1
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Liu YL, He XC, Gao J, Li KR, Chen K, Xiang HY, Yang H. Visible Light-Induced, Nickel-Catalyzed Late-Stage 4-Alkylation of Hantzsch Esters with Alkyl Bromide. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10987-10997. [PMID: 39037887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Herein, visible light-induced, nickel-catalyzed direct functionalization of the Hantzsch esters (HEs) with readily accessible alkyl bromides has been successfully achieved by taking advantage of HE as the reductant and substrate through an aromatization-dearomatization process. In this strategy, the single electron reduction of alkyl bromides by reactive Ni(I) species is essential for the success of this late-stage transformation. A wide range of 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines were rapidly assembled in moderate to good yields under mild conditions, rendering this photoinduced approach attractive for synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Chen He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Rong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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2
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Thorpe T, Marshall JR, Turner NJ. Multifunctional Biocatalysts for Organic Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7876-7884. [PMID: 38489244 PMCID: PMC10979396 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Biocatalysis is becoming an indispensable tool in organic synthesis due to high enzymatic catalytic efficiency as well as exquisite chemo- and stereoselectivity. Some biocatalysts display great promiscuity including a broad substrate scope as well as the ability to catalyze more than one type of transformation. These promiscuous activities have been applied individually to efficiently access numerous valuable target molecules. However, systems in which enzymes possessing multiple different catalytic activities are applied in the synthesis are less well developed. Such multifunctional biocatalysts (MFBs) would simplify chemical synthesis by reducing the number of operational steps and enzyme count, as well as simplifying the sequence space that needs to be engineered to develop an efficient biocatalyst. In this Perspective, we highlight recently reported MFBs focusing on their synthetic utility and mechanism. We also offer insight into their origin as well as comment on potential strategies for their discovery and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
W. Thorpe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester,
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, United Kingdom, M1
7DN
| | - James R. Marshall
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester,
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, United Kingdom, M1
7DN
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester,
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, United Kingdom, M1
7DN
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3
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Liu ZX, Gao YD, Yang LC. Biocatalytic Hydrogen-Borrowing Cascade in Organic Synthesis. JACS AU 2024; 4:877-892. [PMID: 38559715 PMCID: PMC10976568 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Biocatalytic hydrogen borrowing represents an environmentally friendly and highly efficient synthetic method. This innovative approach involves converting various substrates into high-value-added products, typically via a one-pot, two/three-step sequence encompassing dehydrogenation (intermediate transformation) and hydrogenation processes employing the hydride shuffling between NAD(P)+ and NAD(P)H. Represented key transformations in hydrogen borrowing include stereoisomer conversion within alcohols, conversion between alcohols and amines, conversion of allylic alcohols to saturated carbonyl counterparts, and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to saturated carboxylic acids, etc. The direct transformation methodology and environmentally benign characteristics of hydrogen borrowing have contributed to its advancements in fine chemical synthesis or drug developments. Over the past decades, the hydrogen borrowing strategy in biocatalysis has led to the creation of diverse catalytic systems, demonstrating substantial potential for straightforward synthesis as well as asymmetric transformations. This perspective serves as a detailed exposition of the recent advancements in biocatalytic reactions employing the hydrogen borrowing strategy. It provides insights into the potential of this approach for future development, shedding light on its promising prospects in the field of biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance
and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute
of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking
Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance
and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute
of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking
Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance
and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute
of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking
Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P. R. China
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4
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Hooe SL, Smith AD, Dean SN, Breger JC, Ellis GA, Medintz IL. Multienzymatic Cascades and Nanomaterial Scaffolding-A Potential Way Forward for the Efficient Biosynthesis of Novel Chemical Products. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309963. [PMID: 37944537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is touted as the next industrial revolution as it promises access to greener biocatalytic syntheses to replace many industrial organic chemistries. Here, it is shown to what synthetic biology can offer in the form of multienzyme cascades for the synthesis of the most basic of new materials-chemicals, including especially designer chemical products and their analogs. Since achieving this is predicated on dramatically expanding the chemical space that enzymes access, such chemistry will probably be undertaken in cell-free or minimalist formats to overcome the inherent toxicity of non-natural substrates to living cells. Laying out relevant aspects that need to be considered in the design of multi-enzymatic cascades for these purposes is begun. Representative multienzymatic cascades are critically reviewed, which have been specifically developed for the synthesis of compounds that have either been made only by traditional organic synthesis along with those cascades utilized for novel compound syntheses. Lastly, an overview of strategies that look toward exploiting bio/nanomaterials for accessing channeling and other nanoscale materials phenomena in vitro to direct novel enzymatic biosynthesis and improve catalytic efficiency is provided. Finally, a perspective on what is needed for this field to develop in the short and long term is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L Hooe
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
- National Research Council, Washington, DC, 20001, USA
| | - Aaron D Smith
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Scott N Dean
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Gregory A Ellis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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5
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Yuan B, Yang D, Qu G, Turner NJ, Sun Z. Biocatalytic reductive aminations with NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes: enzyme discovery, engineering and synthetic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:227-262. [PMID: 38059509 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral amines are pivotal building blocks for the pharmaceutical industry. Asymmetric reductive amination is one of the most efficient and atom economic methodologies for the synthesis of optically active amines. Among the various strategies available, NAD(P)H-dependent amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs) and imine reductases (IREDs) are robust enzymes that are available from various sources and capable of utilizing a broad range of substrates with high activities and stereoselectivities. AmDHs and IREDs operate via similar mechanisms, both involving a carbinolamine intermediate followed by hydride transfer from the co-factor. In addition, both groups catalyze the formation of primary and secondary amines utilizing both organic and inorganic amine donors. In this review, we discuss advances in developing AmDHs and IREDs as biocatalysts and focus on evolutionary history, substrate scope and applications of the enzymes to provide an outlook on emerging industrial biotechnologies of chiral amine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dameng Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Ge Qu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
