1
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Yisimayili N, Lu CD. Asymmetric Construction of Ethenyl-Substituted Acyclic Quaternary Stereocenters at the α-Position of Carbonyl Surrogates via Stereoselective Sulfonylvinylation-Reductive Desulfonylation. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38995146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
N-Sulfinyl metalloenamines, derived from geometry-defined β,β-disubstituted enesulfinamides, undergo conjugate addition-elimination reaction with β-tosyl nitroolefin to afford α-sulfonylvinylated ketimines with high stereocontrol. Further desulfonylation using sodium naphthalenide gives carbonyl surrogates bearing a less-accessible acyclic quaternary α-stereocenters substituted with an ethenyl group and two sterically and electronically similar groups (e.g., methyl and ethyl). Synthetic application of the described protocol was demonstrated by enantioselective synthesis of (S)-bakuchiol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chong-Dao Lu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
- School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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2
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Shen J, Xu Z, Yang S, Li S, Jiang J, Zhang YQ. Quaternary Stereocenters via Catalytic Enantioconvergent Allylation of Epoxides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21122-21131. [PMID: 37722078 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of catalytic and enantioselective transformations for the synthesis of all-carbon quaternary stereocenters has long been recognized as a significant challenge in organic synthesis. While considerable progress has been made in asymmetric allylations, their potential to functionalize the commonly used synthon, epoxide, remains largely underexplored. Here we demonstrate the first highly regio- and enantioselective allylation of epoxides that delivers a range of quaternary stereocenters in the face of potentially problematic elimination and protonation reactions. The reaction proceeds via a radical approach under mild conditions and benefits from the use of earth-abundant titanium with a highly sophisticated salen ligand, which facilitates remarkable enantiocontrol and suppresses undesired side reactions. The resulting allylation products are multifunctional building blocks that can be elaborated chemo- and stereoselectively to a broad array of stereodefined structural motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyun Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shengxiao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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3
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Arachchi MK, Schaugaard RN, Schlegel HB, Nguyen HM. Scope and Mechanistic Probe into Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Trisubstituted-α-Tertiary Amines by Rhodium Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19642-19654. [PMID: 37651695 PMCID: PMC10581542 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric reactions that convert racemic mixtures into enantioenriched amines are of significant importance due to the prevalence of amines in pharmaceuticals, with about 60% of drug candidates containing tertiary amines. Although transition-metal catalyzed allylic substitution processes have been developed to provide access to enantioenriched α-disubstituted allylic amines, enantioselective synthesis of sterically demanding α-tertiary amines with a tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenter remains a major challenge. Herein, we report a chiral diene-ligated rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric substitution of racemic tertiary allylic trichloroacetimidates with aliphatic secondary amines to afford α-trisubstituted-α-tertiary amines. Mechanistic investigation is conducted using synergistic experimental and computational studies. Density functional theory calculations show that the chiral diene-ligated rhodium promotes the ionization of tertiary allylic substrates to form both anti and syn π-allyl intermediates. The anti π-allyl pathway proceeds through a higher energy than the syn π-allyl pathway. The rate of conversion of the less reactive π-allyl intermediate to the more reactive isomer via π-σ-π interconversion was faster than the rate of nucleophilic attack onto the more reactive intermediate. These data imply that the Curtin-Hammett conditions are met in the amination reaction, leading to dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation. Computational studies also show that hydrogen bonding interactions between β-oxygen of allylic substrate and amine-NH greatly assist the delivery of amine nucleophile onto more hindered internal carbon of the π-allyl intermediate. The synthetic utility of the current methodology is showcased by efficient preparation of α-trisubstituted-α-tertiary amines featuring pharmaceutically relevant secondary amine cores with good yields and excellent selectivities (branched-linear >99:1, up to 99% enantiomeric excess).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhawee K Arachchi
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Richard N Schaugaard
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - H Bernhard Schlegel
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Hien M Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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4
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Seal A, Mukherjee S. Enantioselective Synthesis of Skipped Dienes via Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Phosphonates. Org Lett 2023; 25:2253-2257. [PMID: 36966426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective synthesis of skipped dienes has been developed based on an iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of phosphonates and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination. This two-step protocol uses easily accessible substrates and delivers C2-substituted skipped dienes bearing a C3 stereogenic center, generally with outstanding enantioselectivities (up to 99.5:0.5 er). This is the first catalytic enantioselective allylic alkylation of phosphonates, and the overall process represents a formal enantioselective α-C(sp2)-H allylic alkylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls and acrylonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arko Seal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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5
