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Li W, Wu R, Ruan H, Xiao B, Gao X, Jiang H, Chen K, Sun TY, Zhu S. Axial Ligand Enables Synthesis of Allenylsilane through Dirhodium(II) Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409332. [PMID: 38887822 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Described herein is a dirhodium(II)-catalyzed silylation of propargyl esters with hydrosilanes, using tertiary amines as axial ligands. By adopting this strategy, a range of versatile and useful allenylsilanes can be achieved with good yields. This reaction not only represents a SN2'-type silylation of the propargyl derivatives bearing a terminal alkyne moiety to synthesize allenylsilanes from simple hydrosilanes, but also represents a new application of dirhodium(II) complexes in catalytic transformation of carbon-carbon triple bond. The highly functionalized allenylsilanes that are produced can be transformed into a series of synthetically useful organic molecules. In this reaction, an intriguing ON-OFF effect of the amine ligand was observed. The reaction almost did not occur (OFF) without addition of Lewis base amine ligand. However, the reaction took place smoothly (ON) after addition of only catalytic amount of amine ligand. Detailed mechanistic studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the reactivity can be delicately improved by the use of tertiary amine. The fine-tuning effect of the tertiary amine is crucial in the formation of the Rh-Si species via a concerted metalation deprotonation (CMD) mechanism and facilitating β-oxygen elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hao Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Key Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Sun
- Key Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, P. R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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2
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Xing D, Liu J, Cai D, Huang B, Jiang H, Huang L. Cobalt-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of alkynyl sulfides with unactivated chlorosilanes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4502. [PMID: 38802390 PMCID: PMC11130142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a highly efficient cobalt-catalyzed cross-electrophile alkynylation of a broad range of unactivated chlorosilanes with alkynyl sulfides as a stable and practical alkynyl electrophiles. Strategically, employing easily synthesized alkynyl sulfides as alkynyl precursors allows access to various alkynylsilanes in good to excellent yields. Notably, this method avoids the utilization of strong bases, noble metal catalysts, high temperature and forcing reaction conditions, thus presenting apparent advantages, such as broad substrate scope (72 examples, up to 97% yield), high Csp-S chemo-selectivity and excellent functional group compatibility (Ar-X, X = Cl, Br, I, OTf, OTs). Moreover, the utilities of this method are also illustrated by downstream transformations and late-stage modification of structurally complex natural products and pharmaceuticals. Mechanistic studies elucidated that the cobalt catalyst initially reacted with alkynyl sulfides, and the activation of chlorosilanes occurred via an SN2 process instead of a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingxin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangbin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Thorwart T, Greb L. Reversible C-H bond silylation with a neutral silicon Lewis acid. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11237-11242. [PMID: 37860638 PMCID: PMC10583699 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03488g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The silicon-carbon bond is a valuable linchpin for synthetic transformations. However, installing Si-C functionalities requires metalated C-nucleophiles, activated silicon reagents (silylium ions, silyl radicals, and silyl anions), or transition metal catalysis, and it occurs irreversibly. In contrast, spontaneous C-H silylations with neutral silanes leading to anionic silicates, and their reversible deconstruction, are elusive. Herein, the CH-bond silylation of heterocycles or a terminal alkyne is achieved by reaction with bis(perfluoro(N-phenyl-ortho-amidophenolato))silane and 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine. Computational and experimental insights reveal a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) mechanism. Adding a silaphilic donor to the ammonium silicate products induces the reformation of the C-H bond, thus complementing previously known irreversible C-H bond silylation protocols. Interestingly, the FLP "activated" N-methylpyrrole exhibits "deactivated" features against electrophiles, while a catalytic functionalization is found to be effective only in the absence of a base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaddäus Thorwart
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 Heidelberg 69120 Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 Heidelberg 69120 Germany
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4
