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Lachguar A, Del Rosal I, Maron L, Jeanneau E, Veyre L, Thieuleux C, Camp C. π-Bonding of Group 11 Metals to a Tantalum Alkylidyne Alkyl Complex Promotes Unusual Tautomerism to Bis-alkylidene and CO 2 to Ketenyl Transformation. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38936814 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
A salt metathesis synthetic strategy is used to access rare tantalum/coinage metal (Cu, Ag, Au) heterobimetallic complexes. Specifically, complex [Li(THF)2][Ta(CtBu)(CH2tBu)3], 1, reacts with (IPr)MCl (M = Cu, Ag, Au, IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) to afford the alkylidyne-bridged species [Ta(CH2tBu)3(μ-CtBu)M(IPr)] 2-M. Interestingly, π-bonding of group 11 metals to the Ta─C moiety promotes a rare alkylidyne alkyl to bis-alkylidene tautomerism, in which compounds 2-M are in equilibrium with [Ta(CHtBu)(CH2tBu)2(μ-CHtBu)M(IPr)] 3-M. This equilibrium was studied in detail using NMR spectroscopy and computational studies. This reveals that the equilibrium position is strongly dependent on the nature of the coinage metal going down the group 11 triad, thus offering a new valuable avenue for controlling this phenomenon. Furthermore, we show that these uncommon bimetallic couples could open attractive opportunities for synergistic reactivity. We notably report an uncommon deoxygenative carbyne transfer to CO2 resulting in rare examples of coinage metal ketenyl species, (tBuCCO)M(IPr), 4-M (M = Cu, Ag, Au). In the case of the Ta/Li analogue 1, the bis(alkylidene) tautomer is not detected, and the reaction with CO2 does not cleanly yield ketenyl species, which highlights the pivotal role played by the coinage metal partner in controlling these unconventional reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhak Lachguar
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M UMR 5128), CNRS, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE-Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69616, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Erwann Jeanneau
- Centre de Diffractométrie Henri Longchambon, Université de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M UMR 5128), CNRS, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE-Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69616, France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M UMR 5128), CNRS, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE-Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69616, France
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M UMR 5128), CNRS, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE-Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69616, France
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2
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Regnacq M, Lesage D, Holmsen MSM, Miqueu K, Bourissou D, Gimbert Y. Energetics of key Au(III)-substrate adducts relevant to catalytic hydroarylation of alkynes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13528-13536. [PMID: 37721177 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02393a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
(P,C)-cyclometalated Au(III) complexes have shown remarkable ability to catalyze the intermolecular hydroarylation of alkynes. Evidence of an outer-sphere mechanism has been provided in a previous study and is confirmed here by analysing the experimental data and DFT calculations. In this work, we propose evaluation of critical energies of dissociation of Au(III) complexes with different substrates via energy-resolved mass spectrometry (ERMS) experiments and kinetic modelling. The kinetic model is based on a multi-collisional approach. On the one hand, the classification confirms the mechanism previously proposed; on the other hand, it supports the collisional model and its application to particularly fragile adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Regnacq
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Denis Lesage
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Marte S M Holmsen
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire - DCM UMR 5250, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Lara Garnica R, Rama RJ, Chambrier I, Agonigi G, Hughes DL, Lalinde E, Bochmann M, Fernandez-Cestau J. Luminescent Au(III)-M(I) (M = Cu, Ag) Aggregates Based on Dicyclometalated Bis(alkynyl) Gold Anions†. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12683-12696. [PMID: 37534700 PMCID: PMC10428224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses and structures of a series of complexes based on the C∧C-chelated Au(III) unit (C∧C = 4,4'-bis(t-butyl) 2,2'-biphenyl-1,1'-diyl) are reported, namely, [{(C∧C)Au(C≡CtBu)2}2M2], (C∧C)Au(C≡CR)(C≡NXyl), and [{(C∧C)Au(C≡CR)2}{M(C≡NXyl)}] (M = Ag, Cu; R = tBu, C6H4tBu-4, C6H4OMe-4; Xyl = 3,5-Me2C6H3). The X-ray structures reveal a broad range of dispositions determined by the different coordination modes of Ag(I) or Cu(I). The complexes are bright photoemitters in the solid state and in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films. The photoluminescence is dominated by 3IL(C∧C) transitions, with indirect effects from the rest of the molecules, as supported by theoretical calculations. This work opens up the possibility of accessing Au(III) carbon-rich anions to construct photoluminescent aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Lara Garnica
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
- Departamento
de Química—Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química (CISQ), Universidad de La
Rioja, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Raquel J. Rama
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Universidad
de Sevilla, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
- SMN Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Gabriele Agonigi
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University
of Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - David L. Hughes
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento
de Química—Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química (CISQ), Universidad de La
Rioja, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Julio Fernandez-Cestau
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
- Departamento
de Química—Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química (CISQ), Universidad de La
Rioja, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
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4
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Au(III) Cyclometallated Compounds with 2-Arylpyridines and Their Derivatives or Analogues: 34 Years (1989–2022) of NMR and Single Crystal X-ray Studies. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A review paper on Au(III) cyclometallated compounds with 2-arylpyridines (2-phenylpyridine, 2-benzylpyridine, 2-benzoylpyridine, 2-phenoxypyridine, 2-phenylsulfanylpyridine, 2-anilinopyridine, 2-(naphth-2-yl)pyridine, 2-(9,9-dialkylfluoren-2-yl)pyridines, 2-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)pyridine, and their derivatives) and their analogues (2-arylquinolines, 1- and 3-arylisoquinolines, 7,8-benzoquinoline), with 113 references. A total of 554 species, containing κ2-N(1),C(6′)*-Au(III), or analogous moiety (i.e., chelated by nitrogen of the pyridine-like ring and the deprotonated ortho- carbon of the phenyl-like ring) and, thus, possessing a character intermediate between metal complexes and organometallics, studied in the years 1989–2022 by NMR spectroscopy and/or single crystal X-ray diffraction (207 X-ray structures), are described. The compounds for which biological or catalytic activity and the luminescence properties were studied are also quoted.
