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Li J, Liu C, Han X, Tian M, Jiang B, Li W, Ou C, Dou N, Han Z, Ji T, Cao X, Zhong X, Zhang L. Supramolecular Electronics: Monolayer Assembly of Nonamphiphilic Molecules via Water Surface-Assisted Molecular Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:48438-48447. [PMID: 39109880 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing softly confined self-assembly at the water surface represents a promising approach for the fabrication of two-dimensional molecular monolayers (2D MMs), which have predominantly been concentrated on amphiphilic organic compounds before. Herein, we introduce a straightforward method termed "water surface-assisted molecular deposition (WSAMD)" to organize nonamphiphilic molecules into dense monolayers with high reproducibility. To underscore the versatility and merit of this methodology in the field of supramolecular electronics, we have successfully fabricated a range of defect-free, uniform semiconducting polymer monolayers, featuring a thickness reflective of molecular architectures. The charge carrier mobility could reach 0.05 cm2 V-1 s-1 for holes and 3.5 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 for electrons, respectively, in p-type and n-type polymeric monolayers when tested as the active layer in field-effect transistors. Furthermore, in situ polymerization reactions can be exploited to generate conductive monolayers of macromolecules such as polybenzylaniline (PBnANI) and polypyrrole (PPy), where PBnANI monolayers exhibit channel length-dependent conductivity, up to 0.37 S cm-1. The advent of the WSAMD method heralds a significant leap forward in the advancement of molecular 2D materials, catalyzing new avenues of exploration within material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chuanhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Menghan Tian
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baichuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Cailing Ou
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Nannan Dou
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zixiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Tingyu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiaoru Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhong
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Fang PH, Chang HC, Cheng HL, Huang CC, Wang S, Teng CH, Chia ZC, Chiang HP, Ruan J, Shih WA, Chou WY. Bacteria Contaminants Detected by Organic Inverter-Based Biosensors. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1462. [PMID: 38891409 PMCID: PMC11174487 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of bacteria detection lies in its role in enabling early intervention, disease prevention, environmental protection, and effective treatment strategies. Advancements in technology continually enhance the speed, accuracy, and sensitivity of detection methods, aiding in addressing these critical issues. This study first reports the fabrication of an inverter constructed using crosslinked-poly(4-vinylphenol) (C-PVP) as the dielectric layer and an organic complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (O-CMOS) based on pentacene and N,N'-ditridecylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C13) as a diagnostic biosensor to rapidly detect bacterial concentration. Bacteria including Escherichia coli O157, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25922, and Enterococcus faecalis SH-1051210 were analysed on the inverters at an ultra-low operating voltage of 2 V. The high density of negative charge on bacteria surfaces strongly modulates the accumulated negative carriers within the inverter channel, resulting in a shift of the switching voltage. The inverter-based bacteria sensor exhibits a linear-like response to bacteria concentrations ranging from 102 to 108 CFU/mL, with a sensitivity above 60%. Compared to other bacterial detectors, the advantage of using an inverter lies in its ability to directly read the switching voltage without requiring an external computing device. This facilitates rapid and accurate bacterial concentration measurement, offering significant ease of use and potential for mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Fang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chun Chang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Long Cheng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Huang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Teng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Chun Chia
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Pang Chiang
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Jrjeng Ruan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Shih
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yang Chou
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Lu B, Stolte M, Liu D, Zhang X, Zhao L, Tian L, Frisbie CD, Würthner F, Tao X, He T. High Sensitivity and Ultra-Broad-Range NH 3 Sensor Arrays by Precise Control of Step Defects on The Surface of Cl 2-Ndi Single Crystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308036. [PMID: 38308194 PMCID: PMC11005746 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Vapor sensors with both high sensitivity and broad detection range are technically challenging yet highly desirable for widespread chemical sensing applications in diverse environments. Generally, an increased surface-to-volume ratio can effectively enhance the sensitivity to low concentrations, but often with the trade-off of a constrained sensing range. Here, an approach is demonstrated for NH3 sensor arrays with an unprecedentedly broad sensing range by introducing controllable steps on the surface of an n-type single crystal. Step edges, serving as adsorption sites with electron-deficient properties, are well-defined, discrete, and electronically active. NH3 molecules selectively adsorb at the step edges and nearly eliminate known trap-like character, which is demonstrated by surface potential imaging. Consequently, the strategy can significantly boost the sensitivity of two-terminal NH3 resistance sensors on thin crystals with a few steps while simultaneously enhancing the tolerance on thick crystals with dense steps. Incorporation of these crystals into parallel sensor arrays results in ppb-to-% level detection range and a convenient linear relation between sheet conductance and semi-log NH3 concentration, allowing for the precise localization of vapor leakage. In general, the results suggest new opportunities for defect engineering of organic semiconductor crystal surfaces for purposeful vapor or chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Lihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Liehao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota55455USA
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität WürzburgInstitut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Xutang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China
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Zhang Q, Li M, Li L, Geng D, Chen W, Hu W. Recent progress in emerging two-dimensional organic-inorganic van der Waals heterojunctions. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3096-3133. [PMID: 38373059 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00821e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted significant attention in recent decades due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Among them, to meet the growing demand for multifunctional applications, 2D organic-inorganic van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions have become increasingly popular in the development of optoelectronic devices. These heterojunctions demonstrate impressive capability to synergistically combine the favourable characteristics of organic and inorganic materials, thereby offering a wide range of advantages. Also, they enable the creation of innovative device structures and introduce novel functionalities in existing 2D materials, avoiding the need for lattice matching in different material systems. Presently, researchers are actively working on improving the performance of devices based on 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions by focusing on enhancing the quality of 2D materials, precise stacking methods, energy band regulation, and material selection. Therefore, this review presents a thorough examination of the emerging 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions, including their classification, fabrication, and corresponding devices. Additionally, this review offers profound and comprehensive insight into the challenges in this field to inspire future research directions. It is expected to propel researchers to harness the extraordinary capabilities of 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterojunctions for a wider range of applications by further advancing the understanding of their fundamental properties, expanding the range of available materials, and exploring novel device architectures. The ongoing research and development in this field hold potential to unlock captivating advancements and foster practical applications across diverse industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Menghan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dechao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit, Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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5