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Ríos P, Rodríguez A, Conejero S. Activation of Si-H and B-H bonds by Lewis acidic transition metals and p-block elements: same, but different. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7392-7418. [PMID: 35872827 PMCID: PMC9241980 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02324e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Perspective we discuss the ability of transition metal complexes to activate and cleave the Si-H and B-H bonds of hydrosilanes and hydroboranes (tri- and tetra-coordinated) in an electrophilic manner, avoiding the need for the metal centre to undergo two-electron processes (oxidative addition/reductive elimination). A formal polarization of E-H bonds (E = Si, B) upon their coordination to the metal centre to form σ-EH complexes (with coordination modes η1 or η2) favors this type of bond activation that can lead to reactivities involving the formation of transient silylium and borenium/boronium cations similar to those proposed in silylation and borylation processes catalysed by boron and aluminium Lewis acids. We compare the reactivity of transition metal complexes and boron/aluminium Lewis acids through a series of catalytic reactions in which pieces of evidence suggest mechanisms involving electrophilic reaction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Amor Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
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5
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Dahiya A, Schoenebeck F. Direct C-H Dehydrogenative Germylation of Terminal Alkynes with Hydrogermanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:2728-2732. [PMID: 35364815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A direct C(sp)-H germylation of terminal alkynes with triethyl germanium hydride is reported. The method is operationally simple and makes use of B(C6F5)3 catalysis in combination with 2,6-lutidine as an organic base. Exclusive selectivity for dehydrogenative germylation of the alkyne over the competing hydrogermylation is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Dahiya
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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7
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Rhodium hydride enabled enantioselective intermolecular C–H silylation to access acyclic stereogenic Si–H. Nat Commun 2022; 13:847. [PMID: 35165278 PMCID: PMC8844420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tremendous success of stereogenic carbon compounds has never ceased to inspire researchers to explore the potentials of stereogenic silicon compounds. Intermolecular C–H silylation thus represents the most versatile and straightforward strategy to construct C–Si bonds, however, its enantioselective variant has been scarcely reported to date. Herein we report a protocol that allows for the enantioselective intermolecular C–H bond silylation, leading to the construction of a wide array of acyclic stereogenic Si–H compounds under simple and mild reaction conditions. Key to the success is (1) a substrate design that prevents the self-reaction of prochiral silane and (2) the employment of a more reactive rhodium hydride ([Rh]-H) catalyst as opposed to the commonly used rhodium chloride ([Rh]-Cl) catalyst. This work unveils opportunities in converting simple arenes into value-added stereogenic silicon compounds. Construction of chiral organosilicon compounds could have implications in photophysical, biological, and chemical fields, as silicon is isoelectronic with carbon, and can mimic carbon atoms while providing slightly different properties. Here the authors present an intermolecular, enantioselective C–H silylation of heterocycles via rhodium catalysis.
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8
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Stachowiak H, Kuciński K, Kallmeier F, Kempe R, Hreczycho G. Cobalt-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative C-H Silylation of Alkynylsilanes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103629. [PMID: 34634167 PMCID: PMC9299208 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report that a cobalt catalyst permits the general synthesis of substituted alkynylsilanes through dehydrogenative coupling of alkynylsilanes and hydrosilanes. Several silylated alkynes, including di- and trisubstituted ones, were prepared in a one-step procedure. Thirty-seven compounds were synthesized for the first time by applying our catalyst system. The alkynylsilanes bearing hydrosilyl moieties provide an opportunity for further functionalization (e. g., hydrosilylation). The use of primary silanes as substrates and precatalyst activators permits the use of inexpensive and easily accessible 3d metal precatalysts, and avoids the presence of additional activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Stachowiak
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Silicon CompoundsFaculty of ChemistryAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 861-614PoznańPoland
| | - Krzysztof Kuciński
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Silicon CompoundsFaculty of ChemistryAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 861-614PoznańPoland
| | - Fabian Kallmeier
- Inorganic Chemistry II–Catalyst DesignSustainable Chemistry CentreUniversity of Bayreuth95440BayreuthGermany
| | - Rhett Kempe
- Inorganic Chemistry II–Catalyst DesignSustainable Chemistry CentreUniversity of Bayreuth95440BayreuthGermany
| | - Grzegorz Hreczycho
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Silicon CompoundsFaculty of ChemistryAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 861-614PoznańPoland
- Centre for Advanced TechnologiesAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 1061-614PoznańPoland
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9
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Yan T, Li Y, Huang G, Ni S, Dang L. Reaction Mechanism Study on Reactions of Phenylacetylenes with HSnEt3 Promoted by B(C6F5)3 with/without DABCO. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There are great variety of transformations for phenylacetylenes. Most efforts have been focused on the dehydrogenative coupling, although nucleophilic addition is often observed as the side reaction. The selectivity of...
