1
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y. Enantioselective Relay Coupling of Perfluoroalkyl and Vinylogous Ketyl Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409566. [PMID: 38865105 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
β-Chiral carboxylic acids and their derivatives are highly valuable structural motifs in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, the introduction of a sterically demanding sidechain to the β-carbon, such as an all-carbon quaternary center, remains a significant challenge in classical polar processes. Recently, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) mediated coupling reactions involving persistent ketyl radicals have emerged as a promising strategy to assemble highly crowded carbon-carbon bonds. Nevertheless, achieving enantioselectivity in these reactions remains highly challenging. In this work, we report our recent progress in controlling enantioselectivity for relay coupling of perfluoroalkyl and persistent vinylogous ketyl radicals. We developed a chiral bifunctional NHC-squaramide catalyst that achieves high facial selectivity in a critical bond-forming event involving the coupling of a congested tertiary carbon radical and vinylogous ketyl radical. Chiral carboxylates bearing an all-carbon quaternary center at the β-position can be prepared in good yield and excellent enantiomeric excess. Results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments indicate that the N,N'-diaryl squaramide motif adopts an unusual syn-syn conformation, enabling hydrogen bonding interactions with the enolate oxygen, thereby rigidifying the overall conformation of the transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Singh VK, Zhu C, De CK, Leutzsch M, Baldinelli L, Mitra R, Bistoni G, List B. Taming secondary benzylic cations in catalytic asymmetric S N1 reactions. Science 2023; 382:325-329. [PMID: 37856595 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj7007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzylic stereogenic centers are ubiquitous in natural products and pharmaceuticals. A potentially general, though challenging, approach toward their selective creation would be asymmetric unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) reactions that proceed through highly reactive benzylic cations. We now report a broadly applicable solution to this problem by identifying chiral counteranions that pair with secondary benzylic cations to engage in catalytic asymmetric C-C, C-O, and C-N bond-forming reactions with excellent enantioselectivity. The critical cationic intermediate can be accessed from different precursors via Lewis- or Brønsted acid catalysis. Key to our strategy is the use of only weakly basic, confined counteranions that are posited to prolong the lifetime of the carbocation, thereby avoiding nonproductive deprotonation pathways to the corresponding styrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar Singh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chandra Kanta De
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Baldinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Raja Mitra
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa-403401, India
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Li E, Tang K, Ren Z, Liao X, Liu Q, Huang Y, Chen J. Enantioselective S N 2 Alkylation of Homoenolates by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303517. [PMID: 37541670 PMCID: PMC10582416 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of the β-carbon of enals with electrophiles is a signature umpolung reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) derived homoenolates. However, only a limited number of electrophiles are shown to be compatible, with most of them being π-electrophiles. In this study, the successful enantioselective β-alkylation of homoenolates is reported using Csp3 electrophiles through an SN 2 strategy. The protocol shows a broad scope regarding alkyl electrophiles, delivering good yields, and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). It enables the installation of drug-like structural motifs in either enals or alkylating agents, demonstrating its potential as a valuable tool for late-stage modification. Furthermore, a concise synthetic route is presented to chiral pyrroloindoline-type skeletons. Preliminary mechanistic studies support a direct SN 2 mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Li
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
| | - Kai Tang
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
| | - Zhuhui Ren
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
| | - Xiaoyun Liao
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
| | - Qianchen Liu
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
- College of PharmacyShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen518118China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR999077China
| | - Jiean Chen
- Pingshan Translational Medicine CenterShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518118China
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4
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Wang Q, Wu S, Zou J, Liang X, Mou C, Zheng P, Chi YR. NHC-catalyzed enantioselective access to β-cyano carboxylic esters via in situ substrate alternation and release. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4878. [PMID: 37573355 PMCID: PMC10423276 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A carbene-catalyzed asymmetric access to chiral β-cyano carboxylic esters is disclosed. The reaction proceeds between β,β-disubstituted enals and aromatic thiols involving enantioselective protonation of enal β-carbon. Two main factors contribute to the success of this reaction. One involves in situ ultrafast addition of the aromatic thiol substrates to the carbon-carbon double bond of the enal substrate. This reaction converts almost all enal substrate to a Thiol-click Intermediate, significantly reducing aromatic thiol substrates concentration and suppressing the homo-coupling reaction of enals. Another factor is an in situ release of enal substrate from the Thiol-click Intermediate for the desired reaction to proceed effectively. The optically enriched β-cyano carboxylic esters from our method can be readily transformed to medicines that include γ-aminobutyric acids derivatives such as Rolipram. In addition to synthetic utilities, our control of reaction outcomes via in situ substrate modulation and release can likely inspire future reaction development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuquan Wu
