1
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Gao Y, Li Y, Yan W, Zhang K, Cai L. Photoinduced Deconstructive Alkylation Approach Enabled by Oxy-Radicals from Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14436-14446. [PMID: 39270043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols are the most commercially abundant, synthetically versatile and operationally convenient functional groups in organic chemistry. Therefore, a strategy that utilizes hydroxy-containing compounds to develop novel bond disconnection and formation process would achieve molecular diversity. Herein, a deconstructive strategy for the generation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives has been developed from alcohol precursors via oxy-radical-induced β-fragmentation. Additionally, 1,5-HAT and deoxygenation by P(III) along with oxy-radical were demonstrated as alternative pathways for this transformation. Furthermore, with the deep-seated reorganization of a few terpenes carbon framework, a unique activity with inhibition against the growth of pathogenic fungi was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Gao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass Based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass Based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenxuan Yan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass Based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass Based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lingchao Cai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass Based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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2
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Shen HC, Li JJ, Wang P, Yu JQ. meta-C-H functionalization of phenylethyl and benzylic alcohol derivatives via Pd/NBE relay catalysis. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03802a. [PMID: 39268204 PMCID: PMC11388095 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed meta-C-H functionalization of alcohols and their hydroxylamine derivatives remains underdeveloped. Herein, we report an efficient meta-C-H arylation of both phenylethyl and benzylic alcohols and their hydroxylamine derivatives using a readily removable oxime ether directing group. Using electronically activated 2-carbomethoxynorbornene as the transient mediator and 3-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridone as the enabling ligand, this reaction features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. More importantly, with this oxime-directed meta-C-H functionalization, this method provides a dual approach for efficient access to both meta-substituted alcohols and hydroxylamines using two sets of simple deprotection conditions. This protocol leads to the efficient synthesis of bioactive compounds possessing promising reactivities for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 P. R. China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry, and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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3
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Huo T, Zhao X, Cheng Z, Wei J, Zhu M, Dou X, Jiao N. Late-stage modification of bioactive compounds: Improving druggability through efficient molecular editing. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1030-1076. [PMID: 38487004 PMCID: PMC10935128 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic chemistry plays an indispensable role in drug discovery, contributing to hit compounds identification, lead compounds optimization, candidate drugs preparation, and so on. As Nobel Prize laureate James Black emphasized, "the most fruitful basis for the discovery of a new drug is to start with an old drug"1. Late-stage modification or functionalization of drugs, natural products and bioactive compounds have garnered significant interest due to its ability to introduce diverse elements into bioactive compounds promptly. Such modifications alter the chemical space and physiochemical properties of these compounds, ultimately influencing their potency and druggability. To enrich a toolbox of chemical modification methods for drug discovery, this review focuses on the incorporation of halogen, oxygen, and nitrogen-the ubiquitous elements in pharmacophore components of the marketed drugs-through late-stage modification in recent two decades, and discusses the state and challenges faced in these fields. We also emphasize that increasing cooperation between chemists and pharmacists may be conducive to the rapid discovery of new activities of the functionalized molecules. Ultimately, we hope this review would serve as a valuable resource, facilitating the application of late-stage modification in the construction of novel molecules and inspiring innovative concepts for designing and building new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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4
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Yin F, Chen Y, Luo Z, Li S, Zhang Y, Wan S, Li X, Kong L, Wang X. Regioselective Olefination and Arylation of Arene-Tethered Diols Using the Easily Foldable Directing Groups. Org Lett 2024; 26:1463-1467. [PMID: 38349252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Arene-tethered diols constitute a valuable class of structural motifs of drug and bioactive natural product molecules. In this study, a regioselective protocol for olefination and arylation of arene-tethered 1,2-diols and 1,3-diols has been developed using easily foldable acetal structures for attaching pyridine and nitrile directing groups. The method overcomes the steric hindrance effect of the short-chain diols and affords products in high yield and regioselectivity. This efficient cascaded catalysis has been successfully utilized in the syntheses of natural products such as peucedanol, decursinol, and marmesin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Yin
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Li
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Wan
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Li
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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5
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Feng Q, Liu CX, Wang Q, Zhu J. Palladium-Based Dyotropic Rearrangement Enables A Triple Functionalization of Gem-Disubstituted Alkenes: An Unusual Fluorolactonization Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316393. [PMID: 37986261 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