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6
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Grandi E, Feyza Özgen F, Schmidt S, Poelarends GJ. Enzymatic Oxy- and Amino-Functionalization in Biocatalytic Cascade Synthesis: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309012. [PMID: 37639631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic cascades are a powerful tool for building complex molecules containing oxygen and nitrogen functionalities. Moreover, the combination of multiple enzymes in one pot offers the possibility to minimize downstream processing and waste production. In this review, we illustrate various recent efforts in the development of multi-step syntheses involving C-O and C-N bond-forming enzymes to produce high value-added compounds, such as pharmaceuticals and polymer precursors. Both in vitro and in vivo examples are discussed, revealing the respective advantages and drawbacks. The use of engineered enzymes to boost the cascades outcome is also addressed and current co-substrate and cofactor recycling strategies are presented, highlighting the importance of atom economy. Finally, tools to overcome current challenges for multi-enzymatic oxy- and amino-functionalization reactions are discussed, including flow systems with immobilized biocatalysts and cascades in confined nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fatma Feyza Özgen
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandy Schmidt
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Sahlin J, Wu C, Buscemi A, Schärer C, Nazemi SA, S K R, Herrera-Reinoza N, Jung TA, Shahgaldian P. Nanobiocatalysts with inbuilt cofactor recycling for oxidoreductase catalysis in organic solvents. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5036-5044. [PMID: 37705789 PMCID: PMC10496889 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The major stumbling block in the implementation of oxidoreductase enzymes in continuous processes is their stark dependence on costly cofactors that are insoluble in organic solvents. We describe a chemical strategy that allows producing nanobiocatalysts, based on an oxidoreductase enzyme, that performs biocatalytic reactions in hydrophobic organic solvents without external cofactors. The chemical design relies on the use of a silica-based carrier nanoparticle, of which the porosity can be exploited to create an aqueous reservoir containing the cofactor. The nanoparticle core, possessing radial-centred pore channels, serves as a cofactor reservoir. It is further covered with a layer of reduced porosity. This layer serves as a support for the immobilisation of the selected enzyme yet allowing the diffusion of the cofactor from the nanoparticle core. The immobilised enzyme is, in turn, shielded by an organosilica layer of controlled thickness fully covering the enzyme. Such produced nanobiocatalysts are shown to catalyse the reduction of a series of relevant ketones into the corresponding secondary alcohols, also in a continuous flow fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sahlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Congyu Wu
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Andrea Buscemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Claude Schärer
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Seyed Amirabbas Nazemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Rejaul S K
- Institute of Physics, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
| | - Nataly Herrera-Reinoza
- Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen CH-5232 Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Jung
- Institute of Physics, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
- Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen CH-5232 Switzerland
| | - Patrick Shahgaldian
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
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8
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Gao Y, Hong G, Yang BM, Zhao Y. Enantioconvergent transformations of secondary alcohols through borrowing hydrogen catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5541-5562. [PMID: 37519093 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00424d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Direct substitution of readily available alcohols is recognized as a key research area in green chemical synthesis. Starting from simple racemic secondary alcohols, the achievement of catalytic enantioconvergent transformations of the substrates will be highly desirable for efficient access to valuable enantiopure compounds. To accomplish such attractive yet challenging transformations, the strategy of the enantioconvergent borrowing hydrogen methodology has proven to be uniquely effective and versatile. This review aims to provide an overview of the impressive progress made on this topic of research that has only thrived in the past decade. In particular, the conversion of racemic secondary alcohols to enantioenriched chiral amines, N-heterocycles, higher-order alcohols and ketones will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Gao
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China.
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Guorong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Bin-Miao Yang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China.
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9
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Liang J, Wu L, Li Z, Liu Y, Ding N, Dong Z. Preparation of core-shell catalyst for the tandem reaction of amino compounds with aldehydes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5186-5196. [PMID: 36777936 PMCID: PMC9909682 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous noble metal-based catalysts with stable, precise structures and high catalytic performance are of great research interest for sustainable catalysis. In this article, we designed a novel core-shell catalyst, Pd@UiO-66-NH2@mSiO2, with Pd@UiO-66-NH2 as the core and mesoporous SiO2 (mSiO2) as the shell. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurement results demonstrated that the obtained catalyst has an excellent core-shell structure. It can significantly prevent the aggregation of Pd nanoparticles (NPs), as well as the leaching of Pd NPs during the reaction process, owing to the protective effect of mSiO2. During the tandem reaction of aniline and benzaldehyde to generate secondary amines, the prepared Pd@UiO-66-NH2@mSiO2 is highly efficient, due to the strong acid sites provided by UiO-66-NH2 and the hydrogenation reduction sites provided by Pd NPs. Meanwhile, the Pd@UiO-66-NH2@mSiO2 with porous structure can also enhance the mass transfer of reactants to improve the reaction efficiency. Additionally, the prepared catalyst was used to catalyze the series reaction of amino compounds and aldehydes, and the results showed that just 5 mg of the catalyst can convert more than 99% of the reactants within 60 minutes in the presence of 1 atm H2 at room temperature. Finally, the selectivity and stability of the as-prepared catalyst were also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Liang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 PR China +86 931 4512932 +86 931 4512932
| | - Lan Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 PR China +86 931 4512932 +86 931 4512932
| | - Zhenhua Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 PR China +86 931 4512932 +86 931 4512932
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 PR China +86 931 4512932 +86 931 4512932
| | - Nana Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou Gansu 730030 PR China +86 931 4512932 +86 931 4512932
| | - Zhengping Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 PR China
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10