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Holmsen MSM, Blons C, Amgoune A, Regnacq M, Lesage D, Sosa Carrizo ED, Lavedan P, Gimbert Y, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Mechanism of Alkyne Hydroarylation Catalyzed by (P,C)-Cyclometalated Au(III) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22722-22733. [PMID: 36455211 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 5-10 years, gold(III) catalysis has developed rapidly. It often shows complementary if not unique features compared to gold(I) catalysis. While recent work has enabled major synthetic progress in terms of scope and efficiency, very little is yet known about the mechanism of Au(III)-catalyzed transformations and the relevant key intermediates have rarely been authenticated. Here, we report a detailed experimental/computational mechanistic study of the recently reported intermolecular hydroarylation of alkynes catalyzed by (P,C)-cyclometalated Au(III) complexes. The cationic (P,C)Au(OAcF)+ complex (OAcF = OCOCF3) was authenticated by mass spectrometry (MS) in the gas phase and multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy in solution at low temperatures. According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the OAcF moiety is κ2-coordinated to gold in the ground state, but the corresponding κ1-forms featuring a vacant coordination site sit only slightly higher in energy. Side-on coordination of the alkyne to Au(III) then promotes nucleophilic addition of the arene. The energy profiles for the reaction between trimethoxybenzene (TMB) and diphenylacetylene (DPA) were computed by DFT. The activation barrier is significantly lower for the outer-sphere pathway than for the alternative inner-sphere mechanism involving C-H activation of the arene followed by migratory insertion. The π-complex of DPA was characterized by MS. An unprecedented σ-arene Au(III) complex with TMB was also authenticated both in the gas phase and in solution. The cationic complexes [(P,C)Au(OAcF)]+ and [(P,C)Au(OAcF)(σ-TMB)]+ stand as active species and off-cycle resting state during catalysis, respectively. This study provides a rational basis for the further development of Au(III) catalysis based on π-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte Sofie Martinsen Holmsen
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Charlie Blons
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Matthieu Regnacq
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc. 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Pierre Lavedan
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse - ICT, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire - IPCM UMR 8232, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.,Département de Chimie Moléculaire - DCM UMR 5250, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc. 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée - LHFA UMR 5069, CNRS/Université de Toulouse, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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6
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Khodjoyan S, Remadna E, Dossmann H, Lesage D, Gontard G, Forté J, Hoffmeister H, Basu U, Ott I, Spence P, Waller ZAE, Salmain M, Bertrand B. [(C C)Au(N N)] + Complexes as a New Family of Anticancer Candidates: Synthesis, Characterization and Exploration of the Antiproliferative Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:15773-15785. [PMID: 34436799 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A library of eleven cationic gold(III) complexes of the general formula [(C C)Au(N N)]+ when C C is either biphenyl or 4,4'-ditertbutyldiphenyl and N N is a bipyridine, phenanthroline or dipyridylamine derivative have been synthesized and characterized. Contrasting effects on the viability of the triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 was observed from a preliminary screening. The antiproliferative activity of the seven most active complexes were further assayed on a larger panel of human cancer cells as well as on non-cancerous cells for comparison. Two complexes stood out for being either highly active or highly selective. Eventually, reactivity studies with biologically meaningful amino acids, glutathione, higher order DNA structures and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) revealed a markedly different behavior from that of the well-known coordinatively isomeric [(C N C)Au(NHC)]+ structure. This makes the [(C C)Au(N N)]+ complexes a new class of organogold compounds with an original mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silva Khodjoyan
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Edwyn Remadna
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Dossmann
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey Gontard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Henrik Hoffmeister
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Uttara Basu
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Philip Spence
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Zoë A E Waller
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1 N, UK
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 75005, Paris, France