We report in this paper a Pd(II)-catalyzed migratory gem-fluorolactonization of ene-carboxylic acids. Reaction of 4-methylenealkanoic acid derivatives with Selectfluor in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 (1.0 mol %) at room temperature affords fluorolactones in good to excellent yields. 2-(2-Methylenecycloalkanyl)acetic acids are transformed to bridged fluorolactones under identical conditions. One C-C, one C-O and one tertiary C-F bond were generated along the gem-disubstituted carbon-carbon double bond in this operationally simple transformation. Trapping experiments indicates that the reaction is initiated by a 5-exo-trig oxypalladation followed by Pd oxidation, regioselective ring-enlarging 1,2-alkyl/Pd(IV) dyotropic rearrangement and C-F bond forming reductive elimination cascade. Post-transformations of these fluorolactones taking advantage of the electrophilicity of the 1-fluoroalkylcarboxylate function are also documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 304 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chen-Xu Liu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 304 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 304 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 304 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Chen L, Luo ZF, Ye P, Mao YJ, Xu ZY, Xu DQ, Lou SJ. Z-Selective access to α-trifluoromethyl arylenes through Pd-catalysed fluoroarylation of 1,1-difluoroallenes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8979-8983. [PMID: 37934046 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01574b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of stereo-defined α-trifluoromethyl arylenes is of great importance in medical chemistry, organic chemistry, and materials science. However, despite the recent advances, the Z-selective formation of α-trifluoromethyl arylenes has remained underdeveloped. Here, we describe a facile approach towards Z-α-trifluoromethyl arylenes through Pd-catalysed stereoselective fluoroarylation of 1,1-difluoroallenes in the presence of a bulky monophosphine ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Ze-Feng Luo
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Ye
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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7
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Tang J, Lu F, Sun Y, Zhang G, Zhang E, Jiang YY. Late-Stage Diversification of Peptides via Pd-Catalyzed Site-Selective δ-C(sp 2)-H Fluorination and Amination. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14165-14171. [PMID: 37751495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Site-selective C-H fluorination is an attractive strategy for directly transforming inert C-H bonds into C-F bonds, yet it remains a significant challenge. Herein, we have developed an efficient and versatile strategy for site-selective fluorination and amination of phenylalanine-containing peptides via late-stage Pd-catalyzed δ-C(sp2)-H activation, providing a valuable tool for the in situ synthesis of fluorinated indoline scaffolds within peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fengjie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Ensheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Ye Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
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8
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Fan CW, Li MS, Song XX, Luo L, Jiang JC, Luo JZ, Wang HS. Discovery of novel 2-oximino-2-indolylacetamide derivatives as potent anticancer agents capable of inducing cell autophagy and ferroptosis. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 80:117176. [PMID: 36709571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2-oximino-2-indolylacetamide derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antitumour effects. Among them, 4d exhibited the most potent antiproliferative effect in vitro on the tested human cancer cells. Additionally, 4d significantly induced cell apoptosis, caused mitochondrial dysfunction, promoted Bax, cleaved-PARP and p53 expression and inhibited Bcl-2 expression in 5-8F cells. Moreover, 4d remarkably promoted autophagosome formation, leading to cell apoptosis. Further investigation indicated that 4d could trigger cell death through cell ferroptosis, including increased ROS generation and lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) expression and glutathione (GSH) levels. More importantly, 4d induced 5-8F cell death by activating ROS/MAPK and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and STAT3 signalling pathways. Interestingly, 4d significantly suppressed tumour growth in a 5-8F cell xenograft model without obvious toxicity to mice. Overall, these results demonstrate that 4d may be a potential compound for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Wen Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Scientific Experiment Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Mei-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xi-Xi Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Li Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jing-Chen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jia-Zi Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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9
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Xue Y, Zhou RB, Luo J, Hu BC, Liu ZQ, Jiang C. Palladium-catalyzed C(sp 3)-H nitrooxylation of masked alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 21:75-79. [PMID: 36448655 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed β-C(sp3)-H nitrooxylation of aliphatic alcohols with AgNO2 is reported. An 8-formylquinoline-derived oxime is installed as an exo-type directing group for sp3 C-H activation and selectfluor acts as the oxidant. The reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups and shows good selectivity for β-C-H nitrooxylation of alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Ruo-Bing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Bing-Cheng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Zhong-Quan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
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10
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Yin F, Chen Y, Luo Z, Li S, Kong L, Wang X. Aryl Halides as Halogenation Reagents in the Bromination and Iodination of Arene-Tethered Diols. Org Lett 2022; 24:6510-6514. [PMID: 36052998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic halides constitute a valuable class of building blocks that are commonly used in organic synthesis. In this study, we demonstrate usage of aryl bromides and aryl iodides in C-Br or C-I bond formation. Methyl 2-bromobenzoate and 2-nitrophenyl iodides were developed as mild and effective bromination and iodination reagents for functionalization of arene-tethered diols. This efficient cascaded catalysis can be applied to the total syntheses of natural product Mafaicheenamine A and Claulamine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Yin
