1
|
Werner L, Radius U. NHC aluminum chemistry on the rise. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:16436-16454. [PMID: 39225565 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01660b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This perspective highlights recent developments of the use of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (cAACs) in alane and aluminum organyl chemistry. Especially in the last few years this flourishing research field led to some remarkable discoveries including various substitution patterns at the central aluminum atom, different oxidation states, neutral and charged compounds with varying coordination numbers and unique reactivities. Thereby NHCs play a vital role in the stabilization of these otherwise highly reactive compounds, which would not be realizable without the use of this intriguing class of ligands. Nevertheless, main group hydrides and especially NHC ligated alanes also tend to undergo NHC decomposition reactions, which are part of ongoing research and provide important information for NHC research in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Werner
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lau S, Mahon MF, Webster RL. Synthesis and Characterization of a Terminal Iron(II)-PH 2 Complex and a Series of Iron(II)-PH 3 Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6998-7006. [PMID: 38563561 PMCID: PMC11022175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Reported is the reaction of a series of iron(II) bisphosphine complexes with PH3 in the presence of NaBArF4 [where BArF4 = tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate]. The iron(II) bisphosphine reagents bear two chlorides or a hydride and a chloride motif. We have isolated six different cationic terminal-bound PH3 complexes and undertaken rigorous characterization by NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and mass spectrometry, where the PH3 often remains intact during the ionization process. Unusual bis- and tris-PH3 complexes are among the compounds isolated. Changing the monophosphine from PH3 to PMe3 results in the formation of an unusual Fe7 cluster, but with no PMe3 being ligated. Finally, by using an iron(0) source, we have provided a rare example of a terminally bound iron-PH2 complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Szlosek R, Niefanger AS, Balázs G, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Characterization of the Ligand Properties of Donor-stabilized Pnictogenyltrielanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303603. [PMID: 38131435 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A general synthesis and the characterization of novel alkyl-substituted NHC-stabilized pnictogenylboranes NHC ⋅ BH2 ER2 (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene, E=P, As; R2 =Me2 , Ph2 , t BuH, Cy2 , (SiMe3 )2 ) are reported. These compounds were reacted with Ni(CO)4 to the corresponding complexes of the type [(NHC ⋅ BH2 ER2 )Ni(CO)3 ] to determine their donor strength by Tolman Electronic Parameters (TEPs) and their steric demand as ligands compared to classical phosphines, superbasic phosphines and other commonly applied donor systems. The results show that the NHC-stabilized pnictogenyltrielanes can be considered as being highly basic, while their steric influence depends strongly on the organic residues as well as the donor attached to the {BH2 } moiety. Although weaker than commonly used superbasic phosphines, the donor strength of pnictogenyltrielanes in general can be classified as of similar strength as NHCs. The steric and electronic properties can easily be modified by alkyl substitution as evident from the TEP trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szlosek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ackermann MT, Szlosek R, Riesinger C, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. NHC-Stabilized Mixed Group 13/14/15 Element Hydrides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303680. [PMID: 38009601 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts of group 13, 14 and 15 element hydrides are reported. Salt metathesis reactions between NaPH2 and IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) led to mixtures of the two isomers IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 (2 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 (2 b); by altering the reaction conditions an almost exclusive formation of 2 b was achieved. Attempts to purify mixtures of 2 a and 2 b by re-crystallization from THF afforded a salt [IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 ⋅ IDipp][PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ] (4) that contains the novel anionic cyclohexyl-like inorganic heterocycle [PHGeH2 BH2 PH2 BH2 GeH2 ]- . In addition, the borane adducts IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH2 BH3 (3 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2 GeH2 PH2 BH3 (3 b) as even longer chain compounds were obtained from reactions of 2 a/2 b with H3 B ⋅ SMe2 and were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the mechanism and energetics associated with 2 a/2 b isomerization as well as their decomposition pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T Ackermann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Szlosek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Riesinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Szlosek R, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. A General Pathway towards NHC ⋅ GaH 2 (OTf) Adducts - The Key for the Synthesis of NHC-Stabilized Cationic 13/15 Chain Compounds of Gallium. