Theory DivisionChalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden
| | - Christian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GothenburgKemigården 441296GothenburgSweden
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22
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Sapotta M, Spenst P, Saha-Möller CR, Würthner F. Guest-mediated chirality transfer in the host–guest complexes of an atropisomeric perylene bisimide cyclophane host. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00172g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chirality transfer upon preferential binding of homochiral guests to one stereoisomer of a conformationally equilibrated atropisomeric cyclophane is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Sapotta
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Peter Spenst
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | | | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Würzburg
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)
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23
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Abstract
Rapid progress in the synthesis of perylene bisimide dyes gave an old scaffold new life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nowak-Król
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Am Hubland
- Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Am Hubland
- Germany
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24
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Dirian K, Bauroth S, Roth A, Syrgiannis Z, Rigodanza F, Burian M, Amenitsch H, Sharapa DI, Prato M, Clark T, Guldi DM. A water-soluble, bay-functionalized perylenediimide derivative - correlating aggregation and excited state dynamics. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:2317-2326. [PMID: 29327015 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07870f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation and the photophysics of a water soluble perylenediimide (PDI) derivative that features two bromine substituents in the bay positions has been probed. Non-fluorescent aggregates were found to be present at concentrations of 1.0 × 10-5 M. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements and complementary molecular modeling showed the presence of PDI aggregates. In their singlet excited states, the PDI aggregates are characterized by distinct transient fingerprints and rapid deactivation, as revealed by pump-probe experiments on the femto-, pico-, nano-, and microsecond timescales. The product of this deactivation is a PDI triplet excited state. The efficiency of the triplet formation depends on the concentration, and hence on the degree of aggregation. Notably, for PDI concentrations in the range of the critical micelle concentration, the efficiency of intersystem crossing is close to zero. In short, we have demonstrated, for the first time, aggregation-induced formation of triplet excited states for PDI derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dirian
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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25
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Li Y, Hong Y, Guo J, Huang X, Wei H, Zhou J, Qiu T, Wu J, Zeng Z. Bay- and Ortho-Octasubstituted Perylenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:5094-5097. [PMID: 28901146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A key intermediate compound, 2,5,8,11-tetrabromo-1,6,7,12-tetrabutoxyperylene (Per-4Br), was synthesized from 3,6-dibromo-2,7-dioxylnaphthalene via simple regioselective oxidative radical-radical coupling, followed by reduction and nucleophilic substitution. Various bay- and ortho-octasubstituted perylenes containing cyano, methoxy and aryl groups were then obtained by nucleophilic substitution or Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions. X-ray crystallographic analyses reveal that these new perylene molecules process a twisted structure due to steric congestion at the bay-regions and there is no obvious intermolecular π-π interaction. As a result, they exhibit moderate fluorescence quantum yields even in solid state. Therefore, Per-4Br can serve as a versatile building block for various functional perylene dyes with tunable optoelectronic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Youhua Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Haipeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, PR China
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