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Mitra S, Sarkar R, Chakrabarty A, Mukherjee S. Hydroxy-directed iridium-catalyzed enantioselective formal β-C(sp 2)-H allylic alkylation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12491-12497. [PMID: 36382287 PMCID: PMC9629034 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03966d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy-directed iridium-catalyzed enantioselective formal β-C(sp2)-H allylic alkylation of kojic acid and structurally related α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is developed. This reaction, catalyzed by an Ir(i)/(P,olefin) complex, utilizes the nucleophilic character of α-hydroxy α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, to introduce an allyl group at its β-position in a branched-selective manner in good to excellent yield with uniformly high enantioselectivity (up to >99.9 : 0.1 er). To the best of our knowledge, this report represents the first example of the use of kojic acid in a transition metal catalyzed highly enantioselective transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankash Mitra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
| | - Rahul Sarkar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
| | - Aditya Chakrabarty
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
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6
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Sun Y, Qiao Z, Li D, Ni J, Wang J, Wang P, Song N, Li M. Access to 6-Deoxy-heptose Constructs by One Carbon Homologation of Hexoses with Malononitrile: Divergent Synthesis of Campylobacter jejuni Strain 81-176 Capsular Trisaccharide Repeating Unit Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:7944-7949. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingxuan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ni Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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7
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Wang W, Zhang F, Liu Y, Feng X. Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via Iridium/Europium Bimetallic Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208837. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Fangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yangbin Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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8
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Wang W, Zhang F, Liu Y, Feng X. Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via Iridium/Europium Bimetallic Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology CHINA
| | - Fangqing Zhang
- Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology CHINA
| | - Yangbin Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory School of Chemical Biology CHINA
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Sichuan University College of Chemistry 29 Wangjiang Road, Jiuyan Bridge 610064 Chengdu CHINA
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9
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Knowlden SW, Popp BV. Regioselective Boracarboxylation of α-Substituted Vinyl Arenes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven W. Knowlden
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Brian V. Popp
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 100 Prospect Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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10
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Moghadam FA, Hicks EF, Sercel ZP, Cusumano AQ, Bartberger MD, Stoltz BM. Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Dialkyl Malonates Enabling the Construction of Enantioenriched All-Carbon Quaternary Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7983-7987. [PMID: 35476460 PMCID: PMC10038141 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of malonates with trisubstituted allylic electrophiles to form all-carbon quaternary stereocenters is reported. This reaction proceeds at ambient temperature and enables the preparation of a wide range of enantioenriched products in up to 93% yield and 97% ee. The quaternary products can be readily converted to several valuable building blocks such as vicinal quaternary products and β-quaternary acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod A. Moghadam
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
| | - Elliot F. Hicks
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
| | - Zachary P. Sercel
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
| | - Alexander Q. Cusumano
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
- Corresponding Author:
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11
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He X, Buchotte M, Guillot R, Deloisy S, Aitken DJ. A case study of the MAC (masked acyl cyanide) oxyhomologation of N, N-dibenzyl-L-phenylalaninal with anti diastereoselectivity: preparation of (2 S,3 S)-allophenylnorstatin esters. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1769-1781. [PMID: 35166749 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The three-component reaction between a protected α-amino aldehyde, an alcohol and an α-silyloxymalononitrile provides an expedient access to protected α-hydroxy-β-amino acid derivatives. The prototypical process, performed on N-Cbz-phenylalaninal, is known to proceed with syn diastereoselectivity. The present study demonstrates that the diastereoselectivity of the reaction can be inverted, using the rationale of a Felkin-Anh interaction model. Reactions performed on N,N-dibenzyl-L-phenylalaninal proceed with a high anti diastereoselectivity, providing a panel of synthetically useful ester derivatives of (2S,3S)-allophenylnorstatin. The procedure is exploited to accomplish one of the most efficient syntheses of the title compound to date, in 3 steps (66% yield) from N,N-dibenzyl-L-phenylalaninal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng He
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, CP3A Organic Synthesis Group and Services Communs, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
| | - Marie Buchotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, CP3A Organic Synthesis Group and Services Communs, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