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10
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Wang Q, Ding L, Liu YX, Niu K. Photochemical alknylation of hydrosilanes by iron catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10679-10682. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04056e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkynylsilanes is one kind of essential synthetic block in organic chemistry. The established synthetic routes remain some drawbacks regarding to harsh reaction conditions or expensive/rare metal catalyst. Herein, we report...
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11
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Liu R, Liu X, Cheng T, Chen Y. Organocalcium Complex‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Hydrosilanes with Terminal Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Liu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry Ministry of Education Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Tanyu Cheng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry Ministry of Education Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University 100 Guilin Road Shanghai 200234 P.R. China
| | - Yaofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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12
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Yuan W, Huang J, Xu X, Wang L, Tang XY. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex-Mediated Aerobic Sulfenylation of Indoles under Visible-Light Conditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:7139-7143. [PMID: 34449237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An efficient B(C6F5)3-catalyzed aerobic oxidative C-S cross-coupling reaction of thiophenol with indoles was developed, affording a wide range of diaryl sulfides in good yields. An electron donor-acceptor complex between B(C6F5)3 and indoles was formed, facilitating the photoinduced single-electron transfer (SET) from indole substrates to the B(C6F5)3 catalyst. This protocol demonstrates a new reaction model using B(C6F5)3 as a single-electron oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei430074, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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13
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Kawatsu T, Kataoka S, Fukaya N, Choi JC, Sato K, Matsumoto K. Fluoride Ion-Initiated Decarboxylation of Silyl Alkynoates to Alkynylsilanes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12853-12857. [PMID: 34056436 PMCID: PMC8154224 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This communication describes the development of a metal-free catalytic decarboxylation of silyl alkynoates to alkynylsilanes. Treatment of a silyl alkynoate with a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium difluorotriphenylsilicate (TBAT) in N,N-dimethylformamide at 150 °C resulted in decarboxylation to give the corresponding alkynylsilane in good to excellent yield (75 → 95%). The TBAT system was applicable to the decarboxylation of sterically demanding silyl alkynoates such as tert-butyldiphenylsilyl 3-phenylpropiolate. Mechanistic studies revealed that the tetrabutylammonium alkynoate derived from TBAT and the silyl alkynoate act as a catalyst for the decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kawatsu
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sho Kataoka
- Research
Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Norihisa Fukaya
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun-Chul Choi
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsumoto
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
(AIST), Tsukuba Central
5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
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14
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Liu Q, Yang L, Yao C, Geng J, Wu Y, Hu X. Controlling the Lewis Acidity and Polymerizing Effectively Prevent Frustrated Lewis Pairs from Deactivation in the Hydrogenation of Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2021; 23:3685-3690. [PMID: 33877853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two strategies were reported to prevent the deactivation of Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) in the hydrogenation of terminal alkynes: reducing the Lewis acidity and polymerizing the Lewis acid. A polymeric Lewis acid (P-BPh3) with high stability was designed and synthesized. Excellent conversion (up to 99%) and selectivity can be achieved in the hydrogenation of terminal alkynes catalyzed by P-BPh3. This catalytic system works quite well for different substrates. In addition, the P-BPh3 can be easily recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chenfei Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiao Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Youting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xingbang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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15
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He T, Li B, Liu L, Ma W, He W. Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Silylation of C sp -H by Silacyclobutanes. Chemistry 2021; 27:5648-5652. [PMID: 33522645 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The signature reactivity of silacyclobutane (SCB) is their cycloaddition reactions with various π bonds. Recently, the first cases were disclosed where SCBs reacted with both Csp2 -H and Csp3 -H σ bonds in an intramolecular fashion. Herein, it is reported that SCB is also an efficient reagent for Csp -H bond silylation. Thus, rhodium-catalyzed intermolecular reactions between SCBs and terminal alkynes produced a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical tetraorganosilicons bearing a Csp -Si functionality. Preliminary studies suggested that the reaction did not involve a cycloaddition pathway, but instead a direct activation of Csp -H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of, Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of, Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lichuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of, Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenpeng Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of, Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of, Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
