1
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Hou J, Hao W, Chen Y, Wang Z, Yao W. Phosphine-Catalyzed Stereospecific and Enantioselective Desymmetrizative [3+2] Cycloaddition of MBH Carbonates and N-(2- tert-Butylphenyl)maleimides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9068-9077. [PMID: 38822804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report an l-valine-derived amide phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] cyclization of MBH carbonates and N-(2-tert-butylphenyl)maleimides via asymmetric desymmetrization. Bicyclic N-aryl succinimide derivatives bearing three continuous chiral centers with a remote C-N atropisomeric chirality were constructed stereospecifically and enantioselectively. A wide variety of MBH carbonates could be employed in this process to deliver highly optically pure succinimide derivatives in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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2
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Schmidt TA, Hutskalova V, Sparr C. Atroposelective catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2024:10.1038/s41570-024-00618-x. [PMID: 38890539 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomeric compounds-stereoisomers that arise from the restricted rotation about a single bond-have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their immense potential for applications in a variety of fields, including medicinal chemistry, catalysis and molecular nanoscience. This increased interest led to the invention of new molecular motors, the incorporation of atropisomers into drug discovery programmes and a wide range of novel atroposelective reactions, including those that simultaneously control multiple stereogenic axes. A diverse set of synthetic methodologies, which can be grouped into desymmetrizations, (dynamic) kinetic resolutions, cross-coupling reactions and de novo ring formations, is available for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of various atropisomer classes. In this Review, we generalize the concepts for the catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis of atropisomers within these categories with an emphasis on recent advancements and underdeveloped atropisomeric scaffolds beyond stereogenic C(sp2)-C(sp2) axes. We also discuss more complex systems with multiple stereogenic axes or higher-order stereogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanno A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Liu Y, Yuan L, Dai L, Zhu Q, Zhong G, Zeng X. Carbene-Catalyzed Atroposelective Construction of Chiral Diaryl Ethers. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38738853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Atropoisomeric chemotypes of diaryl ethers-related scaffolds are prevalent in naturally active compounds. Nevertheless, there remains considerable research to be carried out on the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of these axially chiral molecules. In this instance, we disclose an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via atroposelective esterification of dialdehyde-containing diaryl ethers. NHC desymmetrization produces axially chiral diaryl ether atropisomers with high yields and enantioselectivities in moderate circumstances. Chiral diaryl ether compounds may be precursors for highly functionalized diaryl ethers with bioactivity and chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Kharkiv Institute at Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lutong Yuan
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo 315200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaohong Zhu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo 315200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zeng
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Wu Y, Guan X, Zhao H, Li M, Liang T, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4564-4570. [PMID: 38516093 PMCID: PMC10952084 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers bearing two potential axes find unique applications in bioactive molecules and catalysis. However, only very few catalytic methods have been developed to construct structurally diverse diaryl ethers. We herein describe an NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification of prochiral dialdehydes, leading to the construction of enantioenriched axially chiral diaryl ethers. Mechanistic studies indicate that the matched kinetic resolutions play an essential role in the challenging chiral induction of flexible dual-axial chirality by removing minor enantiomers via over-functionalization. This protocol features mild conditions, excellent enantioselectivity, broad substrate scope, and applicability to late-stage functionalization, and provides a modular platform for the synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Huaqiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Tianlong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130117 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Molecule Design & Synthesis of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin 130024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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5
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Zhou BA, Li XN, Zhang CL, Wang ZX, Ye S. Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers via NHC Catalyzed Desymmetrization and Following Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314228. [PMID: 38019184 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers are present in numerous natural products and bioactive molecules. However, only few catalytic enantioselective approaches have been established to access diaryl ether atropisomers. Herein, we report the N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via desymmetrization of prochiral 2-aryloxyisophthalaldehydes with aliphatic alcohols, phenol derivatives, and heteroaromatic amines. This reaction features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivity. The utility of this methodology is illustrated by late-stage functionalization, gram-scale synthesis, and diverse enantioretentive transformations. Control experiments and DFT calculations support the association of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization with following kinetic resolution to enhance the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-An Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ning Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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6
