1
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Zhang S, Gong L, Sun Y, Zhang F, Gao W. An ultra-long-acting L-asparaginase synergizes with an immune checkpoint inhibitor in starvation-immunotherapy of metastatic solid tumors. Biomaterials 2025; 312:122740. [PMID: 39096839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis stands as the primary contributor to mortality associated with tumors. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are frequently utilized in the management of metastatic solid tumors. Nevertheless, these therapeutic modalities are linked to serious adverse effects and limited effectiveness in preventing metastasis. Here, we report a novel therapeutic strategy named starvation-immunotherapy, wherein an immune checkpoint inhibitor is combined with an ultra-long-acting L-asparaginase that is a fusion protein comprising L-asparaginase (ASNase) and an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), termed ASNase-ELP. ASNase-ELP's thermosensitivity enables it to generate an in-situ depot following an intratumoral injection, yielding increased dose tolerance, improved pharmacokinetics, sustained release, optimized biodistribution, and augmented tumor retention compared to free ASNase. As a result, in murine models of oral cancer, melanoma, and cervical cancer, the antitumor efficacy of ASNase-ELP by selectively and sustainably depleting L-asparagine essential for tumor cell survival was substantially superior to that of ASNase or Cisplatin, a first-line anti-solid tumor medicine, without any observable adverse effects. Furthermore, the combination of ASNase-ELP and an immune checkpoint inhibitor was more effective than either therapy alone in impeding melanoma metastasis. Overall, the synergistic strategy of starvation-immunotherapy holds excellent promise in reshaping the therapeutic landscape of refractory metastatic tumors and offering a new alternative for next-generation oncology treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanke Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Like Gong
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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2
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Lin M, Lv X, Wang H, Shu L, Wang H, Zhang G, Sun J, Chen X. Coacervation-Driven Semipermeable Nanoreactors for Enzymatic Cascade-Mediated Cancer Combination Therapy with Enhanced Efficacy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2407378. [PMID: 39235373 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing enzyme cascades as a promising approach for targeted cancer therapies holds significant potential, yet its clinical effectiveness is substantially hindered by functional losses during delivery. Complex coacervation emerges as an intriguing strategy for designing functional nanoreactors. In this study, a noteworthy achievement is presented in the development of lactobionic acid-modified tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive polyelectrolyte complex vesicles (HGS-PCVs) based on bioinspired homopolypeptoids, which serve as a facile, intelligent, and highly efficient nanoreactor tunable for glucose oxidase, hemoglobin, and sorafenib (SRF) to hepatic cancer cells. The TME-responsive permeability of HGS-PCVs enables the selective entry of glucose into their interior, triggering an enzymatic cascade reaction within the tumor. This intricate process generates toxic hydroxyl radicals while concurrently lowering the pH. Consequently, this pH shift enhances the SRF release, effectively promoting ferroptosis and apoptosis in the target cancer cells. Further, the administration of the HGS-PCVs not only initiates immunogenic cell death but also plays a crucial role in inducing the maturation of dendritic cells within lymph nodes. It stimulates an adaptive T-cell response, a crucial mechanism that contributes to impeding the growth of distant tumors in vivo, demonstrating the promising potential of PCVs for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xueli Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hepeng Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Lilei Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Helin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
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3
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Liu Y, Tian X, Zhang F, Zhang WB. Probing the Topological Effects on Stability Enhancement and Therapeutic Performance of Protein Bioconjugates: Tadpole, Macrocycle versus Figure-of-Eight. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400466. [PMID: 39091049 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Chemical topology provides a unique dimension for making therapeutic protein bioconjugates with native structure and intact function, yet the effects of topology remain elusive. Herein, the design, synthesis, and characterization of therapeutic protein bioconjugates in three topologies (i.e., tadpole, macrocycle, and figure-of-eight), are reported. The interferon α2b (IFN) and albumin binding domain (ABD) are selected as the model proteins for bioconjugation and proof-of-concept. The biosynthesis of these topological isoforms is accomplished via direct expression in cells using SpyTag-SpyCatcher chemistry and/or split-intein-mediated ligation for topology diversification. The corresponding topologies are proven with combined techniques of LC-MS, SDS-PAGE, and controlled proteolytic digestion. While the properties of these topological isoforms are similar in most cases, the figure-of-eight-shaped bioconjugate, f8-IFN-ABD, exhibits the best thermal stability and anti-aggregation properties along with prolonged half-life and enhanced tumor retention relative to the tadpole-shaped control, tadp-IFN-ABD, and the macrocyclic control, c-IFN-ABD, showcasing considerable topological effects. The work expands the topological diversity of proteins and demonstrates the potential advantages of leveraging chemical topology for functional benefits beyond multi-function integration in protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xibao Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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4
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Nawaz T, Gu L, Gibbons J, Hu Z, Zhou R. Bridging Nature and Engineering: Protein-Derived Materials for Bio-Inspired Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:373. [PMID: 38921253 PMCID: PMC11201842 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9060373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The sophisticated, elegant protein-polymers designed by nature can serve as inspiration to redesign and biomanufacture protein-based materials using synthetic biology. Historically, petro-based polymeric materials have dominated industrial activities, consequently transforming our way of living. While this benefits humans, the fabrication and disposal of these materials causes environmental sustainability challenges. Fortunately, protein-based biopolymers can compete with and potentially surpass the performance of petro-based polymers because they can be biologically produced and degraded in an environmentally friendly fashion. This paper reviews four groups of protein-based polymers, including fibrous proteins (collagen, silk fibroin, fibrillin, and keratin), elastomeric proteins (elastin, resilin, and wheat glutenin), adhesive/matrix proteins (spongin and conchiolin), and cyanophycin. We discuss the connection between protein sequence, structure, function, and biomimetic applications. Protein engineering techniques, such as directed evolution and rational design, can be used to improve the functionality of natural protein-based materials. For example, the inclusion of specific protein domains, particularly those observed in structural proteins, such as silk and collagen, enables the creation of novel biomimetic materials with exceptional mechanical properties and adaptability. This review also discusses recent advancements in the production and application of new protein-based materials through the approach of synthetic biology combined biomimetics, providing insight for future research and development of cutting-edge bio-inspired products. Protein-based polymers that utilize nature's designs as a base, then modified by advancements at the intersection of biology and engineering, may provide mankind with more sustainable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufiq Nawaz
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
| | - Liping Gu
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
| | | | - Zhong Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
| | - Ruanbao Zhou
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
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5