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Li M, Liu M, Qi F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Self-Assembled Monolayers for Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Thin-Film Electronic Devices: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2138-2204. [PMID: 38421811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering has long been a vital means of improving thin-film device performance, especially for organic electronics, perovskites, and hybrid devices. It greatly facilitates the fabrication and performance of solution-processed thin-film devices, including organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, due to the limitation of traditional interfacial materials, further progress of these thin-film devices is hampered particularly in terms of stability, flexibility, and sensitivity. The deadlock has gradually been broken through the development of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which possess distinct benefits in transparency, diversity, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and surface passivation ability. In this review, we first showed the evolution of SAMs, elucidating their working mechanisms and structure-property relationships by assessing a wide range of SAM materials reported to date. A comprehensive comparison of various SAM growth, fabrication, and characterization methods was presented to help readers interested in applying SAM to their works. Moreover, the recent progress of the SAM design and applications in mainstream thin-film electronic devices, including OFETs, OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, was summarized. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the major challenges for the further development of SAMs used in thin-film devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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6
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Song W, Sun J, Wang Q, Wu H, Zheng K, Wang B, Wang Z, Long X. n-Type boron β-diketone-containing conjugated polymers for high-performance room temperature ammonia sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1023-1031. [PMID: 38054828 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01596c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor (OSC) gas sensors with good mechanical flexibility have received considerable attention as commercial and wearable devices. However, due to poor resistance to moisture and low conductivity, the improvement in the sensing capability of individual OSCs is limited. Reported here is a promising pathway to construct a series of conjugated organic polymers (COPs) with well-defined pyrimidine (Py-COP) or boron β-diketone (BF-COP) units. Unlike traditional metal- or carbon-based hybrid materials, the developed COPs can provide abundant absorption sites for gaseous analytes. As a result, the as-prepared BF-COP results in an excellent sensing response of over 1500 (Ra/Rg) toward 40 ppm of NH3 at room temperature, which is the highest value among those of pristine COPs as n-type sensing materials. Notably, they can maintain their initial sensing responses for two months and 90% relative humidity resistance. Combining the results of in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, the β-diketone skeleton is found to activate the surface electronic environment, verifying that the electron-deficient B ← O groups are adsorption centers. The B/N-heterocyclic decoration effectively modulates the redox properties and electronic interactions, as well as perturbs charge transfer in typical π-conjugated COPs. These results offer insight into developing highly efficient OSC gas sensors, which potentially have broadened sensing applications in the areas of organoboron chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Jiankun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Kunpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
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7
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Jiang X, Shi C, Wang Z, Huang L, Chi L. Healthcare Monitoring Sensors Based on Organic Transistors: Surface/Interface Strategy and Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308952. [PMID: 37951211 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic transistors possess inherent advantages such as flexibility, biocompatibility, customizable chemical structures, solution-processability, and amplifying capabilities, making them highly promising for portable healthcare sensor applications. Through convenient and diverse modifications at the material and device surfaces or interfaces, organic transistors allow for a wide range of sensor applications spanning from chemical and biological to physical sensing. In this comprehensive review, the surface and interface engineering aspect associated with four types of typical healthcare sensors is focused. The device operation principles and sensing mechanisms are systematically analyzed and highlighted, and particularly surface/interface functionalization strategies that contribute to the enhancement of sensing performance are focused. An outlook and perspective on the critical issues and challenges in the field of healthcare sensing using organic transistors are provided as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Suzhou Laboratory, 388 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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8
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Shen Z, Huang W, Li L, Li H, Huang J, Cheng J, Fu Y. Research Progress of Organic Field-Effect Transistor Based Chemical Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302406. [PMID: 37271887 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, chemical sensors have gained significant attention in various fields, including drug security, environmental testing, food safety, and biological medicine. Among them, organic field-effect transistor (OFET) based chemical sensors have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sensors, exhibiting several advantages such as multi-parameter detection, room temperature operation, miniaturization, flexibility, and portability. This review paper presents recent research progress on OFET-based chemical sensors, highlighting the enhancement of sensor performance, including sensitivity, selectivity, stability, etc. The main improvement programs are improving the internal and external structures of the device, as well as the organic semiconductor layer and dielectric structure. Finally, an outlook on the prospects and challenges of OFET-based chemical sensors is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Shen
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Li Li
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Huizi Li
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jiangong Cheng
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanyan Fu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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10
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Sun C, Wang T. Organic thin-film transistors and related devices in life and health monitoring. NANO RESEARCH 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37359073 PMCID: PMC10102697 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The early determination of disease-related biomarkers can significantly improve the survival rate of patients. Thus, a series of explorations for new diagnosis technologies, such as optical and electrochemical methods, have been devoted to life and health monitoring. Organic thin-film transistor (OTFT), as a state-of-the-art nano-sensing technology, has attracted significant attention from construction to application owing to the merits of being label-free, low-cost, facial, and rapid detection with multi-parameter responses. Nevertheless, interference from non-specific adsorption is inevitable in complex biological samples such as body liquid and exhaled gas, so the reliability and accuracy of the biosensor need to be further improved while ensuring sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Herein, we overviewed the composition, mechanism, and construction strategies of OTFTs for the practical determination of disease-related biomarkers in both body fluids and exhaled gas. The results show that the realization of bio-inspired applications will come true with the rapid development of high-effective OTFTs and related devices. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-023-5606-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384 China