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Taday F, Ryan J, O’Sullivan R, O’Reilly E. Transaminase-Mediated Amine Borrowing via Shuttle Biocatalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:74-79. [PMID: 34910480 PMCID: PMC8762705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shuttle catalysis has emerged as a useful methodology for the reversible transfer of small functional groups, such as CO and HCN, and goes far beyond transfer hydrogenation chemistry. While a biocatalytic hydrogen-borrowing methodology is well established, the biocatalytic borrowing of alternative functional groups has not yet been realized. Herein, we present a new concept of amine borrowing via biocatalytic shuttle catalysis, which has no counterpart in chemo-shuttle catalysis and allows efficient intermolecular amine shuttling to generate reactive intermediates in situ. By coupling this dynamic exchange with an irreversible downstream step to displace the reaction equilibrium in the forward direction, high conversion to target products can be achieved. We showcase the potential of this amine-borrowing methodology using a biocatalytic equivalent of both the Knorr-pyrrole synthesis and Pictet-Spengler reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya Taday
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham,
University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - James Ryan
- School
of Chemistry, Science Centre South, University
College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rachel O’Sullivan
- School
of Chemistry, Science Centre South, University
College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elaine O’Reilly
- School
of Chemistry, Science Centre South, University
College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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11
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Gilio AK, Thorpe TW, Turner N, Grogan G. Reductive aminations by imine reductases: from milligrams to tons. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4697-4713. [PMID: 35655886 PMCID: PMC9067572 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of secondary and tertiary amines through the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds is one of the most significant reactions in synthetic chemistry. Asymmetric reductive amination for the formation of chiral amines, which are required for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other bioactive molecules, is often achieved through transition metal catalysis, but biocatalytic methods of chiral amine production have also been a focus of interest owing to their selectivity and sustainability. The discovery of asymmetric reductive amination by imine reductase (IRED) and reductive aminase (RedAm) enzymes has served as the starting point for a new industrial approach to the production of chiral amines, leading from laboratory-scale milligram transformations to ton-scale reactions that are now described in the public domain. In this perspective we trace the development of the IRED-catalyzed reductive amination reaction from its discovery to its industrial application on kg to ton scale. In addition to surveying examples of the synthetic chemistry that has been achieved with the enzymes, the contribution of structure and protein engineering to the understanding of IRED-catalyzed reductive amination is described, and the consequent benefits for activity, selectivity and stability in the design of process suitable catalysts. IRED-catalyzed reductive aminations have progressed from mg to ton scale, through advances in enzyme discovery, protein engineering and process biocatalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K. Gilio
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Thomas W. Thorpe
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Nicholas Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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12
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Wang Y, Liu L, Sang K, Wang Y, Zhang C, Dong H, Bai J. An efficient chiral porous catalyst support – Hypercrosslinked amino acid polymer. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Sangster JJ, Marshall JR, Turner NJ, Mangas-Sanchez J. New Trends and Future Opportunities in the Enzymatic Formation of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100464. [PMID: 34726813 PMCID: PMC9401909 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic chemistry provides society with fundamental products we use daily. Concerns about the impact that the chemical industry has over the environment is propelling major changes in the way we manufacture chemicals. Biocatalysis offers an alternative to other synthetic approaches as it employs enzymes, Nature's catalysts, to carry out chemical transformations. Enzymes are biodegradable, come from renewable sources, operate under mild reaction conditions, and display high selectivities in the processes they catalyse. As a highly multidisciplinary field, biocatalysis benefits from advances in different areas, and developments in the fields of molecular biology, bioinformatics, and chemical engineering have accelerated the extension of the range of available transformations (E. L. Bell et al., Nat. Rev. Meth. Prim. 2021, 1, 1-21). Recently, we surveyed advances in the expansion of the scope of biocatalysis via enzyme discovery and protein engineering (J. R. Marshall et al., Tetrahedron 2021, 82, 131926). Herein, we focus on novel enzymes currently available to the broad synthetic community for the construction of new C-C, C-N and C-O bonds, with the purpose of providing the non-specialist with new and alternative tools for chiral and sustainable chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack J Sangster
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - James R Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Juan Mangas-Sanchez
- Institute of Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,ARAID Foundation, Zaragoza, Spain
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14
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Mathew S, Sagadevan A, Renn D, Rueping M. One-Pot Chemoenzymatic Conversion of Alkynes to Chiral Amines. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Mathew
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunachalam Sagadevan
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dominik Renn
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55 Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55 Aachen 52074, Germany
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15
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Subaramanian M, Sivakumar G, Balaraman E. First-Row Transition-Metal Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenation and Related Reactions: A Personal Account. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3839-3871. [PMID: 34415674 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of sustainable catalytic protocols that circumvent the use of expensive and precious metal catalysts and avoid toxic reagents plays a crucial role in organic synthesis. Indeed, the direct employment of simple and abundantly available feedstock chemicals as the starting materials broadens their synthetic application in contemporary research. In particular, the transition metal-catalyzed diversification of alcohols with various nucleophilic partners to construct a wide range of building blocks is a powerful and highly desirable methodology. Moreover, the replacement of precious metal catalysts by non-precious and less toxic metals for selective transformations is one of the main goals and has been paid significant attention to in modern chemistry. In view of this, the first-row transition metal catalysts find extensive applications in various synthetic transformations such as catalytic hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and related reactions. Herein, we have disclosed our recent developments on the base-metal catalysis such as Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni for the acceptorless dehydrogenation reactions and its application in the C-C and C-N bond formation via hydrogen auto-transfer (HA) and acceptorless dehydrogenation coupling (ADC) reactions. These HA/ADC protocols employ alcohol as alkylating agents and eliminate water and/or hydrogen gas as by-products, representing highly atom-efficient and environmentally benign reactions. Furthermore, diverse simple to complex organic molecules synthesis by C-C and C-N bond formation using feedstock alcohols are also overviewed. Overall, this account deals with the contribution and development of efficient and novel homogeneous as well as heterogeneous base-metal catalysts for sustainable chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Subaramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Ganesan Sivakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Ekambaram Balaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