- Center for Industrial Catalysis and Cleaning Process Development, School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Juan Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xuyang Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chengli Mou
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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5
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Malakar CC, Dell'Amico L, Zhang W. Dual Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: Current Challenges and New Trends. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol Imphal 795004 Manipur India
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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6
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Dong M, Duan XY, Li Y, Liu B, Qi J. Highly enantioselective δ-protonation and formal [3 + 3] annulation promoted by N-heterocyclic carbene. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chiral NHC catalyst reacts with α,β-γ,δ-diunsaturated aldehydes to generate an extended Breslow intermediate. Upon δ-protonation and tautomerization, the resulting α,β-unsaturated acyl azolium undergoes [3 + 3] annulation with enamines to afford various dihydropyridinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
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7
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Liu W, Zhang L, Liao X, Chen J, Huang Y. An NHC-Catalyzed [3+2] Cyclization of β-Disubstituted Enals with Benzoyl Cyanides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9742-9745. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NHC-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclization of benzoyl cyanides to homoenolate generated in-situ from enals was reported. This methodology leads to the efficient construction of a series of chiral cyclic compounds...
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8
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Wu F, Yuan Y, Wu X. Copper‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Trifluoromethylation Carbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Efficient Access to β‐Trifluoromethylated Aliphatic Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu‐Peng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Yang Yuan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Xiao‐Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
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9
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Wu FP, Yuan Y, Wu XF. Copper-Catalyzed 1,2-Trifluoromethylation Carbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Efficient Access to β-Trifluoromethylated Aliphatic Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25787-25792. [PMID: 34622558 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel copper-catalyzed carbonylative trifluoromethylation of unactivated alkenes has been developed. A broad range of β-trifluoromethylated carboxylic acid derivatives were prepared in moderate to excellent yields from simple alkenes with excellent regioselectivity. It is noteworthy that ethylene gas, as the simplest olefin, can also be applied directly to obtain β-trifluoromethylated amides and ester. This transformation presents the first example on carbonylative trifluoromethylation of alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Peng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Yang Yuan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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10
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Yamauchi D, Nakamura I, Nishimura T. Iridium-catalyzed enantioselective addition of an N-methyl C-H bond to α-trifluoromethylstyrenes via C-H activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11787-11790. [PMID: 34676848 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Ir-catalyzed enantioselective addition of an N-methyl C-H bond of 2-(methylamino)pyridine derivatives to α-trifluoromethylstyrenes proceeded via C-H activation to give chiral γ-branched amine derivatives having a trifluoromethyl-substituted stereocenter. It was found that a bulky and electron-withdrawing group at the 3-position of 2-(methylamino)pyridines was necessary for the present C-H addition reaction catalyzed by a cationic iridium/chiral bisphosphine complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yamauchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Ikumi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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11
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Li Z, Huang M, Zhang X, Chen J, Huang Y. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Four-Component Reaction: Chemoselective Cradical-Cradical Relay Coupling Involving the Homoenolate Intermediate. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Meirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiean Chen
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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12
