1
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Santos CMM, Silva AMS. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Transformations of Chalcones. CHEM REC 2024:e202400060. [PMID: 39008887 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Chalcones are a class of naturally occurring flavonoid compounds associated to a variety of biological and pharmacological properties. Several reviews have been published describing the synthesis and biological properties of a vast array of analogues. However, overviews on the reactivity of chalcones has only been explored in a few accounts. To fill this gap, a systematic survey on the most recent developments in the transition metal-catalyzed transformation of chalcones was performed. The chemistry of copper, palladium, zinc, iron, manganese, nickel, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, silver, indium, gold, titanium, platinum, among others, as versatile catalysts will be highlighted, covering the literature from year 2000 to 2023, in more than 380 publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina M M Santos
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Bragança, Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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2
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Wang D, Zeng L, Shi J, Gao S, Shi L, Sun S, Liang D. Electrophotocatalysis Versus Indirect Electrolysis: Electrochemical Selenocyclization of 3-Aza-1,5-dienes Facilitated by Energy Transfer, Direct Photolysis or N-Hydroxyphthalimide. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400280. [PMID: 38651795 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Three hybrid electrochemical protocols, which involve the energy transfer, direct photolysis and N-hydroxyphthalimide catalyst, respectively, are presented for the selenylation/cyclization of the fragile substrates of 3-aza-1,5-dienes with diorganyl diselenides to afford 3-selenomethyl-4-pyrrolin-2-ones. The two electrophotocatalytic reactions and the indirect electrolysis one are both regioselective and external-oxidant- and transition-metal-free, and are associated with a broad substrate scope and high Se-economy, and all three methods are amenable to gram-scale syntheses, late-stage functionalizations, sunlight-induced experiments and all-solar-driven syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyin Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Jifu Shi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Shulin Gao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Lou Shi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Shaoguang Sun
- Medical College, Panzhihua University, 10 Airport Road, Panzhihua, 617000, China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, 2 Puxin Road, Kunming, 650214, China
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3
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Zhang L, You M, Ban X, Zhao X, Yin Y, Cao S, Jiang Z. Visible light-driven dearomative ring expansion of (aza)arenes to access dihydrofuran-based polycyclic compounds. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8828-8834. [PMID: 38873084 PMCID: PMC11168080 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00748d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The dearomative expansion of aromatic rings has long been pursued by chemists due to its potential to provide tractable approaches for synthesizing valuable non-aromatic molecules. To circumvent the conventional use of hazardous and unstable diazo compounds, photochemical synthesis has recently emerged as a promising platform. However, protocols that can effectively handle both arenes and azaarenes remain scarce. Herein, we introduce a generic strategy that efficiently converts β-(aza)aryl-β-substituted enones into biologically significant cycloheptatriene derivatives, including their aza-variants. This method allows for the easy modulation of diverse functional groups on the product and demonstrates a wide substrate scope, evidenced by its excellent tolerance to various drug motifs and good compatibility with five-membered azaarenes undergoing ring expansion. Moreover, DFT calculations of plausible mechanisms have motivated the implementation of an important cascade diradical recombination strategy for 1,3-dienones, thus facilitating the synthesis of valuable 2-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-ene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University Kaifeng Henan P. R. China 475004
| | - Mengdi You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan P. R. China 453007
| | - Xu Ban
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan P. R. China 453007
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University Kaifeng Henan P. R. China 475004
| | - Yanli Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan P. R. China 453007
| | - Shanshan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan P. R. China 453007
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University Kaifeng Henan P. R. China 475004
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan P. R. China 453007
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4
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El-Arid S, Lenihan JM, Jacobsen A, Beeler AB, Grinstaff MW. Accessing Cyclobutane Polymers: Overcoming Synthetic Challenges via Efficient Continuous Flow [2 + 2] Photopolymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:607-613. [PMID: 38695337 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
We report an improved and efficient method to prepare well-defined, structurally complex truxinate cyclobutane polymers via a thioxanthone sensitized solution state [2 + 2] photopolymerization. Monomers with varying electron density and structure polymerize in good to excellent yields to afford a library of 42 polyesters. Monomers with internal olefin separation distances of greater than 5 Å undergo polymerization via intermolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition readily, as opposed to the intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition observed in monomers with olefins in closer proximity. Use of a continuous flow reactor decreases reaction time, increases polymer molecular weight, and decreases dispersity compared to batch reactions. Furthermore, under continuous flow, polymerization is readily scalable beyond what is possible with batch reactions. This advancement ushers truxinate cyclobutane-based polyesters, which have been historically limited to a few examples and only research scale quantities, to the forefront of development as new materials for potential use across industry sectors.