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301752. [PMID: 37401824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A general pathway towards NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene)-stabilized galliummonotriflates NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) (NHC=IDipp, 1 a; IPr2 Me2 , 1 b; IMes, 1 c; IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IPr2 Me2 =1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene, IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene) is reported. Quantum chemical calculations give detailed insight into the underlying reaction pathway. The obtained NHC ⋅ GaH2 (OTf) compounds were employed in reactions with donor-stabilized pnictogenylboranes to synthesize the elusive cationic parent 13/15/13 chain compounds [IDipp ⋅ GaH2 ER2 E'H2 ⋅ D][OTf] (3 a: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=B, R=H; 3 b: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=H, 3 c: D=NMe3 , E=P, E'=B, R=Ph, 3 d: D=IDipp, E=P, E'=Ga, R=H). Supporting computational studies highlight the electronic features of the products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Szlosek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pomogaeva AV, Lisovenko AS, Zavgorodnii AS, Timoshkin AY. Lewis acid stabilized group 13-15 element analogs of ethylene. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:218-228. [PMID: 35435275 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization of hydrogen-substituted group 13-15 compounds H2 EE'H2 (E = B, Al, Ga; E' = P, As, Sb) by Lewis acids is considered at B3LYP/def2-TZVP, B3LYP-D3/def2-TZVP and M06-2X/def2-TZVP levels of theory. It is shown, that for many Lewis acids additional reactivity beyond the DA complex formation with H2 EE'H2 monomer is expected. In case of complexation with E(C6 F5 )3 , F/H exchange reactions with group 13 bound hydrides are predicted to be exothermic and accompanied by the activation energies which are smaller than dissociation of the complex into components. In case of complex formation with transition metal (TM) carbonyls, additional O → Al, TM-C → Al interactions are observed, which in several cases lead to cyclic structures. The most promising candidates for the experimental studies have been identified. Synthetic approaches to the most promising LA-only stabilized compounds are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Pomogaeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna S Lisovenko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem S Zavgorodnii
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dollberg K, Schneider S, Richter R, Dunaj T, von Hänisch C. Synthesis and Application of Alkali Metal Antimonide-A New Approach to Antimony Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213098. [PMID: 36301563 PMCID: PMC10099276 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alkali metal dihydrogen-antimonides [M(L)x SbH2 ], short: alkali metal antimonides (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; 1: L=pmdta; 2: L=crown-ether), were prepared from stibine and n-Butyllithium, M(hmds) (hmds=hexamethyldisilazane) or MOtBu, respectively. We developed a generally applicable synthesis route for these compounds and the obtained compounds were examined on their stability depending on the alkali metal and stabilizing additives used, whereby the use of appropriate crown-ethers allowed their isolation and characterization at room temperature. Moreover, the 1,4-dioxane adduct [Na(dioxane)x SbH2 ] was the appropriate starting compound for the synthesis of the first primary silylstibane (Me3 Si)3 SiSbH2 (3) which was characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy. Reaction of 3 with (Dipp2 NacNac)Ga (Dipp2 NacNac=HC{C(Me)N(Dipp)}2 ; Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) resulted in the formation of (Dipp2 NacNac)GaH(SbHSi(SiMe3 )3 ) (4) which was furthermore characterized by single crystal x-ray diffraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dollberg
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Selina Schneider
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Roman‐Malte Richter
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Tobias Dunaj
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)Philipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gottschling HM, Balmer M, Richter R, von Hänisch C. Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of (SIDipp)AsK – A NHC‐arsinidenyl compound. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Gottschling
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Markus Balmer
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Roman‐Malte Richter
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hood TM, Lau S, Webster RL. Taming PH 3: State of the Art and Future Directions in Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16684-16697. [PMID: 36070395 PMCID: PMC9501927 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Appetite for reactions
involving PH3 has grown in the
past few years. This in part is due to the ability to generate PH3 cleanly and safely via digestion of cheap metal phosphides
with acids, thus avoiding pressurized cylinders and specialized equipment.