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Li
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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11
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Planas O, Peciukenas V, Leutzsch M, Nöthling N, Pantazis DA, Cornella J. Mechanism of the Aryl-F Bond-Forming Step from Bi(V) Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14489-14504. [PMID: 35921250 PMCID: PMC9394462 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe a combined experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigation of the C(sp2)-F bond formation from neutral and cationic high-valent organobismuth(V) fluorides, featuring a dianionic bis-aryl sulfoximine ligand. An exhaustive assessment of the substitution pattern in the ligand, the sulfoximine, and the reactive aryl on neutral triarylbismuth(V) difluorides revealed that formation of dimeric structures in solution promotes facile Ar-F bond formation. Noteworthy, theoretical modeling of reductive elimination from neutral bismuth(V) difluorides agrees with the experimentally determined kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Moreover, the addition of external fluoride sources leads to inactive octahedral anionic Bi(V) trifluoride salts, which decelerate reductive elimination. On the other hand, a parallel analysis for cationic bismuthonium fluorides revealed the crucial role of tetrafluoroborate anion as fluoride source. Both experimental and theoretical analyses conclude that C-F bond formation occurs through a low-energy five-membered transition-state pathway, where the F anion is delivered to a C(sp2) center, from a BF4 anion, reminiscent of the Balz-Schiemann reaction. The knowledge gathered throughout the investigation permitted a rational assessment of the key parameters of several ligands, identifying the simple sulfone-based ligand family as an improved system for the stoichiometric and catalytic fluorination of arylboronic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Vytautas Peciukenas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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12
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Wu FW, Mao YJ, Pu J, Li HL, Ye P, Xu ZY, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Ni-catalysed deamidative fluorination of amides with electrophilic fluorinating reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4091-4095. [PMID: 35522070 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00519k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a Ni-catalysed deamidative fluorination of diverse amides with electrophilic fluorinating reagents. Different types of amides including aromatic amides and olefinic amides were well compatible, affording the corresponding acyl fluorides in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Wei Wu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Pu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Huan-Le Li
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Ye
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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13
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Babu SA, Aggarwal Y, Patel P, Tomar R. Diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed functionalization of prochiral C(sp 3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2612-2633. [PMID: 35113087 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlight the reported developments of the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation and functionalization of the inactive/unreactive prochiral C(sp3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. There exist numerous classical methods for generating contiguous stereogenic centers in a compound with a high degree of stereocontrol. Along similar lines, the Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided functionalization of inactive prochiral/diastereotopic C(sp3)-H bonds have been exploited to accomplish the stereoselective construction of stereo-arrays in organic compounds. We present a concise discussion on how specific strategies consisting of Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided C(sp3)-H functionalization have been utilized to generate two or more stereogenic centers in aliphatic and alicyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Yashika Aggarwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Pooja Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Radha Tomar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
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14
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Liu B, Romine AM, Rubel CZ, Engle KM, Shi BF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14957-15074. [PMID: 34714620 PMCID: PMC8968411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)-H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as the use of these directing groups has allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such as the requirement for high temperatures, the difficulty in removing or converting directing groups, and, although many metals provide some reactivity, the difficulty in employing metals outside of palladium. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of nonactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by covering the literature since 2004 in order to demonstrate the current state-of-the-art methods as well as the current limitations. For clarity, this review has been divided into nine sections by the transition metal catalyst with subdivisions by the type of bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Andrew M. Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
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15
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Sahoo SR, Dutta S, Al-Thabaiti SA, Mokhtar M, Maiti D. Transition metal catalyzed C-H bond activation by exo-metallacycle intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11885-11903. [PMID: 34693418 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05042g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
exo-Metallacycles have become the key reaction intermediates in activating various remote C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bonds in the past decade and aided in achieving unusual site-selectivity. Various novel exo-chelating auxiliaries have assisted metals to reach desired remote C-H bonds of different alcohol and amine-derived substrates. As a result, a wide range of organic transformations of C-H bonds like halogenation, acetoxylation, amidation, sulfonylation, olefination, acylation, arylation, etc. were accessible using the exo-metallacycle strategy. In this review, we have summarized the developments in C-H bond activation via four-, five-, six-, seven- and eight-membered exo-metallacycles and the key reaction intermediates, including the mechanistic aspects, are discussed concisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Subhabrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shaeel A Al-Thabaiti