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5
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Qiao H, Zhao K, Zhu X, Xu X, Wang S, Yang L, Wang C, Zhong L, Ma B, Yang D, Xing P, Liu G, Jiao M. Photocatalyzed C3-H Nitrosylation of Imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine under Continuous Flow and External Photocatalyst-, Oxidant-, and Additive-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38753574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study reports a protocol for the highly regioselective photocatalyzed C-H nitrosylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffolds at the C3 position under a combination of visible-light irradiation and continuous flow without any external photocatalyst. This protocol involves mild and safe conditions and shows good tolerance to air and water along with excellent functional group compatibility and site selectivity, generating various 3-nitrosoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in excellent yields under photocatalyst-, oxidant-, and additive-free conditions.Notably, the proposed nitrosylation reaction, which introduces the chromophore NO into imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffolds, occurs efficiently under visible-light irradiation without any additional photocatalyst owing to the intense light-absorption characteristics of the nitrosylation products. This study could guide future studies on the development of green organic-synthesis strategies with a wide variety of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Qiao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Xilin Zhu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Xu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Shixing Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Liting Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Zhong
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Baiwei Ma
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Dehong Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Peizhi Xing
- Henan Bio-based material Industry Research Institute Co., LTD, Puyang 457001, P. R. China
| | - Guoqun Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
| | - Mingli Jiao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, P. R. China
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6
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Zhou Y, Jiang Q, Cheng Y, Hu M, Duan XH, Liu L. Photoredox-Catalyzed Acylchlorination of α-CF 3 Alkenes with Acyl Chloride and Application as Masked Access to β-CF 3-enones. Org Lett 2024; 26:2656-2661. [PMID: 38526445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
We disclose a photocatalytic strategy that simultaneously addresses the construction of trifluoromethylated quaternary carbon centers and the preparation of β-CF3-enones through radical difunctionalization of α-CF3 alkenes with acyl chlorides. This method is characterized by its broad functional group compatibility, high efficiency, and atom economy. The versatility of this transformation is poised to broaden the applications of α-CF3 alkenes, providing new pathways for the rapid assembly of structurally diverse fluorinated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youkang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mingyou Hu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Le Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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7
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Millward F, Zysman-Colman E. Mechanophotocatalysis: A Generalizable Approach to Solvent-minimized Photocatalytic Reactions for Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316169. [PMID: 38263796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
This proof-of-concept study cements the viability and generality of mechanophotocatalysis, merging mechanochemistry and photocatalysis to enable solvent-minimized photocatalytic reactions. We demonstrate the transmutation of four archetypal solution-state photocatalysis reactions to a solvent-minimized environment driven by the combined actions of milling, light, and photocatalysts. The chlorosulfonylation of alkenes and the pinacol coupling of aldehydes and ketones were conducted under solvent-free conditions with competitive or superior efficiencies to their solution-state analogues. Furthermore, decarboxylative alkylations are shown to function efficiently under solvent-minimized conditions, while the photoinduced energy transfer promoted [2+2] cycloaddition of chalcone experiences a significant initial rate enhancement over its solution-state variant. This work serves as a platform for future discoveries in an underexplored field: validating that solvent-minimized photocatalysis is not only generalizable and competitive with solution-state photocatalysis, but can also offer valuable advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Millward
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhou C, Liu Z, Liang G, Zhang YQ, Lei T, Chen B, Liao RZ, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Regioselective Diels-Alder Reactions of Anthracenes with Olefins via Visible Light Photocatalysis in a Homogeneous Solution. Org Lett 2024; 26:1116-1121. [PMID: 38295357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Diels-Alder cycloaddition of anthracene with olefin is achieved in a homogeneous solution via energy transfer under visible light. A series of substrates including electroneutral styrene derivatives can be successfully converted into the corresponding cycloadducts in a head-to-head orientation with high to excellent yields. The high ortho-regioselectivity, mild condition, and broad substrate scope enable promising advances in organic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ge Liang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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9
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Mondal S, Midya SP, Mondal S, Das S, Ghosh P. Merging Photocatalytic Doubly-Decarboxylative C sp 2 -C sp 2 Cross-Coupling for Stereo-Selective (E)-α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Synthesis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303337. [PMID: 37987541 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalytic domain of doubly decarboxylative Csp 2 -Csp 2 cross coupling reaction is disclosed. Merging iridium and palladium photocatalysis manifested carbon-carbon bonds in a tandem dual-radical pathway. Present catalytic platform efficiently cross-coupled α, β-unsaturated acids and α-keto acids to afford a variety of α, β-unsaturated ketones with excellent (E)-selectivity and functional group tolerance. Mechanistically, photocatalyst implicated through reductive quenching cycle whereas cross coupling proceeded over one electron oxidative pallado-cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subal Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Siba P Midya
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Soumya Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Suman Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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10
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Uchikura T, Takahashi K, Oishi T, Akiyama T. Visible-light-driven enantioselective intermolecular [2 + 2] photocyclization utilizing bathochromic excitation mediated by a chiral phosphoric acid. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9138-9142. [PMID: 37975203 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01425h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We report herein an enantioselective intermolecular [2 + 2] photocyclization of alkenyl 2-pyrrolyl ketones using the bathochromic shift mediated by a chiral phosphoric acid. This synthetic method provides access to cyclobutanes with up to 98% ee. According to the UV-Vis spectra, the bathochromic effect was observed by mixing alkenyl 2-pyrrolyl ketones and a chiral phosphoric acid. A non-linear correlation was observed between the ee of the catalyst and the ee of the cycloadduct, suggesting that both substrates bind to the chiral phosphoric acid and form a dimer complex before photocycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Uchikura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1, Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1, Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tatsushi Oishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1, Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takahiko Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1, Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Wang MF, Deng YH, Hong YX, Gu JH, Cao YY, Liu Q, Braunstein P, Lang JP. In situ observation of a stepwise [2 + 2] photocycloaddition process using fluorescence spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7766. [PMID: 38012167 PMCID: PMC10682429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Using highly sensitive and selective in situ techniques to investigate the dynamics of intermediates formation is key to better understand reaction mechanisms. However, investigating the early stages of solid-state reactions/transformations is still challenging. Here we introduce in situ fluorescence spectroscopy to observe the evolution of intermediates during a two-step [2 + 2] photocycloaddition process in a coordination polymer platform. The structural changes and kinetics of each step under ultraviolet light irradiation versus time are accompanied by the gradual increase-decrease of intensity and blue-shift of the fluorescence spectra from the crystals. Monitoring the fluorescence behavior using a laser scanning confocal microscope can directly visualize the inhomogeneity of the photocycloaddition reaction in a single crystal. Theoretical calculations allow us to rationalize the fluorescence behavior of these compounds. We provide a convenient strategy for visualizing the solid-state photocycloaddition dynamics using fluorescence spectroscopy and open an avenue for kinetic studies of a variety of fast reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hu Deng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Hong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Gu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yong Cao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal - CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Liu Y, Brown MK. Photosensitized [2 + 2]-Cycloadditions of Dioxaborole: Reactivity Enabled by Boron Ring Constraint Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25061-25067. [PMID: 37939224 PMCID: PMC11041673 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A strategy to achieve photosensitized [2 + 2] cycloadditions by means of temporary ring constraint is reported. Specifically, a dioxaborole is prepared that undergoes [2 + 2] cycloadditions with a wide variety of alkenes. This strategy overcomes some challenges with the cycloaddition of acyclic substrates. The products can be easily transformed into cyclobutyl diols or 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds; the latter represents a formal alkene vicinal diacylation. The synthetic utility of this method is shown in the synthesis of valuable heterocycles and biatriosporin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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13
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Zhang T, Zhang J, Mori A, Morii T, Kuramochi K, Maekawa H. Regioselective Coupling of Different Conjugate Esters by Magnesium Metal Reduction: A Route to Unsymmetrical Adipic Acid Esters. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15894-15901. [PMID: 37933141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel tactic to synthesize unsymmetrical 3-aryladipic acid esters has been developed via magnesium-promoted reductive coupling of ethyl cinnamates with methyl acrylate. In the present methodology, 3-aryladipic acid derivatives were prepared with good functional group tolerance and a wide substrate scope under very mild reaction conditions in good yields. The application of this reaction to dienic acid esters led to the successful control of the reaction to give 5-aryl-oct-3-enedioic acid esters with high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jiawu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Akihiro Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Taku Morii
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kuramochi
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maekawa
- Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
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14
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Yang P, Wang RX, Huang XL, Cheng YZ, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclobutane Derivatives via Cascade Asymmetric Allylic Etherification/[2 + 2] Photocycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21752-21759. [PMID: 37768553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Chiral cyclobutane presents as a popular motif in natural products and biologically active molecules, and its derivatives have been extensively used as key synthons in organic synthesis. Herein, we report an efficient synthetic method toward enantioenriched cyclobutane derivatives. The reaction proceeds in a cascade fashion involving Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic etherification and visible-light induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Readily available branched allyl acetates and cinnamyl alcohols are directly used as the substrates under mild reaction conditions, providing a broad range of chiral cyclobutanes in good yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 12:1 dr, >99% ee). It is worth noting that all substrates and catalysts were simultaneously added without any separated step in this approach. The gram-scale reaction and diverse transformations of product further enhance the potential utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusu Yang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu-Lun Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Yavari I, Shaabanzadeh S. Migration from Photochemistry to Electrochemistry for [2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37289957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclobutane scaffolds are incorporated in several valuable natural and bioactive products. However, non-photochemical ways to synthesize cyclobutanes have scarcely been investigated. Herein, based on the principles of the electrosynthesis technique, we introduce a novel electrochemical approach for attaining cyclobutanes by a simple [2 + 2] cycloaddition of two electron-deficient olefins in the absence of photocatalysts or metal catalysts. This electrochemical strategy provides a suitable condition for synthesizing tetrasubstituted cyclobutanes with a variety of functional groups in good to excellent efficiency, compatible with gram-scale synthesis. In contrast to previous challenging methods, this approach strongly focuses on the convenient accessibility of the reaction instruments and starting materials for preparing cyclobutanes. Readily accessible and inexpensive electrode materials are firm evidence to prove the simplicity of this reaction. In addition, mechanistic insight into the reaction is obtained by investigation of the CV spectra of the reactants. Also, the structure of a product is identified by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Yavari
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14115-175, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
| | - Sina Shaabanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14115-175, Tehran 1411713116, Iran
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16
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Yan M, Zhou Q, Lu P. Collective Synthesis of Chiral Tetrasubstituted Cyclobutanes Enabled by Enantioconvergent Negishi Cross-Coupling of Cyclobutenones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218008. [PMID: 36539352 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyclobutenones provide a straightforward four-carbon ring platform for further structural elaborations in that every carbon atom of the ring could be potentially functionalized. We report here a nickel catalyzed enantioconvergent Negishi coupling of 4-iodocyclobutenones with an array of aryl or alkenyl zinc reagents to access enantioenriched 4-substituted cyclobutenones, from which a modular approach to the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted cyclobutanes was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
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17