| | - Régis Guillot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, CP3A Organic Synthesis Group and Services Communs, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
| | - Sandrine Deloisy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, CP3A Organic Synthesis Group and Services Communs, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
| | - David J Aitken
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, CP3A Organic Synthesis Group and Services Communs, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
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12
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Hayashi S, Takanami T, Takeda S, Namba T, Noji M. Supramolecular Chirogenesis in Amide-Linked Bis(Zinc Porphyrin): Application for Absolute Configurational Assignment of Chiral Calboxylic Acids and Chiral Amino Acids. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Okuno K, Hiraki M, Chan B, Shirakawa S. Non-Enzymatic Kinetic Resolution and Desymmetrization of α-Quaternary Carboxylic Acids via Chiral Bifunctional Sulfide-Catalyzed Bromolactonization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Okuno
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mana Hiraki
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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14
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Doyle MGJ, Gabbey AL, McNutt W, Lundgren RJ. Enantioselective Tertiary Electrophile (Hetero)Benzylation: Pd‐Catalyzed Substitution of Isoprene Monoxide with Arylacetates**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. J. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Alexis L. Gabbey
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Wesley McNutt
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Rylan J. Lundgren
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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15
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Hiraki M, Okuno K, Nishiyori R, Noser AA, Shirakawa S. Efficient asymmetric syntheses of α-quaternary lactones and esters through chiral bifunctional sulfide-catalyzed desymmetrizing bromolactonization of α,α-diallyl carboxylic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10907-10910. [PMID: 34590630 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric halolactonizations are powerful methods for the syntheses of chiral lactones. Catalytic and highly enantioselective halolactonizations of α-allyl carboxylic acids, however, continue to present a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the chiral bifunctional sulfide-catalyzed desymmetrizing bromolactonizations of α,α-diallyl carboxylic acids. These reactions efficiently produced chiral α-quaternary lactones and esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Hiraki
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ken Okuno
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ryuichi Nishiyori
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Ahmed A Noser
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Seiji Shirakawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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16
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Doyle MGJ, Gabbey AL, McNutt W, Lundgren RJ. Enantioselective Tertiary Electrophile (Hetero)Benzylation: Pd-Catalyzed Substitution of Isoprene Monoxide with Arylacetates*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26495-26499. [PMID: 34658132 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective generation of quaternary carbon centers remains challenging but is of growing importance for the preparation of functional molecules. Metal catalyzed allylic alkylations of tertiary electrophiles can provide access to these substructures but remain generally incompatible with organometallic benzyl nucleophiles. Here we demonstrate that electron-deficient arylacetates can serve as benzyl nucleophile surrogates to generate enantioenriched acyclic molecules containing a quaternary carbon center via a two-step substitution-decarboxylation process using isoprene monoxide. Products are often obtained in >90 % ee using a commercially available catalyst. An array of electron-withdrawing functional groups on the arylacetate moiety are tolerated. The lactone generated by the initial substitution reaction can be used in further stereoselective transformations to prepare molecules with acyclic vicinal quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G J Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Alexis L Gabbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Wesley McNutt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Rylan J Lundgren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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17
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Wu G, Wu JR, Huang Y, Yang YW. Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation: A Review. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1864-1877. [PMID: 34014613 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Quaternary stereocenters are of great importance to the three-dimensionality and enhanced properties of new molecules, but the synthetic challenges in creating quaternary stereocenters greatly hinder their wide use in drug discovery, organic material design, and natural product synthesis. The asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) of allylic substrates has proven to be a powerful methodology for enantioselective formation of structure skeletons bearing single or more quaternary carbon centers in modern asymmetric organocatalysis. AAA has certain advantages in constructing the tetrasubstituted stereocenters, including but not limited to mild reactive conditions, effective reaction rates, new functional group introduction, and carbon chains length extension. This review outlines the key considerations in the application of AAA reactions and summarizes the recent progress of AAA reactions in the enantioselective synthesis of products containing quaternary stereocenters. Meanwhile, a detailed discussion of the AAA reactions such as ligands, scope of substrates, transformations and the general reaction mechanisms is also provided. We hope this review could stimulate further advances in much broader areas, including organic synthesis, asymmetric catalysis, C-H activation, and symmetrical pharmaceutical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxin Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Rui Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC), College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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18