| | - Tie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384 China
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11
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Chen J, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Research Progress of Organic Small-Molecule Semiconductors with High Electron Mobilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210772. [PMID: 36519670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics has made great progress in the past decades, which is inseparable from the innovative development of organic electronic devices and the diversity of organic semiconductor materials. It is worth mentioning that both of these great advances are inextricably linked to the development of organic high-performance semiconductor materials, especially the representative n-type organic small-molecule semiconductor materials with high electron mobilities. The n-type organic small molecules have the advantages of simple synthesis process, strong intermolecular stacking, tunable molecular structure, and easy to functionalize structures. Furthermore, the n-type semiconductor is a remarkable and important component for constructing complementary logic circuits and p-n heterojunction structures. Therefore, n-type organic semiconductors play an extremely important role in the field of organic electronic materials and are the basis for the industrialization of organic electronic functional devices. This review focuses on the modification strategies of organic small molecules with high electron mobility at molecular level, and discusses in detail the applications of n-type small-molecule semiconductor materials with high mobility in organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic photodetectors, and gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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12
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Liu H, Liu D, Yang J, Gao H, Wu Y. Flexible Electronics Based on Organic Semiconductors: from Patterned Assembly to Integrated Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206938. [PMID: 36642796 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic flexible electronic devices are at the forefront of the electronics as they possess the potential to bring about a major lifestyle revolution owing to outstanding properties of organic semiconductors, including solution processability, lightweight and flexibility. For the integration of organic flexible electronics, the precise patterning and ordered assembly of organic semiconductors have attracted wide attention and gained rapid developments, which not only reduces the charge crosstalk between adjacent devices, but also enhances device uniformity and reproducibility. This review focuses on recent advances in the design, patterned assembly of organic semiconductors, and flexible electronic devices, especially for flexible organic field-effect transistors (FOFETs) and their multifunctional applications. First, typical organic semiconductor materials and material design methods are introduced. Based on these organic materials with not only superior mechanical properties but also high carrier mobility, patterned assembly strategies on flexible substrates, including one-step and two-step approaches are discussed. Advanced applications of flexible electronic devices based on organic semiconductor patterns are then highlighted. Finally, future challenges and possible directions in the field to motivate the development of the next generation of flexible electronics are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Liu
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Junchuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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13
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Wang Z, Hu J, Lu J, Zhu X, Zhou X, Huang L, Chi L. Charge Transport Manipulation via Interface Doping: Achieving Ultrasensitive Organic Semiconductor Gas Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8355-8366. [PMID: 36735056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor (OSC) gas sensors are receiving tremendous attention with the rise of wearable devices. Due to the complicated charge transport characteristics of OSCs, it is usually difficult to optimize their gas sensitivity by directly tailoring the original signals, as in many other kinds of sensors. Instead, device engineering strategies are frequently centered on enhancing the gas-film interaction. Herein, by introducing interface doping between self-assembled monolayers and triisopropylsilylethynyl-substituted pentacene films, we report a wide tuning of OSC gas sensitivity via charge transport manipulation and achieve an ultrahigh sensitivity of nearly 2000%/ppm to NO2, simultaneously resulting in a fast square-wave-like response feature. In addition, this sensor demonstrates good humidity stability and operates well in flexible devices. More importantly, we identify that charge transport manipulation tailors the gas sensibility of OSCs by means of electronic structure instead of original signal values: compared to shallow traps, the presence of proper deep traps is conducive to gaining high sensitivity and ultrafast response/recovery speeds. This approach is also effective for tuning the sensitivity to reductive gases, verifying its generality for promoting the performance of OSC gas sensors, as well as a promising strategy for other types of sensors or detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Gusu Laboratory of Materials, 388 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jing Hu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic Materials and Its Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215009, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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14
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Chiodini S, Dinelli F, Martinez NF, Donati S, Albonetti C. Identification of ultra-thin molecular layers atop monolayer terraces in sub-monolayer organic films with scanning probe microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2022; 240:113598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2022.113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Shen C, Han P, Zheng Z, Jiang W, Gao S, Hua C, Chen CL, Xia F, Zhai T, Liu K, Fang Y. Spatially Confined Face-Selective Growth of Large-Area 2D Organic Molecular Crystals in a Supramolecular Gel for Highly Efficient Flexible Photodetection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203662. [PMID: 36054543 PMCID: PMC9596823 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
2D organic molecular crystals (2DOMCs) are promising materials for the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic devices. However, the growth of organic molecules into 2DOMCs remains a challenge because of the difficulties in controlling their self-assembly with a preferential orientation in solution-process crystallization. Herein, fullerene is chosen as a model molecule to develop a supramolecular gel crystallization approach to grow large-area 2DOMCs by controlling the perfect arrangement on the {220} crystal plane with the assistance of a gelated solvent. In this case, the gel networks provide tuneable confined spaces to control the crystallization kinetics toward the growth of dominant crystal faces by their inhibiting motions of solvent or solute molecules to enable the growth of perfect crystals at appropriate nucleation rates. As a result, a large-area fullerene 2DOMC is produced successfully and its corresponding device on a flexible substrate exhibits excellent bendable properties and ultra-high weak light detection ability (2.9 × 1011 Jones) at a 10 V bias upon irradiation with 450 nm incident light. Moreover, its photoelectric properties remain unchanged after 200 cycles of bending at angles of 45, 90, and 180°. These results can be extended to the growth of other 2DOMCs for potentially fabricating advanced organic (opto)electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Pan Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074P. R. China
| | - Wenhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Hua
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lung Chen
- Department of ChemistryNational Sun Yat‐sen UniversityKaosiungTaiwan80424P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074P. R. China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi′an710119P. R. China
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16
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Li Z, Ma D, Xu F, Dan T, Gong Z, Shao J, Zhao YS, Yao J, Zhong Y. Selective, Anisotropic, or Consistent Polarized‐Photon Out‐Coupling of 2D Organic Microcrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205033. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Dian‐Xue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fa‐Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ti‐Xiong Dan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhong‐Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jiang‐Yang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yu‐Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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17