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Cao C, Tian L, Li J, Raveendran R, Stenzel MH. Mix and Shake: A Mild Way to Drug-Loaded Lysozyme Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27177-27186. [PMID: 38753304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible nanoparticles as drug carriers can improve the therapeutic efficiency of hydrophobic drugs. However, the synthesis of biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles can be time-consuming and often involves toxic solvents. Here, a simple method for protein-based stable drug-loaded particles with a narrow polydispersity is introduced. In this process, lysozyme is mixed with hydrophobic drugs (curcumin, ellipticine, and dasatinib) and fructose to prepare lysozyme-based drug particles of around 150 nm in size. Fructose is mixed with the drug to generate nanoparticles that serve as templates for the lysozyme coating. The effect of lysozyme on the physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles is studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scattering techniques (e.g., dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)). We observed that lysozyme significantly stabilized the curcumin fructose particles for 7 days. Moreover, additional drugs, such as ellipticine and dasatinib, can be loaded to form dual-drug particles with narrow polydispersity and spherical morphology. The results also reveal that lysozyme dual ellipticine/dasatinib curcumin particles enhance the cytotoxicity and uptake on MCF-7 cells, RAW 264.7 cells, and U-87 MG cells due to the larger and rigid hydrophobic core. In summary, lysozyme in combination with fructose and curcumin can serve as a powerful combination to form protein-based stable particles for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Linqing Tian
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Joanna Li
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Radhika Raveendran
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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6
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Zhuo SH, Wang TY, Zhao L, Su JY, Hu JJ, Zhao YF, Li YM. piSTING: A Pocket-Independent Agonist Based on Multivalency-Driven STING Oligomerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202407037. [PMID: 38767062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a potent therapeutic target for innate immunity. Despite the efforts to develop pocket-dependent small-molecule STING agonists that mimic the endogenous STING ligand, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP), most of these agonists showed disappointing results in clinical trials owing to the limitations of the STING pocket. In this study, we developed novel pocket-independent STING-activating agonists (piSTINGs), which act through multivalency-driven oligomerization to activate STING. Additionally, a piSTING-adjuvanted vaccine elicited a significant antibody response and inhibited tumour growth in therapeutic models. Moreover, a piSTING-based vaccine combination with aPD-1 showed remarkable potential to enhance the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy. In particular, piSTING can strengthen the impact of STING pathway in immunotherapy and accelerate the clinical translation of STING agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Zhuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Yun Su
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jian Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315221, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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7
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Kapil K, Murata H, Szczepaniak G, Russell AJ, Matyjaszewski K. Tailored Branched Polymer-Protein Bioconjugates for Tunable Sieving Performance. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:461-467. [PMID: 38574342 PMCID: PMC11025119 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Protein-polymer conjugates combine the unique properties of both proteins and synthetic polymers, making them important materials for biomedical applications. In this work, we synthesized and characterized protein-branched polymer bioconjugates that were precisely designed to retain protein functionality while preventing unwanted interactions. Using chymotrypsin as a model protein, we employed a controlled radical branching polymerization (CRBP) technique utilizing a water-soluble inibramer, sodium 2-bromoacrylate. The green-light-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) enabled the grafting of branched polymers directly from the protein surface in the open air. The resulting bioconjugates exhibited a predetermined molecular weight, well-defined architecture, and high branching density. Conformational analysis by SEC-MALS validated the controlled grafting of branched polymers. Furthermore, enzymatic assays revealed that densely grafted polymers prevented protein inhibitor penetration, and the resulting conjugates retained up to 90% of their enzymatic activity. This study demonstrates a promising strategy for designing protein-polymer bioconjugates with tunable sieving behavior, opening avenues for applications in drug delivery and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kapil
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alan J. Russell
- Amgen
Research, 1 Amgen Center
Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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8
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Ouyang J, Zhang Z, Li J, Wu C. Integrating Enzymes with Supramolecular Polymers for Recyclable Photobiocatalytic Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400105. [PMID: 38386281 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemical modifications of enzymes excel in the realm of enzyme engineering due to its directness, robustness, and efficiency; however, challenges persist in devising versatile and effective strategies. In this study, we introduce a supramolecular modification methodology that amalgamates a supramolecular polymer with Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) to create supramolecular enzymes (SupEnzyme). This approach features the straightforward preparation of a supramolecular amphiphilic polymer (β-CD@SMA), which was subsequently conjugated to the enzyme, resulting in a SupEnzyme capable of self-assembly into supramolecular nanoparticles. The resulting SupEnzyme nanoparticles can form micron-scale supramolecular aggregates through supramolecular and electrostatic interactions with guest entities, thus enhancing catalyst recycling. Remarkably, these aggregates maintain 80 % activity after seven cycles, outperforming Novozym 435. Additionally, they can effectively initiate photobiocatalytic cascade reactions using guest photocatalysts. As a consequence, our SupEnzyme methodology exhibits noteworthy adaptability in enzyme modification, presenting a versatile platform for various polymer, enzyme, and biocompatible catalyst pairings, with potential applications in the fields of chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Ouyang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Zhenfang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jian Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Changzhu Wu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
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9
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Liu B, Rodriguez J, J Kilgallon L, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang A, Dai Y, Nguyen HVT, Pentelute BL, Johnson JA. An organometallic swap strategy for bottlebrush polymer-protein conjugate synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4238-4241. [PMID: 38529790 PMCID: PMC11008127 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Polymer-protein bioconjugation offers a powerful strategy to alter the physical properties of proteins, and various synthetic polymer compositions and architectures have been investigated for this purpose. Nevertheless, conjugation of molecular bottlebrush polymers (BPs) to proteins remains an unsolved challenge due to the large size of BPs and a general lack of methods to transform the chain ends of BPs into functional groups suitable for bioconjugation. Here, we present a strategy to address this challenge in the context of BPs prepared by "graft-through" ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), one of the most powerful methods for BP synthesis. Quenching ROMP of PEGylated norbornene macromonomers with an activated enyne terminator facilitates the transformation of the BP Ru alkylidene chain ends into Pd oxidative addition complexes (OACs) for facile bioconjugation. This strategy is shown to be effective for the synthesis of two BP-protein conjugates (albumin and ERG), setting the stage for a new class of BP-protein conjugates for future therapeutic and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jacob Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Landon J Kilgallon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Wencong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Aiden Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Yutong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Hung V-T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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10
