1
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Caliskanyürek V, Riabchunova A, Kupfer S, Ma F, Wang JW, Karnahl M. Exploring the Potential of Al(III) Photosensitizers for Energy Transfer Reactions. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:15829-15840. [PMID: 39132844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Three homoleptic Al(III) complexes (Al1-Al3) with different degrees of methylation at the 2-pyridylpyrrolide ligand were systematically tested for their function as photosensitizers (PS) in two types of energy transfer reactions. First, in the generation of reactive singlet oxygen (1O2), and second, in the isomerization of (E)- to (Z)-stilbene. 1O2 was directly evidenced by its characteristic NIR emission at around 1276 nm and indirectly by the reaction with an organic substrate [e.g. 2,5-diphenylfuran (DPF)] using in situ UV/vis spectroscopy. In a previous study, the presence of additional methyl groups was found to be beneficial for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO, but here Al1 without any methyl groups exhibits superior performance. To rationalize this behavior, a combination of photophysical experiments (absorption, emission and excited state lifetimes) together with photostability measurements and scalar-relativistic time-dependent density functional theory calculations was applied. As a result, Al1 exhibited the highest emission quantum yield (64%), the longest emission lifetime (8.7 ns) and the best photostability under the reaction conditions required for the energy transfer reactions (e.g. in aerated chloroform). Moreover, Al1 provided the highest rate constant (0.043 min-1) for the photocatalytic oxygenation of DPF, outperforming even noble metal-based competitors such as [Ru(bpy)3]2+. Finally, its superior photostability enabled a long-term test (7 h), in which Al1 was successfully recycled seven times, underlining the high potential of this new class of earth-abundant PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Caliskanyürek
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Riabchunova
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Fan Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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2
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Gasparetto M, Fődi B, Sipos G. Negishi-coupling-enabled synthesis of α-heteroaryl-α-amino acid building blocks for DNA-encoded chemical library applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1922-1932. [PMID: 39135657 PMCID: PMC11318629 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are vital motifs in the domain of biochemistry, serving as the foundational unit for peptides and proteins, while also holding a crucial function in many biological processes. Due to their bifunctional character, they have been also used for combinatorial chemistry purposes, such as the preparation of DNA-encoded chemical libraries. We developed a practical synthesis for α-heteroaryl-α-amino acids starting from an array of small heteroaromatic halides. The reaction sequence utilizes a photochemically enhanced Negishi cross-coupling as a key step, followed by oximation and reduction. The prepared amino esters were validated for on-DNA reactivity via a reverse amidation-hydrolysis-reverse amidation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Gasparetto
- X-Chem Zrt., Záhony u. 7, DA Building, Graphisoft Park, Budapest, 1031, Hungary
| | - Balázs Fődi
- X-Chem Zrt., Záhony u. 7, DA Building, Graphisoft Park, Budapest, 1031, Hungary
| | - Gellért Sipos
- X-Chem Zrt., Záhony u. 7, DA Building, Graphisoft Park, Budapest, 1031, Hungary
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3
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Alcázar J, Anderson EA, Davies HML, Febrian R, Kelly CB, Noël T, Voight EA, Zarate C, Zysman-Colman E. Better Together: Catalyzing Innovation in Organic Synthesis via Academic-Industrial Consortia. Org Lett 2024; 26:2677-2681. [PMID: 38284620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alcázar
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Janssen-Cilag, S. A., Jarama 75 A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Rio Febrian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Christopher B Kelly
- Discovery Process Research, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A Voight
- Discovery Research, AbbVie, Inc., 1 N Waukegan Rd, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Cayetana Zarate
- Chemical Process R&D, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Janssen-Cilag AG, Hochstrasse 201, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, KY16 9ST St Andrews, U.K
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4
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Sarkar S, Cheung KPS, Gevorgyan V. Recent Advances in Visible Light Induced Palladium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311972. [PMID: 37957126 PMCID: PMC10922525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Visible light-induced Pd catalysis has emerged as a promising subfield of photocatalysis. The hybrid nature of Pd radical species has enabled a wide array of radical-based transformations otherwise challenging or unknown via conventional Pd chemistry. In parallel to the ongoing pursuit of alternative, readily available radical precursors, notable discoveries have demonstrated that photoexcitation can alter not only oxidative addition but also other elementary steps. This Minireview highlights the recent progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumon Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (USA)