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Shee S, Shree Ranganathappa S, Gadhave MS, Gogoi R, Biju AT. Enantioselective Synthesis of C-O Axially Chiral Diaryl Ethers by NHC-Catalyzed Atroposelective Desymmetrization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311709. [PMID: 37986240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral diaryl ethers, a distinguished class of atropisomers possessing unique dual C-O axis, hold immense potential for diverse research domains. In contrast to the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of conventional single axis bearing atropisomers, the atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral ethers containing flexible C-O axis remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the first N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral diaryl ethers via atroposelective esterification of dialdehyde-containing diaryl ethers. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds via NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization strategy to afford the corresponding axially chiral diaryl ether atropisomers in good yields and high enantioselectivities under mild conditions. The derivatization of the synthesized product expands the utility of present strategy via access to a library of C-O axially chiral compounds. The temperature dependency and preliminary investigations on the racemization barrier of C-O bonds are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Shee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Mahesh S Gadhave
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Romin Gogoi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bangalore, India
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7
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Li Y, Zhang M, Zhang Z. Mechanisms and Stereoselectivities in the NHC-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of 2-Bromoenal and 6-Methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12997-13008. [PMID: 37642149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
To disclose the reaction mechanism and selectivity in the NHC-catalyzed reaction of 2-bromoenal and 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde, a systematic computational study has been performed. According to DFT computations, the catalytic cycle is divided into eight elementary steps: nucleophilic attack of the NHC on 2-bromoenal, 1,2-proton transfer, C-Br bond dissociation, 1,3-proton transfer, addition to 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde, [2 + 2] cycloaddition, NHC dissociation, and decarboxylation. The Bronsted acid DABCO·H+ plays a crucial role in proton transfer and decarboxylation steps. The addition to 6-methyluracil-5-carbaldehyde determines both chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity, leading to R-configured carbocycle-fused uracil, in agreement with experimental results. NCI analysis indicates that the CH···N, CH···π, and LP···π interactions should be the key factor for determining the stereoselectivity. ELF analysis shows the main role of the NHC in promoting C-Br bond dissociation. The mechanistic insights obtained in the present work may guide the rational design of potential NHC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
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8
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Wang HY, Li ZC, Zhang CL, Ye S. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral α-Carbolinones via Heterocycle Formation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11913-11923. [PMID: 37498087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral α-carbolinones from α,β-unsaturated iminoindole derivatives and α-chloroaldehydes was developed. The reaction proceeds through a cascade process including [4 + 2] annulation and then oxidative dehydrogenation with concomitant central-to-axial chirality conversion under mild conditions. The developed method opens a new avenue to efficiently access axially chiral α-carbolinones in moderate to good enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chun-Lin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Wang Y, Zhu X, Pan D, Jing J, Wang F, Mi R, Huang G, Li X. Rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective and diastereodivergent access to diaxially chiral heterocycles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4661. [PMID: 37537163 PMCID: PMC10400608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N-N axially chiral biaryls represent a rarely explored class of atropisomers. Reported herein is construction of diverse classes of diaxially chiral biaryls containing N-N and C-N/C-C diaxes in distal positions in excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. The N-N chiral axis in the products provides a handle toward solvent-driven diastereodivergence, as has been realized in the coupling of a large scope of benzamides and sterically hindered alkynes, affording diaxes in complementary diastereoselectivity. The diastereodivergence has been elucidated by computational studies which revealed that the hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent molecule participated in an unusual manner as a solvent as well as a ligand and switched the sequence of two competing elementary steps, resulting in switch of the stereoselectivity of the alkyne insertion and inversion of the configuration of the C-C axis. Further cleavage of the N-directing group in the diaxial chiral products transforms the diastereodivergence to enantiodivergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishou Wang
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Jierui Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, China
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ruijie Mi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xingwei Li
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 710062, Xi'an, China.