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
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16
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17
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Hao HY, Lou SJ, Wang S, Zhou K, Wu QZ, Mao YJ, Xu ZY, Xu DQ. Pd-catalysed β-selective C(sp 3)-H arylation of simple amides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8055-8058. [PMID: 34291778 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02261j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient Pd-catalysed β-C(sp3)-H arylation of diverse native amides with aryl iodides was developed. This protocol overcomes the necessity of the Thorpe-Ingold effect and features broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. The potential application of this protocol is collectively demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and the synthesis of several bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Hao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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18
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Wu Q, Mao YJ, Zhou K, Wang S, Chen L, Xu ZY, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Pd-Catalysed direct C(sp 2)-H fluorination of aromatic ketones: concise access to anacetrapib. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4544-4547. [PMID: 33956008 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Pd-cataylsed direct ortho-C(sp2)-H fluorination of aromatic ketones has been developed for the first time. The reaction features good regioselectivity and simple operations, constituting an alternative shortcut to access fluorinated ketones. A concise synthesis of anacetrapib has also been achieved by using late-stage C-H fluorination as a key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzi Wu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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19
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Wu QZ, Mao YJ, Zhou K, Hao HY, Chen L, Wang S, Xu ZY, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Regioselective C(sp 3)-H fluorination of ketones: from methyl to the monofluoromethyl group. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:765-768. [PMID: 33355557 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel strategy to access CH2F-containing ketones through Pd-catalysed β-selective methyl C(sp3)-H fluorination. The reaction features high regioselectivity and a broad substrate scope, constituting a modular method for the late-stage transformation of the native methyl (CH3) into the monofluoromethyl (CH2F) group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Zi Wu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Yan Hao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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20
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Mingo MM, Rodríguez N, Arrayás RG, Carretero JC. Remote C(sp 3)–H functionalization via catalytic cyclometallation: beyond five-membered ring metallacycle intermediates. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite impressive recent momentum gained in C(sp3)–H activation, achieving high regioselectivity in molecules containing different C–H bonds with similar high energy without abusing tailored substitution remains as one of the biggest challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Martínez Mingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Ramón Gómez Arrayás
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Juan C. Carretero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
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21
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Gou Q, Yuan B, Ran M, Ren J, Zhang MZ, Tan X, Yuan T, Zhang X. C(sp 3)-H Monoarylation of Methanol Enabled by a Bidentate Auxiliary. Org Lett 2020; 23:118-123. [PMID: 33351637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the assistance of a practical directing group (COAQ), the first catalytic protocol for the palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)-H monoarylation of methanol has been developed, offering an invaluable synthesis means to establish extensive derivatives of crucial arylmethanol functional fragments. Furthermore, the gram-scale reaction, broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and even the practical synthesis of medicines further demonstrate the usefulness of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Binfang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Man Ran
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Jian Ren
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Ming-Zhong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
| | - Tengrui Yuan
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100 China
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22
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Zhu Y, Chen F, Cheng D, Chen Y, Zhao X, Wei W, Lu Y, Zhao J. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Alkenyl C-H Functionalization to Dienes and Allenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:8786-8790. [PMID: 33147030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An oxyacetamide-directed Rh(III)-catalyzed Z-type alkenyl C-H functionalization through a rare exo-rhodacyle intermediate is described, forming multisubstituted dienes and allenes. A variety of alkenes and propargylic carbonate coupling partners are suitable for this transformation with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by the selective late-stage modification of the Z-type natural products as well as the synthesis of the unnatural β-amino acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Donghui Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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23