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16
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Banik A, Ahmed J, Sil S, Mandal SK. Mimicking transition metals in borrowing hydrogen from alcohols. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8353-8361. [PMID: 34221316 PMCID: PMC8221061 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01681d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrowing hydrogen from alcohols, storing it on a catalyst and subsequent transfer of the hydrogen from the catalyst to an in situ generated imine is the hallmark of a transition metal mediated catalytic N-alkylation of amines. However, such a borrowing hydrogen mechanism with a transition metal free catalytic system which stores hydrogen molecules in the catalyst backbone is yet to be established. Herein, we demonstrate that a phenalenyl ligand can imitate the role of transition metals in storing and transferring hydrogen molecules leading to borrowing hydrogen mediated alkylation of anilines by alcohols including a wide range of substrate scope. A close inspection of the mechanistic pathway by characterizing several intermediates through various spectroscopic techniques, deuterium labelling experiments, and DFT study concluded that the phenalenyl radical based backbone sequentially adds H+, H˙ and an electron through a dearomatization process which are subsequently used as reducing equivalents to the C-N double bond in a catalytic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Banik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Swagata Sil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
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17
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Reed-Berendt B, Latham DE, Dambatta MB, Morrill LC. Borrowing Hydrogen for Organic Synthesis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:570-585. [PMID: 34056087 PMCID: PMC8155478 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Borrowing hydrogen is a process that is used to diversify the synthetic utility of commodity alcohols. A catalyst first oxidizes an alcohol by removing hydrogen to form a reactive carbonyl compound. This intermediate can undergo a diverse range of subsequent transformations before the catalyst returns the "borrowed" hydrogen to liberate the product and regenerate the catalyst. In this way, alcohols may be used as alkylating agents whereby the sole byproduct of this one-pot reaction is water. In recent decades, significant advances have been made in this area, demonstrating many effective methods to access valuable products. This outlook highlights the diversity of metal and biocatalysts that are available for this approach, as well as the various transformations that can be performed, focusing on a selection of the most significant and recent advances. By succinctly describing and conveying the versatility of borrowing hydrogen chemistry, we anticipate its uptake will increase across a wider scientific audience, expanding opportunities for further development.
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18
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Musa MM, Vieille C, Phillips RS. Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenases from Thermoanaerobacter pseudoethanolicus and Thermoanaerobacter brockii as Robust Catalysts. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1884-1893. [PMID: 33594812 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are an important type of enzyme that have significant applications as biocatalysts. Secondary ADHs from Thermoanaerobacter pseudoethanolicus (TeSADH) and Thermoanaerobacter brockii (TbSADH) are well-known as robust catalysts. However, like most other ADHs, these enzymes suffer from their high substrate specificities (i. e., limited substrate scope), which to some extent restricts their use as biocatalysts. This minireview discusses recent efforts to expand the substrate scope and tune the enantioselectivity of TeSADH and TbSADH by using site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution. Various examples of asymmetric synthesis of optically active alcohols using both enzymes are highlighted. Moreover, the unique thermal stability and organic solvent tolerance of these enzymes is illustrated by their concurrent inclusion with other interesting reactions to synthesize optically active alcohols and amines. For instance, TeSADH has been used in quantitative non-stereoselective oxidation of alcohols to deracemize alcohols via cyclic deracemization and in the racemization of enantiopure alcohols to accomplish a bienzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa M Musa
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claire Vieille
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert S Phillips
- Department of Chemistry and, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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19
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Gandomkar S, Rocha R, Sorgenfrei FA, Montero LM, Fuchs M, Kroutil W. PQQ-dependent Dehydrogenase Enables One-pot Bi-enzymatic Enantio-convergent Biocatalytic Amination of Racemic sec-Allylic Alcohols. ChemCatChem 2021; 13:1290-1293. [PMID: 33777250 PMCID: PMC7986696 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric amination of secondary racemic allylic alcohols bears several challenges like the reactivity of the bi-functional substrate/product as well as of the α,β-unsaturated ketone intermediate in an oxidation-reductive amination sequence. Heading for a biocatalytic amination cascade with a minimal number of enzymes, an oxidation step was implemented relying on a single PQQ-dependent dehydrogenase with low enantioselectivity. This enzyme allowed the oxidation of both enantiomers at the expense of iron(III) as oxidant. The stereoselective amination of the α,β-unsaturated ketone intermediate was achieved with transaminases using 1-phenylethylamine as formal reducing agent as well as nitrogen source. Choosing an appropriate transaminase, either the (R)- or (S)-enantiomer was obtained in optically pure form (>98 % ee). The enantio-convergent amination of the racemic allylic alcohols to one single allylic amine enantiomer was achieved in one pot in a sequential cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Rocha
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Frieda A. Sorgenfrei
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz8010GrazAustria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/oUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | | | - Michael Fuchs
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Graz, NAWI Graz8010GrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BioHealthUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
- BioTechMed Graz8010GrazAustria
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20
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Wang Z, Sundara Sekar B, Li Z. Recent advances in artificial enzyme cascades for the production of value-added chemicals. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124551. [PMID: 33360113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme cascades are efficient tools to perform multi-step synthesis in one-pot in a green and sustainable manner, enabling non-natural synthesis of valuable chemicals from easily available substrates by artificially combining two or more enzymes. Bioproduction of many high-value chemicals such as chiral and highly functionalised molecules have been achieved by developing new enzyme cascades. This review summarizes recent advances on engineering and application of enzyme cascades to produce high-value chemicals (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines, carboxylic acids, etc) from simple starting materials. While 2-step enzyme cascades are developed for versatile enantioselective synthesis, multi-step enzyme cascades are engineered to functionalise basic chemicals, such as styrenes, cyclic alkanes, and aromatic compounds. New cascade reactions have also been developed for producing valuable chemicals from bio-based substrates, such as ʟ-phenylalanine, and renewable feedstocks such as glucose and glycerol. The challenges in current process and future outlooks in the development of enzyme cascades are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Balaji Sundara Sekar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