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10
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Li Y, Duan XY, Yang C, Wei Y, Li J, Ren X, Qi J. Atroposelective Access to Dihydropyridinones with C-N Axial and Point Chirality via NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37449806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
An N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed atroposelective [3 + 3] annulation of enals with 2-aminomaleate derivatives is described. A series of substituted dihydropyridones bearing both C-N axis and point chirality were synthesized with good diastereo- and enantioselectivity under mild conditions. This efficient strategy successfully superpositions an extra point chiral element with an axial backbone, and the generated structurally interesting atropisomers may have potential application in drug discovery.
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11
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Fischer DM, Freis M, Amberg WM, Lindner H, Carreira EM. Organophotocatalytic carbo-heterofunctionalization of unactivated olefins with pendant nucleophiles. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7256-7261. [PMID: 37416720 PMCID: PMC10321488 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02250a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the difunctionalization of unactivated, terminal olefins through intermolecular addition of α-bromoketones, -esters, and -nitriles followed by formation of 4- to 6-membered heterocycles with pendant nucleophiles. The reaction can be conducted with alcohols, acids, and sulfonamides as nucleophiles furnishing products bearing 1,4 functional group relationships that offer various handles for further manipulation. Salient features of the transformations are the use of 0.5 mol% of a benzothiazinoquinoxaline organophotoredox catalyst and their robustness with respect to air and moisture. Mechanistic investigations are carried out and a catalytic cycle for the reaction is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Fischer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Manuel Freis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Willi M Amberg
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Henry Lindner
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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12
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Geng J, Wei X, He B, Hao Y, Qu J, Wang B. Desymmetrization of Prochiral N-Pyrazolyl Maleimides via Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition with Pyrazolones: Construction of Tri- N-Heterocyclic Scaffolds Bearing Both Central and Axial Chirality. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114279. [PMID: 37298754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The desymmetrization of N-pyrazolyl maleimides was realized through an asymmetric Michael addition by using pyrazolones under mild conditions, leading to the formation of a tri-N-heterocyclic pyrazole-succinimide-pyrazolone assembly in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield, up to 99% ee). The use of a quinine-derived thiourea catalyst was essential for achieving stereocontrol of the vicinal quaternary-tertiary stereocenters together with the C-N chiral axis. Salient features of this protocol included a broad substrate scope, atom economy, mild conditions and simple operation. Moreover, a gram-scale experiment and derivatization of the product further illustrated the practicability and potential application value of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xingfu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Biru He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuting Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
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13
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Wang WK, Bao FY, Wang ST, Zhao SY. Access to 3-Aminomethylated Maleimides via a Phosphine-Catalyzed Aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman Type Coupling. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37114576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A designed method for the preparation of 3-aminomethylated maleimides via Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction was developed. This phosphine-catalyzed coupling adopted maleimides and 1,3,5-triazinanes as the substrate, giving a series of 3-aminomethylated maleimide derivatives with a double bond retained on the maleimide ring in 41-90% yield. Acylation, isomerization, and Michael addition of the obtained products demonstrated the synthetic application of the present protocol. The results of control experiments indicated that phosphorus ylide formation and elimination take place during the reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Fei-Yun Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Si-Tian Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Sheng-Yin Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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14
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Hans AC, Becker PM, Haußmann J, Suhr S, Wanner DM, Lederer V, Willig F, Frey W, Sarkar B, Kästner J, Peters R. A Practical and Robust Zwitterionic Cooperative Lewis Acid/Acetate/Benzimidazolium Catalyst for Direct 1,4-Additions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217519. [PMID: 36651714 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A catalyst type is disclosed allowing for exceptional efficiency in direct 1,4-additions. The catalyst is a zwitterionic entity, in which acetate binds to CuII , which is formally negatively charged and serving as counterion for benzimidazolium. All 3 functionalities are involved in the catalytic activation. For maleimides productivity was increased by a factor >300 compared to literature (TONs up to 6700). High stereoselectivity and productivity was attained for a broad range of other Michael acceptors as well. The polyfunctional catalyst is accessible in only 4 steps from N-Ph-benzimidazole with an overall yield of 96 % and robust during catalysis. This allowed to reuse the same catalyst multiple times with nearly constant efficiency. Mechanistic studies, in particular by DFT, give a detailed picture how the catalyst operates. The benzimidazolium unit stabilizes the coordinated enolate nucleophile and prevents that acetate/acetic acid dissociate from the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas C Hans