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16
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Ma Y, Lou SJ, Hou Z. Electron-deficient boron-based catalysts for C-H bond functionalisation. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1945-1967. [PMID: 33325932 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00380h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to transition metal-catalysed C-H functionalisation, highly efficient construction of C-C and C-X (X = N, O, S, B, Si, etc.) bonds through metal-free catalytic C-H functionalisation remains one of the most challenging tasks for synthetic chemists. In recent years, electron-deficient boron-based catalyst systems have exhibited great potential for C-H bond transformations. Such emerging systems may greatly enrich the chemistry of C-H functionalisation and main-group element catalysis, and will also provide enormous opportunities in synthetic chemistry, materials chemistry, and chemical biology. This article aims to give a timely comprehensive overview to recognise the current status of electron-deficient boron-based catalysis in C-H functionalisation and stimulate the development of more efficient catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, and Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Jie Lou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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17
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18
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Spesivaya ES, Lupanova IA, Konshina DN, Konshin VV. Zn(OTf)2/i-Pr2NEt promoted synthesis of tetraalkynylsilanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Wang C, Liang H, Hang Z, Wang ZY, Xie Q, Xue W. Lewis acid/base pair as a catalytic system for α-stereoselective synthesis of 2-deoxyglycosides through the addition of alcohols to glycals. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Huang P, Liu Z, Shao Y, Deng S, Liu B. Mechanistic investigation of zinc-promoted silylation of phenylacetylene and chlorosilane: a combined experimental and computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22935-22942. [PMID: 33025988 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04127k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The zinc-promoted silylation method is of great importance to synthesize high-performance silicon-containing arylacetylene (PSA) resins in the industry. However, it is difficult to eliminate the accompanied by-product of terminal alkenes due to the lack of mechanistic understanding of the silylation. The initiation of zinc-promoted silylation is facilitated by the interaction between zinc and phenylacetylene. Our DFT calculations indicated that the intermolecular hydrogen transfer of phenylacetylene follows an ionic pathway, which generates a phenylacetylene anion and the corresponding alkene moieties on the zinc surface. The styrene by-product is observed in this stage, with its alkene moieties desorbing as radicals into the solvent under the high reaction temperature. Three possible intermediates of surface phenylacetylene anions were proposed including PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-Zn, PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CZnCl, and (PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]C)2Zn. These carbanion-zinc intermediates undergo an SN2 reaction with Me3SiCl to afford the alkynylsilane on the zinc surface, which is calculated to be the rate-determining step for the zinc-promoted silylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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21
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Li M, Wang T, An Z, Yan R. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed cyclization of alkynes: direct synthesis of 3-silyl heterocyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11953-11956. [PMID: 33033821 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot strategy for easy access to 3-silyl heterocyclic compounds was developed via a B(C6F5)3-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of o-(1-alkynyl)(thio)anisoles or o-(1-alkynyl)-N-methylaniline. In this reaction, benzenethiophene, benzofuran or indole skeletons could be constructed by an intermolecular cyclization with diphenylsilane. This protocol elicited moderate-to-good yields with metal-free reaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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22
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Zhu X, Guo D, Huang Z, Sheng T, Wang S, Pan M, Zha L, Zhou S. Dehydrogenative Coupling of Terminal Alkynes with O/N-Based Monohydrosilanes Catalyzed by Rare-Earth Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14152-14161. [PMID: 32955245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Newly synthesized rare-earth metal alkyl complexes bearing a tripyrrolyl ligand act as excellent precatalysts for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling between various terminal alkynes and O/N-based monohydrosilanes of HSi(OEt)3/HSi(NMe2)3, leading to the formation of a variety of alkoxysilylalkyne and aminosilylalkyne derivatives in good to high yields. The precatalysts LRE(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2 (RE = Y(1a), Er(1b), Yb(1c), L = 2,5-[(2-C4H3N)CPh2]2(C4H2NMe), thf = tetrahydrofuran) were easily prepared in high yields via the reactions of RE(CH2SiMe3)3(thf)2 with the proligand H2L in a single step. Mechanistic studies reveal that treatment of 1 with phenylacetylene could generate the active catalytic species: dinuclear rare-earth metal alkynides (L(thf)n[RE(μ-C≡CPh)]2L) (RE = Y(5a), n = 1; Yb(5c), n = 0), which could react with HSi(OEt)3 to produce the coupling product 4aa and the dinuclear rare-earth metal hydrides (L (thf)[RE(μ-H)]2L) (RE = Y(6a); Yb(6c)). By contrast, prior treatment of 1c with HSi(OEt)3 proceeds via cleavage of the Si-O bond to produce the dinuclear ytterbium alkoxide (LYb(μ-OEt))2 7c, which is inert in the dehydrogenative coupling reaction. The results of the mechanistic studies are consistent with the observation that the reaction is greatly influenced by the addition sequence of precatalyst/alkynes/silanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Dianjun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zeming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Tian Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China.,Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zha
