1
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Zhou S, Li A, Zhao L, Li Y, Xu X, Jin Y. Single-Cell Sensitive Colorimetric pH Detection Based on Microscope Ratiometric Grayscale. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22240-22247. [PMID: 38799348 PMCID: PMC11112558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of the intracellular pH is critical in the field of biomedicine. In this work, we effectively identified and quantified the intracellular pH and its distribution at the single-cell level using an image sensor based on an ordinary bright-field optical microscope that divided the cell staining images into their red (R) and blue (B) channels. The grayscale of the R and B channels was subjected to a ratiometric operation to generate ratiometric grayscale cell images of the microscope. A standard curve of pH against ratiometric grayscale curve was then obtained by incubating HeLa cells at pH 6.00-7.60 in a high concentration K+ ion buffer solution containing nigericin for obtaining certain intracellular pH values. A good correlation was evidenced between pH and the ratiometric grayscale of the R and B channels in the pH range of 6.00-7.60. Subsequently, the intracellular pH value of the A549 cells under the experimental conditions was measured to be 7.22 ± 0.01 by the method. Furthermore, the changes in the intracellular pH of HeLa cells stimulated with hydrogen peroxide were sensitively monitored, which demonstrated the applicability of the method. Due to its ease of use, the developed colorimetric microscopy pH detection and monitoring method provide prospects for pH-related single-cell studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Anqi Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Linying Zhao
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yanwen Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging,
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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2
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Shi L, Zhao W, Jiu Z, Guo J, Zhu Q, Sun Y, Zhu B, Chang J, Xin P. Redox-Regulated Synthetic Channels: Enabling Reversible Ion Transport by Modulating the Ion-Permeation Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403667. [PMID: 38407803 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural redox-regulated channel proteins often utilize disulfide bonds as redox sensors for adaptive regulation of channel conformations in response to diverse physiological environments. In this study, we developed novel synthetic ion channels capable of reversibly switching their ion-transport capabilities by incorporating multiple disulfide bonds into artificial systems. X-ray structural analysis and electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that these disulfide-bridged molecules possess well-defined tubular cavities and can be efficiently inserted into lipid bilayers to form artificial ion channels. More importantly, the disulfide bonds in these molecules serve as redox-tunable switches to regulate the formation and disruption of ion-permeation pathways, thereby achieving a transition in the transmembrane transport process between the ON and OFF states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhihui Jiu
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Centre in Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Qiuhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yonghui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Pengyang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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3
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Li C, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Yan J, Liu S, Xu J, Fa S, Yan T, Zhu D, Yan Y, Liu J. Molecular Motor-Driven Light-Controlled Logic-Gated K + Channel for Cancer Cell Apoptosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312352. [PMID: 38301140 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Developing artificial ion transport systems, which process complicated information and step-wise regulate properties, is essential for deeply comprehending the subtle dynamic behaviors of natural channel proteins (NCPs). Here a photo-controlled logic-gated K+ channel based on single-chain random heteropolymers containing molecular motors, exhibiting multi-core processor-like properties to step-wise control ion transport is reported. Designed with oxygen, deoxygenation, and different wavelengths of light as input signals, complicated logical circuits comprising "YES", "AND", "OR" and "NOT" gate components are established. Implementing these logical circuits with K+ transport efficiencies as output signals, multiple state transitions including "ON", "Partially OFF" and "Totally OFF" in liposomes and cancer cells are realized, further causing step-wise anticancer treatments. Dramatic K+ efflux in the "ON" state (decrease by 50% within 7 min) significantly induces cancer cell apoptosis. This integrated logic-gated strategy will be expanded toward understanding the delicate mechanism underlying NCPs and treating cancer or other diseases is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yaqi Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yihang Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Shengda Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Jiayun Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Shixin Fa
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Tengfei Yan
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Dingcheng Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yi Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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4
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Huang WL, Wang XD, Ao YF, Wang QQ, Wang DX. Mimicking the Shape and Function of the ClC Chloride Channel Selective Pore by Combining a Molecular Hourglass Shape with Anion-π Interactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304222. [PMID: 38270386 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