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Chen L, Hu Y, Huang H, Liu C, Zang Y, Wu D, Xia J. Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Device Engineering: Toward Organic Field-Effect Transistor-Based High-Performance Gas Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32299-32307. [PMID: 35796606 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronic-based gas sensors hold great potential for portable healthcare- and environment-monitoring applications. It has recently been shown that introducing a porous structure into an organic semiconductor (OSC) film is an efficient way to improve the gas-sensing performance because it facilitates the interaction between the gaseous analyte and the active layer. Although several methods have been used to generate porous structures, the development of a robust approach that can facilely engineer the porous OSC film with a uniform pore pattern remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a robust approach to fabricate porous OSC films by using a femtosecond laser-processed porous dielectric layer template. With this laser-assisted strategy, various polymeric OSC layers with controllable pore size and well-defined pore patterns were achieved. The consequent porous p-type polymer-based device exhibits enhanced sensitivity to the ammonia analyte in the range from 100 ppb to 10 ppm with remarkable reproducibility and selectivity. The micropattern of the active layer was precisely controlled by generating various pore densities in the predecorated templates, which results in modulated ammonia sensitivities ranging from 30 to 65% ppm-1. Furthermore, we show that this approach can be used to fabricate flexible gas sensors with enhanced sensing performance and mechanical durability, which indicate that this femtosecond laser-assisted approach is very promising for the fabrication of next-generation wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuzhou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huaxi Huang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yaping Zang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
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18
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Gong Q, Miao Q. Sensitivity of gas sensors enhanced by functionalization of hexabenzoperylene in solution-processed monolayer organic field effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7046-7049. [PMID: 35647768 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01899c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solution-processed monolayer films consisting of unfunctionalized and functionalized hexabenzoperylenes in a single homogeneous phase have enabled highly sensitive detection of NH3 and NO2 on the basis of organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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19
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Organic donor-acceptor heterojunctions for high performance circularly polarized light detection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3454. [PMID: 35705562 PMCID: PMC9200767 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of highly efficient and stable lateral organic circularly polarized light photodetector is a fundamental prerequisite for realization of circularly polarized light integrated applications. However, chiral semiconductors with helical structure are usually found with intrinsically low field-effect mobilities, which becomes a bottleneck for high-performance and multi-wavelength circularly polarized light detection. To address this problem, here we demonstrate a novel strategy to fabricate multi-wavelength circularly polarized light photodetector based on the donor-acceptor heterojunction, where efficient exciton separation enables chiral acceptor layer to provide differentiated concentration of holes to the channel of organic field-effect transistors. Benefitting from the low defect density at the semiconductor/dielectric interface, the photodetectors exhibit excellent stability, enabling current roll-off of about 3–4% over 500 cycles. The photocurrent dissymmetry value and responsivity for circularly polarized light photodetector in air are 0.24 and 0.28 A W−1, respectively. We further demonstrate circularly polarized light communication based on a real-time circularly polarized light detector by decoding the light signal. As the proof-of-concept, the results hold the promise of large-scale circularly polarized light integrated photonic applications. Here, the authors report a strategy to fabricate multi-wavelength circularly polarized light photodetectors consisting of bilayer donor-acceptor heterojunctions with chiral active layers.
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Chen Z, Duan S, Zhang X, Geng B, Xiao Y, Jie J, Dong H, Li L, Hu W. Organic Semiconductor Crystal Engineering for High-Resolution Layer-Controlled 2D Crystal Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104166. [PMID: 34416051 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2D organic semiconductor crystals (2DOSCs) have extraordinary charge transport capability, adjustable photoelectric properties, and superior flexibility, and have stimulated continuous research interest for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic applications. The prerequisite for achieving large-area and high-throughput optoelectronic device integration is to fabricate high-resolution 2DOSC arrays. Patterned substrate- and template-assisted self-assembly is an effective strategy to fabricate OSC arrays. However, the film thickness is difficult to control due to the complicated crystallization process during solvent evaporation. Therefore, the manufacturing of 2DOSC arrays with high-resolution and controllable molecular-layer numbers through solution-based patterning methods remains a challenge. Herein, a two-step strategy to produce high-resolution layer-controlled 2DOSC arrays is reported. First, large-scale 2DOSCs with well-defined layer numbers are obtained by a solution-processed organic semiconductor crystal engineering method. Next, the high-resolution layer-controlled 2DOSC arrays are fabricated by a polydimethylsiloxane mold-assisted selective contact evaporation printing technique. The organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on 2DOSC arrays have high electrical performance and excellent uniformity. The 2,6-bis(4-hexylphenyl)anthracene 2DOSC arrays-based OFETs have a small variation of 12.5% in mobility. This strategy can be applied to various organic semiconductors and pattern arrays. These demonstrations will offer more opportunities for 2DOSCs for integrated optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuming Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bowen Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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21
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Zhu X, Yan Y, Sun L, Ren Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li R, Chen H, Wu J, Yang F, Hu W. Negative Phototransistors with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Weak-Light Detection Based on 1D/2D Molecular Crystal p-n Heterojunctions and their Application in Light Encoders. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201364. [PMID: 35324012 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous negative phototransistors in which the channel current decreases under light illumination hold potential to generate novel and multifunctional optoelectronic applications. Although a variety of design strategies have been developed to construct such devices, NPTs still suffer from far lower device performance compared to well-developed positive phototransistors (PPTs). In this work, a novel 1D/2D molecular crystal p-n heterojunction, in which p-type 1D molecular crystal (1DMC) arrays are embedded into n-type 2D molecular crystals (2DMCs), is developed to produce ultrasensitive NPTs. The p-type 1DMC arrays act as light-absorbing layers to induce p-doping of n-type 2DMCs through charge transfer under illumination, resulting in ineffective gate control and significant negative photoresponses. As a result, the NPTs show remarkable performances in photoresponsivity (P) (1.9 × 108 ) and detectivity (D*) (1.7 × 1017 Jones), greatly outperforming previously reported NPTs, which are one of the highest values among all organic phototransistors. Moreover, the device exhibits intriguing characteristics undiscovered in PPTs, including precise control of the threshold voltage by controlling light signals and ultrasensitive detection of weak light. As a proof-of-concept, the NTPs are demonstrated as light encoders that can encrypt electrical signals by light. These findings represent a milestone for negative phototransistors, and pave the way for the development of future novel optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yujie Yan