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21
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Finnigan W, Hepworth LJ, Flitsch SL, Turner NJ. RetroBioCat as a computer-aided synthesis planning tool for biocatalytic reactions and cascades. Nat Catal 2021; 4:98-104. [PMID: 33604511 PMCID: PMC7116764 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-00556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As the enzyme toolbox for biocatalysis has expanded, so has the potential for the construction of powerful enzymatic cascades for efficient and selective synthesis of target molecules. Additionally, recent advances in computer-aided synthesis planning are revolutionising synthesis design in both synthetic biology and organic chemistry. However, the potential for biocatalysis is not well captured by tools currently available in either field. Here we present RetroBioCat, an intuitive and accessible tool for computer-aided design of biocatalytic cascades, freely available at retrobiocat.com. Our approach uses a set of expertly encoded reaction rules encompassing the enzyme toolbox for biocatalysis, and a system for identifying literature precedent for enzymes with the correct substrate specificity where this is available. Applying these rules for automated biocatalytic retrosynthesis, we show our tool to be capable of identifying promising biocatalytic pathways to target molecules, validated using a test-set of recent cascades described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Finnigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Lorna J Hepworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
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22
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Çiçek M, Gürbüz N, Özdemir N, Özdemir İ, İspir E. Half-sandwich Ru( ii) arene complexes bearing benzimidazole ligands for the N-alkylation reaction of aniline with alcohols in a solvent-free medium. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01539g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the direct N-alkylation reactions of amines with alcohol derivatives using the borrowing hydrogen methodology have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Çiçek
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Arts
- Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University
- Kahramanmaraş
- Turkey
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Catalysis Research and Application Center
- Inönü University
- 44280 Malatya
- Turkey
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Namık Özdemir
- Ondokuz Mayıs University
- Faculty of Education
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education
- 9055139 Samsun
- Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Catalysis Research and Application Center
- Inönü University
- 44280 Malatya
- Turkey
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Esin İspir
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Arts
- Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University
- Kahramanmaraş
- Turkey
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23
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Stockinger P, Schelle L, Schober B, Buchholz PCF, Pleiss J, Nestl BM. Engineering of Thermostable β-Hydroxyacid Dehydrogenase for the Asymmetric Reduction of Imines. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3511-3514. [PMID: 32939899 PMCID: PMC7756219 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The β-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase from Thermocrinus albus (Ta-βHAD), which catalyzes the NADP+ -dependent oxidation of β-hydroxyacids, was engineered to accept imines as substrates. The catalytic activity of the proton-donor variant K189D was further increased by the introduction of two nonpolar flanking residues (N192 L, N193 L). Engineering the putative alternative proton donor (D258S) and the gate-keeping residue (F250 A) led to a switched substrate specificity as compared to the single and triple variants. The two most active Ta-βHAD variants were applied to biocatalytic asymmetric reductions of imines at elevated temperatures and enabled enhanced product formation at a reaction temperature of 50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stockinger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Luca Schelle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Benedikt Schober
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Patrick C. F. Buchholz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Bettina M. Nestl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical BiochemistryDepartment of Technical BiochemistryUniversity of StuttgartAllmandring 3170569StuttgartGermany
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24
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25
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Tian K, Li Z. A Simple Biosystem for the High‐Yielding Cascade Conversion of Racemic Alcohols to Enantiopure Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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26
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Cheng B, Wan L, Armstrong FA. Progress in Scaling up and Streamlining a Nanoconfined, Enzyme-Catalyzed Electrochemical Nicotinamide Recycling System for Biocatalytic Synthesis. ChemElectroChem 2020; 7:4672-4678. [PMID: 33381377 PMCID: PMC7756331 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemically driven nicotinamide recycling system, referred to as the 'electrochemical leaf' has unique attributes that may suit it to the small-scale industrial synthesis of high-value chemicals. A complete enzyme cascade can be immobilized within the channels of a nanoporous electrode, allowing complex reactions to be energized, controlled and monitored continuously in real time. The electrode is easily prepared by depositing commercially available indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles on a Ti support, resulting in a network of nanopores into which enzymes enter and bind. One of the enzymes is the photosynthetic flavoenzyme, ferredoxin NADP+ reductase (FNR), which catalyzes the quasi-reversible electrochemical recycling of NADP(H) and serves as the transducer. The second enzyme is any NADP(H)-dependent dehydrogenase of choice, and further enzymes can be added to build elaborate cascades that are driven in either oxidation or reduction directions through the rapid recycling of NADP(H) within the pores. In this Article, we describe the measurement of key enzyme/cofactor parameters and an essentially linear scale-up from an analytical scale 4 mL reactor with a 14 cm2 electrode to a 500 mL reactor with a 500 cm2 electrode. We discuss the advantages (energization, continuous monitoring that can be linked to a computer, natural enzyme immobilization, low costs of electrodes and low cofactor requirements) and challenges to be addressed (optimizing minimal use of enzyme applied to the electrode).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beichen Cheng
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordInorganic Chemistry LaboratorySouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QR
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordInorganic Chemistry LaboratorySouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QR
| | - Fraser A. Armstrong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordInorganic Chemistry LaboratorySouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QR
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27
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Pothikumar R, Bhat VT, Namitharan K. Pyridine mediated transition-metal-free direct alkylation of anilines using alcohols via borrowing hydrogen conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13607-13610. [PMID: 33057478 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05912a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report pyridine and other similar azaaromatics as efficient biomimetic hydrogen shuttles for a transition-metal-free direct N-alkylation of aryl and heteroaryl amines using a variety of benzylic and straight chain alcohols. Mechanistic studies including deuterium labeling and the isolation of dihydro-intermediates of the benzannulated pyridine confirmed the role of pyridine and a borrowing hydrogen process operating in these reactions. In addition, we have extended this methodology for the development of dehydrogenative synthesis of quinolines and indoles, as well as the transfer hydrogenation of ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajagopal Pothikumar