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Huang W, Zhang L, Sun J, Sun Y, Gong L, Ge S, Zheng Y, Gao W, Wei X. Hypoxia Reversion by Low-Immunogenic Ultra-Acid-Sensitive Comicelles of Protein-Polymer Conjugates Sensitizes Tumors to Photodynamic Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7543-7554. [PMID: 38469664 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is characteristic of the tumor microenvironment, which is correlated with resistance to photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Catalase is potentially useful to catalyze the conversion of endogenous H2O2 to O2 for hypoxia reversion. However, the efficient delivery of catalase into the hypoxia regions of tumors is a huge challenge. Here, we report the self-assembly of ultra-acid-sensitive polymer conjugates of catalase and albumin into nanomicelles that are responsive to the acidic tumor microenvironment. The immunogenicity of catalase is mitigated by the presence of albumin, which reduces the cross-linking of catalase with B cell receptors, resulting in improved pharmacokinetics. The ultra acid sensitivity of the nanomicelles makes it possible to efficiently escape the lysosomal degradation after endocytosis and permeate into the interior of tumors to reverse hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. In mice bearing triple-negative breast cancer, the nanomicelles loaded with a photosensitizer effectively accumulate and penetrate into the whole tumors to generate a sufficient amount of O2 to reverse hypoxia, leading to enhanced efficacy of PDT without detectable side effects. These findings provide a general strategy of self-assembly to design low-immunogenic ultra-acid-sensitive comicelles of protein-polymer conjugates to reverse tumor hypoxia, which sensitizes tumors to PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Huang
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Longshuai Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Like Gong
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sisi Ge
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yinghao Zheng
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Institute of Medical Technology and Cancer Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
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11
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Yang Z, Yao Q, Gong L, Zhang F, Sun J, Sun Y, Gao W. A Superlong-Acting Growth Hormone-Polypeptide Fusion for Growth Hormone Deficiency Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302507. [PMID: 38030143 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is clinically used to treat growth hormone deficiency (GHD). However, daily administration of rhGH is required due to its poor stability and short blood circulation, which causes pains and burdens as well as inconvenience to patients. In this study, a method for genetically fusing rhGH to a thermosensitive polymer of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) is reported, using which the rhGH-ELP thermosensitive fusion protein can be purified by the thermosensitivity of ELP instead of chromatography. The ELP fusion not only drastically improves the stability of rhGH, but also enables the in situ formation of a sustained-release depot of rhGH-ELP upon subcutaneous (SC) injection, which exhibits gentle release with a platform-to-trough fluctuation in blood and a very long circulatory half-life of 594.6 h. In contrast, rhGH exhibits a peak-to-trough fluctuation in blood with a very short circulatory half-life of 0.7 h. As a result, a single subcutaneous injection of rhGH-ELP can consecutively promote the linear growth of rats and the development of major tissues and organs over 3 weeks without obvious side effects, whereas rhGH is required to be injected daily to achieve similar therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Yang
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiongqiong Yao
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Like Gong
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
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12
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Zeng Z, Chen S, Chen Y. Zwitterionic Polymer: A New Paradigm for Protein Conjugation beyond PEG. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300245. [PMID: 37675618 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
To render protein drugs more suitable for clinical treatment, PEGylation has been widely used to ameliorate their inherent deficiencies, such as poor stability, rapid elimination in the bloodstream, and high immunogenicity. While increasingly PEGylated protein drugs have been approved by the FDA, the non-degradability of PEG and the emergence of anti-PEG antibodies after injection raise concerns about their cumulative chronic toxicity and long-term therapeutic efficacy. Zwitterionic polymer, with a unique structure containing equal amounts of positively charged and negatively charged groups, shows a different hydration behavior to PEG, which may be a superior PEG alternative for protein conjugation. In this concept review, a series of features beyond that of PEGylated protein exhibited by protein-zwitterionic polymer conjugate are discussed and some suggestions are presented for their future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zeng
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Center of Functional Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Center of Functional Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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13
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Voutyritsa E, Gryparis C, Theodorou A, Velonia K. Synthesis of Multifunctional Protein-Polymer Conjugates via Oxygen-tolerant, Aqueous Copper-Mediated Polymerization, and Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200976. [PMID: 37002553 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-tolerant, aqueous copper-mediated polymerization approaches are combined with click chemistry in either a sequential or a simultaneous manner, to enable the synthesis of multifunctional protein-polymer conjugates. Propargyl acrylate (PgA) and propargyl methacrylate (PgMA) grafting from a bovine serum albumin (BSA) macroinitiator is thoroughly optimized to synthesize chemically addressable BSA-poly(propargyl acrylate) and BSA-poly(propargyl methacrylate) respectively. The produced multifunctional bioconjugates bear pendant terminal 1-alkynes which can be readily post-functionalized via both [3+2] Huisgen cycloaddition and thiol-yne click chemistry under mild reaction conditions. Simultaneous oxygen-tolerant, aqueous copper-catalyzed polymerization, and click chemistry mediate the in situ multiple chemical tailoring of biomacromolecules in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Errika Voutyritsa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 70013, Greece
| | - Charis Gryparis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 70013, Greece
| | - Alexis Theodorou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 70013, Greece
| | - Kelly Velonia
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 70013, Greece
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14
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Chen X, Josephson B, Davis BG. Carbon-Centered Radicals in Protein Manipulation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:614-638. [PMID: 37122447 PMCID: PMC10141601 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Methods to directly post-translationally modify proteins are perhaps the most straightforward and operationally simple ways to create and study protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). However, precisely altering or constructing the C-C scaffolds pervasive throughout biology is difficult with common two-electron chemical approaches. Recently, there has been a surge of new methods that have utilized single electron/radical chemistry applied to site-specifically "edit" proteins that have started to create this potential-one that in principle could be near free-ranging. This review provides an overview of current methods that install such "edits", including those that generate function and/or PTMs, through radical C-C bond formation (as well as C-X bond formation via C• where illustrative). These exploit selectivity for either native residues, or preinstalled noncanonical protein side-chains with superior radical generating or accepting abilities. Particular focus will be on the radical generation approach (on-protein or off-protein, use of light and photocatalysts), judging the compatibility of conditions with proteins and cells, and novel chemical biology applications afforded by these methods. While there are still many technical hurdles, radical C-C bond formation on proteins is a promising and rapidly growing area in chemical biology with long-term potential for biological editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxiao Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
- The
Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, OX11 OFA, U.K.