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Xue S, Limburg B, Ghorai D, Benet-Buchholz J, Kleij AW. Asymmetric Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols Featuring Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Carbon Centers via Dual Pd/Photoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:4447-4451. [PMID: 34014097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dual palladium/photoredox-catalysis provides an effective method for the decarboxylative asymmetric synthesis of vicinal α,β-tri/tetra- or α,β-tetrasubstituted homoallylic alcohols using Hantzsch-type esters as radical precursors. This mild methodology capitalizes on vinyl cyclic carbonates as accessible reagents providing the target molecules in appreciable to good yields, high branch selectivity, and enantiomeric ratios of up to 94:6, making it a rare example of using prochiral electrophiles for the creation of vicinal congested carbon centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Xue
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bart Limburg
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Feng S, Buchwald SL. CuH-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydrocarboxylation of Allenes: Toward Carboxylic Acids with Acyclic Quaternary Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4935-4941. [PMID: 33761252 PMCID: PMC8058699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report a method to prepare α-chiral carboxylic acid derivatives, including those bearing all-carbon quaternary centers, through an enantioselective CuH-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of allenes with a commercially available fluoroformate. A broad range of heterocycles and functional groups on the allenes were tolerated in this protocol, giving enantioenriched α-quaternary and tertiary carboxylic acid derivatives in good yields with exclusive branched regioselectivity. The synthetic utility of this approach was further demonstrated by derivatization of the products to afford biologically important compounds, including the antiplatelet drug indobufen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Isomura M, Petrone DA, Carreira EM. Construction of Vicinal Quaternary Centers via Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allenylic Alkylation of Racemic Tertiary Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3323-3329. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Isomura
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David A. Petrone
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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21
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Sarkar R, Mukherjee S. Iridium-catalyzed enantioselective olefinic C(sp 2)-H allylic alkylation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3070-3075. [PMID: 34164076 PMCID: PMC8179414 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first iridium-catalyzed enantioselective olefinic C(sp2)-H allylic alkylation is developed in cooperation with Lewis base catalysis. This reaction, catalyzed by cinchonidine and an in situ generated cyclometalated Ir(i)/phosphoramidite complex, makes use of the latent enolate character of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound, namely coumalate ester, to introduce an allyl group at its α-position in a branched-selective manner in moderate to good yield with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 : 2 er).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sarkar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India +91-80-2360-0529 +91-80-2293-2850
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22
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Shi Y, Wu H, Huang G. Rhodium( i)/bisoxazolinephosphine-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective amination of allylic carbonates: a computational study. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00370d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to investigate the rhodium(i)/bisoxazolinephosphine-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective amination of allylic carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Hongli Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
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23
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Pareek M, Sunoj RB. Mechanistic insights into rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylation for quaternary stereogenic centers. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2527-2539. [PMID: 34164021 PMCID: PMC8179253 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04959j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Installing quaternary stereogenic carbon is an arduous task of contemporary importance in the domain of asymmetric catalysis. To this end, an asymmetric allylic alkylation of α,α-disubstituted aldehydes by using allyl benzoate in the presence of Wilkinson's catalyst [Rh(Cl)(PPh3)3], (R)-BINOL–P(OMe) as the external ligand, and LiHMDS as the base has been reported to offer high enantioselectivity. The mechanistic details of this important reaction remain vague, which prompted us to undertake a detailed density functional theory (SMD(THF)/B3LYP-D3) investigation on the nature of the potential active catalyst, energetic features of the catalytic cycle, and the origin of high enantioselectivity. We note that a chloride displacement from the native Rh-phosphine [Rh(Cl)(PPh3)3] by BINOL–P(OMe) phosphite and an ensuing MeCl elimination can result in the in situ formation of a Rh-phosphonate [Rh(BINOL–P
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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O)(PPh3)3]. A superior energetic span (δE) noted with such a Rh-phosphonate suggests that it is likely to serve as an active catalyst. The uptake of allyl benzoate by the active catalyst followed by the turnover determining C–O bond oxidative addition furnishes a Rh-π-allyl intermediate, which upon interception by (Z)-Li-enolate (derived from α,α-disubstituted aldehyde) in the enantiocontrolling C–C bond generates a quaternary stereogenic center. The addition of the re prochiral face of the (Z)-Li-enolate to the Rh-bound allyl moiety leading to the R enantiomer of the product is found to be 2.4 kcal mol−1 more preferred over the addition through its si face. The origin of the stereochemical preference for the re face addition is traced to improved noncovalent interactions (NCIs) and less distortion in the enantiocontrolling C–C bond formation transition state than that in the si face addition. Computed enantioselectivity (96%) is in very good agreement with the experimental value (92%), so is the overall activation barrier (δE of 17.1 kcal mol−1), which is in conformity with room temperature reaction conditions. The origin of high enantioselectivity in the formation of quaternary stereogenic carbon.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pareek