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Gogula T, Zhang J, Lonka MR, Zhang S, Zou H. Temperature-modulated selective C(sp 3)-H or C(sp 2)-H arylation through palladium catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11461-11467. [PMID: 34094389 PMCID: PMC8162910 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed C–H bond functionalisations have been extensively developed in organic and medicinal chemistry. Among these catalytic approaches, the selective activation of C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H bonds is particularly appealing for its remarkable synthetic versatility, yet it remains highly challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the first example of temperature-dependent selective C–H functionalisation of unactivated C(sp3)–H or C(sp2)–H bonds at remote positions through palladium catalysis using 7-pyridyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine as a new directing group. At 120 °C, C(sp3)–H arylation was triggered by the chelation of a rare [6,5]-fused palladacycle, whereas at 140 °C, C(sp2)–H arylation proceeded instead through the formation of a 16-membered tetramer containing four 7-pyridyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine–palladium chelation units. The subsequent mechanistic study revealed that both C–H activations shared a common 6-membered palladacycle intermediate, which was then directly transformed to either the [6,5]-fused palladacycle for C(sp3)–H activation at 120 °C or the tetramer for C(sp2)–H arylation at 140 °C with catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2 and AcOH. Raising the temperature from 120 °C to 140 °C can also convert the [6,5]-fused palladacycle to the tetramer with the above-mentioned catalysts, hence completing the C(sp2)–H arylation ultimately. Unprecedented 16-membered tetramer or [6,5]-fused palladacycle, mutually shadowboxing-like transformed from the shared common intermediate, accomplishes the Pd-catalysed temperature-dependent selective arylation of C(sp2)–H or C(sp3)–H.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirupathi Gogula
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. China
| | - Madhava Reddy Lonka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. China
| | - Shuaizhong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 P. R. China
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24
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Xiong X, Mao YJ, Hao HY, He YT, Xu ZY, Luo G, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Nitrate promoted mild and versatile Pd-catalysed C(sp 2)-H oxidation with carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6732-6737. [PMID: 32832956 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01124j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitrate-promoted Pd-catalysed mild cross-dehydrogenative C(sp2)-H bond oxidation of oximes or azobenzenes with diverse carboxylic acids has been developed. In contrast to the previous catalytic systems, this protocol features mild conditions (close to room temperature for most cases) and a broad substrate scope (up to 64 examples), thus constituting a versatile method to directly prepare diverse O-aryl esters. Moreover, the superiority of the nitrate additive in this mild transformation was further determined by experimental and computational evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xiong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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25
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Whitehurst WG, Gaunt MJ. Synthesis and Reactivity of Stable Alkyl-Pd(IV) Complexes Relevant to Monodentate N-Directed C(sp 3)-H Functionalization Processes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14169-14177. [PMID: 32697079 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl-Pd(IV) complexes are frequently invoked in the proposed mechanisms of Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization reactions, though few examples of Pd(IV) complexes containing cyclopalladated substrates have been isolated due to the instability of the high-valent Pd(IV) center. Herein, we report the synthesis of stable and isolable OCO pincer-supported alkyl-Pd(IV) complexes containing cyclopalladated alkylamine and oxime frameworks, which represent the first examples of alkyl-Pd(IV) complexes derived from the oxidation of cyclopalladated monodentate N-donor substrates. The aminoalkyl-Pd(IV) complexes reacted efficiently with O- and N-nucleophiles to afford γ-functionalized alkylamine products. A mechanistic study of the nucleophile-mediated reductive elimination was conducted using an oxime-derived Pd(IV) complex, which revealed the intermediacy of a previously unexplored anionic Pd(IV) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Whitehurst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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26
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Chen YQ, Singh S, Wu Y, Wang Z, Hao W, Verma P, Qiao JX, Sunoj RB, Yu JQ. Pd-Catalyzed γ-C(sp 3)-H Fluorination of Free Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9966-9974. [PMID: 32363869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first example of free amine γ-C(sp3)-H fluorination is realized using 2-hydroxynicotinaldehyde as the transient directing group. A wide range of cyclohexyl and linear aliphatic amines could be fluorinated selectively at the γ-methyl and methylene positions. Electron withdrawing 3,5-disubstituted pyridone ligands were identified to facilitate this reaction. Computational studies suggest that the turnover determining step is likely the oxidative addition step for methylene fluorination, while it is likely the C-H activation step for methyl fluorination. The explicit participation of Ag results in a lower energetic span for methylene fluorination and a higher energetic span for methyl fluorination, which is consistent with the experimental observation that the addition of silver salt is desirable for methylene but not for methyl fluorination. Kinetic studies on methyl fluorination suggest that the substrate and PdL are involved in the rate-determining step, indicating that the C-H activation step may be partially rate-determining. Importantly, an energetically preferred pathway has identified an interesting pyridone-assisted bimetallic transition state for the oxidative addition step in methylene fluorination, thus uncovering a potential new role of the pyridone ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sukriti Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Yongwei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pritha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jennifer X Qiao
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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27