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, P.R. China
| | - Lingjie Sun
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Rongjin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Fangxu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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22
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Li ZQ, Ma DX, Xu FF, Dan TX, Gong ZL, Shao JY, Zhao YS, Yao J, Zhong YW. Selective, Anisotropic, or Consistent Polarized‐Photon Out‐Coupling of 2D Organic Microcrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qiu Li
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Dian-Xue Ma
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Fa-Feng Xu
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Ti-Xiong Dan
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Zhong-Liang Gong
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemistry 2 Bei Yi Jie, Zhong Guan Cun 100190 Beijing CHINA
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23
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Zhang H, Liu J, Jiang L. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution based on carbon nitride and organic semiconductors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:322001. [PMID: 35447618 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac68f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) presents a promising way to solve the global energy crisis. Metal-free carbon nitride (CN) and organic semiconductors photocatalysts have drawn intense interests due to their fascinating properties such as tunable molecular structure, electronic states, strong visible-light absorption, low-cost etc. In this paper, the recent progresses of photocatalytic hydrogen production based on organic photocatalysts, including CN, linear polymers, conjugated porous polymers and small molecules, are reviewed, with emphasis on the various strategies to improve PHE efficiency. Finally, the possible future research trends in the organic photocatalysts are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hantang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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24
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Dai C, Liu Y, Wei D. Two-Dimensional Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: The Road toward Commercialization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10319-10392. [PMID: 35412802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary success in information technology has been sustained by the rapid growth of sensor technology. Recently, advances in sensor technology have promoted the ambitious requirement to build intelligent systems that can be controlled by external stimuli along with independent operation, adaptivity, and low energy expenditure. Among various sensing techniques, field-effect transistors (FETs) with channels made of two-dimensional (2D) materials attract increasing attention for advantages such as label-free detection, fast response, easy operation, and capability of integration. With atomic thickness, 2D materials restrict the carrier flow within the material surface and expose it directly to the external environment, leading to efficient signal acquisition and conversion. This review summarizes the latest advances of 2D-materials-based FET (2D FET) sensors in a comprehensive manner that contains the material, operating principles, fabrication technologies, proof-of-concept applications, and prototypes. First, a brief description of the background and fundamentals is provided. The subsequent contents summarize physical, chemical, and biological 2D FET sensors and their applications. Then, we highlight the challenges of their commercialization and discuss corresponding solution techniques. The following section presents a systematic survey of recent progress in developing commercial prototypes. Lastly, we summarize the long-standing efforts and prospective future development of 2D FET-based sensing systems toward commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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25
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Liu J, Yu Y, Liu J, Li T, Li C, Zhang J, Hu W, Liu Y, Jiang L. Capillary-Confinement Crystallization for Monolayer Molecular Crystal Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107574. [PMID: 34837661 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic single-crystalline semiconductors are highly desired for the fabrication of integrated electronic circuits, yet their uniform growth and efficient patterning is a huge challenge. Here, a general solution procedure named the "soft-template-assisted-assembly method" is developed to prepare centimeter-scale monolayer molecular crystal (MMC) arrays with precise regulation over their size and location via a capillary-confinement crystallization process. It is remarkable that the field-effect mobility of the array is highly uniform, with variation less than 4.4%, which demonstrates the most uniform organic single-crystal arrays ever reported so far. Simulations based on fluid dynamics are carried out to understand the function mechanism of this method. Thanks to the ultrasmooth crystalline orientation surface of MMCs, high-quality p-n heterojunction arrays can be prepared by weak epitaxy growth of n-type material atop the MMC. The p-n heterojunction field-effect transistors show ambipolar characteristics and the corresponding inverters constructed by these heterojunctions exhibit a competitive gain of 155. This work provides a general strategy to realize the preparation and application of logic complementary circuits based on patterned organic single crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yamin Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Lanzhou University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Lanzhou University Lanzhou P. R. China
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27
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Wang Z, Jiang X, Huang K, Ning L, Zhang J, Zhang F, Yang J, Wu Y, Chen X, Yi Y, Shi X, Chen Y, Wang S. A Bioinspired Adhesive-Integrated-Agent Strategy for Constructing Robust Gas-Sensing Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2106067. [PMID: 34633120 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors based on organic molecules are attractive for their tailored molecular structures and controllable functions, but weak interfacial adhesion between sensing materials and supporting substrates has severely hampered their practical applications, particularly in harsh environments. Here, inspired by the combined anchoring-recognizing feature of natural olfactory systems, an adhesive-integrated-agent strategy to integrate the adhesive unit (poly(dimethylsiloxane)) with the sensing unit (organoplatinum(II)) into one chemistry entity, creating robust and sensitive nanobelt array gas sensors is demonstrated. Systematic theoretical and experimental studies reveal that incorporating adhesive units significantly enhances the interfacial adhesion of the array sensors and gas-bridged super-exchange electronic couplings of sensing units ensure their efficient gas-sensing performance. The high shear strength of ≈7.05 × 106 N m-2 allows these arrays to resist aggressive ultrasonication, tape peeling, or repeated bending without compromising their sensing performance. This molecular engineering strategy opens a new guideline to develop robust gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Kang Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ning
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feilong Zhang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiangong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuanping Yi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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28
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Wang X, Sun C, Zhang C, Cheng S, Hu W. Organic Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors with Enhanced Sensitivity and Reliability under Illumination for Carcinoembryonic Antigen Bioassay. Anal Chem 2021; 93:15167-15174. [PMID: 34723486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Achieving biosensors of high sensitivity and reliability is extremely significant for early diagnosis and treatment of tumor diseases. Herein, a novel organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based biosensor was developed and applied for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) bioassay. This OFET-based biosensor can respond sensitively to the antigen-antibody immune-recognition reaction under illumination and darkness, respectively, thereby generating electrical signal changes of source-drain current (IDS) and threshold voltage (Vth). The OFET-based biosensor exhibits detection limits for CEA detection of 0.5 and 0.2 pM, respectively, using IDS and Vth as the response signals under darkness. When a specific intensity of light is applied, light will influence the charge-carrier transport process in the conductive channel, thus causing biosignals to turn into higher electrical signal changes of photocurrent and threshold voltage under illumination. Compared with the detection results in the dark, the biosensor exhibits higher sensitivity for CEA detection under illumination with detection limits of 13.5 and 16.9 fM. Also, multisignal outputs effectively improve the reliability of the biosensor for CEA detection. Consequently, with powerful detection functions, this OFET-based biosensor is expected to become a high-performance biosensing platform for the detection of various biological substances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chenfang Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250011, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institution of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus, Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