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Golfmann M, Glagow L, Giakoumidakis A, Golz C, Walker JCL. Organophotocatalytic [2+2] Cycloaddition of Electron-Deficient Styrenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202373. [PMID: 36282627 PMCID: PMC10100360 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light organophotocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition of electron-deficient styrenes is described. Photocatalytic [2+2] cycloadditions are typically performed with electron-rich styrene derivatives or α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and with transition-metal-based catalysts. We have discovered that an organic cyanoarene photocatalyst is able to deliver high-value cyclobutane products bearing electron-deficient aryl substituents in good yields. A range of electron-deficient substituents are tolerated, and both homodimerisations and intramolecular [2+2] cycloadditions to fused bicyclic systems are available by using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Golfmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Louis Glagow
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antonios Giakoumidakis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes C L Walker
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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18
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Hu D, Zhang Y, Li J, Liang K, Xia C. Water-mediated radical C-H tosylation of alkenes with tosyl cyanide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:462-465. [PMID: 36519429 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The water-mediated tosylation of alkenes with tosyl cyanide was discovered. Experimental investigations revealed that the reaction was initiated by the in situ formation of sulfinyl sulfone in the presence of water. The sulfinyl sulfone species decomposed to a sulfonyl radical and a sulfinyl radical through homolytic fission. The vinyl sulfone was afforded via sequential addition of the alkene to the sulfonyl radical and the sulfinyl radical, followed by β-elimination of a sulfinyl moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jianwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Kangjiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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19
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Wang N, Yan RP, Xiong YS, Mi Y, Hu FL, Ge Y, Young DJ, Lang JP. Coordination Polymer-Mediated Molecular Surgery for Precise Interconversion of Dicyclobutane Compounds. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:21016-21023. [PMID: 36493467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A Cd(II)-based coordination polymer {[Cd2(5-F-1,3-bpeb)2(FBA)4]·H2O}n (CP1) was obtained from Cd(II) salt, 5-fluoro-1,3-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene (5-F-1,3-bpeb), and p-fluorobenzoic acid (HFBA). Within the one-dimensional chain structure of CP1, a pair of 5-F-1,3-bpeb was arranged in a face-to-face style. Upon UV irradiation and heat treatment, multiple cyclobutane isomers, including specific monocyclobutanes (1 with an endo-cyclobutane ring in CP1-1 and 1' with an exo-cyclobutane ring in CP1-1') and dicyclobutanes (endo,endo-dicyclobutane 2α in CP1-2α, exo,endo-dicyclobutane 2β in CP1-2β, and exo,exo-dicyclobutane 2γ in CP1-2γ) were stereoselectively produced. These isomers could be interconverted inside the CP via cutting/coupling specific bonds, which may be regarded as a type of molecular surgery. The precision of cutting/coupling relied on the thermal stability of the cyclobutanes and the alignment of the reactive alkene centers. The conversion processes were tracked through nuclear magnetic resonance, in situ powder X-ray diffraction, and IR spectroscopy. This approach can be considered as skeletal editing to construct complex organic compounds directly from one precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Si Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Yan Mi
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Long Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ge
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - David James Young
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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20
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Li JL, Yang XL, Shen S, Niu X. Synthesis of 10-Phenanthrenols via Photosensitized Triplet Energy Transfer, Photoinduced Electron Transfer, and Cobalt Catalysis. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16458-16472. [PMID: 36441578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to the inert redox activity and high triplet energy, radical chemistry of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds usually requires prefunctionalization substrates, external oxidant, and high-energy UV light. Here, we report a visible-light-driven photocatalyst/cobaloxime system composed of a photosensitized energy transfer reaction (PEnT) and photoinduced electron transfer reaction (PET) and with an interrupted 6π-photocyclization/dehydrogenative aromatization in one pot to synthesize 10-phenanthrenols. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that fac-Ir(ppy)3 plays the dual roles of energy transfer catalysis for photocycloaddition via 1,2-biradical intermediates of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and photoredox/cobaloxime catalysis dehydrogenative aromatization of 1,4-biradical rather than the intermediates via 6π photocyclization in the tandem reaction. In contrast to previous well-established radical chemistry of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, we provide a new strategy for the activation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under visible light catalysis, affording a novel cyclization strategy with extremely high atom economy for the synthesis of 10-phenanthrenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Shigang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China.,Postdoctoral Research Station of Chemistry Affiliated College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
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21
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Lin Y, Avvacumova M, Zhao R, Chen X, Beard MC, Yan Y. Triplet Energy Transfer from Lead Halide Perovskite for Highly Selective Photocatalytic 2 + 2 Cycloaddition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25357-25365. [PMID: 35609341 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Triplet excitons are generally confined within a semiconductor. Hence, solar energy utilization via direct triplet energy transfer (TET) from semiconductors is challenging. TET from lead halide perovskite semiconductors to nearby organic molecules has been illustrated with ultrafast spectroscopy. Direct utilization of solar energy, i.e., visible light, via TET for photocatalysis is an important route but has not yet been demonstrated with lead halide perovskite semiconductors. Here, we show that a photocatalytic reaction, focusing on a 2 + 2 cycloaddition reaction, can been successfully demonstrated via TET from lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). The triplet excitons are shown to induce a highly diastereomeric syn-selective 2 + 2 cycloaddition starting from olefins. Such photocatalytic reactions probe the TET process previously only observed spectroscopically. Moreover, our observation demonstrates that bulk-like PNCs (size, >10 nm; PL = 530 nm), in addition to quantum-confined smaller PNCs, are also effective for TET. Our findings may render a new energy conversion pathway to employ PNCs via direct TET for photocatalytic organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Mariana Avvacumova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Ruilin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Xihan Chen
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Matthew C Beard
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
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22
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Lefarth J, Griesbeck AG. Photosensitized [2 + 2]-Cycloaddition of Complex Acceptor-Donor Combinations: A Regio/Diastereoselectivity Study. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8028-8033. [PMID: 35649132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photosensitized [2 + 2]-cycloaddition of chalcones, conjugated cyclopentenones, and cyclohexenones with electron-rich alkenes such as cyclic enolethers and polymethylated alkenes was investigated. While cyclic enones showed high regio- and stereoselectivity, acyclic enones resulted in a more complex product mixture containing dimers as well as four dominant regio- and diastereoisomers. This complex product mixture can be controlled by adjusting the reaction conditions such as sensitizer, solvents, or additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Lefarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Axel G Griesbeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