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Abstract
In this contribution, we provide an overview of the main avenues that have emerged in gold coordination chemistry during the last years. The unique properties of gold have motivated research in gold chemistry, and especially regarding the properties and applications of gold compounds in catalysis, medicine, and materials chemistry. The advances in the synthesis and knowledge of gold coordination compounds have been possible with the design of novel ligands becoming relevant motifs that have allowed the preparation of elusive complexes in this area of research. Strong donor ligands with easily modulable electronic and steric properties, such as stable singlet carbenes or cyclometalated ligands, have been decisive in the stabilization of gold(0) species, gold fluoride complexes, gold hydrides, unprecedented π complexes, or cluster derivatives. These new ligands have been important not only from the fundamental structure and bonding studies but also for the synthesis of sophisticated catalysts to improve activity and selectivity of organic transformations. Moreover, they have enabled the facile oxidative addition from gold(I) to gold(III) and the design of a plethora of complexes with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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8
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Sustainable hydration of alkynes promoted by first row transition metal complexes. Background, highlights and perspectives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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9
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Rodriguez J, Tabey A, Mallet-Ladeira S, Bourissou D. Oxidative additions of alkynyl/vinyl iodides to gold and gold-catalyzed vinylation reactions triggered by the MeDalphos ligand. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7706-7712. [PMID: 34168822 PMCID: PMC8188461 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hemilabile Ad2P(o-C6H4)NMe2 ligand promotes fast, quantitative and irreversible oxidative addition of alkynyl and vinyl iodides to gold. The reaction is general. It works with a broad range of substrates of various electronic bias and steric demand, and proceeds with complete retention of stereochemistry from Z and E vinyl iodides. Both alkynyl and vinyl iodides react faster than aryl iodides. The elementary step is amenable to catalysis. Oxidative addition of vinyl iodides to gold and π-activation of alkenols (and N-alkenyl amines) at gold have been combined to achieve hetero-vinylation reactions. A number of functionalized heterocycles, i.e. tetrahydrofuranes, tetrahydropyranes, oxepanes and pyrrolidines were obtained thereby (24 examples, 87% average yield). Taking advantage of the chemoselectivity for vinyl iodides over aryl iodides, sequential transformations involving first a hetero-vinylation step and then a C-N coupling, a C-C coupling or an heteroarylation were achieved from a vinyl/aryl bis-iodide substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Alexis Tabey
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
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10
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Monitoring of the Pre-Equilibrium Step in the Alkyne Hydration Reaction Catalyzed by Au(III) Complexes: A Computational Study Based on Experimental Evidences. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092445. [PMID: 33922177 PMCID: PMC8122707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordination ability of the [(ppy)Au(IPr)]2+ fragment [ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene] towards different anionic and neutral X ligands (X = Cl−, BF4−, OTf−, H2O, 2-butyne, 3-hexyne) commonly involved in the crucial pre-equilibrium step of the alkyne hydration reaction is computationally investigated to shed light on unexpected experimental observations on its catalytic activity. Experiment reveals that BF4− and OTf− have very similar coordination ability towards [(ppy)Au(IPr)]2+ and slightly less than water, whereas the alkyne complex could not be observed in solution at least at the NMR sensitivity. Due to the steric hindrance/dispersion interaction balance between X and IPr, the [(ppy)Au(IPr)]2+ fragment is computationally found to be much less selective than a model [(ppy)Au(NHC)]2+ (NHC = 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) fragment towards the different ligands, in particular OTf− and BF4−, in agreement with experiment. Effect of the ancillary ligand substitution demonstrates that the coordination ability of Au(III) is quantitatively strongly affected by the nature of the ligands (even more than the net charge of the complex) and that all the investigated gold fragments coordinate to alkynes more strongly than H2O. Remarkably, a stabilization of the water-coordinating species with respect to the alkyne-coordinating one can only be achieved within a microsolvation model, which reconciles theory with experiment. All the results reported here suggest that both the Au(III) fragment coordination ability and its proper computational modelling in the experimental conditions are fundamental issues for the design of efficient catalysts.