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29
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Li L, Zhang J, Dai H, Cai D, Guo C, Xiao Y, Ma X, Wang Y. A Bio-inspired Extended-Gate Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistor for Highly Sensitive Amino Acid Enantiodiscrimination. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14425-14431. [PMID: 34672522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As the most important small molecules revealing the origins of life, amino acids (AAs) play essential roles in living organisms and their facile enantiodiscrimination has long been a great challenge for analytical chemists. Inspired by the specific stereomatching effect between biomolecules and AA enantiomers, herein, we first developed a bio-inspired highly sensitive platform based on an extended-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (EG-MOSFET) for highly sensitive AA enantiodiscrimination. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was self-assembled on deposited Au surfaces to afford the extended gate (EG) sensing unit, and its enantiorecognition ability was initially verified using common electrochemical techniques. The EG was thereafter installed to a MOSFET to build the desired BSA-EG-MOSFET highly sensitive chiral sensing platform, which realized the efficient enantiodiscrimination of essential AAs with high sensitivity, where effective chiral resolution was achieved at the femtomole level to phenylalanine (Phe). Combining molecular docking and circular dichroism spectroscopy, the weak intermolecular interactions between BSA and AAs enantiomers were investigated and the mechanism for signal amplification was proposed. Our results demonstrate that the as-fabricated biosensor has great potential in highly sensitive chiral sensing fields and can also afford a potential tool for biomolecular interaction investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials, Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Deyu Cai
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Caijun Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
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30
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31
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Li E, He W, Yu R, He L, Wu X, Chen Q, Liu Y, Chen H, Guo T. High-Density Reconfigurable Synaptic Transistors Targeting a Minimalist Neural Network. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28564-28573. [PMID: 34100580 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enormous synaptic devices are required to build a parallel, precise, and efficient neural computing system. To further improve the energy efficiency of neuromorphic computing, a single high-density synaptic (HDS) device with multiple nonvolatile synaptic states is suggested to reduce the number of synaptic devices in the neural network, although such a powerful synaptic device is rarely demonstrated. Here, a photoisomerism material, namely, diarylethene, whose energy level varies with the wavelength of illumination is first introduced to construct a powerful HDS device. The multiple synaptic states of the HDS device are intrinsically converted under UV-vis regulation and remain nonvolatile after the removal of illumination. More importantly, the conversion is reconfigurable and reversible under different light conditions, and the synaptic characteristics are comprehensively mimicked in each state. Finally, compared with a two-layer multilayer perceptron (MLP) architecture based on static synaptic devices, the HDS device-based architecture reduces the device number by 16 times to achieve a minimalist neural computing structure. The invention of the HDS device opens up a revolutionary paradigm for the establishment of a brain-like network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enlong Li
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Weixin He
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rengjian Yu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lihua He
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qizhen Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Tailiang Guo
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350100, China
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32
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Jiang B, Che Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Li W, Zheng H, Huang X, Samorì P, Zhang L. Wafer-Scale and Full-Coverage Two-Dimensional Molecular Monolayers Strained by Solvent Surface Tension Balance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26218-26226. [PMID: 34015927 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the outstanding properties discovered in two-dimensional materials, the bottom-up generation of molecular monolayers is becoming again extremely popular as a route to develop novel functional materials and devices with tailored characteristics and minimal materials consumption. However, achieving a full-coverage over a large-area still represents a grand challenge. Here we report a molecular self-assembly protocol at the water surface in which the monolayers are strained by a novel solvent surface tension balance (SSTB) instead of a physical film balance as in the conventional Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method. The obtained molecular monolayers can be transferred onto any arbitrary substrate including rigid inorganic oxides and metals, as well as flexible polymeric dielectrics. As a proof-of-concept, their application as ideal modification layers of a dielectric support for high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) has been demonstrated. The field-effect mobilities of both p- and n-type semiconductors displayed dramatic improvements of 1-3 orders of magnitude on SSTB-derived molecular monolayer, reaching values as high as 6.16 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 0.68 cm2 V-1 s-1 for pentacene and PTCDI-C8, respectively. This methodology for the fabrication of wafer-scale and defect-free molecular monolayers holds potential toward the emergence of a new generation of high-performance electronics based on two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baichuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yu Che
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yingxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Can Wang
- CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, University of Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongxian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paolo Samorì
- CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, University of Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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33
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Fully integrated ultra-sensitive electronic nose based on organic field-effect transistors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10683. [PMID: 34021171 PMCID: PMC8140082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern solid-state gas sensors approaching ppb-level limit of detection open new perspectives for process control, environmental monitoring and exhaled breath analysis. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are especially promising for gas sensing due to their outstanding sensitivities, low cost and small power consumption. However, they suffer of poor selectivity, requiring development of cross-selective arrays to distinguish analytes, and environmental instability, especially in humid air. Here we present the first fully integrated OFET-based electronic nose with the whole sensor array located on a single substrate. It features down to 30 ppb limit of detection provided by monolayer thick active layers and operates in air with up to 95% relative humidity. By means of principal component analysis, it is able to discriminate toxic air pollutants and monitor meat product freshness. The approach presented paves the way for developing affordable air sensing networks for the Internet of Things.