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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24
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Wang Y, Zhang WY, Xie JH, Yu ZL, Tan JH, Zheng C, Hou XL, You SL. Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Bisphenol Derivatives via Ir-Catalyzed Allylic Dearomatization. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19354-19359. [PMID: 33140959 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spirocyclic hexadienones with multiple stereogenic centers are frequently found in natural products but remain challenging targets to synthesize. Herein, we report the enantioselective desymmetrization of bisphenol derivatives via Ir-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reactions, affording spirocyclic hexadienone derivatives with up to three contiguous stereogenic centers in good yields (up to 90%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The high efficiency of this reaction is exemplified by the short reaction time (30 min), low catalyst loading (down to 0.2 mol %), and ability to perform the reaction on a gram-scale. The total syntheses of (+)-tatanan B and (+)-tatanan C were also realized using this Ir-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reaction as a key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zong-Lun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xue-Long Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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25
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Yuan Y, Zhang X, Qian H, Ma S. Catalytic enantioselective allene-anhydride approach to β,γ-unsaturated enones bearing an α-all-carbon-quarternary center. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9115-9121. [PMID: 34094192 PMCID: PMC8161143 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A protocol of highly regio- and enantioselective copper-catalyzed hydroacylation of the non-terminal C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond in 1,1-disubstituted terminal allenes with anhydrides has been developed. Both aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic anhydrides are applicable to the efficient construction of all carbon quarternary centers connected with a versatile C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond and a useful ketone functionality. The synthetic potentials of the enantioenriched products have also been demonstrated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to explain the steric outcome of the products: the hydroacylation proceeds through a six-membered transition state and the ligand-substrate steric interactions account for the observed enantioselectivity although the chiral ligand is far away from the to-be-genetated chiral center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Hui Qian
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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26
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Han M, Yang M, Wu R, Li Y, Jia T, Gao Y, Ni HL, Hu P, Wang BQ, Cao P. Highly Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Vinyl Azides and Racemic Allylic Carbonates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13398-13405. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Han
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Tao Jia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Yuanji Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Hai-Liang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Bi-Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Peng Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
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27
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Butcher TW, Yang JL, Amberg WM, Watkins NB, Wilkinson ND, Hartwig JF. Desymmetrization of difluoromethylene groups by C-F bond activation. Nature 2020; 583:548-553. [PMID: 32480398 PMCID: PMC10484566 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary stereogenic centres containing one fluorine atom are valuable for medicinal chemistry because they mimic common tertiary stereogenic centres containing one hydrogen atom, but they possess distinct charge distribution, lipophilicity, conformation and metabolic stability1-3. Although tertiary stereogenic centres containing one hydrogen atom are often set by enantioselective desymmetrization reactions at one of the two carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds of a methylene group, tertiary stereocentres containing fluorine have not yet been constructed by the analogous desymmetrization reaction at one of the two carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds of a difluoromethylene group3. Fluorine atoms are similar in size to hydrogen atoms but have distinct electronic properties, causing C-F bonds to be exceptionally strong and geminal C-F bonds to strengthen one another4. Thus, exhaustive defluorination typically dominates over the selective replacement of a single C-F bond, hindering the development of the enantioselective substitution of one fluorine atom to form a stereogenic centre5,6. Here we report the catalytic, enantioselective activation of a single C-F bond in an allylic difluoromethylene group to provide a broad range of products containing a monofluorinated tertiary stereogenic centre. By combining a tailored chiral iridium phosphoramidite catalyst, which controls regioselectivity, chemoselectivity and enantioselectivity, with a fluorophilic activator, which assists the oxidative addition of the C-F bond, these reactions occur in high yield and selectivity. The design principles proposed in this work extend to palladium-catalysed benzylic substitution, demonstrating the generality of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Willi M Amberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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28