ClC is the main family of natural chloride channel proteins that transport Cl- across the cell membrane with high selectivity. The chloride transport and selectivity are determined by the hourglass-shaped pore and the filter located in the central and narrow region of the pore. Artificial unimolecular channel that mimics both the shape and function of the ClC selective pore is attractive, because it could provide simple molecular model to probe the intriguing mechanism and structure-function relevance of ClC. Here we elaborated upon the concept of molecular hourglass plus anion-π interactions for this purpose. The concept was validated by experimental results of molecular hourglasses using shape-persistent 1,3-alternate tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]triazine as the central macrocyclic skeleton to control the conductance and selectivity, and anion-π interactions as the driving force to facilitate the chloride dehydration and movement along the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Fei Ao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Qiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - De-Xian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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5
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Peng Z, Iwabuchi S, Izumi K, Takiguchi S, Yamaji M, Fujita S, Suzuki H, Kambara F, Fukasawa G, Cooney A, Di Michele L, Elani Y, Matsuura T, Kawano R. Lipid vesicle-based molecular robots. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:996-1029. [PMID: 38239102 PMCID: PMC10898420 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00860f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A molecular robot, which is a system comprised of one or more molecular machines and computers, can execute sophisticated tasks in many fields that span from nanomedicine to green nanotechnology. The core parts of molecular robots are fairly consistent from system to system and always include (i) a body to encapsulate molecular machines, (ii) sensors to capture signals, (iii) computers to make decisions, and (iv) actuators to perform tasks. This review aims to provide an overview of approaches and considerations to develop molecular robots. We first introduce the basic technologies required for constructing the core parts of molecular robots, describe the recent progress towards achieving higher functionality, and subsequently discuss the current challenges and outlook. We also highlight the applications of molecular robots in sensing biomarkers, signal communications with living cells, and conversion of energy. Although molecular robots are still in their infancy, they will unquestionably initiate massive change in biomedical and environmental technology in the not too distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zugui Peng
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Shoji Iwabuchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Kayano Izumi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Sotaro Takiguchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Misa Yamaji
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Shoko Fujita
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Harune Suzuki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Fumika Kambara
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
| | - Genki Fukasawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Aileen Cooney
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Lorenzo Di Michele
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
- FabriCELL, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Yuval Elani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- FabriCELL, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Tomoaki Matsuura
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawano
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo185-8588, Japan.
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6
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Zhong Q, Cao Y, Xie X, Wu Y, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Jia C, Wu Z, Xin P, Yan X, Zeng Z, Ren C. Non-Covalently Stapled H + /Cl - Ion Channels Activatable by Visible Light for Targeted Anticancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314666. [PMID: 37864456 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of stimuli-responsive artificial H+ /Cl- ion channels, capable of specifically disturbing the intracellular ion homeostasis of cancer cells, presents an intriguing opportunity for achieving high selectivity in cancer therapy. Herein, we describe a novel family of non-covalently stapled self-assembled artificial channels activatable by biocompatible visible light at 442 nm, which enables the co-transport of H+ /Cl- across the membrane with H+ /Cl- transport selectivity of 6.0. Upon photoirradiation of the caged C4F-L for 10 min, 90 % of ion transport efficiency can be restored, giving rise to a 10.5-fold enhancement in cytotoxicity against human colorectal cancer cells (IC50 =8.5 μM). The mechanism underlying cancer cell death mediated by the H+ /Cl- channels involves the activation of the caspase 9 apoptosis pathway as well as the scarcely reported disruption of the autophagic processes. In the absence of photoirradiation, C4F-L exhibits minimal toxicity towards normal intestine cells, even at a concentration of 200 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishuo Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of, Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of, Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Xiaopan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA (National Medical Products Administration) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Yuhang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Pengyang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA (National Medical Products Administration) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Changliang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of, Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
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7