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Xia G, Zhuang Z, Liu LY, Schreiber SL, Melillo B, Yu JQ. Ligand-Enabled β-Methylene C(sp 3 )-H Arylation of Masked Aliphatic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7783-7787. [PMID: 32050036 PMCID: PMC7219561 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances, reactivity and site-selectivity remain significant obstacles for the practical application of C(sp3 )-H bond functionalization methods. Here, we describe a system that combines a salicylic-aldehyde-derived L,X-type directing group with an electron-deficient 2-pyridone ligand to enable the β-methylene C(sp3 )-H arylation of aliphatic alcohols, which has not been possible previously. Notably, this protocol is compatible with heterocycles embedded in both alcohol substrates and aryl coupling partners. A site- and stereo-specific annulation of dihydrocholesterol and the synthesis of a key intermediate of englitazone illustrate the practicality of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Luo-Yan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Bruno Melillo
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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28
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Xia G, Zhuang Z, Liu L, Schreiber SL, Melillo B, Yu J. Ligand‐Enabled β‐Methylene C(sp
3
)−H Arylation of Masked Aliphatic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Xia
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Luo‐Yan Liu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program Broad Institute Cambridge MA 02142 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Bruno Melillo
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program Broad Institute Cambridge MA 02142 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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29
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Hao HY, Mao YJ, Xu ZY, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Selective Cross-Dehydrogenative C(sp 3)-H Arylation with Arenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2396-2402. [PMID: 32124610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Selective C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond construction is of central interest in chemical synthesis. Despite the success of classic cross-coupling reactions, the cross-dehydrogenative coupling between inert C(sp3)-H and C(sp2)-H bonds represents an attractive alternative toward new C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds. Herein, we establish a selective inter- and intramolecular C(sp3)-H arylation of alcohols with nondirected arenes that thereby provides a general pathway to access a wide range of β-arylated alcohols, including tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ols and benzopyran-3-ols, with high to excellent chemo- and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Hao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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30
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Pinter EN, Bingham JE, AbuSalim DI, Cook SP. N-Directed fluorination of unactivated Csp 3-H bonds. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1102-1106. [PMID: 34084366 PMCID: PMC8146735 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Site-selective fluorination of aliphatic C-H bonds remains synthetically challenging. While directed C-H fluorination represents the most promising approach, the limited work conducted to date has enabled just a few functional groups as the arbiters of direction. Leveraging insights gained from both computations and experimentation, we enabled the use of the ubiquitous amine functional group as a handle for the directed C-H fluorination of Csp3-H bonds. By converting primary amines to adamantoyl-based fluoroamides, site-selective C-H fluorination proceeds under the influence of a simple iron catalyst in 20 minutes. Computational studies revealed a unique reaction coordinate for the catalytic process and offer an explanation for the high site selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Pinter
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
| | - Jenna E Bingham
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
| | - Deyaa I AbuSalim
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
| | - Silas P Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405-7102 USA
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31
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Wang C, Yu Y, Liu WL, Duan WL. Site-Tunable Csp3–H Bonds Functionalization by Visible-Light-Induced Radical Translocation of N-Alkoxyphthalimides. Org Lett 2019; 21:9147-9152. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yangyang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Wen-Long Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Wei-Liang Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, China
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32
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Tang C, Okumura M, Deng H, Sarlah D. Palladium‐Catalyzed Dearomative
syn
‐1,4‐Oxyamination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Tang
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Mikiko Okumura
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Hejun Deng
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
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33
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Tang C, Okumura M, Deng H, Sarlah D. Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomative syn-1,4-Oxyamination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15762-15766. [PMID: 31482682 PMCID: PMC6803049 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed dearomative syn-1,4-oxyamination protocol using non-activated arenes has been developed. This one-pot procedure utilizes arenophile chemistry, and the corresponding para-cycloadducts are treated with oxygen nucleophiles via formal allylic substitution, providing direct access to syn-1,4-oxyaminated products. The reaction conditions permit a range of arenes, as well as different O-nucleophiles, such as oximes and benzyl alcohols. Moreover, this process was established in an asymmetric fashion, delivering products with high enantioselectivity. The dearomatized products are amenable to a multitude of further derivatizations ranging from olefin chemistry to C-H activation, giving rise to a diverse set of new functionalities. Overall, this dearomative functionalization offers rapid and controlled formation of molecular complexity, enabling straightforward access to functionalized small molecules from simple and readily available arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Tang
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mikiko Okumura
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hejun Deng
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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34