| | - Kelvin Pak Shing Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (USA)
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (USA)
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5
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Waddell PM, Tian L, Scavuzzo AR, Venigalla L, Scholes GD, Carrow BP. Visible light-induced palladium-carbon bond weakening in catalytically relevant T-shaped complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14217-14228. [PMID: 38098701 PMCID: PMC10717500 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02588h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering one-electron redox processes during palladium catalysis holds the potential to unlock new reaction mechanisms and synthetic methods not previously accessible in the typical two-electron reaction manifolds that dominate palladium catalysis. We report that T-shaped organopalladium(ii) complexes coordinated by a bulky monophosphine, a class of organometallic intermediate featured in a range of contemporary catalytic reactions, undergo blue light-promoted bond weakening leading to mild and efficient homolytic cleavage of strong Pd(ii)-C(sp3) bonds under ambient conditions. The origin of light-triggered radical formation in these systems, which lack an obvious ligand-based chromophore (i.e., π-systems), was investigated using a combination of DFT calculations, photoactinometry, and transient absorption spectroscopy. The available data suggest T-shaped organopalladium(ii) complexes manifest unusual blue light-accessible Pd-to-C(sp3) transition. The quantum efficiency and excited state lifetime of this process were unexpectedly superior compared to a prototypical (α-diimine)Pd(ii) complex featuring a low-lying, ligand-centered LUMO (π*). These results suggest coordinatively-unsaturated organopalladium(ii) compounds, catalysts in myriad catalytic processes, have untapped potential for one-electron reactivity under visible light excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Waddell
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | | | - Lalu Venigalla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - Brad P Carrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
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6
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Abdiaj I, Cañellas S, Dieguez A, Linares ML, Pijper B, Fontana A, Rodriguez R, Trabanco A, Palao E, Alcázar J. End-to-End Automated Synthesis of C(sp 3)-Enriched Drug-like Molecules via Negishi Coupling and Novel, Automated Liquid-Liquid Extraction. J Med Chem 2023; 66:716-732. [PMID: 36520521 PMCID: PMC9841985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an end-to-end process including synthesis, work-up, purification, and post-purification with minimal human intervention using Negishi coupling as a key transformation to increase Fsp3 in bioactive molecules. The main advantages of this protocol are twofold. First, the automated sequential generation of organozinc reagents from readily available alkyl halides offers a large diversity of alkyl groups to functionalize (hetero)aryl halide scaffolds via Pd-catalyzed Negishi coupling in continuous flow. Second, a fully automated liquid-liquid extraction has been developed and successfully applied for unattended operations. The workflow was completed with mass-triggered preparative high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC, providing an efficient production line of compounds with enriched sp3 character and better drug-like properties. The modular nature allows a smooth adaptation to a wide variety of synthetic methods and protocols and makes it applicable to any medchem laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Abdiaj
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Santiago Cañellas
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Alejandro Dieguez
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria Lourdes Linares
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Brenda Pijper
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Alberto Fontana
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodriguez
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Andres Trabanco
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Palao
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
| | - Jesus Alcázar
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research
and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/ Jarama 75, E-45007Toledo, Spain
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7
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Organometallic catalysis under visible light activation: benefits and preliminary rationales. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:585-606. [PMID: 35218553 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic catalysis under visible light activation is an emerging field. Activation by photosensitization or by direct light absorption of organometallic complexes can facilitate or trigger elementary steps in a catalytic cycle such as pre-catalyst reduction, oxidative addition, transmetalation and reductive elimination, as well as the ability of generating radical intermediates, widening the structural diversity offered by classical couplings. This perspective aims to highlight key examples of these light-induced or enhanced processes, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms involved.