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23
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Lenihan JM, Mailloux MJ, Beeler AB. Multigram Scale Synthesis of Piperarborenines C-E. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Lenihan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Matthew J. Mailloux
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Aaron B. Beeler
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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24
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Wang MF, Mi Y, Hu FL, Hirao H, Niu Z, Braunstein P, Lang JP. Controllable multiple-step configuration transformations in a thermal/photoinduced reaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2847. [PMID: 35606507 PMCID: PMC9126889 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30597-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state photochemical reactions of olefinic compounds have been demonstrated to represent powerful access to organic cyclic molecules with specific configurations. However, the precise control of the stereochemistry in these reactions remains challenging owing to complex and fleeting configuration transformations. Herein, we report a unique approach to control the regiospecific configurations of C = C groups and the intermediates by varying temperatures in multiple-step thermal/photoinduced reactions, thus successfully realizing reversible ring closing/opening changes using a single-crystal coordination polymer platform. All stereochemical transitions are observed by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Density functional theory calculations allow us to rationalize the mechanism of the synergistic thermal/photoinduced transformations. This approach can be generalized to the analysis of the possible configuration transformations of functional groups and intermediates and unravel the detailed mechanism for any inorganic, organic and macromolecular reactions susceptible to incorporation into single-crystal coordination polymer platforms. Solid-state photochemical reactions of olefinic compounds provide access to organic cyclic molecules with specific configurations but the precise control of the stereochemistry in these reactions remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate control of the regiospecific configurations of C=C groups and the intermediates by varying temperatures in multi-step thermal and photoinduced ring opening and closing reactions using a single-crystal coordination polymer platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Mi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Long Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hajime Hirao
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Longgang Dist., Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng Niu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg - CNRS, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Bai J, Shi Z, Ma X, Yin J, Jiang X. Wavelength-Selective Photocycloadditions of Styryl-Anthracene. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200055. [PMID: 35338541 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Light-tunable covalent chemistry is highly urgent in the fields of chemistry, biology and material especially for the smart materials and surface, due to the spatiotemporal control and feasible operation. Here, we report a new type of wavelength-selective photo-cycloaddition of styryl-anthracene carboxylic acid (SACA). Upon the irradiation of 450 nm visible light or 365 nm UV light, SACA can undergo [2+2] or [2+4] photocycloaddition, respectively. Furthermore, the [2+2] photocycloaddition induced by vis-light of 450 nm is reversible and can be disrupted by 365 nm UV light to form dimer-24 which cannot be photo-cleavable. Owing to the feasibility and spatiotemporal characteristics of UV-Vis light-controlled photocycloaddition, the SACA possesses potential applications in various areas such as self-assembly, dynamic wrinkle and fluorescence patterns, which is also explored and exhibited in this work. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Zixing Shi
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
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26
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Serafino A, Chiminelli M, Balestri D, Marchiò L, Bigi F, Maggi RM, Malacria M, Maestri G. Dimerizing cascades of enallenamides reveal the visible-light-promoted activation of cumulated C-C double bonds. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2632-2639. [PMID: 35340858 PMCID: PMC8890112 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06719b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The visible-light-promoted activation of conjugated C-C double bonds is well developed, while that of cumulated systems is underexplored. We present the feasibility of this challenging approach. The localization of a triplet on an allenamide arm can be favored over that on a conjugated alkene. Allenamides with an arylacryloyl arm dimerize at room temperature in the presence of visible light and an iridium(iii) photocatalyst. Two orthogonal polycyclizations took place and their outcome is entirely dictated by the substitution of the alkene partner. Both cascades afford complex molecular architectures with high selectivity. Products form through the ordered rearrangement of twelve π electrons, providing a [3.2.0] bicyclic unit tethered to a fused tricycle, whose formation included an aryl C-H functionalization step, using disubstituted alkenes. The outcome was reverted with trisubstituted ones, which gave rise to taxane-like bridged tricycles that had two six-membered lactams flanking a cyclooctane ring, which was established through the creation of four alternate C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Serafino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Maurizio Chiminelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Davide Balestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy .,IMEM-CNR Parco Area Delle Scienze 37/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Rai-Mondo Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Max Malacria
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Science and Engineering, IPCM (UMR CNRS 8232) 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
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27
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Sierra S, Gomez MV, Jiménez AI, Pop A, Silvestru C, Marín ML, Boscá F, Sastre G, Gómez-Bengoa E, Urriolabeitia EP. Stereoselective, Ruthenium-Photocatalyzed Synthesis of 1,2-Diaminotruxinic Bis-amino Acids from 4-Arylidene-5(4 H)-oxazolones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3529-3545. [PMID: 35143202 PMCID: PMC8902759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The irradiation of
(Z)-2-phenyl-4-aryliden-5(4H)-oxazolones 1 in deoxygenated CH2Cl2 at 25 °C
with blue light (465 nm) in
the presence of [Ru(bpy)3](BF4)2 (5%
mole ratio) as a triplet photocatalyst promotes
the [2+2] photocycloaddition of the C=C bonds of the 4-arylidene
moiety, thus allowing the completely regio- and stereoselective formation
of cyclobutane-bis(oxazolone)s 2 as single stereoisomers.
Cyclobutanes 2 have been unambiguously characterized
as the μ-isomers and contain two E-oxazolones
coupled in an anti-head-to-head form. The use of
continuous-flow techniques in microreactors allows the synthesis of
cyclobutanes 2 in only 60 min, compared with the 24–48
h required in batch mode. Ring opening of the oxazolone heterocycle
in 2 with a base affords the corresponding 1,2-diaminotruxinic
bis-amino esters 3, which are also obtained selectively
as μ-isomers. The ruthenium complex behaves as a triplet photocatalyst,
generating the reactive excited state of the oxazolone via an energy-transfer
process. This reactive excited state has been characterized as a triplet
diradical 3(E/Z)-1* by laser flash photolysis (transient absorption spectroscopy).
This technique also shows that this excited state is the same when
starting from either (Z)- or (E)-oxazolones.