| | - Brian Josephson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Benjamin G. Davis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
- The
Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, OX11 OFA, U.K.
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, U.K.
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15
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Duan F, Jin W, Zhang T, Sun Y, Deng X, Gao W. Thermo-pH-Sensitive Polymer Conjugated Glucose Oxidase for Tumor-Selective Starvation-Oxidation-Immune Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209765. [PMID: 36773963 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein drugs are increasingly used as therapeutics for the treatment of cancer. However, their inherent drawbacks, such as poor stability, low cell membrane and tissue permeability, lack of tumor selectivity, and severe side effects, limit their wide applications in cancer therapy. Herein, screening of a thermo-pH-sensitive polymer-glucose oxidase conjugate that can controllably self-assemble into nanoparticles with improved stability is reported. The size, surface charge, and bioactivity of the conjugate can be tuned by adjustment of the solution temperature and pH. The cellular uptake, intracellular hydrogen peroxide generation, and tumor cell spheroid penetration of the conjugate are greatly enhanced under the acidic tumor microenvironment, leading to increased cytotoxicity to tumor cells. Upon a single intratumoural injection, the conjugate penetrates into the whole tumor tissue but hardly diffuses into the normal tissues, resulting in the eradication of the tumors in mice without perceivable side effects. Simultaneously, the conjugate induces a robust antitumor immunity to efficiently inhibit the growth of distant tumors, especially in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. These findings provide a novel and general strategy to make multifunctional protein-polymer conjugates with responsiveness to the acidic tumor microenvironment for selective tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Duan
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Yuanzi Sun
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, 100191, China
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16
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Active-targeting long-acting protein-glycopolymer conjugates for selective cancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 356:175-184. [PMID: 36871646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-fouling polymers are effective in improving the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic proteins, but short of biological functions for tumor targeting. In contrast, glycopolymers are biologically active, but usually have poor pharmacokinetics. To address this dilemma, herein we report in situ growth of glucose- and oligo(ethylene glycol)-containing copolymers at the C-terminal site of interferon alpha, an antitumor and antivirus biological drug, to generate C-terminal interferon alpha-glycopolymer conjugates with tunable glucose contents. The in vitro activity and in vivo circulatory half-life of these conjugates were found to decrease with the increase of glucose content, which can be ascribed to complement activation by the glycopolymers. Additionally, the cancer cell endocytosis of the conjugates was observed to maximize at a critical glucose content due to the tradeoff between complement activation and glucose transporter recognition by the glycopolymers. As a result, in mice bearing ovarian cancers with overexpressed glucose transporter 1, the conjugates with optimized glucose contents were identified to possess improved cancer-targeting ability, enhanced anticancer immunity and efficacy, and increased animal survival rate. These findings provided a promising strategy for screening protein-glycopolymer conjugates with optimized glucose contents for selective cancer therapy.
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17
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Topical Delivery of Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Modified Human Growth Hormone for Enhanced Wound Healing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030394. [PMID: 36986493 PMCID: PMC10053240 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein drugs have been emerging as a class of promising therapeutics. However, their topical application has been limited by their high molecular weight and poor permeability to the cell membrane. In this study, we aimed to enhance human growth hormone (hGH) permeability for topical application by conjugation of TAT peptide, a cell-penetrating peptide, to hGH via crosslinker. After TAT was conjugated to hGH, TAT-hGH was purified by affinity chromatography. TAT-hGH significantly increased cell proliferation compared with the control. Interestingly, the effect of TAT-hGH was higher than hGH at the same concentration. Furthermore, the conjugation of TAT to hGH enhanced the permeability of TAT-hGH across the cell membrane without affecting its biological activity in vitro. In vivo, the topical application of TAT-hGH into scar tissue markedly accelerated wound healing. Histological results showed that TAT-hGH dramatically promoted the re-epithelialization of wounds in the initial stage. These results demonstrate TAT-hGH as a new therapeutic potential drug for wound healing treatment. This study also provides a new method for topical protein application via enhancement of their permeability.