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China
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23
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Zhai G, Liu X, Ma W, Wang G, Yang L, Li S, Wu Y, Hu X. B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 -Catalyzed Tandem Friedel-Crafts and C-H/C-O Coupling Reactions of Dialkylanilines. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3082-3086. [PMID: 32770729 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tandem Friedel-Crafts (FC) and C-H/C-O coupling reactions catalyzed by tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (B(C6 F5 )3 ) were achieved without using any other additive in the absence of solvent. This process can be used for the reactions between a series of dialkylanilines and vinyl ethers with good isolated yields of bis(4-dialkylaminophenyl) compounds. Based on combined theoretical and experimental studies, the possible reaction mechanism was proposed. B(C6 F5 )3 can activate the C=C and C-O bond for FC and C-H/C-O coupling reactions respectively. The FC reaction is slow, which is followed by a fast C-H/C-O coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowen Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Youting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xingbang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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24
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Huang Y, Jiang W, Xi X, Li Y, Wang X, Yang M, Zhang Z, Su M, Zhu H. Versatile Reaction Patterns of Phosphanylhydrosilylalkyne with B(C
6
F
5
)
3
: A Remarkable Group Substitution Effect. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen China
| | - Xin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University 311121 Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen China
| | - Ming‐Chung Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiayi University 60004 Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Zheng‐Feng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiayi University 60004 Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiayi University 60004 Chiayi Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University 80708 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen China
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25
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Chen Y, Wan HL, Huang Y, Liu S, Wang F, Lu C, Nie J, Chen Z, Yang G, Ma C. B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed β-Functionalization of Pyrrolidines Using Isatins via Borrowing Hydrogen: Divergent Access to Substituted Pyrrolidines and Pyrroles. Org Lett 2020; 22:7797-7803. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Lun Wan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Song Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Remediation Technologies, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Nie
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Zuxing Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China
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26
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Zhang JS, Liu L, Chen T, Han LB. Cross-Dehydrogenative Alkynylation: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis of Internal Alkynes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4776-4794. [PMID: 32667732 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alkynes are among the most fundamentally important organic compounds and are widely used in synthetic chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science. Thus, the development of an efficient and sustainable method for the preparation of alkynes has been a central concern in organic synthesis. Cross-dehydrogenative coupling utilizing E-H and Z-H bonds in two different molecules can avoid the need for prefunctionalization of starting materials and has become one of the most straightforward methods for the construction of E-Z chemical bonds. This Review summarizes recent progress in the preparation of internal alkynes by cross-dehydrogenative coupling with terminal alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Li-Biao Han
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3058571, Japan
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27
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Tani T, Sohma Y, Tsuchimoto T. Zinc/Indium Bimetallic Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis for Dehydrogenative Silylation/Hydrosilylation Reaction of Terminal Alkynes with Bis(hydrosilane)s. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Yudai Sohma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
| | - Teruhisa Tsuchimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku Kawasaki 214-8571 Japan
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28
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Bisag GD, Pecorari D, Mazzanti A, Bernardi L, Fochi M, Bencivenni G, Bertuzzi G, Corti V. Central‐to‐Axial Chirality Conversion Approach Designed on Organocatalytic Enantioselective Povarov Cycloadditions: First Access to Configurationally Stable Indole–Quinoline Atropisomers. Chemistry 2019; 25:15694-15701. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgiana Denisa Bisag
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Daniel Pecorari
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Luca Bernardi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Fochi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Giorgio Bencivenni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Giulio Bertuzzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Vasco Corti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
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29
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Ling F, Chen J, Xie Z, Hou H, Pan Z, Feng C, Shen H, Zhong W. Synthesis of substituted quinolines via B(C
6
F
5
)
3
‐catalyzed aniline‐aldehyde‐pyruvate oxidative annulation. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ling
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Huacui Hou
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhentao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Feng