Density functional theory calculations show that the first step of
the [2+2] cycloaddition between 3(E/Z)-1* and (Z)-1 is formation of
the C(H)–C(H) bond and that (Z) to (E) isomerization takes place at the 1,4-diradical thus formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sierra
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Victoria Gomez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana I Jiménez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pop
- Department of Chemistry, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Silvestru
- Department of Chemistry, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Luisa Marín
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (ITQ-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Boscá
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (ITQ-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Germán Sastre
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (ITQ-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV-EHU, Apdo. 1072, CP-20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Esteban P Urriolabeitia
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, ISQCH (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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28
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Jiang Y, Ma Q, Zhang X, Li J, Liao S. Solution [2 + 2] photopolymerization of biomass-derived nonrigid biscinnamate monomers enabled by energy transfer catalysis. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible light-mediated [2 + 2] photopolymerization of nonrigid biscinnamate monomers has been realized in solution via energy transfer catalysis, featuring its operation simplicity, controllability, and a general monomer scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Junfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Saihu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China
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29
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Song YF, Niu X, Zhao J, Shen S, Yang XL. Visible-light-mediated defluorinative cyclization of α-fluoro-β-enamino esters catalyzed by 4-CzIPN. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00412g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using 4-CzIPN as an energy transfer (EnT) photocatalyst and α-fluoro-β-enamino esters as the substrates, a mild 6π-photocyclization/defluorination of N-aryl enamines was carried out to efficiently construct indoles without oxidant and...
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30
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Enantioselective intermolecular [2 + 2] photocycloadditions of vinylazaarenes with triplet-state electron-deficient olefins. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(22)64156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Chai T, Zhang WH, Jiao H, Qiang Y. Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amide Dimers from Goji Berry and Their Potential Anti-AD Activity. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100436. [PMID: 34664781 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three undescribed hydroxycinnamic acid amide dimers 1-3 were isolated and identified from an extract of Goji berry. Their molecular structures were elucidated based on NMR, MS, and IR spectra analysis. Compounds 1-3 were hydroxycinnamic acid amide dimers, which possess a cyclic butane moiety formed by head-to-head connection. These compounds at 25 μM showed the disaggregation potency on the copper-mediated Aβ1-42 aggregation ranging from 27.3±3.2 to 31.0±2.9 %. This study provides new information on the antiaging traditional usage of goji berry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Han Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yin Qiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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32
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Sherbrook EM, Genzink MJ, Park B, Guzei IA, Baik MH, Yoon TP. Chiral Brønsted acid-controlled intermolecular asymmetric [2 + 2] photocycloadditions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5735. [PMID: 34593790 PMCID: PMC8484615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over the stereochemistry of excited-state photoreactions remains a significant challenge in organic synthesis. Recently, it has become recognized that the photophysical properties of simple organic substrates can be altered upon coordination to Lewis acid catalysts, and that these changes can be exploited in the design of highly enantioselective catalytic photoreactions. Chromophore activation strategies, wherein simple organic substrates are activated towards photoexcitation upon binding to a Lewis acid catalyst, rank among the most successful asymmetric photoreactions. Herein, we show that chiral Brønsted acids can also catalyze asymmetric excited-state photoreactions by chromophore activation. This principle is demonstrated in the context of a highly enantio- and diastereoselective [2+2] photocycloaddition catalyzed by a chiral phosphoramide organocatalyst. Notably, the cyclobutane products arising from this method feature a trans-cis stereochemistry that is complementary to other enantioselective catalytic [2+2] photocycloadditions reported to date. Lewis acids have recently been shown to enable stereocontrol in photochemical cycloadditions, a difficult task due to the reactivity of excited-state compounds. Here the authors show that chiral Brønsted acids are competent chromophore activators in [2+2] cycloadditions, forming diastereomers disfavored in similar Lewis acid catalyzed photochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Sherbrook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Matthew J Genzink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tehshik P Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.
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33
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Yagci BB, Zorlu Y, Türkmen YE. Template-Directed Photochemical Homodimerization and Heterodimerization Reactions of Cinnamic Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13118-13128. [PMID: 34469153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed a general method for the selective photochemical homo- and heterodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives with the use of commercially available 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene as a covalent template. A variety of symmetrical and unsymmetrical β-truxinic acids were obtained in high yields and as single diastereomers. The use of a template not only provides the alignment of the two olefins with suitable proximity (<4.2 Å) but also allows the heterodimerization of two different cinnamic acids, leading to unsymmetrical β-truxinic acid products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Banu Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Türkmen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey.,UNAM, National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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34
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Yang B, Li SJ, Wang Y, Lan Y, Zhu S. Hydrogen radical-shuttle (HRS)-enabled photoredox synthesis of indanones via decarboxylative annulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5257. [PMID: 34489468 PMCID: PMC8421331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process is a powerful and effective strategy for activating C-H bonds followed by further functionalization. Intramolecular 1,n (n = 5 or 6)-HATs are common and frequently encountered in organic synthesis. However, intramolecular 1,n (n = 2 or 3)-HAT is very challenging due to slow kinetics. Compared to proton-shuttle process, which is well established for organic synthesis, hydrogen radical-shuttle (HRS) is unexplored. In this work, a HRS-enabled decarboxylative annulation of carbonyl compounds via photoredox catalysis for the synthesis of indanones is developed. This protocol features broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, internal hydrogen radical transfer, atom- and step-economy. Critical to the success of this process is the introduction of water, acting as both HRS and hydrogen source, which was demonstrated by mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Importantly, this mechanistically distinctive HAT provides a complement to that of typical proton-shuttle-promoted, representing a breakthrough in hydrogen radical transfer, especially in the inherently challenging 1,2- or 1,3-HAT. Although hydrogen atom transfer is widely observed in synthetic organic chemistry, intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer between atoms separated by fewer than four bonds is kinetically slow. Here the authors show a method to form indanones, with hydrogen atoms shuttled across short distances by water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Singfar Laboratories, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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35
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36
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9a-Phenyl-2,3,3a,3b,9a,9b-hexahydro-4H-furo[3‘,2’:3,4]cyclobuta- [1,2-b]chromen-4-one: A Flavone-Based [2 + 2]-Photocycloadduct. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermolecular [2 + 2]-photocycloaddition of the parent flavone molecule (4) as the triplet energy-accepting species and the electron-rich alkene 2, 3-dihydrofuran (5) was performed by visible-light-mediated triplet-sensitization with an iridium-based organometallic sensitizer. The reaction proceeds with high diastereo- and regioselectivity (>98:2 for the regiochemical orientation and with 95% d.s.). In contrast to numerous other ene/enone combinations that are described in the literature and were also performed by us, the reaction between 4 and 5 almost solely afforded the cis-syn-cis cyclobutane 6, whereas analogous conjugated six- and five-membered cycloalkenones preferentially react to cis-anti-cis cyclobutanes or a mixture of both diastereoisomers (e.g., for the cyclohexanone-derived example 9).