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11
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π-Alkene/alkyne and carbene complexes of gold(I) stabilized by chelating ligands. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Feuerstein W, Holzer C, Gui X, Neumeier L, Klopper W, Breher F. Synthesis of New Donor-Substituted Biphenyls: Pre-ligands for Highly Luminescent (C^C^D) Gold(III) Pincer Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:17156-17164. [PMID: 32735695 PMCID: PMC7821303 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We herein report on new synthetic strategies for the preparation of pyridine and imidazole substituted 2,2'-dihalo biphenyls. These structures are pre-ligands suitable for the preparation of respective stannoles. The latter can successfully be transmetalated to K[AuCl4 ] forming non-palindromic [(C^C^D)AuIII ] pincer complexes featuring a lateral pyridine (D=N) or N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC, D=C') donor. The latter is the first report on a pincer complex with two formally anionic sp2 and one carbenic carbon donor. The [(C^C^D)AuIII ] complexes show intense phosphorescence in solution at room temperature. We discuss the developed multistep strategy and touch upon synthetic challenges. The prepared complexes have been fully characterized including X-ray diffraction analysis. The gold(III) complexes' photophysical properties have been investigated by absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations on the quasi-relativistic two-component TD-DFT and GW/Bethe-Salpeter level including spin-orbit coupling. Thus, we shed light on the electronic influence of the non-palindromic pincer ligand and reveal non-radiative relaxation pathways of the different ligands employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State PhysicsKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 176131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Xin Gui
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Lilly Neumeier
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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13
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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14
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Ewing WC, Dellermann T, Angel Wong YT, Mattock JD, Vargas A, Bryce DL, Dewhurst RD, Braunschweig H. π-Complexes of Diborynes with Main Group Atoms. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1553-1557. [PMID: 32207211 PMCID: PMC7317709 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We present herein an in‐depth study of complexes in which a molecule containing a boron‐boron triple bond is bound to tellurate cations. The analysis allows the description of these salts as true π complexes between the B−B triple bond and the tellurium center. These complexes thus extend the well‐known Dewar‐Chatt‐Duncanson model of bonding to compounds made up solely of p block elements. Structural, spectroscopic and computational evidence is offered to argue that a set of recently reported heterocycles consisting of phenyltellurium cations complexed to diborynes bear all the hallmarks of π‐complexes in the π‐complex/metallacycle continuum envisioned by Joseph Chatt. Described as such, these compounds are unique in representing the extreme of a metal‐free continuum with conventional unsaturated three‐membered rings (cyclopropenes, azirenes, borirenes) occupying the opposite end.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Ewing
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Y T Angel Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - James D Mattock
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, Sussex, UK
| | - Alfredo Vargas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, Sussex, UK
| | - David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Chambrier I, Hughes DL, Jeans RJ, Welch AJ, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Do Gold(III) Complexes Form Hydrogen Bonds? An Exploration of Au III Dicarboranyl Chemistry. Chemistry 2020; 26:939-947. [PMID: 31721328 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of 1,1'-Li2 [(2,2'-C2 B10 H10 )2 ] with the cyclometallated gold(III) complex (C^N)AuCl2 afforded the first examples of gold(III) dicarboranyl complexes. The reactivity of these complexes is subject to the trans-influence exerted by the dicarboranyl ligand, which is substantially weaker than that of non-carboranyl anionic C-ligands. In line with this, displacement of coordinated pyridine by chloride is only possible under forcing conditions. While treatment of (C^N)Au{(2,2'-C2 B10 H10 )2 } (2) with triflic acid leads to Au-C rather than Au-N bond protonolysis, aqueous HBr cleaves the Au-N bond to give the pyridinium bromo complex 7. The trans-influence of a series of ligands including dicarboranyl and bis(dicarboranyl) was assessed by means of DFT calculations. The analysis demonstrated that it was not sufficient to rely exclusively on geometric descriptors (calculated or experimental) when attempting to rank ligands for their trans influence. Complex (C^N)Au(C2 B10 H11 )2 containing two non-chelating dicarboranyl ligands was prepared similar to 2. Its reaction with trifluoroacetic acid also leads to Au-N cleavage to give trans-(Hpy^C)Au(OAcF )(C2 B10 H11 )2 (8). In crystals of 8 the pyridinium N-H bond points towards the metal centre, while in 7 it is bent away. The possible contribution of gold(III)⋅⋅⋅H-N hydrogen bonding in these complexes was investigated by DFT calculations. The results show that, unlike the situation for platinum(II), there is no evidence for an energetically significant contribution by hydrogen bonding in the case of gold(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Rebekah J Jeans
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Alan J Welch
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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16
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Wang J, Li X, Zheng S, Meng L. Mechanism and Stereoselectivity of the Elementometalation Process of Activated Alkyne RCCR(RCO 2 Me) by Cp 2 TaH 3. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:6-13. [PMID: 31568571 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The elementometalation process is a fundamental chemical step in several catalytic cycles. In this work, density functional theory computations have elucidated the detailed elementometalation mechanism of activated alkyne RCCR(RCO2 Me) by Cp2 TaH3 and rationalized the selectivity in experimental findings. The calculated results show that in the formation process of (E)-olefin monohydride((E)-Pro), the Gibbs free energy barrier is low and the entire reaction is spontaneous and exothermic; thus, (E)-Pro can be formed easily. The formation of (Z)-η2 -olefin monohydride complex ((Z)-Pro) is difficult due to its high Gibbs free energy barrier. The formation process (E)-Pro consists of the following five steps: hydride H1-shift, conformational isomerism 1, hydride H2-shift, conformational isomerism 2, and olefin coordination process. Topological analysis shows that there is a five-membered ring plane structure in the reaction pathway and that the final product (E)-Pro belongs to a typical η2 -olefin monohydride complex. Our calculated results provide an explanation for experimental observations and useful insights for further development of olefin functionalization. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Road East of 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Road East of 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Shijun Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Road East of 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Lingpeng Meng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Road East of 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