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Chen YF, Hsieh CL, Lin PY, Liu YC, Lee MJ, Lee LR, Zheng S, Lin YL, Huang YL, Chen JT. Guard Cell-Inspired Ion Channels: Harnessing the Photomechanical Effect via Supramolecular Assembly of Cross-Linked Azobenzene/Polymers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305317. [PMID: 37670223 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive ion nanochannels have attracted considerable attention in various fields because of their remote controllability of ionic transportation. For photoresponsive ion nanochannels, however, achieving precise regulation of ion conductivity is still challenging, primarily due to the difficulty of programmable structural changes in confined environments. Moreover, the relationship between noncontact photo-stimulation in nanoscale and light-induced ion conductivity has not been well understood. In this work, a versatile design for fabricating guard cell-inspired photoswitchable ion channels is presented by infiltrating azobenzene-cross-linked polymer (AAZO-PDAC) into nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. The azobenzene-cross-linked polymer is formed by azobenzene chromophore (AAZO)-cross-linked poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC) with electrostatic interactions. Under UV irradiation, the trans-AAZO isomerizes to the cis-AAZO, causing the volume compression of the polymer network, whereas, in darkness, the cis-AAZO reverts to the trans-AAZO, leading to the recovery of the structure. Consequently, the resultant nanopore sizes can be manipulated by the photomechanical effect of the AAZO-PDAC polymers. By adding ionic liquids, the ion conductivity of the light-driven ion nanochannels can be controlled with good repeatability and fast responses (within seconds) in multiple cycles. The ion channels have promising potential in the applications of biomimetic materials, sensors, and biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Min-Jie Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Ruei Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
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8
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de Jong J, Bos JE, Wezenberg SJ. Stimulus-Controlled Anion Binding and Transport by Synthetic Receptors. Chem Rev 2023; 123:8530-8574. [PMID: 37342028 PMCID: PMC10347431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Anionic species are omnipresent and involved in many important biological processes. A large number of artificial anion receptors has therefore been developed. Some of these are capable of mediating transmembrane transport. However, where transport proteins can respond to stimuli in their surroundings, creation of synthetic receptors with stimuli-responsive functions poses a major challenge. Herein, we give a full overview of the stimulus-controlled anion receptors that have been developed thus far, including their application in membrane transport. In addition to their potential operation as membrane carriers, the use of anion recognition motifs in forming responsive membrane-spanning channels is discussed. With this review article, we intend to increase interest in transmembrane transport among scientists working on host-guest complexes and dynamic functional systems in order to stimulate further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Biophysical quantification of unitary solute and solvent permeabilities to enable translation to membrane science. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Kumari H, Negin S, Eisenhart A, Patel MB, Beck TL, Heinrich F, Spikes HJ, Gokel GW. Assessment of a host-guest interaction in a bilayer membrane model. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32046-32055. [PMID: 36415550 PMCID: PMC9648047 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular interactions are well recognized and many of them have been extensively studied in chemistry. The formation of supramolecular complexes that rely on weak force interactions are less well studied in bilayer membranes. Herein, a supported bilayer membrane is used to probe the penetration of a complex between tetracycline and a macrocyclic polyether. In a number of bacterial systems, the presence of the macrocycle has been found to significantly enhance the potency of the antimicrobial in vitro. The crown·tetracycline complex has been characterized in solution, neutron reflectometry has probed complex penetration, and the phenomena have been modeled by computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Kumari
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA 45267-0514
| | - Saeedeh Negin
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis 1 University Blvd. St. Louis MO 63121 USA
| | | | - Mohit B Patel
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis 1 University Blvd. St. Louis MO 63121 USA
| | - Thomas L Beck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati OH 45267 USA
- National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA
| | - Helena J Spikes
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis 1 University Blvd. St. Louis MO 63121 USA
| | - George W Gokel
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis 1 University Blvd. St. Louis MO 63121 USA
- Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis 1 University Blvd. St. Louis MO 63121 USA
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11
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Formation of supramolecular channels by reversible unwinding-rewinding of bis(indole) double helix via ion coordination. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6507. [PMID: 36316309 PMCID: PMC9622825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive reversible transformation between two structural conformers is an essential process in many biological systems. An example of such a process is the conversion of amyloid-β peptide into β-sheet-rich oligomers, which leads to the accumulation of insoluble amyloid in the brain, in Alzheimer's disease. To reverse this unique structural shift and prevent amyloid accumulation, β-sheet breakers are used. Herein, we report a series of bis(indole)-based biofunctional molecules, which form a stable double helix structure in the solid and solution state. In presence of chloride anion, the double helical structure unwinds to form an anion-coordinated supramolecular polymeric channel, which in turn rewinds upon the addition of Ag+ salts. Moreover, the formation of the anion-induced supramolecular ion channel results in efficient ion transport across lipid bilayer membranes with excellent chloride selectivity. This work demonstrates anion-cation-assisted stimulus-responsive unwinding and rewinding of artificial double-helix systems, paving way for smart materials with better biomedical applications.