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8
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Abstract
In recent years, visible light-induced transition metal catalysis has emerged as a new paradigm in organic photocatalysis, which has led to the discovery of unprecedented transformations as well as the improvement of known reactions. In this subfield of photocatalysis, a transition metal complex serves a double duty by harvesting photon energy and then enabling bond forming/breaking events mostly via a single catalytic cycle, thus contrasting the established dual photocatalysis in which an exogenous photosensitizer is employed. In addition, this approach often synergistically combines catalyst-substrate interaction with photoinduced process, a feature that is uncommon in conventional photoredox chemistry. This Review describes the early development and recent advances of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Pak Shing Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Sumon Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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9
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Bashal AH, Riyadh SM, Alharbi W, Alharbi KH, Farghaly TA, Khalil KD. Bio-Based (Chitosan-ZnO) Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Use as Recyclable, Ecofriendly Biocatalyst for Synthesis of Thiazoles Tethered Azo Groups. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030386. [PMID: 35160376 PMCID: PMC8840260 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanotechnology has become a considerable research interest in the area of preparation of nanocatalysts based on naturally occurring polysaccharides. Chitosan (CS), as a naturally occurring biodegradable and biocompatible polysaccharide, is successfully utilized as an ideal template for the immobilization of metal oxide nanoparticles. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles have been doped within a chitosan matrix at dissimilar weight percentages (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt.% CS/ZnO) and have been fabricated by using a simple solution casting method. The prepared solutions of the nanocomposites were cast in a Petri-dish and were subsequently shaped as a thin film. After that, the structural features of the nanocomposite film have been studied by measuring the FTIR, SEM, and XRD analytical tools. FTIR spectra showed the presence of some changes in the major characteristic peaks of chitosan due to interaction with ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, SEM graphs exhibited dramatic morphology changes on the chitosan surface, which is attributed to the surface adsorption of ZnO molecules. Based on the results of the investigated organic catalytic reactions, the prepared CS/ZnO nanocomposite film (20 wt.%) could be a viable an effective, recyclable, and heterogeneous base catalyst in the synthesis of thiazoles. The results showed that the nanocomposite film is chemically stable and can be collected and reused in the investigated catalytic reactions more than three times without loss of its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. Bashal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawrah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.B.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Sayed M. Riyadh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawrah 30002, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.B.); (S.M.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Walaa Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Khadijah H. Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Khaled D. Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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10
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Ishikawa T, Murata M, Masai H, Iwai T, Terao J. Irradiation with UV Light Accelerates the Migita–Kosugi–Stille Coupling Reaction in Air. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Mako Murata
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwai
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
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11
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Cheng F, Chen T, Huang YQ, Li JW, Zhou C, Xiao X, Chen FE. Copper-Catalyzed Ullmann-Type Coupling and Decarboxylation Cascade of Arylhalides with Malonates to Access α-Aryl Esters. Org Lett 2021; 24:115-120. [PMID: 34932360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a high-efficiency and practical Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling to directly construct versatile α-aryl-esters by utilizing readily available aryl bromides (or chlorides) and malonates. These gram-scale approaches occur with turnovers of up to 1560 and are smoothly conducted by the usage of a low catalyst loading, a new available ligand, and a green solvent. A variety of functional groups are tolerated, and the application occurs with α-aryl-esters to access nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cheng
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Qiu Huang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.,Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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12
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Liu M, Liu L, Zhang Z, Wan M, Guo H, Li D. An Active Catalyst System Based on Pd (0) and a Phosphine-Based Bulky Ligand for the Synthesis of Thiophene-Containing Conjugated Polymers. Front Chem 2021; 9:743091. [PMID: 34557476 PMCID: PMC8452923 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.743091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the limitations of conventional Pd catalysts in the polymerization of thiophene-containing conjugated polymers, an active catalyst system based on Pd (0) and a phosphine-based bulky ligand, L1, is explored systematically in Suzuki–Miyaura polymerizations using thiophene boronic acid pinacol ester as one of the monomers. This active catalyst is found very efficient in synthesizing a series of thiophene-containing linear and hyperbranched conjugated polymers. First, as a model example, coupling reactions between electron-rich/moderately hindered aryl or thienyl halides and thiophene boronic acid pinacol ester give excellent yields with lower catalyst loading and can be completed in a shorter reaction time relative to Pd(PPh3)4. Notably, high molecular weight thiophene-containing polymers are successfully synthesized by Suzuki–Miyaura polycondensation of 2,5-thiophene bis(boronic acid) derivatives with different dibromo- and triple bromo-substituted aromatics in 5–15 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Continuing Education, Weifang Nursing Vocational College, Weifang, China