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17
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Segato J, Del Zotto A, Belpassi L, Belanzoni P, Zuccaccia D. Hydration of alkynes catalyzed by [Au(X)(L)(ppy)]X in the green solvent γ-valerolactone under acid-free conditions: the importance of the pre-equilibrium step. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Stable and robust [Au(H2O)(NHC)(ppy)](X)2 successfully catalyses the hydration of alkynes in GVL, under acid-free conditions. DFT calculation and NMR measurements suggest that pre-equilibrium is the key step of the whole process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Segato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Zotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
| | - Daniele Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali
- Sezione di Chimica
- Università di Udine
- I-33100 Udine
- Italy
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18
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Feuerstein W, Breher F. Synthetic access to a phosphorescent non-palindromic pincer complex of palladium by a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12589-12592. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A highly phosphorescent non-palindromic (C^C^N) palladium complex may be prepared by means of a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence, which is a new approach for the synthesis of non-palindromic pincer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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19
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Rodriguez J, Szalóki G, Sosa Carrizo ED, Saffon‐Merceron N, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Gold(III) π‐Allyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1511-1515. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - György Szalóki
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | | | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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20
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Rodriguez J, Szalóki G, Sosa Carrizo ED, Saffon‐Merceron N, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Gold(III) π‐Allyl Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - György Szalóki
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | | | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc 2 Avenue du Président Angot 64053 Pau Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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21
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Jiang JJ, Cui JF, Yang B, Ning Y, Lai NCH, Wong MK. Chiral Cyclometalated Oxazoline Gold(III) Complex-Catalyzed Asymmetric Carboalkoxylation of Alkynes. Org Lett 2019; 21:6289-6294. [PMID: 31386378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis by using novel chiral O,O'-chelated 4,4'-biphenol cyclometalated oxazoline gold(III) complexes has been developed. A high yield (≤89%) and a high enantioselectivity (≤90% ee) were achieved in asymmetric carboalkoxylation of alkynes. Enantioselectivity could be significantly improved from 19% to 90% ee by increasing the steric size of the substituent on the chiral oxazoline ligand. Catalytically active AuIII species and the origin of chiral induction are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Fang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong.,Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong
| | - Yulu Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong
| | - Nathanael Chun-Him Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong
| | - Man-Kin Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom , Hong Kong
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22
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Yang J, Zhu Y, Tse AKW, Zhou X, Chen Y, Tse YC, Wong KMC, Ho CY. Synthesis and study of Au(iii)-indolizine derivatives: turn-on luminescence by photo-induced controlled release. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4471-4474. [PMID: 30839955 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10177a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The photo- and structural properties of a series of Au(iii) indolizine complexes were determined. Controlled release of halogenated indolizine derivatives from the corresponding Au(iii) complexes was achieved by photoinduced C-X bond formation, which provided turn-on luminescence with an increase in emission intensity of up to 67 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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23
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Rocchigiani L, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Heterolytic bond activation at gold: evidence for gold(iii) H-B, H-Si complexes, H-H and H-C cleavage. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2633-2642. [PMID: 30996979 PMCID: PMC6425858 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) forms spectroscopically detectable H–B and H–Si σ-complexes; experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate heterolytic H–Si, H–H and H–C bond cleavage.
The coordinatively unsaturated gold(iii) chelate complex [(C^N–CH)Au(C6F5)]+ (1+) reacts with main group hydrides H–BPin and H–SiEt3 in dichloromethane solution at –70 °C to form the corresponding σ-complexes, which were spectroscopically characterized (C^N–CH = 2-(C6H3But)-6-(C6H4But)pyridine anion; Pin = OCMe2CMe2O). In the presence of an external base such as diethyl ether, heterolytic cleavage of the silane H–Si bond leads to the gold hydrides [{(C^N–CH)AuC6F5}2(μ-H)]+ (2+) and (C^N–CH)AuH(C6F5) (5), together with spectroscopically detected [Et3Si–OEt2]+. The activation of dihydrogen also involves heterolytic H–H bond cleavage but requires a higher temperature (–20 °C). H2 activation proceeds in two mechanistically distinct steps: the first leading to 2 plus [H(OEt2)2]+, the second to protonation of one of the C^N pyridine ligands and reductive elimination of C6F5H. By comparison, formation of gold hydrides by cleavage of suitably activated C–H bonds is very much more facile; e.g. the reaction of 1·OEt2 with Hantzsch ester is essentially instantaneous and quantitative at –30 °C. This is the first experimental observation of species involved in the initial steps of gold catalyzed hydroboration, hydrosilylation and hydrogenation and the first demonstration of the ability of organic C–H bonds to act as hydride donors towards gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK . ;
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Naples Federico II , Via Cintia , 80126 Naples , Italy .