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Sato K, Sasaki R, Matsuda R, Nakagawa M, Ekimoto T, Yamane T, Ikeguchi M, Tabata KV, Noji H, Kinbara K. Supramolecular Mechanosensitive Potassium Channel Formed by Fluorinated Amphiphilic Cyclophane. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11802-11809. [PMID: 35727684 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by mechanosensitive potassium channels found in nature, we developed a fluorinated amphiphilic cyclophane composed of fluorinated rigid aromatic units connected via flexible hydrophilic octa(ethylene glycol) chains. Microscopic and emission spectroscopic studies revealed that the cyclophane could be incorporated into the hydrophobic layer of the lipid bilayer membranes and self-assembled to form a supramolecular transmembrane ion channel. Current recording measurements using cyclophane-containing planer lipid bilayer membranes successfully demonstrated an efficient transmembrane ion transport. We also demonstrated that the ion transport property was sensitive to the mechanical forces applied to the membranes. In addition, ion transport assays using pH-sensitive fluorescence dye revealed that the supramolecular channel possesses potassium ion selectivity. We also performed all-atom hybrid quantum-mechanical/molecular mechanical simulations to assess the channel structures at atomic resolution and the mechanism of selective potassium ion transport. This research demonstrated the first example of a synthetic mechanosensitive potassium channel, which would open a new door to sensing and manipulating biologically important processes and purification of key materials in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Ryoto Matsuda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mayuko Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toru Ekimoto
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yamane
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Ikeguchi
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhito V Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Noji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazushi Kinbara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.,World Research Hub Initiative, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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13
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Yuan L, Jiang P, Hu J, Zeng H, Huo Y, Li Z, Zeng H. A highly active and selective chalcogen bond-mediated perchlorate channel. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Li S, Wu L, Zhu M, Cheng X, Jiang X. Effect of dipole potential on the orientation of Voltage-gated Alamethicin peptides regulated by chaotropic anions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Macreadie LK, Gilchrist AM, McNaughton DA, Ryder WG, Fares M, Gale PA. Progress in anion receptor chemistry. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Malla JA, Ahmad M, Talukdar P. Molecular Self-Assembly as a Tool to Construct Transmembrane Supramolecular Ion Channels. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100225. [PMID: 34766703 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly has become a powerful tool for building various supramolecular architectures with applications in material science, environmental science, and chemical biology. One such area is the development of artificial transmembrane ion channels that mimic naturally occurring channel-forming proteins to unveil various structural and functional aspects of these complex biological systems, hoping to replace the defective protein channels with these synthetically accessible moieties. This account describes our recent approaches to construct supramolecular ion channels using synthetic molecules and their applications in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Ahmad Malla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
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17
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Akhtar N, Biswas O, Manna D. Stimuli-responsive transmembrane anion transport by AIE-active fluorescent probes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7446-7459. [PMID: 34612363 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer drug resistance implicates multifunctional mechanisms, and hypoxia is one of the key factors in therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia-specific therapy is considered an extremely effective strategy to fight against cancer. The development of small molecule-based synthetic anion transporters has also recently drawn attention for their potential therapeutic applications against several ion-transport-associated diseases, such as cancer and others. Herein, we describe the development of a hypoxia-responsive proanionophore to trigger controlled transport of anions across membranes under pathogenic conditions. Herein, we report the development of tetraphenylethene (TPE)-based anion transporters. The sulfonium-linked p-nitrobenzyl containing TPE-based proanionophore could be converted into a lipophilic fluorescent Cl- ion carrier in a hypoxic or reductive environment. Stimuli such as nitroreductase (NTR) and glutathione (GSH) mediated regeneration of the TPE-based active Cl- ion transporter also showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. We hypothesize that such hypoxia and reductive stimuli activatable proanionophores have tremendous potential to fight against channelopathies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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18
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Bickerton LE, Johnson TG, Kerckhoffs A, Langton MJ. Supramolecular chemistry in lipid bilayer membranes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11252-11274. [PMID: 34567493 PMCID: PMC8409493 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid bilayer membranes form compartments requisite for life. Interfacing supramolecular systems, including receptors, catalysts, signal transducers and ion transporters, enables the function of the membrane to be controlled in artificial and living cellular compartments. In this perspective, we take stock of the current state of the art of this rapidly expanding field, and discuss prospects for the future in both fundamental science and applications in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Bickerton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Toby G Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Aidan Kerckhoffs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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19
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Yan ZJ, Li YW, Yang M, Fu YH, Wen R, Wang W, Li ZT, Zhang Y, Hou JL. Voltage-Driven Flipping of Zwitterionic Artificial Channels in Lipid Bilayers to Rectify Ion Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11332-11336. [PMID: 34270229 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We developed a voltage-sensitive artificial transmembrane channel by mimicking the dipolar structure of natural alamethicin channel. The artificial channel featured a zwitterionic structure and could undergo voltage-driven flipping in the lipid bilayers. Importantly, this flipping of the channel could lead to their directional alignment in the bilayers and rectifying behavior for ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Jun Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ya-Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Maohua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong-Hong Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rongrong Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Sasaki R, Sato K, Tabata KV, Noji H, Kinbara K. Synthetic Ion Channel Formed by Multiblock Amphiphile with Anisotropic Dual-Stimuli-Responsiveness. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1348-1355. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sasaki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhito V. Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Noji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazushi Kinbara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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