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Liu K, Studer A. Direct α-Acylation of Alkenes via N-Heterocyclic Carbene, Sulfinate, and Photoredox Cooperative Triple Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4903-4909. [PMID: 33760603 PMCID: PMC8033569 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis has emerged as a versatile tool in modern synthetic chemistry. Further increasing the complexity, several processes have been introduced that proceed via dual catalysis, where the NHC organocatalyst operates in concert with a second catalytic moiety, significantly enlarging the reaction scope. In biological transformations, multiple catalysis is generally used to access complex natural products. Guided by that strategy, triple catalysis has been studied recently, where three different catalytic modes are merged in a single process. In this Communication, direct α-C-H acylation of various alkenes with aroyl fluorides using NHC, sulfinate, and photoredox cooperative triple catalysis is reported. The method allows the preparation of α-substituted vinyl ketones in moderate to high yields with excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that these cascades proceed through a sequential radical addition/coupling/elimination process. In contrast to known triple catalysis processes that operate via two sets of interwoven catalysis cycles, in the introduced process, all three cycles are interwoven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Cao J, Zhu SF. Catalytic Enantioselective Proton Transfer Reactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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14
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Xiao X, Shao B, Lu Y, Cao Q, Xia C, Chen F. Recent Advances in Asymmetric Organomulticatalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Bing‐Xuan Shao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Yin‐Jie Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Qian‐Qian Cao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Chun‐Nian Xia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Fen‐Er Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Fudan University Shanghai 200433 People's Republic China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic China
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15
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Link A, Zhou Y, Buchwald SL. CuH-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Amidation of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2020; 22:5666-5670. [PMID: 32628019 PMCID: PMC8027949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The direct enantioselective copper hydride (CuH)-catalyzed synthesis of β-chiral amides from α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and secondary amines under mild reaction conditions is reported. The method utilizes readily accessible carboxylic acids and tolerates a variety of functional groups in the β-position including several heteroarenes. A subsequent iridium-catalyzed reduction to γ-chiral amines can be performed in the same flask without purification of the intermediate amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Link
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yujing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Poutrel P, Ivanova MV, Pannecoucke X, Jubault P, Poisson T. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Formation of C-CF 3 Centers from β-CF 3 -Substituted Acrylates and Acrylonitriles. Chemistry 2019; 25:15262-15266. [PMID: 31517410 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of β-trifluoromethylated esters or nitriles is reported. The use of an in situ formed chiral Cu-H complex allowed the enantioselective reduction of β-trifluoromethylated acrylates or acrylonitriles. The reaction proceeds smoothly affording the corresponding enantioenriched products in good to excellent yields and outstanding enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee). The mechanism of the reaction was studied, and a plausible reaction pathway was suggested accordingly. Finally, the versatility of the products was highlighted through functional group manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Poutrel
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Maria V Ivanova
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ., INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000, Rouen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, France
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17
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Wang L, Jiang X, Chen J, Huang Y. Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Hydrofluorination of Enals by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsKey Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking UniversityShenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xinhang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsKey Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking UniversityShenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jiean Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsKey Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking UniversityShenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsKey Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking UniversityShenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
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18
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Wang L, Jiang X, Chen J, Huang Y. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Hydrofluorination of Enals by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7410-7414. [PMID: 30942950 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to well-established asymmetric hydrogenation reactions, enantioselective protonation is an orthogonal approach for creating highly valuable methine chiral centers under redox-neutral conditions. Reported here is the highly enantio- and diastereoselective hydrofluorination of enals by an asymmetric β-protonation/α-fluorination cascade catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The two nucleophilic sites of a homoenolate intermediate, generated from enals and an NHC, are sequentially protonated and fluorinated. The results show that controlling the relative rates of protonation, fluorination, and esterification is crucial for this transformation, and can be accomplished using a dual shuttling strategy. Structurally diverse carboxylic acid derivatives with two contiguous chiral centers are prepared in a single step with excellent d.r. and ee values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinhang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiean Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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