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry , University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7TJ , UK . ;
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24
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Gregori L, Sorbelli D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Belanzoni P. Alkyne Activation with Gold(III) Complexes: A Quantitative Assessment of the Ligand Effect by Charge-Displacement Analysis. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3115-3129. [PMID: 30775914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative assessment of the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson components of the Au(III)-alkyne bond in a series of cationic and dicationic bis- and monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes with 2-butyne via charge-displacement (CD) analysis is reported. Bonding between Au(III) and 2-butyne invariably shows a dominant σ donation component, a smaller, but significant, π back-donation, and a remarkable polarization of the alkyne CC triple bond toward the metal fragment. A very large net electron charge transfer from CC triple bond to the metal fragment results, which turns out to be unexpectedly insensitive to the charge of the complex and more strictly related to the nature of the ancillary ligand. The combination of σ donation, π back-donation, and polarization effects is in fact modulated by the different ligand frameworks, with ligands bearing atoms different from carbon in trans position with respect to the alkyne emerging as especially interesting for both imparting Au(III)-alkyne bond stability and inducing a more effective alkyne activation. A first attempt to figure out a rationale on the bonding/reactivity relationship for Au(III)-alkyne is made by performing a comparative study in a model nucleophilic attack of water to the alkyne triple bond. Smaller π back-donation facilitates alkyne slippage in the transition states, which is energetically less demanding for Au(III) than for Au(I), and suggests a greater propensity of Au(III) to facilitate the nucleophilic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gregori
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Diego Sorbelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy.,Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
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25
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Mertens RT, Kim JH, Jennings WC, Parkin S, Awuah SG. Revisiting the reactivity of tetrachloroauric acid with N,N-bidentate ligands: structural and spectroscopic insights. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2093-2099. [PMID: 30657507 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with readily accessible bidentate N-donor ligands affords N,N-ligated Au(iii) center complexes. These compounds are useful precursors of stable catalysts, anticancer agents, and building blocks for materials. This report provides detailed insight into intermediates, equilibria, the counter anion effect, and structural variability, using spectroscopy, crystallography and computational tools. Novel mixed-valence Au(i) and Au(iii) complexes [Au(o-phen)Cl2]2[AuCl2][AuCl4] and [Au(o-phen)Cl2][AuCl2] having AuCl2- and AuCl4- anions linearly arranged in the axial sites of the square-planar Au(o-phen)Cl2 cation were discovered. Other competing side products of the reaction studied revealed protonated N,N-bidentate ligands with AuCl4- anions. Quantitative variable temperature NMR studies reveal that for a mixture of target Au(iii) salt and the protonated ligand, the reaction favors the irreversible formation of the side product. Using a rapid (30 min) temperature controlled protocol, the desired coordinated species is accessible in respectable yields while avoiding side products.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tyler Mertens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
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26
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Fernandez-Cestau J, Rama RJ, Rocchigiani L, Bertrand B, Lalinde E, Linnolahti M, Bochmann M. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Au(III)–Ag(I) Aggregates. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2020-2030. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel J. Rama
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, E- 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Benoı̂t Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química − Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Mikko Linnolahti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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27
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Aguilar E, Santamaría J. Gold-catalyzed heterocyclic syntheses through α-imino gold carbene complexes as intermediates. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This review reports a comprehensive compilation of gold-catalyzed heterocyclic synthesis by using α-imino gold carbene complexes as the proposed intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Aguilar
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Javier Santamaría
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Universidad de Oviedo
- Oviedo
- Spain
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28
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Ramsay WJ, Bell NAW, Qing Y, Bayley H. Single-Molecule Observation of the Intermediates in a Catalytic Cycle. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17538-17546. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Ramsay
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A. W. Bell
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Yujia Qing
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Hagan Bayley
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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30
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Yang L, Chen H, Su R, Xu C, Dai B. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Acetylene Hydration Using S-Containing Organic Compounds as Ligands. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Ciancaleoni G, Zacchini S, Zanotti V, Marchetti F. DFT Mechanistic Insights into the Alkyne Insertion Reaction Affording Diiron μ-Vinyliminium Complexes and New Functionalization Pathways. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- CIRCC, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Zanotti
- CIRCC, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
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Blons C, Mallet‐Ladeira S, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. (P,C) Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for the Hydroarylation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11732-11736. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Sonia Mallet‐Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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33
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Blons C, Mallet-Ladeira S, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. (P,C) Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for the Hydroarylation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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34