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Adamson NJ, Park S, Zhou P, Nguyen AL, Malcolmson SJ. Enantioselective Construction of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers by the Addition of an Acyl Anion Equivalent to 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2032-2037. [PMID: 32052974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the enantioselective formation of quaternary stereogenic centers by the intermolecular addition of malononitrile, an acyl anion equivalent, and related pronucleophiles to several 1,3-disubstituted acyclic 1,3-dienes in the presence of a Pd-PHOX catalyst. Products are obtained in up to 88% yield and 99:1 er and in most cases are formed as a single regioisomer. The products' malononitrile unit undergoes oxidative functionalization to afford β,γ-unsaturated carbonyls bearing internal olefins and α-quaternary stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Adamson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sangjune Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Andrew L Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steven J Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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29
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Liu X, Jin S, Zhang W, Liu Q, Zheng C, You S. Sequence‐Dependent Stereodivergent Allylic Alkylation/Fluorination of Acyclic Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2039-2043. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shicheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wen‐Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qiang‐Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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30
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Liu X, Jin S, Zhang W, Liu Q, Zheng C, You S. Sequence‐Dependent Stereodivergent Allylic Alkylation/Fluorination of Acyclic Ketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shicheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wen‐Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qiang‐Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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31
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Zheng DS, Zhao ZL, Gu Q, You SL. Ir-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of β-Tetralones. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Song Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Le Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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32
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Rössler SL, Petrone DA, Carreira EM. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionally Rich Molecules Enabled by (Phosphoramidite,Olefin) Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2657-2672. [PMID: 31243973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic, asymmetric synthesis of complex molecules has been a core focus of our research program for some time because developments in the area can have an immediate impact on the identification of novel strategies for the synthesis of value-added molecules. In concert with this central interest, we have emphasized the design of ligand scaffolds as a tactic to discover and develop novel chemistry and overcome well-recognized synthetic challenges. Based on our group's work on chiral pool-derived diolefin ligands, we designed and implemented a class of hybrid (phosphoramidite,olefin) ligands, which combines the properties of both phosphoramidite and olefin motifs to impact, fine-tune, and even override the inherent reactivity of the metal center. Specifically, we have utilized these unique modifying ligands to address several recognized limitations in the field of iridium-catalyzed, asymmetric allylic substitution. The methods we have documented typically employ branched, unprotected allylic alcohols as substrates and obviate the need for rigorous exclusion of air and moisture. Following Takeuchi's seminal report demonstrating the high aptitude of Ir(I)-phosphite catalysts for branch-selective allylic substitution, concerted efforts from numerous research laboratories have led to a broadening of the synthetic utility of this reaction class. The first section of this Account outlines the process leading to our discovery of an unprecedented (phosphoramidite,olefin) ligand and its validation in the first iridium-catalyzed amination of branched, unprotected allylic alcohols. This section continues with our work involving heteroatom-based nucleophiles within inter- and intramolecular etherification, thioetherification and spiroketalization processes. The second section highlights the use of readily available carbon nucleophiles possessing sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridization in a series of enantioselective carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. We describe how alkylzinc, allylsilane, and several classes of organotrifluoroborate nucleophiles can be coupled enantioselectively to enable construction of several key motifs including 1,5-dienes, 1,4-dienes, and 1,4-enynes. Since the unique electronic and steric properties of this class of ligands renders the (η3-allyl)-Ir(III) intermediate highly electrophilic, even weak nucleophiles such as alkyl olefins can be used. We also show that more nucleophilic alkene motifs such as enamines and in situ generated ketene acetals smoothly participate in substitution reactions with allylic alcohols to yield valuable piperidines and γ,δ-unsaturated esters, respectively. The concept of stereodivergent dual catalysis, which synergistically combines chiral amine catalysis with iridium catalysis to furnish α-allylated aldehydes containing two independently controllable stereocenters is then discussed. This process has enabled the independent, stereoselective synthesis of all four possible product stereoisomers from a single set of starting materials, and was highlighted in the stereodivergent synthesis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. This Account concludes with an overview of our organometallic mechanistic studies regarding relevant intermediates within the catalytic cycle of this class of allylic substitution. These studies have allowed us to better understand the origin of the unique characteristics exhibited by this catalyst in comparison to related systems.