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34
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Guo S, Wang Z, Chen X, Li L, Li J, Ji D, Li L, Hu W. Low‐voltage polymer‐dielectric‐based organic field‐effect transistors and applications. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Jie Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Deyang Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Fuzhou China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Fuzhou China
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35
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Zhao X, Wang S, Ni Y, Tong Y, Tang Q, Liu Y. High-Performance Full-Photolithographic Top-Contact Conformable Organic Transistors for Soft Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004050. [PMID: 33977061 PMCID: PMC8097323 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) are identified to be the most promising candidate for next-generation wearable and implantable electronics because of their unique advantages including their flexibility, low cost, long-term biocompatibility, and simple packaging. However, commercialization of organic transistors remains an enormous challenge due to their low mobility and lack of scalable strategy for high-precise soft devices. Here, a novel photolithography fabrication strategy is proposed, which is completely compatible with various commercial organic semiconductor materials, for the first demonstration of the fully photolithographic top-contact conformable OTFTs with the device density as high as 1523 transistors cm-2. Excellent electrical and mechanical properties with device yield as high as 100%, field-effect mobility up to 1-2 cm2 V-1 s-1, and outstanding conformability are shown. This work provides a new strategy that can fully maximize the advantages of organic materials and photolithography technology, showing a great prospect in the development of high-performance, high-precise organic devices toward the commercialized and industrialized soft electronic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhao
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
| | - Yanping Ni
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
| | - Yanhong Tong
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
| | - Qingxin Tang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Researchand Key Lab of UV‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal University5268 Renmin StreetChangchun130024China
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Qiu Y, Zhao Y, Gao H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Zhang B, Feng J, Jiang L, Wu Y. Scalable Single-Crystalline Organic 1D Arrays for Image Sensor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100332. [PMID: 33864427 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic applications of organic semiconductors demand single-crystalline structures with long-range order and suppressed defects for sustaining efficient carrier transport and long photocarrier lifetime, which are pivotal in photodetection, photovoltaic, and light emission. For integrated devices, an additional requirement of precise patterning is imposed, whereas the patterning of single-crystalline organic microstructures is still challenging because the molecular stacking is easily perturbed by disordered fluids in microdroplets. Herein, a capillary-bridge lithography is developed for driving the directional transport of capillary flows to control the confined crystallization of organic 1D single-crystalline arrays with aligned positioning and pure orientation. Through tuning the concentration and pressure, the size of organic 1D arrays in three dimensions can be controlled with 2.9-5.8 µm in width and 1.2 µm to 110 nm in height. Organic 1D array photodetectors exhibit a stable performance with on/off ratio of 180 and responsivity of 4.99 mA W-1 . Based on the scalable fabrication of 1D array photodetectors, 20 × 20 multiplexed image sensors with high accuracy are demonstrated for capturing the light signals of capital letter "A," "B," and "C." This research will open opportunities for the large-scale fabrication of organic single-crystalline semiconductors toward the integrated optoelectronic modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Yang B, Zhang S, Wang Y, Dai S, Wang X, Sun Q, Huang Y, Huang J. Highly sensitive 2D organic field-effect transistors for the detection of lithium-ion battery electrolyte leakage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3464-3467. [PMID: 33687418 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have become indispensable in daily life. Here, we fabricated a broad range of polymer semiconductor films as thin as 2 nm via a standard spin-coating method, and utilized the resulting organic transistors for the detection of LIB electrolytes, which can give an early warning signal before LIB failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Yang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China.
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38
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Zhou J, Järvinen T, Pitkänen O, Kónya Z, Kukovecz A, Kordas K. Composites of ion-in-conjugation polysquaraine and SWCNTs for the detection of H 2S and NH 3 at ppb concentrations. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:185502. [PMID: 33624613 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abdf06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Several different methods are established for the analysis of gases, including optical spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy as well as colorimetric and resistive sensing, the measurements systems are either too complex or have limited sensitivity. In particular, when the goal is to apply a large number of sensors in networks, it is highly desirable to have devices that are simple, have low cost and energy consumption, yet sensitive and selective to monitor analytes even in traces. Herein, we propose a new type of resistive sensor device based on a composite of single-wall carbon nanotubes and an ion-in-conjugation polymer, poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene-squaraine), capable of detecting H2S and NH3 in air even at room temperature with a theoretical concentration limit of ∼1 ppb and ∼7 ppb, respectively. Density functional theory calculations revealed that H atoms of the analytes and O atoms of the polymer chain interact and form hydrogen bonds, and the electron withdrawal from the gas molecules by the polymer chain results in the change of its electrical conductivity. To demonstrate the feasibility of the new nanocomposites in sensing, we show the devices for monitoring food safety with good sensor stability of operation for at least 3 months of period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
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Yuvaraja S, Bhyranalyar VN, Bhat SA, Surya SG, Yelamaggad CV, Salama KN. A highly selective electron affinity facilitated H 2S sensor: the marriage of tris(keto-hydrazone) and an organic field-effect transistor. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:525-537. [PMID: 34821268 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.202000853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) are emerging as part of a promising future for gas-sensing applications. However, some of their limitations, such as poor specificity, humidity sensitivity and poor ambient stability, remain persistent. Herein, a novel combination of a polymer-monomer heterostructure, derived from a CP (PDVT-10) and a newly reported monomer [tris(keto-hydrazone)] has been integrated in an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) platform to sense H2S selectively. The hybrid heterostructure shows an unprecedented sensitivity (525% ppm-1) and high selectivity toward H2S gas. In addition, we demonstrated that the PDVT-10/tris(keto-hydrazone) OFET sensor has the lowest limit of detection (1 ppb), excellent ambient stability (∼5% current degradation after 150 days), good response-recovery behavior, and exceptional electrical behavior and gas response reproducibility. This work can help pave the way to incorporate futuristic gas sensors in a multitude of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Yuvaraja
- Sensors lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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40