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18
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Zhang L, Sun J, Huang W, Zhang S, Deng X, Gao W. Hypoxia-Triggered Bioreduction of Poly( N-oxide)-Drug Conjugates Enhances Tumor Penetration and Antitumor Efficacy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1707-1713. [PMID: 36601987 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PEGylation prolongs the blood circulation time of drugs; however, it simultaneously reduces the tumor penetration of drugs due to the nonfouling function and bulky hydrodynamic volume of PEG, leading to unsatisfactory outcomes in the treatment of solid tumors. Herein, we report the in situ growth of a bioreducible polymer of poly(N-oxide) from an important protein drug of interferon alpha (IFN) to generate site-specific IFN-poly(N-oxide) conjugates with higher bioactivity than a clinically used PEGylated IFN of PEGASYS. An IFN-poly(N-oxide) conjugate is screened out to have a circulating half-life as long as 51 h, which is similar to that of PEGASYS but 96-fold greater than that of IFN. However, the conjugate greatly outperforms PEGASYS and IFN in tumor penetration and antitumor efficacy in mice bearing melanoma. This enhanced tumor penetration is ascribed to the adsorption-mediated transcytosis of the conjugate whose poly(N-oxide) is biologically reduced into poly(tertiary amine), under hypoxia, which can be further protonated in the acidic tumor microenvironment. These novel findings demonstrate that poly(N-oxide)s are not only long-circulating but also bioreducible under hypoxia and are of great promise as next-generation carriers to deliver drugs into the interior of solid tumors to enhance their antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longshuai Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing100081, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing100081, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing100191, China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Sanke Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing100081, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing100191, China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing100081, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing100081, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing100191, China.,Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing100191, China.,Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University, Beijing100191, China
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19
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Liu Y, Bai X, Lyu C, Fang J, Zhang F, Wu WH, Wei W, Zhang WB. Mechano-bioconjugation Strategy Empowering Fusion Protein Therapeutics with Aggregation Resistance, Prolonged Circulation, and Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18387-18396. [PMID: 36178288 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation is a powerful protein modification strategy to improve protein properties. Herein, we report mechano-bioconjugation as a novel approach to empower fusion protein therapeutics and demonstrate its utility by a protein heterocatenane (cat-IFN-ABD) containing interferon-α2b (IFN) mechanically interlocked with a consensus albumin-binding domain (ABD). The conjugate was selectively synthesized in cellulo following a cascade of post-translational events using a pair of heterodimerizing p53dim variants and two orthogonal split-intein reactions. The catenane topology was proven by combined techniques of LC-MS, SDS-PAGE, SEC, and controlled proteolytic digestion. Not only did cat-IFN-ABD retain activities comparable to those of the wild-type IFN and ABD, the conjugate also exhibited enhanced aggregation resistance and prolonged circulation time over the simple linear and cyclic fusions. Consequently, cat-IFN-ABD potently inhibited tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model. Therefore, mechano-bioconjugation by catenation accomplishes function integration with additional benefits, providing an alternative pathway for developing advanced protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chengliang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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20
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Theodorou A, Gounaris D, Voutyritsa E, Andrikopoulos N, Baltzaki CIM, Anastasaki A, Velonia K. Rapid Oxygen-Tolerant Synthesis of Protein-Polymer Bioconjugates via Aqueous Copper-Mediated Polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4241-4253. [PMID: 36067415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates usually requires extensive and costly deoxygenation procedures, thus limiting their availability and potential applications. In this work, we report the ultrafast synthesis of polymer-protein bioconjugates in the absence of any external deoxygenation via an aqueous copper-mediated methodology. Within 10 min and in the absence of any external stimulus such as light (which may limit the monomer scope and/or disrupt the secondary structure of the protein), a range of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers could be successfully grafted from a BSA macroinitiator, yielding well-defined polymer-protein bioconjugates at quantitative yields. Our approach is compatible with a wide range of monomer classes such as (meth) acrylates, styrene, and acrylamides as well as multiple macroinitiators including BSA, BSA nanoparticles, and beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Notably, the synthesis of challenging protein-polymer-polymer triblock copolymers was also demonstrated, thus significantly expanding the scope of our strategy. Importantly, both lower and higher scale polymerizations (from 0.2 to 35 mL) were possible without compromising the overall efficiency and the final yields. This simple methodology paves the way for a plethora of applications in aqueous solutions without the need of external stimuli or tedious deoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Theodorou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Dimitris Gounaris
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Errika Voutyritsa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Nicholas Andrikopoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | | | | | - Kelly Velonia
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
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21
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Yu M, Wang D, Zhong D, Xie W, Luo J. Adropin Carried by Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Nanocapsules Ameliorates Renal Lipid Toxicity in Diabetic Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37330-37344. [PMID: 35951354 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common diabetes complication mainly caused by lipid toxicity characterized by oxidative stress. Studies have shown that adropin (Ad) regulates energy metabolism and may be an effective target to improve DKD. This study investigated the effect of exogenous Ad encapsulated in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocapsules (Ad@Gel) on DKD. HK2 cells were induced with high glucose (HG) and intervened with Ad@Gel. A diabetes mouse model was established using HG and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin and treated with Ad@Gel to observe its effects on renal function, pathological damage, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress. Results showed that Ad@Gel could protect HK2 from HG stimulation in vitro. It also effectively controls blood glucose and lipid levels, improves renal function, inhibits excessive production of ROS, protects mitochondria from damage, improves lipid deposition in renal tissues, and downregulates the expression of lipogenic proteins SEBP-1 and ADRP in DKD mice. In HG-induced HK2 cells or the kidney of DKD patients, the low expression of neuronatin (Nnat) and high expression of translocator protein (TSPO) were observed. Knockdown Nnat or overexpression of TSPO significantly reversed the effect of Ad@Gel on improving mitochondrial damage. In addition, knockdown Nnat also significantly reversed the effect of Ad@Gel on lipid metabolism. The results suggest that the effect of Ad on DKD may be achieved by activating Nnat to improve lipid metabolism and inhibit TSPO activity, thereby enhancing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Da Zhong
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Weichang Xie
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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22