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37
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Jeremias N, Mohr LM, Bach T. Intermolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition of α,β-Unsaturated Sulfones: Catalyst-Free Reaction and Catalytic Variants. Org Lett 2021; 23:5674-5678. [PMID: 34263603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
2-Aryl-1-sulfonyl-substituted cyclobutanes were prepared in an intermolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition from various α,β-unsaturated sulfones and olefins upon irradiation at λ = 300 nm (26 examples, 60-99% yield). Lewis acids catalyzed the [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of 2-benzimidazolyl styryl sulfones. At short wavelengths, the latter substrates underwent C-S bond cleavage but AlBr3 (5 mol %) allowed for an intermolecular reaction with 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene at longer wavelengths. A chiral-at-metal Lewis acid (2 mol %) facilitated an enantioselective reaction (up to 77% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Jeremias
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Mohr
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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38
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Heteroleptic copper(I) complexes as energy transfer photocatalysts for the intermolecular [2 + 2] photodimerization of chalcones, cinnamates and cinnamamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Wu CJ, Cao WX, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Tandem [2 + 2] Cycloaddition/Rearrangement toward Carbazoles by Visible-Light Photocatalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:2135-2139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Juan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Kölmel DK, Zhu H, Flanagan ME, Sakata SK, Harris AR, Wan J, Morgan BA. Employing Photocatalysis for the Design and Preparation of DNA‐Encoded Libraries: A Case Study. CHEM REC 2021; 21:616-630. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K. Kölmel
- Worldwide Research and Development Pfizer Inc Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 United States
| | - Hongyao Zhu
- Worldwide Research and Development Pfizer Inc Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 United States
| | - Mark E. Flanagan
- Worldwide Research and Development Pfizer Inc Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 United States
| | - Sylvie K. Sakata
- Worldwide Research and Development Pfizer Inc 10770 Science Center Drive San Diego CA 92121 United States
| | - Anthony R. Harris
- Worldwide Research and Development Pfizer Inc Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 United States
| | - Jinqiao Wan
- HitGen Inc Building 6, No. 8 Huigu first East Road, Tianfu International Bio-Town, Shuangliu District Chengdu City Sichuan Province P. R. China
| | - Barry A. Morgan
- HitGen Inc Building 6, No. 8 Huigu first East Road, Tianfu International Bio-Town, Shuangliu District Chengdu City Sichuan Province P. R. China
- HitGen Pharmaceuticals Inc PO Box 88240 Houston TX 77288 United States
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41
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Griesbeck AG, Öngel B, Brüllingen E, Renner M. New Photochromic α-Methylchalcones Are Highly Photostable, Even under Singlet Oxygen Conditions: Breaking the α-Methyl Michael-System Reactivity by Reversible Peroxybiradical Formation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030642. [PMID: 33530633 PMCID: PMC7865278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-methylated chalcones 7a–7e behave as P-type photochromic substances with photo-stationary states (PSS) as high as 15:85 when irradiated at 350 nm. These compounds are easily accessible in pure E-configuration by aldol condensation or by oxidative coupling/elimination. The α-methyl groups make these compounds potentially reactive with singlet oxygen following the gem-rule that predicts 1O2 regioselectivity. Even after long irradiations times in the presence of the singlet oxygen sensitizer tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and oxygen, however, no oxygenation products were detected. Under these conditions, all substrates were converted into 9:1 E/Z-mixtures despite the use of low-energy light that does not allow direct or sensitized excitation of the substrates 7. Additionally, chalcone 7a reduced the singlet oxygen reactivity of the tiglic ketone 3a by about a factor of two, indicating substantial physical quenching of singlet oxygen by the α-methylated chalcones 7a–7e. Thus, a singlet oxygen-induced E/Z-isomerization involving 1,2-dioxatetra-methylene biradicals that leads to triplet oxygen and thermodynamic E/Z-mixtures is postulated and supported by quantum chemical (DFT)-calculations.