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patrick M Becker
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johanna Haußmann
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon Suhr
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniel M Wanner
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vera Lederer
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Willig
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - René Peters
- Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Organische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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15
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Atroposelective desymmetrization of 2-arylresorcinols via Tsuji-Trost allylation. Commun Chem 2023; 6:42. [PMID: 36841918 PMCID: PMC9968306 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has proven to be a powerful method for the preparation of a wide variety of chiral molecules. However, the catalytic and atroposelective allylic alkylation is still rare and challenging, especially for biaryl substrates. Herein, we report the palladium-catalyzed desymmetric and atroposelective allylation, in which the palladium complex with a chiral phosphoramidite ligand enables desymmetrization of nucleophilic 2-arylresorcinols in a highly enantioselective manner. With the aid of the secondary kinetic resolution effect, a wide variety of substrates containing a hydroxymethyl group at the bottom aromatic ring are able to provide O-allylated products up to 98:2 er. Computational studies show an accessible quadrant of the allylpalladium complex and provide three plausible transition states with intra- or intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The energetically favorable transition state is in good agreement with the observed enantioselectivity and suggests that the catalytic reaction would proceed with an intramolecular hydrogen bond.
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16
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Zhang SC, Liu S, Wang X, Wang SJ, Yang H, Li L, Yang B, Wong MW, Zhao Y, Lu S. Enantioselective Access to Triaryl-2-pyrones with Monoaxial or Contiguous C–C Diaxes via Oxidative NHC Catalysis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chen Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shengping Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shao-Jie Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Binmiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Republic of Singapore 117543
| | - Shenci Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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17
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Yang X, Wei L, Wu Y, Zhou L, Zhang X, Chi YR. Atroposelective Access to 1,3-Oxazepine-Containing Bridged Biaryls via Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211977. [PMID: 36087019 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We disclose herein an atroposelective synthesis of novel bridged biaryls containing medium-sized rings via N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis. The reaction starts with addition of the carbene catalyst to the aminophenol-derived aldimine substrate. Subsequent oxidation and intramolecular desymmetrization lead to the formation of 1,3-oxazepine-containing bridged biaryls in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. These novel bridged biaryl products can be readily transformed into chiral phosphite ligands. Preliminary density function theory calculations suggest that the origin of enantioselectivity arises from the more favorable frontier molecular orbital interactions in the transition state leading to the major product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, P. R. China
| | - Liwen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, P. R. China
| | - Yuelin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, P. R. China
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Mathematical Science, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.,Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
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18
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Mondal S, Mukherjee S. Catalytic Generation of Remote C–N Axial Chirality through Atroposelective de novo Arene Construction. Org Lett 2022; 24:8300-8304. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Mondal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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19
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Construction of Non-Biaryl Atropisomeric Amide Scaffolds Bearing a C-N Axis via Enantioselective Catalysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196583. [PMID: 36235120 PMCID: PMC9572367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant scaffold offered by atropisomeric amides with a C–N chiral axis has been extensively utilized for pharmaceuticals, agricultural science, and organic syntheses. As a result, the field of atropisomer synthesis has attracted considerable interest within chemistry communities. To date, a range of catalytic atroposelective approaches has been reported for the efficient construction of these challenging scaffolds. However, greatly concise and highly useful methodologies for the synthesis of these atropisomeric compounds, focusing on transition-metal, chiral amine, and phosphoric acid catalysis reactions, etc., are still desirable. Hence, it is indispensable to succinctly and systematically present all such reports by means of disclosing the mechanistic analysis and application, as well as the challenges and issues associated with the establishment of these atropisomers. In this review, we summarize the development of catalytic asymmetric synthetic strategies to access non-biaryl atropisomers rotating around a C–N chiral axis, including the reaction methods, mechanism, late-stage transformations, and applications.