| | - Meixiu Wan
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanmei Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China
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13
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Candish L, Collins KD, Cook GC, Douglas JJ, Gómez-Suárez A, Jolit A, Keess S. Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2907-2980. [PMID: 34558888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in the life science industry require access to mild and robust synthetic methodologies to systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel chemical space, and enable efficient synthesis. In this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for the synthesis of complex and often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims to summarize the published contributions to the field from the life science industry, including research from industrial-academic partnerships. An overview of the synthetic methodologies developed and strategic applications in chemical synthesis, including peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, and both DNA-encoded and traditional library synthesis, is provided, along with a summary of the state-of-the-art in photoreactor technology and the effective upscaling of photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Candish
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl D Collins
- Bayer Foundation, Public Affairs, Science and Sustainability, Bayer AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anais Jolit
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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14
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Jiang H, Cheng H, Zang C, Tan J, Sun B, Bian F. Photocatalytic aldehydes/alcohols/toluenes oxidative amidation over bifunctional Pd/MOFs: Effect of Fe-O clusters and Lewis acid sites. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Despite recent advancements in the selective generation and coupling of organic radical species, the alkoxycarbonyl radical remains underexplored relative to other carbon-containing radical species. Drawing inspiration from new strategies for generating acyl radical equivalents utilizing dual N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis and photocatalysis, we have prepared dimethylimidazolium esters that can function as an alkoxycarbonyl radical surrogate under photocatalytic conditions. We demonstrate the synthetic utility of these azolium-based partners through the preparation of esters arising from the coupling of this radical surrogate with an oxidatively generated alkyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
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16
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Hu Z, Wei XJ, Handelmann J, Seitz AK, Rodstein I, Gessner VH, Gooßen LJ. Coupling of Reformatsky Reagents with Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Ylide-Functionalized Phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6778-6783. [PMID: 33427381 PMCID: PMC7986804 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of aryl chlorides with Reformatsky reagents is a desirable strategy for the construction of α‐aryl esters but has so far been substantially limited in the substrate scope due to many challenges posed by various possible side reactions. This limitation has now been overcome by the tailoring of ylide‐functionalized phosphines to fit the requirements of Negishi couplings. Record‐setting activities were achieved in palladium‐catalyzed arylations of organozinc reagents with aryl electrophiles using a cyclohexyl‐YPhos ligand bearing an ortho‐tolyl‐substituent in the backbone. This highly electron‐rich, bulky ligand enables the use of aryl chlorides in room temperature couplings of Reformatsky reagents. The reaction scope covers diversely functionalized arylacetic and arylpropionic acid derivatives. Aryl bromides and chlorides can be converted selectively over triflate electrophiles, which permits consecutive coupling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Xiao-Jing Wei
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jens Handelmann
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Seitz
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ilja Rodstein
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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17
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Deciphering the dichotomy exerted by Zn(ii) in the catalytic sp2 C–O bond functionalization of aryl esters at the molecular level. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-00560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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18
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Hu Z, Wei X, Handelmann J, Seitz A, Rodstein I, Gessner VH, Gooßen LJ. Kupplung von Reformatsky‐Reagenzien und Arylchloriden ermöglicht durch Ylid‐funktionalisierte Phosphanliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Xiao‐Jing Wei
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Jens Handelmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Ann‐Katrin Seitz
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Ilja Rodstein
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
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19