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Targanski SK, Sousa JR, de Pádua GM, de Sousa JM, Vieira LC, Soares MA. Larvicidal activity of substituted chalcones against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and non-target organisms. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:325-334. [PMID: 32729190 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expansion of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population has increased the number of cases of arboviruses, in part due to the inefficiency and toxicity of the chemical control methods available to control this vector. We synthesized 19 chalcone derivatives and examined their activity against Ae. aegypti larvae in order to select larvicidal compounds that are non-toxic to other organisms. RESULTS Seven chalcone derivatives (3a, 3e, 3f, 6a, 6c, 6d, and 6f) had lethal concentrations of substituted chalcones capable of killing 50% (LC50 ) values lower than 100 mg mL-1 at 24 h post-treatment, which is the dose that the World Health Organization recommends for the selection of promising larvicides. The type of substituent added to (E)-1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (3a) markedly affected the larvicidal activity. Addition of chlorine, bromine and methoxy groups to the aromatic rings reduced the larvicidal activity, while replacement of the B-ring (phenyl) by a furan ring significantly increased the larvicidal activity. The furan-chalcone (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6c) killed Ae. aegypti larvae (LC50 = 6.66 mg mL-1 ; LC90 = 9.97 mg mL-1 ) more effectively than the non-substituted chalcone (3a) (LC50 = 14.43 mg mL-1 ; LC90 = 20.96 mg mL-1 ), and was not toxic to the insect Galleria mellonella, to the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis, and to the algae Chorella vulgaris. CONCLUSIONS The substitution pattern of chalcones influenced their larvicidal activity. In the set of compounds tested, (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6c) was the most effective larvicide against Ae. aegypti, with no clear signs of toxicity to other animal models. Its mechanism of action and effectiveness under field conditions remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina K Targanski
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Janaína R Sousa
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Geilly Ms de Pádua
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Jéssica M de Sousa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cc Vieira
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Várzea Grande, Brazil
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Xie X, Pan H, Zhou TP, Han MY, Wang L, Geng X, Ma Y, Liao RZ, Wang ZM, Yang J, Li P. ortho-Ethynyl group assisted regioselective and diastereoselective [2 + 2] cross-photocycloaddition of alkenes under photocatalyst-, additive-, and solvent-free conditions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01017d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A highly regioselective and diastereoselective [2 + 2]-cross-photocycloaddition between electron-poor and electron-rich/electron-neutral alkenes under visible-light irradiation without a photocatalyst, additive and solvent was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Xie
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Hong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Ping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Man-Yi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Yang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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44
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Shu Y, Ye K, Yue Y, Sun J, Wang H, Zhong J, Yang X, Gao H, Lu R. Fluorine as a robust balancer for tuning the reactivity of topo-photoreactions of chalcones and the photomechanical effects of molecular crystals. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The higher the number of fluorine atoms, the higher the topological photo-induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactivity of chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jiangbin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xiqiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Hongqiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Ran Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
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45
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Bryden MA, Zysman-Colman E. Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds used in photocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7587-7680. [PMID: 34002736 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds that show Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) have become wildly popular as next-generation emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Since 2016, a subset of these have found increasing use as photocatalysts. This review comprehensively highlights their potential by documenting the diversity of the reactions where an organic TADF photocatalyst can be used in lieu of a noble metal complex photocatalyst. Beyond the small number of TADF photocatalysts that have been used to date, the analysis conducted within this review reveals the wider potential of organic donor-acceptor TADF compounds as photocatalysts. A discussion of the benefits of compounds showing TADF for photocatalysis is presented, which paints a picture of a very promising future for organic photocatalyst development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Amy Bryden
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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46
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Wang Z, Flores Q, Guo H, Trevizo R, Zhang X, Wang S. Crystal Engineering Construction of Caffeic Acid Derivatives with Potential Applications in Pharmaceuticals and Degradable Polymeric Materials. CrystEngComm 2020; 22:7847-7857. [PMID: 33343233 PMCID: PMC7744004 DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01403f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are precious feedstock in drug discovery and sustainable materials. This work using crystal engineering strategy, visible light, and solvent-free cycloaddition successfully constructed two caffeic acid derivatives, rel-(1R,2R,3S,4S)-2,4-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)cyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylate and rel-(1R,2R,3S,4S)-2,4-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)cyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid. Because of the multiple stereocenters, it is challenging to prepare those compounds using traditional organic synthesis methods. The crystal engineering Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D intermolecular interaction fingerprints were applied to synthetic route design. The light resources used in this work was visible LED or free, clean, and renewable sunlight. The evidence suggested that pure stereoisomer was obtained demonstrating the stereospecificity and efficiency of the topochemical cycloaddition reaction. The derivatives exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant biological activities, as well as the potential inhibitory activity of fatty acid binding proteins. One of the derivatives is the precursor of the natural product Shimobashiric acid C which paves the way for the total synthesis and further study of Shimobashiric acid C. In addition, the derivatives possess photodegradability at a specific wavelength, which is very attractive for "green" degradable polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Wang
- Department of Physical Sciences, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
| | - Quinton Flores
- Department of Physical Sciences, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
| | - Hongye Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Raquel Trevizo
- Department of Physical Sciences, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
| | - Xiaochan Zhang
- Department of Physical Sciences, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
| | - Shihan Wang
- College of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
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47
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Reischauer S, Strauss V, Pieber B. Modular, Self-Assembling Metallaphotocatalyst for Cross-Couplings Using the Full Visible-Light Spectrum. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimalle 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Strauss
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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48
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Ortho-substitution groups promoted photo-induced E (trans) → Z (cis) isomerization. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Cage-confined photocatalysis for wide-scope unusually selective [2 + 2] cycloaddition through visible-light triplet sensitization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4675. [PMID: 32938933 PMCID: PMC7494878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition is the most straightforward way to generate cyclobutanes, which are core structures of many natural products, drugs and bioactive compounds. Despite continuous advances in selective [2 + 2] cycloaddition research, general method for intermolecular photocatalysis of acyclic olefins with specific regio- and diastereoselectivity, for example, syn-head-to-head (syn-HH) cyclobutane derivatives, is still lack of development but highly desired. Herein, we report a cage-confined photocatalytic protocol to enable unusual intermolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition for α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The syn-HH diastereomers are readily generated with diastereoselectivity up to 99%. The cage-catalyst is highly efficient and robust, covering a diverse substrate range with excellent substituent tolerance. The mimic-enzyme catalysis is proposed through a host-guest mediated procedure expedited by aqueous phase transition of reactant and product, where the supramolecular cage effect plays an important role to facilitate substrates inclusion and pre-orientation, offering a promising avenue for general and eco-friendly cycloaddition photocatalysis with special diastereoselectivity. Light-induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition is the most efficient way to generate cyclobutanes, while suffering from limitations of specific selectivity. Here the authors report a cage-confined photocatalytic [2 + 2] cycloaddition to enable the unusual production of syn-head-to-head cyclobutane derivatives selectively.
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50
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Rolka AB, Koenig B. Dearomative Cycloadditions Utilizing an Organic Photosensitizer: An Alternative to Iridium Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:5035-5040. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa B. Rolka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Koenig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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