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33
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Vertesaljai P, Serrano R, Mannchen MD, Williams M, Semenova E, Grenning AJ. Promoting Thermodynamically Unfavorable [3,3] Rearrangements by Chemoselective Reduction. Org Lett 2019; 21:5704-5707. [PMID: 31265314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein described is a strategy for promoting thermodynamically unfavorable [3,3] Cope rearrangements. 3,3-Dicyano-1,5-dienes that are resistant to the thermal rearrangement can be promoted under reductive conditions. The reduced Cope products are versatile, bifunctional building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vertesaljai
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Roberto Serrano
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Michael D Mannchen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Matthew Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Evgeniya Semenova
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
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34
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Sempere Y, Alfke JL, Rössler SL, Carreira EM. Morpholine Ketene Aminal as Amide Enolate Surrogate in Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9537-9541. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeshua Sempere
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jan L. Alfke
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Simon L. Rössler
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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35
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Strehl J, Hilt G. Electrochemical, Manganese-Assisted Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation between β-Keto Esters and Silyl Enol Ethers. Org Lett 2019; 21:5259-5263. [PMID: 31247778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical carbon-carbon bond formation process between β-keto esters and silyl enol ethers was investigated utilizing manganese salts. The tricarbonyl compounds were generated in moderate to good yields under neutral conditions. Control experiments revealed that an electro-generated base at the cathode is important. Electroanalytical measurements with a Mn(TPA) complex suggested that the oxidation of the silyl enol ether is the first step in the oxidation process initiated by a corresponding Mn(IV) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Strehl
- Institut für Chemie , Universität Oldenburg , Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 , D-26111 Oldenburg , Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für Chemie , Universität Oldenburg , Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 , D-26111 Oldenburg , Germany
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36
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Liu X, Zheng C, Yang Y, Jin S, You S. Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Aromatization Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yi‐Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shicheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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37
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Liu X, Zheng C, Yang Y, Jin S, You S. Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Aromatization Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10493-10499. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yi‐Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shicheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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38
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Sempere Y, Alfke JL, Rössler SL, Carreira EM. Morpholine Ketene Aminal as Amide Enolate Surrogate in Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeshua Sempere
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jan L. Alfke
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Simon L. Rössler
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, HCI H335Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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39
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Alexy EJ, Fulton TJ, Zhang H, Stoltz BM. Palladium-catalyzed enantioselective decarboxylative allylic alkylation of fully substituted N-acyl indole-derived enol carbonates. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5996-6000. [PMID: 31360407 PMCID: PMC6566452 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01726g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The first enantioselective Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of fully substituted N-acyl indole-derived enol carbonates generates acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in excellent yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) using a new electron-deficient phosphinoxazoline (PHOX) ligand.
The first enantioselective palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of fully substituted N-acyl indole-derived enol carbonates forming acyclic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters is reported. Excellent yields up to 99% and enantioselectivities up to 98% ee are obtained through the use of a new electron-deficient phosphinoxazoline (PHOX) ligand. Control of substrate enolate geometry is crucial for high selectivity. The obtained α-quaternary N-acyl indoles are formal ester equivalents, and represent a useful handle for further synthetic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Alexy
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA .
| | - Tyler J Fulton
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA .
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc. , 1 DNA Way , South San Francisco , CA 94080 , USA .
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA .
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40
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Shi L, He Y, Gong J, Yang Z. Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation for Stereoselective Syntheses of Allylic Alcohols bearing a Quaternary Carbon Center. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yingdong He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jianxian Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Peking-Tsing hua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Beijing 100871 China
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41
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Huang L, Cai Y, Zhang HJ, Zheng C, Dai LX, You SL. Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Quinuclidine Derivatives by an Iridium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylic Dearomatization Reaction. CCS CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.019.20180006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric construction of quinuclidine derivatives has been realized by an iridium-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reaction. The catalytic system, derived from [Ir(cod)Cl] 2 and the Feringa ligand, tolerates a broad range of substrates. A large array of quinuclidine derivatives can be obtained under mild conditions in good to excellent yields (68%–96%), diastereoselectivity (up to >20/1 dr), and enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee). These products feature versatile functional group diversity and can undergo diverse transformations. A model that accounts for the origin of the stereoselectivity has been proposed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yue Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Chao Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Li-Xin Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shu-Li You
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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42