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Neyt NC, Riley DL. Application of reactor engineering concepts in continuous flow chemistry: a review. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of flow technology for the manufacture of chemical entities, and in particular pharmaceuticals, has seen rapid growth over the past two decades with the technology now blurring the lines between chemistry and chemical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Neyt
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pretoria
- South Africa
| | - Darren L. Riley
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pretoria
- South Africa
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20
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Bellotti P, Koy M, Gutheil C, Heuvel S, Glorius F. Three-component three-bond forming cascade via palladium photoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1810-1817. [PMID: 34163944 PMCID: PMC8179282 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05551d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly modular radical cascade strategy based upon radical cyclisation/allylic substitution sequence between alkyl/aryl bromides, 1,3-dienes and nucleophiles ranging from sulfinates to amines, phenols and 1,3-dicarbonyls is described (>80 examples). Palladium phosphine complexes - which merge properties of photo- and cross coupling-catalysts - allow to forge three bonds with complete 1,4-selectivity and stereocontrol, delivering highly value added carbocyclic and heterocyclic motifs that can feature - inter alia - vicinal quaternary centers, free protic groups, gem-difluoro motifs and strained rings. Furthermore, a flow chemistry approach was for the first time applied in palladium-photocatalysed endeavors involving radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Maximilian Koy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Christian Gutheil
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Steffen Heuvel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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21
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Koóš P, Markovič M, Lopatka P, Gracza T. Recent Applications of Continuous Flow in Homogeneous Palladium Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Considerable advances have been made using continuous flow chemistry as an enabling tool in organic synthesis. Consequently, the number of articles reporting continuous flow methods has increased significantly in recent years. This review covers the progress achieved in homogeneous palladium catalysis using continuous flow conditions over the last five years, including C–C/C–N cross-coupling reactions, carbonylations and reductive/oxidative transformations.1 Introduction2 C–C Cross-Coupling Reactions3 C–N Coupling Reactions4 Carbonylation Reactions5 Miscellaneous Reactions6 Key to Schematic Symbols7 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Koóš
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology
- Georganics Ltd
| | - Martin Markovič
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology
- Georganics Ltd
| | | | - Tibor Gracza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology
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22
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Rosenthal M, Lindner JKN, Gerstmann U, Meier A, Schmidt WG, Wilhelm R. A photoredox catalysed Heck reaction via hole transfer from a Ru(ii)-bis(terpyridine) complex to graphene oxide. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42930-42937. [PMID: 35514879 PMCID: PMC9058128 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08749a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The attachment of homoleptic Ru bis-terpy complexes on graphene oxide significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of the complexes. These straightforward complexes were applied as photocatalysts in a Heck reaction. Due to covalent functionalization on graphene oxide, which functions as an electron reservoir, excellent yields were obtained. DFT investigations of the charge redistribution revealed efficient hole transfer from the excited Ru unit towards the graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Paderborn Warburgerstr. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Jörg K N Lindner
- Department Physics, Experimental Physics, University of Paderborn Warburgerstr. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Uwe Gerstmann
- Department of Physics, Theoretical Physics, University of Paderborn Warburgerstr. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Armin Meier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology Leibnizstr. 6 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - W Gero Schmidt
- Department of Physics, Theoretical Physics, University of Paderborn Warburgerstr. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - René Wilhelm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology Leibnizstr. 6 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
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23
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Flow chemistry as a tool to access novel chemical space for drug discovery. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:1547-1563. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective scrutinizes flow chemistry as a useful tool for medicinal chemists to expand the current chemical capabilities in drug discovery. This technology has demonstrated his value not only for the traditional reactions used in Pharma for the last 20 years, but also for bringing back to the lab underused chemistries to access novel chemical space. The combination with other technologies, such as photochemistry and electrochemistry, is opening new avenues for reactivity that will smoothen the access to complex molecules. The introduction of all these technologies in automated platforms will improve the productivity of medicinal chemistry labs reducing the cycle times to get novel and differentiated bioactive molecules, accelerating discovery cycle times.