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20
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Wang G, Huang J, Zhang L, Han J, Zhang X, Huang J, Fu Z, Huang W. N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral 5-aryl 2-pyrones from enals. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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21
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Wang H, Wei Y, Li Y, Long S, Sun LJ, Li S, Lin YW. Phosphine-Catalyzed Atroposelective Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Desymmetrization of N-Arylmaleimides. Org Lett 2022; 24:6494-6498. [PMID: 36069471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a new strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral N-aryl succinimides was devised by [3 + 2] annulation of MBH carbonates and N-aryl maleimides under chiral phosphine. This desymmetrization process allows for quick construction of both two stereogenic carbon centers and a remote CAr-N atropisomeric chirality. A series of structurally diverse N-aryl succinimides were obtained with good to excellent yields, diastereoselectivities, and enantioselectivities. The process is mild, efficient, and scalable and features a broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Sun
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.,Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
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22
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Purushotham M, Paul B, Govindachar DM, Singh AK, Periyasamy G, Peter SC. Ortho-halogen effects: n→π* interactions, halogen bonding, and deciphering chiral attributes in N-aryl glycine peptoid foldamers. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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NHC-catalyzed [3 + 4] annulation between 2-dromoenal and aryl 1,2-diamine: Insights into mechanisms, chemo and stereoselectivities. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Liu B, Duan XY, Li J, Wu Y, Li Y, Qi J. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of 3,3'-Bisoxindoles with α-Bromoenals: Enantioselective Construction of Contiguous Quaternary Stereocenters. Org Lett 2022; 24:5929-5934. [PMID: 35947030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed enantio- and diastereoselective [3 + 2] annulation of α-bromoenals with bisoxindoles is developed, affording efficient access to various spirocyclic bisoxindole alkaloids. This protocol tolerates a broad substrates scope, with various spirocyclic bisoxindoles obtained in generally excellent enantioselectivities. More importantly, two contiguous sterically congested all-carbon quaternary stereocenters are successfully created during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yatong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
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25
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Barik S, Das RC, Balanna K, Biju AT. Kinetic Resolution Approach to the Synthesis of C-N Axially Chiral N-Aryl Aminomaleimides via NHC-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation. Org Lett 2022; 24:5456-5461. [PMID: 35856856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chiral NHC-catalyzed kinetic resolution of N-aryl aminomaleimides allowing the synthesis of C-N axially chiral N-aryl aminomaleimides via remote chirality control is presented. The catalytically generated α,β-unsaturated acylazoliums from 2-bromoenals underwent selective [3 + 3] annulation with one of the enantiomers of maleimide to furnish fused-dihydropyridinone (bearing axial/central chirality, up to 6:1 dr, >99:1 er) leaving the enantioenriched opposite enantiomer (up to >99:1 er). Studies on C-N bond rotation barrier and dependence on temperature are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Barik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Rohan Chandra Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Kuruva Balanna
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Akkattu T Biju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
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26
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Desymmetrization of N-Cbz glutarimides through N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4042. [PMID: 35831292 PMCID: PMC9279320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the catalysis of N-heterocyclic carbenes has achieved significant advances. In this area, aldehydes, enals, and esters, are commonly employed as starting materials through various catalytic activation modes. However, NHC-activated strategy of amide and its derivatives remains elusive. Described herein is the realization of asymmetric desymmetrization of N-Cbz glutarimides with alcohols through an imide C-N bond cleavage under NHC organocatalysis. A structurally diverse set of enantioenriched 4-amido esters is generated with acceptable yields and high enantioselectivities. This method features mild reaction conditions, excellent substrate scope, and excellent atom economy. DFT calculations have been performed to explore the detailed reaction mechanism and the origin of the enantioselectivity, which indicate that the strength of the C-H···O hydrogen bond and C–H⋯π interactions should be responsible for the stereoselectivity. The current strategy could open a door for efficient construction of (R)-Rolipram with excellent stereoselectivity. Desymmetrization of achiral building blocks is one of the most efficient ways to access enantiopure compounds of synthetic relevance. Here, the authors desymmetrize glutarimides with alcohols via an imide C–N bond cleavage under NHC organocatalysis.