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Chang R, Chen JL, Zhang GY, Li Y, Duan HZ, Luo SZ, Chen YX. Intrinsically Disordered Protein Condensate-Modified Surface for Mitigation of Biofouling and Foreign Body Response. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12147-12157. [PMID: 35767424 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitigation of biofouling and the host's foreign body response (FBR) is a critical challenge with biomedical implants. The surface coating with various anti-fouling materials provides a solution to overcome it, but limited options in clinic and their potential immunogenicity drive the development of more alternative coating materials. Herein, inspired by liquid-liquid phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to form separated condensates in physiological conditions, we develop a new type of low-fouling biomaterial based on flexible IDP of FUS protein containing rich hydrophilic residues. A chemical structure-defined FUS IDP sequence tagged with a tetra-cysteine motif (IDPFUS) was engineered and applied for covalent immobilization on various surfaces to form a uniform layer of protein tangles, which boosted strong hydration on surfaces, as revealed by molecular dynamics simulation. The IDPFUS-coated surfaces displayed excellent performance in resisting adsorption of various proteins and adhesion of different cells, platelets, and bacteria. Moreover, the IDPFUS-coated implants largely mitigated the host's FBR compared with bare implants and particularly outperformed PEG-coated implants in reducing collagen encapsulation. Thus, this novel low-fouling and anti-FBR strategy provides a potential surface coating material for biomedical implants, which will also shed light on exploring similar applications of other IDP proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Lin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.,State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Guan-Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hua-Zhen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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Rodriguez J, Dhanjee HH, Pentelute BL, Buchwald SL. Palladium Mediated Synthesis of Protein-Polyarene Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11706-11712. [PMID: 35749644 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst transfer polymerization (CTP) is widely applied to the synthesis of well-defined π-conjugated polymers. Unlike other polymerization reactions that can be performed in water (e.g., controlled radical polymerizations and ring-opening polymerizations), CTP has yet to be adapted for the modification of biopolymers. Here, we report the use of protein-palladium oxidative addition complexes (OACs) that enable catalyst transfer polymerization to furnish protein-polyarene conjugates. These polymerizations occur with electron-deficient monomers in aqueous buffers open to air at mild (≤37 °C) temperatures with full conversion of the protein OAC and an average polymer length of nine repeating units. Proteins with polyarene chains terminated with palladium OACs can be readily isolated. Direct evidence of protein-polyarene OAC formation was obtained using mass spectrometry, and all protein-polyarene chain ends were uniformly functionalized via C-S arylation to terminate the polymerization with a small molecule thiol or a cysteine-containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Rodriguez
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heemal H Dhanjee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States.,Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Aglycone sterics-selective enzymatic glycan remodeling. iScience 2022; 25:104578. [PMID: 35789841 PMCID: PMC9249669 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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25
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Moncalvo F, Lacroce E, Franzoni G, Altomare A, Fasoli E, Aldini G, Sacchetti A, Cellesi F. Selective Protein Conjugation of Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate) and Poly(polyethylene glycol methacrylate) with Tunable Topology via Reductive Amination with Multifunctional ATRP Initiators for Activity Preservation. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Moncalvo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Elisa Lacroce
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Giulia Franzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Alessandra Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Fasoli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy
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26
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Liu Y, Ba F, Liu WQ, Wu C, Li J. Plug-and-Play Functionalization of Protein–Polymer Conjugates for Tunable Catalysis Enabled by Genetically Encoded “Click” Chemistry. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fang Ba
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changzhu Wu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jian Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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27
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Zhang C, Lu H. Helical Nonfouling Polypeptides for Biomedical Applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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28
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Davari N, Bakhtiary N, Khajehmohammadi M, Sarkari S, Tolabi H, Ghorbani F, Ghalandari B. Protein-Based Hydrogels: Promising Materials for Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:986. [PMID: 35267809 PMCID: PMC8914701 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The successful design of a hydrogel for tissue engineering requires a profound understanding of its constituents' structural and molecular properties, as well as the proper selection of components. If the engineered processes are in line with the procedures that natural materials undergo to achieve the best network structure necessary for the formation of the hydrogel with desired properties, the failure rate of tissue engineering projects will be significantly reduced. In this review, we examine the behavior of proteins as an essential and effective component of hydrogels, and describe the factors that can enhance the protein-based hydrogels' structure. Furthermore, we outline the fabrication route of protein-based hydrogels from protein microstructure and the selection of appropriate materials according to recent research to growth factors, crucial members of the protein family, and their delivery approaches. Finally, the unmet needs and current challenges in developing the ideal biomaterials for protein-based hydrogels are discussed, and emerging strategies in this area are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyousha Davari
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 143951561, Iran;
| | - Negar Bakhtiary
- Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115114, Iran
| | - Mehran Khajehmohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd 8174848351, Iran;
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 8916877391, Iran
| | - Soulmaz Sarkari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran;
| | - Hamidreza Tolabi
- New Technologies Research Center (NTRC), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 158754413, Iran;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 158754413, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ghorbani
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Behafarid Ghalandari
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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29
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Deng F, Yang M, Zhang Y, Wu X, Ma R, Ma F, Shi L. One-pot synthesis of high-concentration mixed-shell polymeric micelles as nanochaperones for the renaturation of bulk proteins. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01404h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot synthesis of high-concentration mixed-shell polymeric micelles and synthetic nanoparticles can be used to assist the refolding of bulk denatured proteins and stabilize native proteins for long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Menglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Rujiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Feihe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Linqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
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30
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Kumar D, Mohammad SA, Kumar A, Mane SR, Banerjee S. Amino acid-derived ABCBA-type antifouling biohybrid with multi-stimuli responsivity and contaminant removal capability. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multi-stimuli (pH/thermo/redox)-responsive amphiphilic poly(cysteine methacrylamide)-block-poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block-polybutadiene-block-poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(cysteine methacrylamide) (PCysMAM-b-PDMAEMA-b-PB-b-PDMAEMA-b-PCysMAM) pentablock copolymer biohybrids, based on hydrophobic PB, ampholytic redox responsive PCysMAM and dual (pH and temperature) stimuli responsive PDMAEMA segments,...