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24
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Palao E, López E, Torres-Moya I, de la Hoz A, Díaz-Ortiz Á, Alcázar J. Formation of quaternary carbons through cobalt-catalyzed C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Negishi cross-coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8210-8213. [PMID: 32555891 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Formation of all-carbon-substituted quaternary carbons is a key challenge in organic and medicinal chemistry. We report a cobalt-catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-coupling that allows for the introduction of benzyl, heteroarylmethylzinc and allyl groups to halo-carbonyl substrates. The cross-coupling reaction is selective for C(sp3)-over C(sp2)-halides, in contrast to most used catalytic metals, and allows access to novel scaffolds of pharmaceutical interest. NMR mechanistic studies suggest the presence of Co(0) complexes as catalytic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Palao
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, Toledo, Spain.
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25
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Cheng WM, Shang R. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Organic Reactions under Visible Light: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Min Cheng
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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26
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Gao Y, Yang C, Bai S, Liu X, Wu Q, Wang J, Jiang C, Qi X. Visible-Light-Induced Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling with Alkylzirconocenes from Unactivated Alkenes. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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28
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Wei XJ, Abdiaj I, Sambiagio C, Li C, Zysman-Colman E, Alcázar J, Noël T. Visible-Light-Promoted Iron-Catalyzed C(sp 2 )-C(sp 3 ) Kumada Cross-Coupling in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13030-13034. [PMID: 31210010 PMCID: PMC6771604 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A continuous‐flow, visible‐light‐promoted method has been developed to overcome the limitations of iron‐catalyzed Kumada–Corriu cross‐coupling reactions. A variety of strongly electron rich aryl chlorides, previously hardly reactive, could be efficiently coupled with aliphatic Grignard reagents at room temperature in high yields and within a few minutes’ residence time, considerably enhancing the applicability of this iron‐catalyzed reaction. The robustness of this protocol was demonstrated on a multigram scale, thus providing the potential for future pharmaceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Irini Abdiaj
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Jannsen-Cilag, S.A., Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - Carlo Sambiagio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Chenfei Li
- Organic Semiconductor Center, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Center, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Jesús Alcázar
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Jannsen-Cilag, S.A., Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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29
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Wei X, Abdiaj I, Sambiagio C, Li C, Zysman‐Colman E, Alcázar J, Noël T. Visible‐Light‐Promoted Iron‐Catalyzed C(sp
2
)–C(sp
3
) Kumada Cross‐Coupling in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Jing Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Den Dolech 2 5612 AZ Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Irini Abdiaj
- Discovery Sciences Janssen Research and Development Jannsen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A 45007 Toledo Spain
| | - Carlo Sambiagio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Den Dolech 2 5612 AZ Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Chenfei Li
- Organic Semiconductor Center EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Center EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Jesús Alcázar
- Discovery Sciences Janssen Research and Development Jannsen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A 45007 Toledo Spain
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Micro Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology Eindhoven University of Technology Den Dolech 2 5612 AZ Eindhoven The Netherlands
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30
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Kandasamy M, Huang YH, Ganesan B, Senadi GC, Lin WY. In Situ Generation of Alkynylzinc and Its Subsequent Negishi Reaction in a Flow Reactor. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Kandasamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yu- Hsuan Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Balaji Ganesan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology; SRM Institute of Science and Technology; 603203 Kattankulathur Chennai India
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
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31
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Chuentragool P, Kurandina D, Gevorgyan V. Catalysis with Palladium Complexes Photoexcited by Visible Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11586-11598. [PMID: 30600875 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Palladium catalysis induced by visible light is an emerging field of catalysis. In contrast to classical reactions catalyzed by Pd complexes in the ground state, which mostly proceed through two-electron redox processes, the mechanisms of these new methods based on photoexcited Pd complexes usually operate through transfer of a single electron. Such processes lead to putative hybrid Pd/radical species, which exhibit both radical and classical Pd-type reactivity. This Minireview highlights the recent progress in this rapidly growing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padon Chuentragool
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Daria Kurandina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
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32
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Chuentragool P, Kurandina D, Gevorgyan V. Katalyse mit durch sichtbares Licht angeregten Palladiumkomplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padon Chuentragool
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago Illinois 60607-7061 USA
| | - Daria Kurandina
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago Illinois 60607-7061 USA
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 West Taylor Street Chicago Illinois 60607-7061 USA
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