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27
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Zhang S, Luo ZH, Wang WT, Qian L, Liao JY. Simultaneous Construction of C-N Axial and Central Chirality via Silver-Catalyzed Desymmetrizative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Prochiral N-Aryl Maleimides with Activated Isocyanides. Org Lett 2022; 24:4645-4649. [PMID: 35724978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an unprecedented strategy for the simultaneous construction of a remote C-N stereogenic axis and three contiguous stereogenic carbon centers via silver-catalyzed desymmetrizative [3 + 2] cycloaddition of prochiral N-aryl maleimides with activated isocyanides. This method features operational simplicity, wide substrate scope, high efficiency, and good to excellent stereoselectivity. Notably, it represents the first example of catalytic enantioselective synthesis of C-N atropisomers with the use of activated isocyanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Zhang-Hong Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Linghui Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Jia-Yu Liao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310018
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28
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Wang H, Chi YR, Huang X. Enantioselective Dual Catalysis of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Organocatalysts. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Wang
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science CHINA
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Xuan Huang
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science CHINA
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29
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Zhou M, Liu J, Deng R, Wang Q, Wu S, Zheng P, Chi YR. Construction of Tetrasubstituted Silicon-Stereogenic Silanes via Conformational Isomerization and N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mali Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rui Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuquan Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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30
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Chu Y, Wu M, Hu F, Zhou P, Cao Z, Hui XP. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Atroposelective Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4- b]pyridines with Configurationally Stable C-N Axial Chirality. Org Lett 2022; 24:3884-3889. [PMID: 35609114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The first atroposelective synthesis of pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridines catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene has been achieved. A wide range of chiral atropisomers of pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridines were obtained in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (96-99% enantiomeric excess). The experimental results and density functional theory calculations showed that the C-N axial chirality of the product had high thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhengqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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31
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Wang ZH, Liu JH, Zhang YP, Zhao JQ, You Y, Zhou MQ, Han WY, Yuan WC. Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of N-2,2,2-Trifluoroethylisatin Ketimines Enables the Desymmetrization of N-Arylmaleimides: Access to Enantioenriched F 3C-Containing Octahydropyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrroles. Org Lett 2022; 24:4052-4057. [PMID: 35622347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With a Cu(OTf)2/chiral ferrocenyl P,N-ligand complex as a catalyst, the enantioselective desymmetrization of N-arylmaleimides was successfully realized by taking advantage of the asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A series of structurally diverse F3C-containing octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrroles, bearing four contiguous carbon stereocenters and one stereogenic chiral C-N axial bond, were obtained with excellent results (≤99% yield, >20:1 dr, and 99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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32
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Rodríguez‐Salamanca P, Fernández R, Hornillos V, Lassaletta JM. Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral C-N Atropisomers. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104442. [PMID: 35191558 PMCID: PMC9314733 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecules with restricted rotation around a single bond or atropisomers are found in a wide number of natural products and bioactive molecules as well as in chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis and smart materials. Although most of these compounds are biaryls and heterobiaryls displaying a C−C stereogenic axis, there is a growing interest in less common and more challenging axially chiral C−N atropisomers. This review offers an overview of the various methodologies available for their asymmetric synthesis. A brief introduction is initially given to contextualize these axially chiral skeletons, including a historical background and examples of natural products containing axially chiral C−N axes. The preparation of different families of C−N based atropisomers is then presented from anilides to chiral five‐ and six‐membered ring heterocycles. Special emphasis has been given to modern catalytic asymmetric strategies over the past decade for the synthesis of these chiral scaffolds. Applications of these methods to the preparation of natural products and biologically active molecules will be highlighted along the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rodríguez‐Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro deInnovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)C/ Américo Vespucio, 4941092SevillaSpain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad de Sevilla) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González, 141012SevillaSpain
| | - Valentín Hornillos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro deInnovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)C/ Américo Vespucio, 4941092SevillaSpain