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
| | - Venugopal T Bhat
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
| | - Kayambu Namitharan
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Laboratory SRM Research Institute and Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
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28
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Kwok T, Hoff O, Armstrong RJ, Donohoe TJ. Control of Absolute Stereochemistry in Transition-Metal-Catalysed Hydrogen-Borrowing Reactions. Chemistry 2020; 26:12912-12926. [PMID: 32297370 PMCID: PMC7589454 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-borrowing catalysis represents a powerful method for the alkylation of amine or enolate nucleophiles with non-activated alcohols. This approach relies upon a catalyst that can mediate a strategic series of redox events, enabling the formation of C-C and C-N bonds and producing water as the sole by-product. In the majority of cases these reactions have been employed to target achiral or racemic products. In contrast, the focus of this Minireview is upon hydrogen-borrowing-catalysed reactions in which the absolute stereochemical outcome of the process can be controlled. Asymmetric hydrogen-borrowing catalysis is rapidly emerging as a powerful approach for the synthesis of enantioenriched amine and carbonyl containing products and examples involving both C-N and C-C bond formation are presented. A variety of different approaches are discussed including use of chiral auxiliaries, asymmetric catalysis and enantiospecific processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Kwok
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Oskar Hoff
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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29
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Cosgrove SC, Thompson MP, Ahmed ST, Parmeggiani F, Turner NJ. One-Pot Synthesis of Chiral N-Arylamines by Combining Biocatalytic Aminations with Buchwald-Hartwig N-Arylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18156-18160. [PMID: 32628797 PMCID: PMC7590080 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The combination of biocatalysis and chemo-catalysis increasingly offers chemists access to more diverse chemical architectures. Here, we describe the combination of a toolbox of chiral-amine-producing biocatalysts with a Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction, affording a variety of α-chiral aniline derivatives. The use of a surfactant allowed reactions to be performed sequentially in the same flask, preventing the palladium catalyst from being inhibited by the high concentrations of ammonia, salts, or buffers present in the aqueous media in most cases. The methodology was further extended by combining with a dual-enzyme biocatalytic hydrogen-borrowing cascade in one pot to allow for the conversion of a racemic alcohol to a chiral aniline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C. Cosgrove
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
- Future Biomanufacturing Research HubUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Matthew P. Thompson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
- Current address: EnginZyme ABTomtebodavägen 6, House A1, Floor 417165SolnaSweden
| | - Syed T. Ahmed
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”Politecnico di MilanoVia Mancinelli 720131MilanoItaly
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
- Future Biomanufacturing Research HubUniversity of ManchesterManchester Institute of Biotechnology131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
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30
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Bao QF, Xia Y, Li M, Wang YZ, Liang YM. Visible-Light-Mediated Trifluoromethylation/Benzylation of Styrenes Catalyzed by 4-CzIPN. Org Lett 2020; 22:7757-7761. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Fei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu-Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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31
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Tian K, Li Z. A Simple Biosystem for the High-Yielding Cascade Conversion of Racemic Alcohols to Enantiopure Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21745-21751. [PMID: 32776678 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The amination of racemic alcohols to produce enantiopure amines is an important green chemistry reaction for pharmaceutical manufacturing, requiring simple and efficient solutions. Herein, we report the development of a cascade biotransformation to aminate racemic alcohols. This cascade utilizes an ambidextrous alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) to oxidize a racemic alcohol, an enantioselective transaminase (TA) to convert the ketone intermediate to chiral amine, and isopropylamine to recycle PMP and NAD+ cofactors via the reversed cascade reactions. The concept was proven by using an ambidextrous CpSADH-W286A engineered from (S)-enantioselective CpSADH as the first example of evolving ambidextrous ADHs, an enantioselective BmTA, and isopropylamine. A biosystem containing isopropylamine and E. coli (CpSADH-W286A/BmTA) expressing the two enzymes was developed for the amination of racemic alcohols to produce eight useful and high-value (S)-amines in 72-99 % yield and 98-99 % ee, providing with a simple and practical solution to this type of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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32
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One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral
N
‐Arylamines by Combining Biocatalytic Aminations with Buchwald–Hartwig
N
‐Arylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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33
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Chakraborty P, Garg N, Manoury E, Poli R, Sundararaju B. C-Alkylation of Various Carbonucleophiles with Secondary Alcohols under CoIII-Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Garg
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Eric Manoury
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Rinaldo Poli
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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34
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Nori V, Arcadi A, Carlone A, Marinelli F, Chiarini M. Palladium-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective synthesis of aryl and 3-indolyl-substituted 4-methylene-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1( 2H)-ones. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1084-1091. [PMID: 32550923 PMCID: PMC7277796 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cascade cyclocarbopalladation of the readily available aryl/alkyl-substituted propargylic amides containing an aryl iodide moiety, followed by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling with arylboronic acids, allowed an efficient regio- and stereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted 4-methylene-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones. Moreover, cascade cyclocarbopalladation, followed by the reaction with 2-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides, accomplished a double cyclization to afford challenging 4-methylene-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones bearing a 3-indolyl substituent through aminopalladation/reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Nori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università di L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Antonio Arcadi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università di L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Armando Carlone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università di L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Fabio Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università di L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 Coppito (AQ), Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari e Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Via Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo (Te), Italy