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Chambrier I, Rocchigiani L, Hughes DL, Budzelaar PMH, Bochmann M. Thermally Stable Gold(III) Alkene and Alkyne Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, and Assessment of the trans-Influence on Gold-Ligand Bond Enthalpies. Chemistry 2018; 24:11467-11474. [PMID: 29846025 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [C^C)Au(OEt2 )2 ]+ with 1,5-cyclooctadiene or norbornadiene affords the corresponding olefin complexes [(C^C)Au(COD)]SbF6 and [(C^C)Au(NBD)]SbF6 , which are thermally stable in solution and the solid state (C^C=4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl-2,2'-diyl). The crystal structures of these complexes have been determined. By contrast, dienones such as dibenzylideneacetone are O- rather than C=C-bonded. The reactions of (C^C)Au(OAcF )(L) (L=PMe3 or CNxyl) with B(C6 F5 )3 in the presence of bis(1-adamantyl)acetylene give the mixed-ligand alkyne complexes [(C^C)Au(AdC≡CAd)(L)]+ , the first complexes of their type in gold chemistry. In the presence of an excess of acetylene these compounds are thermally stable in solution and as solids. The bonding of n- and π-donor ligands to AuIII fragments and the effect of the trans influence exerted by N- and C-donors was explored with the aid of DFT calculations. Results show that the Au-L bond enthalpies trans to anionic C are 35-60 % of the enthalpies trans to N, with strong π-acceptors being particularly affected. In comparison with [Me2 Au]+ , the [(C^C)Au]+ fragment is more polar and in bond enthalpy terms resembles Me2 Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Peter M H Budzelaar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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35
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez-Cestau J, Chambrier I, Hrobárik P, Bochmann M. Unlocking Structural Diversity in Gold(III) Hydrides: Unexpected Interplay of cis/ trans-Influence on Stability, Insertion Chemistry, and NMR Chemical Shifts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8287-8302. [PMID: 29860842 PMCID: PMC6047844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new families of stable or at least spectroscopically observable gold(III) hydride complexes is reported, including anionic cis-hydrido chloride, hydrido aryl, and cis-dihydride complexes. Reactions between (C^C)AuCl(PR3) and LiHBEt3 afford the first examples of gold(III) phosphino hydrides (C^C)AuH(PR3) (R = Me, Ph, p-tolyl; C^C = 4,4'-di- tert-butylbiphenyl-2,2'-diyl). The X-ray structure of (C^C)AuH(PMe3) was determined. LiHBEt3 reacts with (C^C)AuCl(py) to give [(C^C)Au(H)Cl]-, whereas (C^C)AuH(PR3) undergoes phosphine displacement, generating the dihydride [(C^C)AuH2]-. Monohydrido complexes hydroaurate dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate to give Z-vinyls. (C^N^C)Au pincer complexes give the first examples of gold(III) bridging hydrides. Stability, reactivity and bonding characteristics of Au(III)-H complexes crucially depend on the interplay between cis and trans-influence. Remarkably, these new gold(III) hydrides extend the range of observed NMR hydride shifts from δ -8.5 to +7 ppm. Relativistic DFT calculations show that the origin of this wide chemical shift variability as a function of the ligands depends on the different ordering and energy gap between "shielding" Au(dπ)-based orbitals and "deshielding" σ(Au-H)-type MOs, which are mixed to some extent upon inclusion of spin-orbit (SO) coupling. The resulting 1H hydride shifts correlate linearly with the DFT optimized Au-H distances and Au-H bond covalency. The effect of cis ligands follows a nearly inverse ordering to that of trans ligands. This study appears to be the first systematic delineation of cis ligand influence on M-H NMR shifts and provides the experimental evidence for the dramatic change of the 1H hydride shifts, including the sign change, upon mutual cis and trans ligand alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Julio Fernandez-Cestau
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Institut
für Chemie, Technische Universität
Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
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36
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Clarke AK, Lynam JM, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. “Back-to-Front” Indole Synthesis Using Silver(I) Catalysis: Unexpected C-3 Pyrrole Activation Mode Supported by DFT. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee K. Clarke
- University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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37
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Sorbelli D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Belanzoni P. Ligand Effect on Bonding in Gold(III) Carbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6161-6175. [PMID: 29741374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We quantitatively assess the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson (DCD) components of the Au(III)-CO bond and the charge density polarization at the CO, in a series of neutral, cationic, and dicationic bis- and monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes via charge-displacement (CD) analysis. A striking feature concerns the very small net electron charge flux from CO to the metal fragment which is unexpectedly stable toward both the charge of the complex and the oxidation state of gold (I, III). All systems exhibit a similar trend for the σ charge rearrangement in the region of the carbonyl bond, where, by contrast, the π back-donation trend variation is large, which is strictly correlated to the change in CO bond distance and the shift in CO stretching frequencies, in close analogy with the gold(I) carbonyl complexes. In the whole series of gold(III) compounds, a large Au(III) ← CO σ donation is measured (from 0.19 to 0.31 electrons), as well as a significant Au(III) → CO π back-donation (from -0.09 to -0.22 electrons), which however is not generally able to completely balance the polarization of the CO π electrons in the direction from oxygen to carbon (C ← O) induced by the presence of the metal fragment [LAu(III)]0/+1/+2. Surprisingly, all the gold(III) complexes in the series are characterized by a very small anisotropy in the Au(III) → CO in-plane and out-of-plane π back-donation components, in sharp contrast with the marked anisotropy found before for the experimentally characterized [(C^N^C)Au(III)CO]+ complex. A first attempt to figure out a rationale on the bonding/reactivity relationship for Au(III)-CO is made by performing a comparative study with an isostructural [(N^N^C)Pt(II)CO]+ complex in a model water-gas shift (WGS) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , via Elce di Sotto 8 , I-06123 Perugia , Italy
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Serra J, Font P, Sosa Carrizo ED, Mallet-Ladeira S, Massou S, Parella T, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Ribas X, Bourissou D. Cyclometalated gold(iii) complexes: noticeable differences between (N,C) and (P,C) ligands in migratory insertion. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3932-3940. [PMID: 29780525 PMCID: PMC5941201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications.