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad de Sevilla) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) C/ Prof. García González, 141012SevillaSpain
| | - José M. Lassaletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro deInnovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)C/ Américo Vespucio, 4941092SevillaSpain
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33
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Mei GJ, Koay WL, Guan CY, Lu Y. Atropisomers beyond the C–C axial chirality: Advances in catalytic asymmetric synthesis. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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34
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Liu M, Huang M, Li W, Yan Y, Li M, Zhang X. Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral N‐Aryl‐3‐methyleneisoindolin‐1‐ones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Min Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Yingkun Yan
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Min Li
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chengdu Organic Chemicals Co Ltd Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province CHINA
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiraltechnology of Sichuan Province Ren Min Nan Lu 610041 Chengdu CHINA
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35
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Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117340. [PMID: 35100461 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral aldehydes have received increasing attention in enantioselective catalysis. However, only very few catalytic methods have been developed to construct structurally diverse axially chiral aldehydes. We herein describe an NHC-catalyzed atroposelective esterification of biaryl dialdehydes as a general and practical strategy for the construction of axially chiral aldehydes. Mechanistic studies indicate that coupling proceeds through a novel combination of NHC-catalyzed desymmetrization of the dialdehydes and kinetic resolution. This protocol features excellent enantioselectivity, mild conditions, good functional-group tolerance, and applicability to late-stage functionalization and provides a modular platform for the synthesis of axially chiral aldehydes and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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36
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Wu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zheng G, Zhang Q. Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes by N‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Catalyzed Desymmetrization Followed by Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Jiaqiong Sun
- School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun 130117 China
| | - Guangfan Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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37
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Bhajammanavar V, Mallik S, Choutipalli VSK, Subramanian V, Baidya M. Diastereoselective access to [4,4]-carbospirocycles: governance of thermodynamic enolates with an organocatalyst in vinylogous cascade annulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2188-2191. [PMID: 35067690 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06544k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A vinylogy concept driven annulation strategy is developed to access [4,4]-carbospirocycles from alkylidene malononitriles and cyclopentene-1,3-diones. The reaction is catalyzed by an inexpensive organocatalyst and products with three stereocenters were obtained as a single diastereomer in high yields. The spiro-selectivity originates from the reaction of the thermodynamic enolate intermediate which is fundamentally intriguing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Bhajammanavar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Sumitava Mallik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | | | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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38
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Yan JL, Maiti R, Ren SC, Tian W, Li T, Xu J, Mondal B, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral styrenes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:84. [PMID: 35013298 PMCID: PMC8748895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Axially chiral styrenes bearing a chiral axis between a sterically non-congested acyclic alkene and an aryl ring are difficult to prepare due to low rotational barrier of the axis. Disclosed here is an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalytic asymmetric solution to this problem. Our reaction involves ynals, sulfinic acids, and phenols as the substrates with an NHC as the catalyst. Key steps involve selective 1,4-addition of sulfinic anion to acetylenic acylazolium intermediate and sequential E-selective protonation to set up the chiral axis. Our reaction affords axially chiral styrenes bearing a chiral axis as the product with up to > 99:1 e.r., > 20:1 E/Z selectivity, and excellent yields. The sulfone and carboxylic ester moieties in our styrene products are common moieties in bioactive molecules and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lei Yan
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Maiti
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Shi-Chao Ren
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bivas Mondal
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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39
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Zhang J, Qiao Q, Wu Z, Pang Z, Shi Q, Qiao Y, Wang Y, wei D. Mechanism and origin of selectivities for NHC-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral benzothiophene/benzofuran-fused biaryls. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1662-1670. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we investigated and identified the fundamental pathway for N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral benzothiophene-fused biaryl using enal and 2-benzyl-benzothiophene-3-carbaldehyde, which includes...