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Schwartz LA, Holmes M, Brito GA, Gonçalves TP, Richardson J, Ruble JC, Huang KW, Krische MJ. Cyclometalated Iridium-PhanePhos Complexes Are Active Catalysts in Enantioselective Allene-Fluoral Reductive Coupling and Related Alcohol-Mediated Carbonyl Additions That Form Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2087-2096. [PMID: 30681850 PMCID: PMC6423978 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iridium complexes modified by the chiral phosphine ligand PhanePhos catalyze the 2-propanol-mediated reductive coupling of diverse 1,1-disubstituted allenes 1a-1u with fluoral hydrate 2a to form CF3-substituted secondary alcohols 3a-3u that incorporate acyclic quaternary carbon-containing stereodiads. By exploiting concentration-dependent stereoselectivity effects related to the interconversion of kinetic ( Z)- and thermodynamic ( E)-σ-allyliridium isomers, adducts 3a-3u are formed with complete levels of branched regioselectivity and high levels of anti-diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The utility of this method for construction of CF3-oxetanes and CF3-azetidines is illustrated by the formation of 4a and 6a, respectively. Studies of the reaction mechanism aimed at illuminating the singular effectiveness of PhanePhos as a supporting ligand in this and related transformations have led to the identification of a chromatographically stable cyclometalated iridium-( R)-PhanePhos complex, Ir-PP-I, that is catalytically competent for allene-fluoral reductive coupling and previously reported transfer hydrogenative C-C couplings of dienes or CF3-allenes with methanol. Deuterium labeling studies, reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) and computational studies corroborate a catalytic mechanism involving rapid allene hydrometalation followed by turnover-limiting carbonyl addition. A computationally determined stereochemical model shows that the ortho-CH2 group of the cyclometalated iridium-PhanePhos complex plays a key role in directing diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The collective data provide key insights into the structural-interactional features of allyliridium complexes required to enforce nucleophilic character, which should inform the design of related cyclometalated catalysts for umpoled allylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyah A Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Michael Holmes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Gilmar A Brito
- Department of Chemistry , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Théo P Gonçalves
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeffery Richardson
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies , Eli Lilly and Company Limited , Erl Wood Manor , Windlesham , Surrey GU20 6PH , United Kingdom
| | - J Craig Ruble
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies , Eli Lilly and Company , Indianapolis , Indiana 46285 , United States
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
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43
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Wang Y, Zhang WY, You SL. Ketones and Aldehydes as O-Nucleophiles in Iridium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2228-2232. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory
of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 30072, China
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44
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Cheng Q, Tu HF, Zheng C, Qu JP, Helmchen G, You SL. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1855-1969. [PMID: 30582688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the origin and advancements of iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions during the past two decades. Since the first report in 1997, Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions have attracted intense attention due to their exceptionally high regio- and enantioselectivities. Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reactions have been significantly developed in recent years in many respects, including ligand development, mechanistic understanding, substrate scope, and application in the synthesis of complex functional molecules. In this review, an explicit outline of ligands, mechanism, scope of nucleophiles, and applications is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Hang-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Jian-Ping Qu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Günter Helmchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Ruprecht-Karls , Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
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45
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Bao CC, Zheng DS, Zhang X, You SL. Iridium/N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex-Catalyzed Intermolecular Allylic Alkylation Reaction. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can-Can Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dong-Song Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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46
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Zheng Y, Yue BB, Wei K, Yang YR. Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Allyl–Allyl Cross-Coupling of Racemic Allylic Alcohols with Allylboronates. Org Lett 2018; 20:8035-8038. [PMID: 30507206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bei-Bei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yu-Rong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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47
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Yang Z, Jiang R, Wu Q, Huang L, Zheng C, You S. Iridium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Asymmetric Allylic Dearomatization of Benzene Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16190-16193. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze‐Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ru Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qing‐Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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48
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Shockley SE, Hethcox JC, Stoltz BM. Intermolecular Stereoselective Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation: An Evolutionary Account. Synlett 2018; 29:2481-2492. [PMID: 31754289 PMCID: PMC6870865 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Our lab has long been interested in the development of methods for the creation of enantioenriched all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. Historically, our interest has centered on palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation, though recent efforts have moved to include the study of iridium catalysts. Whereas palladium catalysts enable the preparation of isolated stereocenters, the use of iridium catalysts allows for the direct construction of vicinal stereocenters via an enantio-, diastereo-, and regioselective allylic alkylation. This account details the evolution of our research program from inception, which focused on the first iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation to prepare stereodyads containing a single quaternary center, to our most recent discovery that allows for the synthesis of vicinal quaternary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katherine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125,
USA
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49
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Wang H, Qiu S, Wang S, Zhai H. Pd-Catalyzed Umpolung of π–Allylpalladium Intermediates: Assembly of All-Carbon α-Vinyl Quaternary Aldehydes through C(sp3)–C(sp3) Coupling. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shuxian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nano Drug Slow-Release, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
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50
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Yang Z, Jiang R, Wu Q, Huang L, Zheng C, You S. Iridium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Asymmetric Allylic Dearomatization of Benzene Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze‐Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ru Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qing‐Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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