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31
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Song Y, Dong CM. Sugar-dependent targeting and immune adjuvant effects of hyperbranched glycosylated polypeptide nanoparticles for ovalbumin delivery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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33
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Yang G, Zhu Y, Li X, Huang J, Xu X, Ji X, Wang A, Cheng J, Pan G. Double perovskite microcrystals-based white light-emitting diodes without reabsorption of multiphase phosphors. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:6043-6046. [PMID: 34913914 DOI: 10.1364/ol.446314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, Tb3+ ions are incorporated into Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6:Bi double perovskite microcrystals via a re-crystallization method. Tb3+ ions doping not only makes the white light spectrum adjustable, but also maintains the high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). The optimal value of PLQY is 95%. These are comparable to the current highest values. Noteworthy is that, intrinsic emission of Tb3+ ions is attributed to the effective energy transfer from the trapped exciton state of the double perovskite host to Tb3+ ions. Finally, mixing 30% Tb3+ alloyed Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6:Bi and Cs2NaInCl6:10%Sb phosphors, a series of double-perovskite-based white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are prepared. The color coordinates of the best WLEDs are (0.34, 0.32), the lumen efficiency is 42 lm/W, and the color rendering index is 94.3. It is worth mentioning here that there is no blue light loss caused by energy reabsorption between the two phosphors, because the excitation wavelengths of the two phosphors are concentrated in the ultraviolet band. This work provides a new strategy for preparing high-performance WLED.
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34
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Zhang J, Sun Y, Qu Q, Li B, Zhang L, Gu R, Zuo J, Wei W, Ma C, Liu L, Liu K, Li J, Zhang H. Engineering non-covalently assembled protein nanoparticles for long-acting gouty arthritis therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9923-9931. [PMID: 34842263 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01760h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As an incurable metabolic disease, gouty arthritis (GA) requires long-term treatment with frequent drug administration several times per day. Compared to non-specific small organic medications, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) blocking therapies, such as IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), show great therapeutic potential in clinical trials of GA. However, IL-1Ra application is starkly limited due to its short half-life and poor bioavailability. Herein, we demonstrate a new type of nanotherapeutic formulation via noncovalent assembly of an engineered IL-1Ra chimera protein. PEGylation was employed to induce such assembly by exploiting electrostatic complexation and hydrophobic interactions. The engineered protein nanoparticles had a combination of biocompatibility, improved bioavailability and therapeutic performance. It showed extraordinary long-term anti-inflammatory effect and robust bio-efficacy for GA therapy in acute GA rat models. Strikingly, this nanoprotein system possesses an ultralong half-life of 27 hours and a bioavailability 7 times higher than that of pristine IL-1Ra, thus extending the dosing interval from several hours to more than 3 days. Therefore, our noncovalent assembly strategy via an engineered chimeric protein empowers the construction of potent delivery nanosystems for efficient GA treatment, and this might be adapted for other therapeutics to form long-acting formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.,State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qian Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China.
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jianlin Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130061, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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35
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Du C, Zhou L, Qian J, He M, Zhang ZG, Feng C, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Dong CM. Ultrasmall Zwitterionic Polypeptide-Coordinated Nanohybrids for Highly Efficient Cancer Photothermal Ferrotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44002-44012. [PMID: 34494817 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis therapy (FT) based on the Fenton reaction of ferrous nanoparticles has been becoming a unique strategy for cancer treatment; however, current ferrous nanoparticles suffer from slower Fenton reaction kinetics, lower ferroptosis efficacy, and long-term toxicity, so it is urgent to construct biocompatible ferrous nanomaterials with highly efficient Fenton reaction activity for cancer FT. Inspired by single-atom catalysis and size-determined tumor penetration, we conceived an innovative strategy for constructing ultrasmall zwitterionic polypeptide-coordinated nanohybrids of PCGA@FeNP with about 6 nm by utilizing thiol/hydroxyl-iron cooperative coordination chemistry. The ultrasmall size, unsaturated ferrous coordination, and intracellular acidic pH could accelerate the Fenton reaction, thus boosting the efficacy of ferroptosis. Moreover, those coordinated nanohybrids exhibited prominent photothermia with 59.5% conversion efficiency, further accelerating the Fenton reaction and inducing a synergistic effect between FT and photothermal therapy (PTT). In vitro and in vivo GPX-4 expression ascertained that PCGA@FeNP indeed induced effective FT and synergistic FT-PTT. Remarkably, in vivo FT-PTT completely ablated 4T1 solid tumors by one treatment, presenting outstanding and synergistic antitumor efficacy via the photothermia-boosted ferroptosis and apoptosis pathways. This work supplies a practicable strategy to fabricate ultrasmall zwitterionic coordination nanohybrids for highly efficient cancer FT and FT-PTT theranostics with potential clinical transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiwen Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Chang-Ming Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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36
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Kiran P, Khan A, Neekhra S, Pallod S, Srivastava R. Nanohybrids as Protein-Polymer Conjugate Multimodal Therapeutics. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 3:676025. [PMID: 35047929 PMCID: PMC8757875 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.676025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein therapeutic formulations are being widely explored as multifunctional nanotherapeutics. Challenges in ensuring susceptibility and efficacy of nanoformulation still prevail owing to various interactions with biological fluids before reaching the target site. Smart polymers with the capability of masking drugs, ease of chemical modification, and multi-stimuli responsiveness can assist controlled delivery. An active moiety like therapeutic protein has started to be known as an important biological formulation with a diverse medicinal prospect. The delivery of proteins and peptides with high target specificity has however been tedious, due to their tendency to aggregate formation in different environmental conditions. Proteins due to high chemical reactivity and poor bioavailability are being researched widely in the field of nanomedicine. Clinically, multiple nano-based formulations have been explored for delivering protein with different carrier systems. A biocompatible and non-toxic polymer-based delivery system serves to tailor the polymer or drug better. Polymers not only aid delivery