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40
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Stereoselective construction of atropisomers featuring a C–N chiral axis. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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41
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Xu Y, Zhai TY, Xu Z, Ye LW. Recent advances towards organocatalytic enantioselective desymmetrizing reactions. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Li Y, Geng L, Song Z, Zhang Z. A DFT study of NHC-catalyzed reactions between 2-bromo-2-enals and acylhydrazones: mechanisms, and chemo- and stereoselectivities. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction mechanisms and origins of the chemo- and stereoselectivities of NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of 2-bromo-2-enals and acylhydrazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Lina Geng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, P. R. China
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43
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Song R, Xie Y, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Construction of Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runjiang Song
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongtao Xie
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Zhichao Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
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44
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45
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Zhang XY, Shao YP, Guo BK, Zhang K, Zhang FM, Zhang XM, Tu YQ. Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of chiral spirocyclic 1,3-diketones via organo-cation catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11233-11235. [PMID: 34633005 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An SPA-triazolium bromide-catalyzed transannular C-acylation of enol lactones is presented. This methodology provides convenient access to a range of enantioenriched spirocyclic 1,3-diketones in moderate to high yields and enantioselectivities and features a broad substrate scope in terms of enol lactones. The catalytic capability of this triazolium salt catalyst is also demonstrated in this enantioselective transformation, which could inspire its further application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Ya-Ping Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Bao-Kuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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46
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Wang J, Zhao C, Wang J. Recent Progress toward the Construction of Axially Chiral Molecules Catalyzed by an N-heterocyclic Carbene. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beiing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changgui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beiing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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47
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Song R, Xie Y, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-Catalyzed Asymmetric Construction of Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26026-26037. [PMID: 34270158 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomeric molecules have found proven applications and have shown promising potential in chemistry and medicine. The design of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed reactions to construct atropisomerically enriched molecules has emerged as an important research topic in recent years. These reactions include kinetic resolutions, asymmetric desymmetrizations, central-to-axial chirality conversions, and cycloadditions. This Minireview evaluates and summarizes the progress in NHC-based organic catalysis for access to atropisomers, and briefly states our personal perspectives on the future advancement of this topic. NHC catalysis has provided rich and unique reaction modes that have led to success in the asymmetric synthesis of central-chiral molecules. It is expected that similar success could also be achieved in developing NHC catalysis to prepare atropisomeric molecules, including those not easily accessible by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjiang Song
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongtao Xie
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhichao Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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48
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Wang J, Chen H, Kong L, Wang F, Lan Y, Li X. Enantioselective and Diastereoselective C–H Alkylation of Benzamides: Synergized Axial and Central Chirality via a Single Stereodetermining Step. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Haohua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lingheng Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
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49
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Sun F, Wang T, Cheng GJ, Fang X. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrocyanative Desymmetrization of Norbornene Derivatives. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Gui-Juan Cheng
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Development, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xianjie Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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50
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Jin J, Huang X, Xu J, Li T, Peng X, Zhu X, Zhang J, Jin Z, Chi YR. Carbene-Catalyzed Atroposelective Annulation and Desymmetrization of Urazoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:3991-3996. [PMID: 33979174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An NHC-catalyzed atroposelective reaction between ynals and urazoles is disclosed. The reaction establishes a chiral C-N axis via an atroposelective [3 + 2] annulation/desymmetrization process. Our reaction allows efficient access to axially chiral and heteroatom-rich urazole derivatives with potential applications in bioactive molecules and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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