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35
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Finnigan W, Citoler J, Cosgrove SC, Turner NJ. Rapid Model-Based Optimization of a Two-Enzyme System for Continuous Reductive Amination in Flow. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Finnigan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Citoler
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian C. Cosgrove
- Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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36
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Montgomery SL, Pushpanath A, Heath RS, Marshall JR, Klemstein U, Galman JL, Woodlock D, Bisagni S, Taylor CJ, Mangas-Sanchez J, Ramsden JI, Dominguez B, Turner NJ. Characterization of imine reductases in reductive amination for the exploration of structure-activity relationships. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay9320. [PMID: 32494734 PMCID: PMC7244260 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Imine reductases (IREDs) have shown great potential as catalysts for the asymmetric synthesis of industrially relevant chiral amines, but a limited understanding of sequence activity relationships makes rational engineering challenging. Here, we describe the characterization of 80 putative and 15 previously described IREDs across 10 different transformations and confirm that reductive amination catalysis is not limited to any particular subgroup or sequence motif. Furthermore, we have identified another dehydrogenase subgroup with chemoselectivity for imine reduction. Enantioselectivities were determined for the reduction of the model substrate 2-phenylpiperideine, and the effect of changing the reaction conditions was also studied for the reductive aminations of 1-indanone, acetophenone, and 4-methoxyphenylacetone. We have performed sequence-structure analysis to help explain clusters in activity across a phylogenetic tree and to inform rational engineering, which, in one case, has conferred a change in chemoselectivity that had not been previously observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Montgomery
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Ahir Pushpanath
- Johnson Matthey, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, UK
| | - Rachel S. Heath
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - James R. Marshall
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Ulrike Klemstein
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - James L. Galman
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - David Woodlock
- Johnson Matthey, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, UK
| | - Serena Bisagni
- Johnson Matthey, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, UK
| | - Christopher J. Taylor
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - J. Mangas-Sanchez
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - J. I. Ramsden
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Beatriz Dominguez
- Johnson Matthey, 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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37
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Koesoema AA, Standley DM, Senda T, Matsuda T. Impact and relevance of alcohol dehydrogenase enantioselectivities on biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2897-2909. [PMID: 32060695 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the reversible reduction of a carbonyl group to its corresponding alcohol. ADHs are widely employed for organic synthesis due to their lack of harm to the environment, broad substrate acceptance, and high enantioselectivity. This review focuses on the impact and relevance of ADH enantioselectivities on their biotechnological application. Stereoselective ADHs are beneficial to reduce challenging ketones such as ketones owning two bulky substituents or similar-sized substituents to the carbonyl carbon. Meanwhile, in cascade reactions, non-stereoselective ADHs can be utilized for the quantitative oxidation of racemic alcohol to ketone and dynamic kinetic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afifa Ayu Koesoema
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Department of Genome Informatics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute of Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiya Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Tomoko Matsuda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
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38
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Peng Y, Li D, Fan J, Xu W, Xu J, Yu H, Lin X, Wu Q. Enantiocomplementary C-H Bond Hydroxylation Combining Photo-Catalysis and Whole-Cell Biocatalysis in a One-Pot Cascade Process. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Peng
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Jiajie Fan
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Huilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Xianfu Lin
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou China
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39
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Wang LJ, Cao ZX, Guo L. Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Antitumor Activity Evaluation of Novel Alkaloid Derivatives. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20903534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel alkaloid scaffold was designed through scaffold-hopping strategy based on the active pyrazines alkaloid isolated previously. A total of 25 derivatives were synthesized based on this scaffold and evaluated for their antitumor activities. Among all these tested compounds, 9f exhibited most excellent antitumor activities toward H460 cells, TMD-8 cells, and MV4-11 cells in vitro by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium bromide assay with IC50 values of 29.8, 14.9, and 18.8 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jiao Wang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources in Sichuan Province-Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Xing Cao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources in Sichuan Province-Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li Guo
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources in Sichuan Province-Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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40
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Liu L, Wang DH, Chen FF, Zhang ZJ, Chen Q, Xu JH, Wang ZL, Zheng GW. Development of an engineered thermostable amine dehydrogenase for the synthesis of structurally diverse chiral amines. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Structurally diverse chiral amines and amino alcohols were synthesized using an engineered thermostable amine dehydrogenase, demonstrating its extensive synthesis potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Dong-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Gao-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
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41
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Azofra LM, Tran MA, Zubar V, Cavallo L, Rueping M, El-Sepelgy O. Conversion of racemic alcohols to optically pure amine precursors enabled by catalyst dynamic kinetic resolution: experiment and computation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9094-9097. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented base metal catalysed asymmetric synthesis of α-chiral amine precursors from racemic alcohols is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Azofra
- Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT)
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC)
- Campus de Tafira
- Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
- Spain
| | - Mai Anh Tran
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Viktoriia Zubar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
| | - Osama El-Sepelgy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
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42