In this perspective we highlight current trends in forming new P–C/P–OC
bonds with PH3 and discuss the challenges involved with
selectivity and product separation encumbering these reactions. We
highlight the reactivity of PH3 with main group reagents,
building on the early pioneering work with transition metal complexes
and PH3. Additionally, we highlight the recent renewal
of interest in alkali metal sources of H2P– which are proving to be useful synthons for chemistry across the
periodic table. Such MPH2 sources are being used to generate
the desired products in a more controlled fashion and are allowing
access to unexplored phosphorus-containing species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Lau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth L Webster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Demirer T, Morgenstern B, Andrada DM. Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding Analysis of Lewis Base and Lewis Acid/Base‐Stabilized Phosphanylgallanes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T.Ilgin Demirer
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Chemistry Department Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken GERMANY
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Saarland University: Universitat des Saarlandes Chemistry Department Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken GERMANY
| | - Diego Marcelo Andrada
- Universitat des Saarlandes Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultat Fachberei Chemie Campus C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Haider W, Calvin-Brown MD, Bischoff IA, Huch V, Morgenstern B, Müller C, Sergeieva T, Andrada DM, Schäfer A. Diarylpnictogenyldialkylalanes─Synthesis, Structures, Bonding Analysis, and CO 2 Capture. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1672-1684. [PMID: 34985262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several new diphenylamino- and diphenylphosphanyldialkylalanes are reported, which were characterized in solution and in the solid state, assisted by in-depth bonding analysis within the DFT framework. In the case of bulky alkyl substituents on the aluminum atom, the species are stable in their monomeric form and were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, expanding the relatively small field of monomeric pnictogenylalanes. In the case of oligomeric diphenylpnictogenyldimethylalanes, their reactivity toward different σ-donor ligands was studied, and several examples of monomeric adducts could be structurally characterized, including the first cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene complexes. The reactivity of these CAAC complexes, their oligomeric precursors, and an unstabilized monomeric aminoalane toward CO2 was probed, leading to different insertion products that could be characterized. Additionally, the mechanism was elucidated by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Haider
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Marces Devonne Calvin-Brown
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Inga-Alexandra Bischoff
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Volker Huch
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Carsten Müller
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Tetiana Sergeieva
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Diego M Andrada
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - André Schäfer
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ackermann MT, Seidl M, Wen F, Ferguson MJ, Timoshkin AY, Rivard E, Scheer M. An NHC-Stabilized H 2 GeBH 2 Precursor for the Preparation of Cationic Group 13/14/15 Hydride Chains. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103780. [PMID: 34761837 PMCID: PMC9299135 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and reactivity studies of the NHC-stabilized complex IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) are reported. Nucleophilic substitution of the triflate (OTf) group in 1 by phosphine or arsine donors provides access to the cationic group 13/14/15 chains [IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 ERR1 R2 ]+ (2 E=P; R, R1 =H; R2 =t Bu; 3 E=P; R=H; R1 , R2 =Ph; 4 a E=P; R, R1 , R2 =Ph; 4 b E=As; R, R1 , R2 =Ph). These novel cationic chains were characterized by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the formation of the parent complexes [IDipp ⋅ GeH2 BH2 PH3 ][OTf] (5) and [IDipp ⋅ GeH3 ][OTf] (6) were achieved by reaction of 1 with PH3 . Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the stability of the formed chains with respect to their decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Fuwei Wen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of ChemistrySaint Petersburg State UniversityUniversitetskaya emb. 7/9199034St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta11227 Saskatchewan Dr.EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nees S, Fantuzzi F, Wellnitz T, Fischer M, Siewert J, Goettel JT, Hofmann A, Härterich M, Braunschweig H, Hering‐Junghans C. Cyclische Dipnictadialane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Nees
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer-Straße 42 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein-Straße 3a 18059 Rostock Deutschland
| | - Malte Fischer
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein-Straße 3a 18059 Rostock Deutschland
| | - Jan‐Erik Siewert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) A.-Einstein-Straße 3a 18059 Rostock Deutschland
| | - James T. Goettel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nees S, Fantuzzi F, Wellnitz T, Fischer M, Siewert J, Goettel JT, Hofmann A, Härterich M, Braunschweig H, Hering‐Junghans C. Cyclo-Dipnictadialanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24318-24325. [PMID: 34478231 PMCID: PMC8596407 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Using the AlI precursor Cp3t Al in conjunction with triphosphiranes (PAr)3 (Ar=Mes, Dip, Tip) we have succeeded in preparing Lewis base-free cyclic diphosphadialanes with both the Al and P atoms bearing three substituents. Using the sterically more demanding Dip and Tip substituents the first 1,2-diphospha-3,4-dialuminacyclobutanes were obtained, whereas with Mes substituents [Cp3t Al(μ-PMes)]2 is formed. This divergent reactivity was corroborated by DFT studies, which indicated the thermodynamic preference for the 1,2-diphospha-3,4-dialuminacyclobutane form for sterically more demanding groups on phosphorus. Using Cp*Al we could extend this concept to the corresponding cyclic diarsadialanes [Cp*Al(μ-AsAr)]2 (Ar=Dip, Tip) and additionally add the phosphorus variants [Cp*Al(μ-PAr)]2 (P=Mes, Dip, Tip). The reactivity of one variant [Cp3t Al(μ-PPh)]2 towards NHCs was tested and resulted in double NHC-stabilised [Cp3t (IiPr2 )Al(μ-PPh)]2 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Nees
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT)A.-Einstein-Strasse 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - Malte Fischer
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT)A.-Einstein-Strasse 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - Jan‐Erik Siewert
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT)A.-Einstein-Strasse 3a18059RostockGermany
| | - James T. Goettel
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|