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Liang J, Song Z, Wang S, Zhao X, Tong Y, Ren H, Guo S, Tang Q, Liu Y. Cobweb-like, Ultrathin Porous Polymer Films for Ultrasensitive NO 2 Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52992-53002. [PMID: 33170620 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors based on polymer field-effect transistors (FETs) have drawn much attention owing to the inherent merits of specific selectivity, low cost, and room temperature operation. Ultrathin (<10 nm) and porous polymer semiconductor films offer a golden opportunity for achieving high-performance gas sensors. However, wafer-scale fabrication of such high-quality polymer films is of great challenge and has rarely been realized before. Herein, the first demonstration of 4 in. wafer-scale, cobweb-like, and ultrathin porous polymer films is reported via a one-step phase-inversion process. This approach is extremely simple and universal for constructing various ultrathin porous polymer semiconductor films. Thanks to the abundant pores, ultrathin size, and high charge-transfer efficiency of the prepared polymer films, our gas sensors exhibit many superior advantages, including ultrahigh response (2.46 × 106%), low limit of detection (LOD) (<1 ppm), and excellent selectivity. Thus, the proposed fabrication strategy is exceptionally promising for mass manufacturing of low-cost high-performance polymer FET-based gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Zhiqi Song
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yanhong Tong
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Shanlei Guo
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qingxin Tang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
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41
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Sasaki Y, Asano K, Minamiki T, Zhang Z, Takizawa SY, Kubota R, Minami T. A Water-Gated Organic Thin-Film Transistor for Glyphosate Detection: A Comparative Study with Fluorescence Sensing. Chemistry 2020; 26:14525-14529. [PMID: 32803889 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the design of a highly sensitive solid-state sensor device based on a water-gated organic thin-film transistor (WG-OTFT) for the selective detection of herbicide glyphosate (GlyP) in water. A competitive assay among carboxylate-functionalized polythiophene, Cu2+ , and GlyP was employed as a sensing mechanism. Molecular recognition phenomena and electrical double layer (EDL) (at the polymer/water interface) originated from the field-effect worked cooperatively to amplify the sensitivity for GlyP. The limit of detection of WG-OTFT (0.26 ppm) was lower than that of a fluorescence sensor chip (0.95 ppm) which is the conventional sensing method. In contrast to the previously reported insulated molecular wires to block interchain interactions, molecular aggregates under the field-effect has shown to be effective for amplification of sensitivity through "intra"- and "inter"-molecular wire effects. The opposite strategy in this study could pave the way for fully utilizing the sensing properties of polymer-based solid-state sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Koichiro Asano
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tsukuru Minamiki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Zhoujie Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Riku Kubota
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
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42
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, Huang J. OFET chemical sensors: Chemical sensors based on ultrathin organic field‐effect transistors. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Junyao Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China
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43
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Wang J, Wu X, Pan J, Feng T, Wu D, Zhang X, Yang B, Zhang X, Jie J. Graphene-Quantum-Dots-Induced Centimeter-Sized Growth of Monolayer Organic Crystals for High-Performance Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003315. [PMID: 33252160 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer organic crystals have attracted considerable attention due to their extraordinary optoelectronic properties. Solution self-assembly on the surface of water is an effective approach to fabricate monolayer organic crystals. However, due to the difficulties in controlling the spreading of organic solution on the water surface and the weak intermolecular interaction between the organic molecules, large-area growth of monolayer organic crystals remains a great challenge. Here, a graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-induced self-assembly method for centimeter-sized growth of monolayer organic crystals on a GQDs solution surface is reported. The spreading area of the organic solution can be readily controlled by tuning the pH value of the GQDs solution. Meanwhile, the π-π stacking interaction between the GQDs and the organic molecules can effectively reduce the nucleation energy of the organic molecules and afford a cohesive force to bond the crystals, enabling large-area growth of monolayer organic crystals. Using 2,7-didecyl benzothienobenzothiopene (C10-BTBT) as an examples, centimeter-sized monolayer C10-BTBT crystal with uniform molecular packing and crystal orientation is attained. Organic field-effect transistors based on the monolayer C10-BTBT crystals exhibit a high mobility up to 2.6 cm2 V-1 s-1, representing the highest mobility value for solution-assembled monolayer organic crystals. This work provides a feasible route for large-scale fabrication of monolayer organic crystals toward high-performance organic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing Pan
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Tanglue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Abstract
Organic frameworks (OFs) offer a novel strategy for assembling organic semiconductors into robust networks that facilitate transport, especially the covalent organic frameworks (COFs). However, poor electrical conductivity through covalent bonds and insolubility of COFs limit their practical applications in organic electronics. It is known that the two-dimensional intralayer π∙∙∙π transfer dominates transport in organic semiconductors. However, because of extremely labile inherent features of noncovalent π∙∙∙π interaction, direct construction of robust frameworks via noncovalent π∙∙∙π interaction is a difficult task. Toward this goal, we report a robust noncovalent π∙∙∙π interaction-stacked organic framework, namely πOF, consisting of a permanent three-dimensional porous structure that is held together by pure intralayer noncovalent π∙∙∙π interactions. The elaborate porous structure, with a 1.69-nm supramaximal micropore, is composed of fully conjugated rigid aromatic tetragonal-disphenoid-shaped molecules with four identical platforms. πOF shows excellent thermostability and high recyclability and exhibits self-healing properties by which the parent porosity is recovered upon solvent annealing at room temperature. Taking advantage of the long-range π∙∙∙π interaction, we demonstrate remarkable transport properties of πOF in an organic-field-effect transistor, and the mobility displays relative superiority over the traditional COFs. These promising results position πOF in a direction toward porous and yet conductive materials for high-performance organic electronics.
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45
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Li H, Shi Y, Han G, Liu J, Zhang J, Li C, Liu J, Yi Y, Li T, Gao X, Di C, Huang J, Che Y, Wang D, Hu W, Liu Y, Jiang L. Monolayer Two-dimensional Molecular Crystals for an Ultrasensitive OFET-based Chemical Sensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4380-4384. [PMID: 31943644 PMCID: PMC7079129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of conventional thin-film OFET-based sensors is limited by the diffusion of analytes through bulk films and remains the central challenge in sensing technology. Now, for the first time, an ultrasensitive (sub-ppb level) sensor is reported that exploits n-type monolayer molecular crystals (MMCs) with porous two-dimensional structures. Thanks to monolayer crystal structure of NDI3HU-DTYM2 (NDI) and controlled formation of porous structure, a world-record detection limit of NH3 (0.1 ppb) was achieved. Moreover, the MMC-OFETs also enabled direct detection of solid analytes of biological amine derivatives, such as dopamine at an extremely low concentration of 500 ppb. The remarkably improved sensing performances of MMC-OFETs opens up the possibility of engineering OFETs for ultrasensitive (bio)chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yanjun Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Xike Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional MoleculesCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Chongan Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai201804China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesDepartment of ChemistrySchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
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