to the target site but are also responsible for proper stearic orientation of proteins thus protecting them from internal hindrances. Polymers have been shown to conjugate with proteins through covalent linkage rendering stability and enhancing therapeutic efficacy prominently when dealing with the systemic route. Here, we present the recent developments in polymer-protein/drug-linked systems. We aim to address questions by assessing the properties of the conjugate system and optimized delivery approaches. Since thorough characterization is the key aspect for technology to enter into the market, correlating laboratory research with commercially available formulations will also be presented in this review. By examining characteristics including morphology, surface properties, and functionalization, we will expand different hybrid applications from a biomaterial stance applied in in vivo complex biological conditions. Further, we explore understanding related to design criteria and strategies for polymer-protein smart nanomedicines with their potential prophylactic theranostic applications. Overall, we intend to highlight protein-drug delivery through multifunctional smart polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kiran
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Amreen Khan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Center for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Suditi Neekhra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Shubham Pallod
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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37
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Varlas S, Maitland GL, Derry MJ. Protein-, (Poly)peptide-, and Amino Acid-Based Nanostructures Prepared via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2603. [PMID: 34451144 PMCID: PMC8402019 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides, built from precisely defined amino acid sequences, are an important class of biomolecules that play a vital role in most biological functions. Preparation of nanostructures through functionalization of natural, hydrophilic proteins/peptides with synthetic polymers or upon self-assembly of all-synthetic amphiphilic copolypept(o)ides and amino acid-containing polymers enables access to novel protein-mimicking biomaterials with superior physicochemical properties and immense biorelevant scope. In recent years, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has been established as an efficient and versatile alternative method to existing self-assembly procedures for the reproducible development of block copolymer nano-objects in situ at high concentrations and, thus, provides an ideal platform for engineering protein-inspired nanomaterials. In this review article, the different strategies employed for direct construction of protein-, (poly)peptide-, and amino acid-based nanostructures via PISA are described with particular focus on the characteristics of the developed block copolymer assemblies, as well as their utilization in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Georgia L Maitland
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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38
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Mohammad SA, Dolui S, Kumar D, Mane SR, Banerjee S. l-Histidine-Derived Smart Antifouling Biohybrid with Multistimuli Responsivity. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3941-3949. [PMID: 34347452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel dual pH/thermoresponsive amphiphilic poly(histidine methacrylamide)-block-hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-block-poly(histidine methacrylamide) (PHisMAM-b-PB-b-PHisMAM) triblock copolymer biohybrid, composed of hydrophobic PB and ampholytic PHisMAM segments, is developed via direct switching from living anionic polymerization to recyclable nanoparticle catalyst-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). The transformation involved in situ postpolymerization modification of living polybutadiene-based carbanionic species, end-capped with ethylene oxide, into dihydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and a subsequent reaction with 2-bromo-2-methylpropionyl bromide resulting in a telechelic ATRP macroinitiator (Br-PB-Br). Br-PB-Br was used to mediate RDRP of an l-histidine-derived monomer, HisMAM, yielding a series of PHisMAM-b-PB-b-PHisMAM triblock copolymers. The copolymer's stimuli response was assessed against pH and temperature changes. The copolymer is capable of switching among its zwitterionic, anionic, and cationic forms and exhibited unique antifouling properties in its zwitterionic form. These novel triblock copolymers are expected to be show promising potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Arif Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur 492015, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Subrata Dolui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur 492015, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur 492015, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shivshankar R Mane
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Sanjib Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Raipur 492015, Chhattisgarh, India
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Sun J, Liu X, Guo J, Zhao W, Gao W. Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxaldehyde-Enabled N-Terminal In Situ Growth of Polymer-Interferon α Conjugates with Significantly Improved Pharmacokinetics and In Vivo Bioactivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:88-96. [PMID: 33382581 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-protein conjugates are a class of biohybrids with unique properties that are highly useful in biomedicine ranging from protein therapeutics to biomedical imaging; however, it remains a considerable challenge to conjugate polymers to proteins in a site-specific, mild, and efficient way to form polymer-protein conjugates with uniform structures and properties and optimal functions. Herein we report pyridine-2,6-dicarboxaldehyde (PDA)-enabled N-terminal modification of proteins with polymerization initiators for in situ growth of poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) conjugates uniquely at the N-termini of a range of natural and recombinant proteins in a mild and efficient fashion. The formed POEGMA-protein conjugates showed highly retained in vitro bioactivity as compared with free proteins. Notably, the in vitro bioactivity of a POEGMA-interferon α (IFN) conjugate synthesized by this new chemistry is 8.1-fold higher than that of PEGASYS that is a commercially available and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved PEGylated IFN. The circulation half-life of the conjugate is similar to that of PEGASYS but is 46.2 times longer than that of free IFN. Consequently, the conjugate exhibits considerably improved antiviral bioactivity over free IFN and even PEGASYS in a mouse model. These results indicate that the PDA-enabled N-terminal grafting-from method is applicable to a number of proteins whose active sites are far away from the N-terminus for the synthesis of N-terminal polymer-protein conjugates with high yield, well-retained activity, and considerably improved pharmacology for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianwen Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenguo Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Peng W, Cai Y, Fanslau L, Vana P. Nanoengineering with RAFT polymers: from nanocomposite design to applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool for the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks that can be used for the construction of well-defined nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fanslau
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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