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Li X, Shi X, Li X, Shi D. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine-containing groups. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2213-2270. [PMID: 31598178 PMCID: PMC6774084 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorine chemistry plays an increasingly important role in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and materials industries. The incorporation of fluorine-containing groups into organic molecules can improve their chemical and physical properties, which attracts continuous interest in organic synthesis. Among various reported methods, transition-metal-catalyzed fluorination/fluoroalkylation has emerged as a powerful method for the construction of these compounds. This review attempts to describe the major advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethylthio, and trifluoromethoxy groups reported between 2011 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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35
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Tanaka K, Ewing WR, Yu JQ. Hemilabile Benzyl Ether Enables γ-C(sp 3)-H Carbonylation and Olefination of Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15494-15497. [PMID: 31519108 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H activation of alcohol typically shows β-selectivity due to the required distance between the chelating atom in the attached directing group and the targeted C-H bonds. Herein we report the design of a hemilabile directing group which exploits the chelation of a readily removable benzyl ether moiety to direct γ- or δ-C-H carbonylation and olefination of alcohols. The utility of this approach is also demonstrated in the late-stage C-H functionalization of β-estradiol to rapidly prepare desired analogues that required multi-step syntheses with classical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - William R Ewing
- Discovery Chemistry , Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 4000, Princeton , New Jersey 08543 , United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
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36
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Gou BB, Liu HF, Chen J, Zhou L. Palladium-Catalyzed Site-Selective C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Phenylacetaldehydes. Org Lett 2019; 21:7084-7088. [PMID: 31461298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe a Pd-catalyzed selective C-H arylation reaction of phenylacetaldehydes using l-valine as the transient directing group. This process showed a broad substrate scope and excellent selectivity in which a ligand-controlled functionalization of the unactivated β-C(sp3)-H bond. In addition, enantioselective arylation of phenylacetaldehydes was preliminarily explored by utilizing a bulky chiral transient directing group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Gou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Hang-Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P.R. China
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37
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Szpera R, Moseley DFJ, Smith LB, Sterling AJ, Gouverneur V. Fluorierung von C‐H‐Bindungen: Entwicklungen und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szpera
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA Großbritannien
| | - Daniel F. J. Moseley
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA Großbritannien
| | - Lewis B. Smith
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA Großbritannien
| | - Alistair J. Sterling
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA Großbritannien
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA Großbritannien
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38
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Szpera R, Moseley DFJ, Smith LB, Sterling AJ, Gouverneur V. The Fluorination of C-H Bonds: Developments and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14824-14848. [PMID: 30759327 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This Review summarizes advances in fluorination by C(sp2 )-H and C(sp3 )-H activation. Transition-metal-catalyzed approaches championed by palladium have allowed the installation of a fluorine substituent at C(sp2 ) and C(sp3 ) sites, exploiting the reactivity of high-oxidation-state transition-metal fluoride complexes combined with the use of directing groups (some transient) to control site and stereoselectivity. The large majority of known methods employ electrophilic fluorination reagents, but methods combining a nucleophilic fluoride source with an oxidant have appeared. External ligands have proven to be effective for C(sp3 )-H fluorination directed by weakly coordinating auxiliaries, thereby enabling control over reactivity. Methods relying on the formation of radical intermediates are complementary to transition-metal-catalyzed processes as they allow for undirected C(sp3 )-H fluorination. To date, radical C-H fluorinations mainly employ electrophilic N-F fluorination reagents but a unique MnIII -catalyzed oxidative C-H fluorination using fluoride has been developed. Overall, the field of late-stage nucleophilic C-H fluorination has progressed much more slowly, a state of play explaining why C-H 18 F-fluorination is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szpera
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Daniel F J Moseley
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Lewis B Smith
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Alistair J Sterling
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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39
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Meucci EA, Ariafard A, Canty AJ, Kampf JW, Sanford MS. Aryl-Fluoride Bond-Forming Reductive Elimination from Nickel(IV) Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13261-13267. [PMID: 31408327 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of pyridine- and pyrazole-ligated NiII σ-aryl complexes with Selectfluor results in C(sp2)-F bond formation under mild conditions. With appropriate design of supporting ligands, diamagnetic NiIV σ-aryl fluoride intermediates can be detected spectroscopically and/or isolated during these transformations. These studies demonstrate for the first time that NiIV σ-aryl fluoride complexes participate in challenging C(sp2)-F bond-forming reductive elimination to yield aryl fluoride products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Meucci
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 N. University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Tasmania 7001 , Australia
| | - Allan J Canty
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Tasmania 7001 , Australia
| | - Jeff W Kampf
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 N. University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 N. University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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40