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Yiğit B, Özge Karaca E, Yiğit M, Gürbüz N, Arslan H, Özdemir İ. Active ruthenium(II)-NHC complexes for alkylation of amines with alcohols using solvent-free conditions. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Corrado ML, Knaus T, Mutti FG. Regio- and stereoselective multi-enzymatic aminohydroxylation of β-methylstyrene using dioxygen, ammonia and formate. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2019; 21:6246-6251. [PMID: 33628112 PMCID: PMC7116804 DOI: 10.1039/c9gc03161h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report an enzymatic route for the formal regio- and stereoselective aminohydroxylation of β-methylstyrene that consumes only dioxygen, ammonia and formate; carbonate is the by-product. The biocascade entails highly selective epoxidation, hydrolysis and hydrogen-borrowing alcohol amination. Thus, β-methylstyrene was converted into 1R,2R and 1S,2R-phenylpropanolamine in 59-63% isolated yields, and up to >99.5: <0.5 dr and er.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Corrado
- Van't Hoff Institute for MolecularSciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Knaus
- Van't Hoff Institute for MolecularSciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G Mutti
- Van't Hoff Institute for MolecularSciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Abstract
A number of self-sufficient hydride transfer processes have been reported in biocatalysis, with a common feature being the dependence on nicotinamide as a cofactor. This cofactor is provided in catalytic amounts and serves as a hydride shuttle to connect two or more enzymatic redox events, usually ensuring overall redox neutrality. Creative systems were designed to produce synthetic sequences characterized by high hydride economy, typically going in hand with excellent atom economy. Several redox enzymes have been successfully combined in one-pot one-step to allow functionalization of a large variety of molecules while preventing by-product formation. This review analyzes and classifies the various strategies, with a strong focus on efficiency, which is evaluated here in terms of the hydride economy and measured by the turnover number of the nicotinamide cofactor(s). The review ends with a critical evaluation of the reported systems and highlights areas where further improvements might be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tassano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Mélanie Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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45
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Subaramanian M, Midya SP, Ramar PM, Balaraman E. General Synthesis of N-Alkylation of Amines with Secondary Alcohols via Hydrogen Autotransfer. Org Lett 2019; 21:8899-8903. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Subaramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati − 517507, India
| | - Siba P. Midya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati − 517507, India
| | - Palmurukan M. Ramar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati − 517507, India
| | - Ekambaram Balaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati − 517507, India
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Schober M, MacDermaid C, Ollis AA, Chang S, Khan D, Hosford J, Latham J, Ihnken LAF, Brown MJB, Fuerst D, Sanganee MJ, Roiban GD. Chiral synthesis of LSD1 inhibitor GSK2879552 enabled by directed evolution of an imine reductase. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Musa MM, Hollmann F, Mutti FG. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure alcohols and amines via biocatalytic deracemisation methods. Catal Sci Technol 2019; 9:5487-5503. [PMID: 33628427 PMCID: PMC7116805 DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01539f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deracemisation via chemo-enzymatic or multi-enzymatic approaches is the optimum substitute for kinetic resolution, which suffers from the limitation of a theoretical maximum 50% yield albeit high enantiomeric excess is attainable. This review covers the recent progress in various deracemisation approaches applied to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure alcohols and amines, such as (1) dynamic kinetic resolution, (2) cyclic deracemisation, (3) linear deracemisation (including stereoinversion) and (4) enantioconvergent methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa M Musa
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZDelft, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G Mutti
- Van't HoffInstitute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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48
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Houwman JA, Knaus T, Costa M, Mutti FG. Efficient synthesis of enantiopure amines from alcohols using resting E. coli cells and ammonia. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2019; 21:3846-3857. [PMID: 33628111 PMCID: PMC7116806 DOI: 10.1039/c9gc01059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
α-Chiral amines are pivotal building blocks for chemical manufacturing. Stereoselective amination of alcohols is receiving increased interest due to its higher atom-efficiency and overall improved environmental footprint compared with other chemocatalytic and biocatalytic methods. We previously developed a hydrogen-borrowing amination by combining an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) with an amine dehydrogenase (AmDH) in vitro. Herein, we implemented the ADH-AmDH bioamination in resting Escherichia coli cells for the first time. Different genetic constructs were created and tested in order to obtain balanced expression levels of the dehydrogenase enzymes in E. coli. Using the optimized constructs, the influence of several parameters towards the productivity of the system were investigated such as the intracellular NAD+/NADH redox balance, the cell loading, the survival rate of recombinant E. coli cells, the possible toxicity of the components of the reaction at different concentrations and the influence of different substrates and cosolvents. In particular, the cofactor redox-balance for the bioamination was maintained by the addition of moderate and precise amounts of glucose. Higher concentrations of certain amine products resulted in toxicity and cell death, which could be alleviated by the addition of a co-solvent. Notably, amine formation was consistent using several independently grown E. coli batches. The optimized E. coli/ADH-AmDH strains produced enantiopure amines from the alcohols with up to 80% conversion and a molar productivity up to 15 mM. Practical applicability was demonstrated in a gram-scale biotransformation. In summary, the present E. coli-ADH-AmDH system represents an important advancement towards the development of 'green', efficient and selective biocatalytic processes for the amination of alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Knaus
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Magda Costa
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G. Mutti
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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49
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Kaloğlu N, Achard M, Bruneau C, Özdemir İ. Ruthenium(II)-(Arene)-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Efficient and Selective Catalysts for the N
-Alkylation of Aromatic Amines with Alcohols. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Kaloğlu
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Art; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
| | - Mathieu Achard
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226; Rennes University, CNRS; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Christian Bruneau
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226; Rennes University, CNRS; 35000 Rennes France
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Art; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
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50
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Bornadel A, Bisagni S, Pushpanath A, Montgomery SL, Turner NJ, Dominguez B. Technical Considerations for Scale-Up of Imine-Reductase-Catalyzed Reductive Amination: A Case Study. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Bornadel
- Johnson Matthey Plc., 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, U.K
| | - Serena Bisagni
- Johnson Matthey Plc., 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, U.K
| | - Ahir Pushpanath
- Johnson Matthey Plc., 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, U.K
| | - Sarah L. Montgomery
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Beatriz Dominguez
- Johnson Matthey Plc., 28 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0FP, U.K
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