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications. But so far, very little is known about the factors controlling their reactivity and the very influence of the ancillary ligand. This article reports the first comprehensive study on this topic. The reactivity of a cationic (N,C) gold(iii) complex, namely 1A, towards ethylene has been thoroughly studied and compared with that of the related (P,C) complex 1C. A cationic gold(iii) complex 5A resulting from double insertion of ethylene was selectively obtained. Complex 5A was found to be remarkably stable. It was trapped with chloride and fully characterized. In marked contrast to that observed with 1C, no β-H elimination or linear-to-branched rearrangement of the alkyl chain occurred with 1A. The energy profile for the reactions of 1A with ethylene has been comprehensively investigated computationally, and the influence of the ancillary ligand has been precisely delineated. Because nitrogen is a weaker donor than carbon (and phosphorus), the (N,C) ligand is very electronically dissymmetric, much more than the (P,C) ligand. This makes the two reactive sites at gold quite different, which noticeably influences the competition between migratory insertion and β-H elimination, and actually changes the outcome of the olefin insertion at gold. This study provides valuable insight into the influence of ancillary ligands on gold(iii) reactivity, something critical to further develop Au(iii) and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Stéphane Massou
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN , Facultat de Ciències , Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , Bellaterra E-08193 , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
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Grajeda J, Nova A, Balcells D, Bruch QJ, Wragg DS, Heyn RH, Miller AJM, Tilset M. Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Gold(III) PNP Pincer Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Grajeda
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27516‐3290 Chapel Hill NC USA
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Ainara Nova
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - David Balcells
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27516‐3290 Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - David S. Wragg
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | | | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27516‐3290 Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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40
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Bertrand B, O'Connell MA, Waller ZAE, Bochmann M. A Gold(III) Pincer Ligand Scaffold for the Synthesis of Binuclear and Bioconjugated Complexes: Synthesis and Anticancer Potential. Chemistry 2018; 24:3613-3622. [PMID: 29334159 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated (C^N^C)AuIII complexes bearing functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands provide a high-yielding, modular route to bioconjugated and binuclear complexes. This methodology has been applied to the synthesis of bioconjugated complexes presenting biotin and 17α-ethynylestradiol vectors, as well as to the synthesis of bimetallic AuIII /AuI complexes. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of these compounds against various cancer cells lines depend on the linker length, with the longer linker being the most potent. The estradiol conjugate AuC6 Estra proved to be more toxic against the estrogen receptor positive (ER+) cancer cells than against the ER- cancer cells and non-cancer cells. The bimetallic complex AuC6 Au was more selective for breast cancer cells with respect to a healthy cell standard than the monometallic complex AuNHC. The metal uptake study on cells expressing or not biotin and estrogen receptors revealed an improved and targeted delivery of gold for both the bioconjugated complexes AuC6 Biot and AuC6 Estra compared to the non-vectorised analogue AuNHC. The investigations of the interaction of the bioconjugates and bimetallic complexes with human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA using FRET-melting techniques revealed a reduced ability to stabilize this DNA structure with respect to the non-vectorised analogue AuNHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Zoë A E Waller
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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41
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Currie L, Rocchigiani L, Hughes DL, Bochmann M. Carbon–sulfur bond formation by reductive elimination of gold(iii) thiolates. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6333-6343. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00906f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiols were found to cleave Au–C bonds in (C^N^C)gold(iii) pincer complexes and to induce C–S reductive elimination reactions, to give aryl thioethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Currie
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
| | | | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
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42
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Abstract
Recent achievements in the preparation, characterization and reactivity of gold(iii) complexes of alkenes, alkynes and arenes are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS
- Université Paul Sabatier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA
- UMR 5069)
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09
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43
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Holmsen MSM, Nova A, Hylland K, Wragg DS, Øien-Ødegaard S, Heyn RH, Tilset M. Synthesis of a (N,C,C) Au(iii) pincer complex via Csp3–H bond activation: increasing catalyst robustness by rational catalyst design. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11104-11107. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05489d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a (N,C,C) Au(iii) catalyst via Csp3–H bond activation has been achieved following a rational catalyst design approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ainara Nova
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Knut Hylland
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - David S. Wragg
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | | | | | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences
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44
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Pintus A, Bochmann M. Radical-initiated alkene hydroauration as a route to gold(iii) alkyls: an experimental and computational study. RSC Adv 2018; 8:2795-2803. [PMID: 35541449 PMCID: PMC9077454 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13481a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) hydrides undergo radical-induced insertion reactions with alkenes via gold(ii) intermediates. The success of the reaction depends on the degree of spin delocalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pintus
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
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45
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez‐Cestau J, Agonigi G, Chambrier I, Budzelaar PHM, Bochmann M. Gold(III) Alkyne Complexes: Bonding and Reaction Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13861-13865. [PMID: 28892244 PMCID: PMC5698712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of hitherto hypothetical AuIII π-alkyne complexes is reported. Bonding and stability depend strongly on the trans effect and steric factors. Bonding characteristics shed light on the reasons for the very different stabilities between the classical alkyne complexes of PtII and their drastically more reactive AuIII congeners. Lack of back-bonding facilitates alkyne slippage, which is energetically less costly for gold than for platinum and explains the propensity of gold to facilitate C-C bond formation. Cycloaddition followed by aryl migration and reductive deprotonation is presented as a new reaction sequence in gold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | | | - Gabriele Agonigi
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
| | | | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUK
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