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Xu T, Wang D, Tong X. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Acetoxylative (3 + 2) Annulation of Propargylic Alcohol and Alkene: Polycyclic Oxa-heterocycle Synthesis and Mechanistic Insight. Org Lett 2019; 21:5368-5372. [PMID: 31247755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A Pd(II)-catalyzed intramolecular and highly selective acetxoylative (3 + 2) annulation of propargylic alcohol and alkene is reported. Mechanistically, a hydroxy-guided regioselective alkyne acetoxypalladation is followed by 6-exo-trig alkene insertion to form an alkyl-Pd(II) intermediate. After oxidation, the resulting cyclometalated alkoxy-Pd(IV)-alkyl undergoes direct reductive elimination to afford a polycyclic oxa-heterocycle. When an additional coordinating site or ligand accessible by palladium is present, an SN2-type C-C reductive elimination of alkyl-Pd(IV) instead occurs along with hydroxy acetylation, affording 3-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-5-one products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University , 1 Gehu Road , Changzhou 213164 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University , 1 Gehu Road , Changzhou 213164 , China
| | - Xiaofeng Tong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University , 1 Gehu Road , Changzhou 213164 , China
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41
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Torres-Ochoa RO, Leclair A, Wang Q, Zhu J. Iron-Catalysed Remote C(sp 3 )-H Azidation of O-Acyl Oximes and N-Acyloxy Imidates Enabled by 1,5-Hydrogen Atom Transfer of Iminyl and Imidate Radicals: Synthesis of γ-Azido Ketones and β-Azido Alcohols. Chemistry 2019; 25:9477-9484. [PMID: 30968981 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of a catalytic amount of iron(III) acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3 ], the reaction of structurally diverse ketoxime esters with trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3 ) afforded γ-azido ketones in good to excellent yields. This unprecedented distal γ-C(sp3 )-H bond azidation reaction went through a sequence of reductive generation of an iminyl radical, 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) and iron-mediated redox azido transfer to the translocated carbon radical. TMSN3 served not only as a nitrogen source to functionalise the unactivated C(sp3 )-H bond, but also as a reductant to generate the catalytically active FeII species in situ. Based on the same principle, a novel β-C(sp3 )-H functionalisation of alcohols via N-acyloxy imidates was subsequently realised, leading, after hydrolysis of the resulting ester, to β-azido alcohols, which are important building blocks in organic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén O Torres-Ochoa
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Leclair
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Hu ZY, Zhang Y, Li XC, Zi J, Guo XX. Pd-Catalyzed Intramolecular Chemoselective C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H Activation of N-Alkyl- N-arylanthranilic Acids. Org Lett 2019; 21:989-992. [PMID: 30694685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A controllable palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C-H activation of N-alkyl- N-arylanthranilic acids has been developed. The methodology allows selective synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-(4 H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones and carbazoles from the same starting materials and palladium catalyst. The selectivity is controlled by the oxidant. Silver oxide promotes C(sp3)-H activation/C-O cyclization to provide 1,2-dihydro-(4 H)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones, while copper acetate contributes to C(sp2)-H activation/decarboxylative arylation to afford carbazoles. This protocol is demonstrated by its wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Yao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Xin-Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Jing Zi
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Xun-Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
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43
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Mao YJ, Luo G, Hao HY, Xu ZY, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Anion ligand promoted selective C–F bond reductive elimination enables C(sp2)–H fluorination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14458-14461. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07726j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A detailed mechanism study on the anion ligand promoted selective C–H bond fluorination is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Jie Mao
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
| | - Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Hao
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
| | - Zhen-Yuan Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
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Mao YJ, Wang BX, Wu QZ, Zhou K, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Pd-Catalyzed para-selective C–H difluoromethylation of aromatic carbonyls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2019-2022. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09129c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel Pd-catalyzed para-selective C–H bond difluoromethylation of diverse aromatic carbonyls was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Jie Mao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Bing-Xin Wang
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Zi Wu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- P. R. China
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45
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Wang BX, Mao YJ, Hao HY, Wu QZ, Zhou K, Lou SJ, Xu DQ. Pd-catalysed selective C(sp 3)-H arylation and acetoxylation of alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7049-7052. [PMID: 31143893 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02911g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed selective C(sp3)-H arylation and acetoxylation of alcohols using a practical bidentate auxiliary were developed. Masked alcohols were selectively arylated at the β-position with diverse aryl iodides for the first time. Moreover, an efficient and site-selective acetoxylation of various primary methyl, methylene, and benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds was performed by using cheap K2S2O8 as the external oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Xin Wang
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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