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Weihui Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
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30
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Fritz-Langhals E. Silicon(II) Cation Cp*Si:+ X–: A New Class of Efficient Catalysts in Organosilicon Chemistry. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Fritz-Langhals
- WACKER Chemie AG, Consortium, Zielstattstraße 20-22, D-81379 Munich, Germany
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31
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Guru MM, De S, Dutta S, Koley D, Maji B. B(C 6F 5) 3-catalyzed dehydrogenative cyclization of N-tosylhydrazones and anilines via a Lewis adduct: a combined experimental and computational investigation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7964-7974. [PMID: 31853352 PMCID: PMC6839809 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02492a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-catalyzed dehydrogenative-cyclization of N-tosylhydrazones with aromatic amines has been disclosed. This metal-free catalytic protocol is compatible with a range of functional groups to provide both symmetrical and unsymmetrical 3,4,5-triaryl-1,2,4-triazoles. Mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies suggest an initial Lewis adduct formation of N-tosylhydrazone with B(C6F5)3 followed by sequential intermolecular amination of the borane adduct with aniline, intramolecular cyclization and frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-catalyzed dehydrogenation for the generation of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Mohan Guru
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India . ;
| | - Sriman De
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India . ;
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India . ;
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India . ;
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur-741246 , India . ;
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32
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Rauch M, Roberts RC, Parkin G. Reactivity of [TismPriBenz]MgMe towards secondary amines and terminal alkynes: Catalytic dehydrocoupling with hydrosilanes to afford Si–N and Si–C bonds. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Huang P, Xu D, Reich RM, Kaiser F, Liu B, Kühn FE. Et2Zn-mediated stoichiometric C(sp)-H silylation of 1-alkynes and chlorosilanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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34
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Wissing M, Studer A. Tuning the Selectivity of AuPd Nanoalloys towards Selective Dehydrogenative Alkyne Silylation. Chemistry 2019; 25:5870-5874. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wissing
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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35
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San HH, Wang CY, Zeng HP, Fu ST, Jiang M, Tang XY. Boron-Catalyzed Azide Insertion of α-Aryl α-Diazoesters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4478-4485. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet San
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Peng Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Tao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
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36
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Liu T, He J, Zhang Y. Regioselective 1,2-hydroboration of N-heteroarenes using a potassium-based catalyst. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Regioselective hydroboration of quinolines achieved using a potassium-based catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
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Du P, Zhao J. Comparative DFT study of metal-free Lewis acid-catalyzed C–H and N–H silylation of (hetero)arenes: mechanistic studies and expansion of catalyst and substrate scope. RSC Adv 2019; 9:37675-37685. [PMID: 35542279 PMCID: PMC9075773 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07985h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct selective dehydrogenative silylation of thiophenes, pyridines, indoles and anilines to synthesize silyl-substituted aromatic compounds catalyzed by metal-free Lewis acids was achieved recently. However, there is still insufficient mechanistic data for these transformations. Using density functional theory calculations, we conducted a detailed investigation of the mechanism of the B(C6F5)3-catalyzed dehydrogenative silylation of N-methylindole, N,N-dimethylaniline and N-methylaniline. We successfully located the most favourable reaction pathways that can explain the experimental observations notably well. The most favourable pathway for B(C6F5)3-catalyzed C–H silylation of N-methylindole includes nucleophilic attack, proton abstraction and hydride migration. The C–H silylation of N,N-dimethylaniline follows a similar pathway to N-methylindole rather than that proposed by Hou's group. Our mechanism successfully explains that the transformations of N-methylindoline to N-methylindole produce different products at different temperatures. For N-methylaniline bearing both N–H and para-phenyl C–H bonds, the N–H silylation reaction is more facile than the C–H silylation reaction. Our proposed mechanism of N–H silylation of N-methylaniline is different from that proposed by the groups of Paradies and Stephan. Lewis acids Al(C6F5)3, Ga(C6F5)3 and B(2,6-Cl2C6H3)(p-HC6F4)2 can also catalyze the C–H silylation of N-methylindole like B(C6F5)3, but the most favourable pathways are those promoted by N-methylindoline. Furthermore, we also found several other types of substrates that would undergo C–H or N–H silylation reactions under moderate conditions. These findings may facilitate the design of new catalysts for the dehydrogenative silylation of inactivated (hetero)arenes. We investigated the mechanism of the dehydrosilylation of (hetero)arenes and extended the scope of the silylation catalysts and substrates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Du
- School of Life Science and Chemistry
- Jiangsu Second Normal University
- Nanjing 210013
- China
| | - Jiyang Zhao
- School of Environmental Science
- Nanjing Xiaozhuang University
- Nanjing 211171
- China
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