1
|
Trofimov IA, Salnikov OG, Pravdivtsev AN, de Maissin H, Yi AP, Chekmenev EY, Hövener JB, Schmidt AB, Koptyug IV. Through-bond and through-space radiofrequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Commun Chem 2024; 7:235. [PMID: 39414912 PMCID: PMC11484792 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Radio Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (RASER) is a phenomenon observed during nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments with strongly negatively polarized systems. This phenomenon may be utilized for the production of very narrow NMR lines, background-free NMR spectroscopy, and excitation-free sensing of chemical transformations. Recently, novel methods of producing RASER by ParaHydrogen-Induced Polarization (PHIP) were introduced. Here, we show that pairwise addition of parahydrogen to various propargylic compounds induces RASER activity of other protons beyond those chemically introduced in the reaction. In high-field PHIP, negative polarization initiating RASER is transferred via intramolecular cross-relaxation. When parahydrogen is added in Earth's field followed by adiabatic transfer to a high field, RASER activity of other protons is induced via both J-couplings and cross-relaxation. This through-bond and through-space induction of RASER holds potential for the ongoing development and expansion of RASER applications and can potentially enhance spectral resolution in two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy techniques.
Collapse
Grants
- 122-09-053 EC | European Regional Development Fund (Europski Fond za Regionalni Razvoj)
- R01 EB034197 NIBIB NIH HHS
- PR 1868/3-1, PR 1868/5-1, HO-4602/2-2, HO-4602/3, EXC2167, FOR5042, TRR287 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
- #SCHM 3694/1, #SCHM 3694/2, #SFB1479, Project ID: 441891347SFB1160 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)
- 01ZX1915C Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)
- #22-43-04426 Russian Science Foundation (RSF)
- Postdoctoral Fellow award Wayne State University
- CHE-1904780, NIBIB R01EB034197, NHLBI 1R21HL154032, DOD CDMRP W81XWH-20-10576 National Science Foundation (NSF)
- R21 HL154032 NHLBI NIH HHS
- 13N16448 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), the DKTK Joint Funding project “HYPERBOLIC”
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Trofimov
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany.
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 280 Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Anna P Yi
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 280 Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Adelabu I, Nantogma S, Fleischer S, Abdulmojeed M, de Maissin H, Schmidt AB, Lehmkuhl S, Rosen MS, Appelt S, Theis T, Qian C, Chekmenev EY. Toward Ultra-High-Quality-Factor Wireless Masing Magnetic Resonance Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406551. [PMID: 38822492 PMCID: PMC11463167 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that a bolus of hyperpolarized nuclear spins can yield stimulated emission signals similar in nature to maser signals, potentially enabling new ways of sensing hyperpolarized contrast media, including most notably [1-13C]pyruvate that is under evaluation in over 50 clinical trials for metabolic imaging of cancer. The stimulated NMR signal emissions lasting for minutes do not require radio-frequency excitation, offering unprecedented advantages compared to conventional MR sensing. However, creating nuclear spin maser emission is challenging in practice due to stringent fundamental requirements, making practical in vivo applications hardly possible using conventional passive MR detectors. Here, we demonstrate the utility of a wireless NMR maser detector, the quality factor of which was enhanced 22-fold (to 1,670) via parametric pumping. This active-feedback technique breaks the intrinsic fundamental limit of NMR detector circuit quality factor. We show the use of parametric pumping to reduce the threshold requirement for inducing nuclear spin masing at 300 MHz resonance frequency in a preclinical MRI scanner. Indeed, stimulated emission from hyperpolarized protons was obtained under highly unfavorable conditions of low magnetic field homogeneity (T2* of 3 ms). Greater gains of the quality factor of the MR detector (up to 1 million) were also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah Adelabu
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
| | - Shiraz Nantogma
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
| | - Simon Fleischer
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mustapha Abdulmojeed
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, United States
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Soeren Lehmkuhl
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, Massachusetts, 02129, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, United States
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics-Electronic Systems (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, United States
| | - Chunqi Qian
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gierse M, Dagys L, Keim M, Lucas S, Josten F, Plenio MB, Schwartz I, Knecht S, Eills J. Hyperpolarizing Small Molecules using Parahydrogen and Solid-State Spin Diffusion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319341. [PMID: 38805673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is an inexpensive way to produce hyperpolarized molecules with polarization levels of >10 % in the solution-state, but is strongly limited in generality since it requires chemical reactions/ interactions with H2. Here we report a new method to widen the scope of PHIP hyperpolarization: a source molecule is produced via PHIP with high 13C polarization, and precipitated out of solution together with a target species. Spin diffusion within the solid carries the polarization onto 13C spins of the target, which can then be dissolved for solution-state applications. We name this method PHIP-SSD (PHIP with solid-state spin diffusion) and demonstrate it using PHIP-polarized [1-13C]-fumarate as the source molecule, to polarize different 13C-labelled target molecules. 13C polarizations of between 0.01 and 3 % were measured on [1-13C]-benzoic acid, depending on the molar ratio of fumarate:benzoate in the solid state. We also show that PHIP-SSD does not require specific co-crystallization conditions by grinding dry powders of target molecules together with solid fumarate crystals, and obtain 13C signal enhancements of between 100 and 200 on [13C,15N2]-urea, [1-13C]-pyruvate, and [1-13C]-benzoic acid. This approach appears to be a promising new strategy for facile hyperpolarization based on PHIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gierse
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michael Keim
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Felix Josten
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin B Plenio
- Institut für Theoretische Physik and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ilai Schwartz
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - James Eills
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dagys L, Korzeczek MC, Parker AJ, Eills J, Blanchard JW, Bengs C, Levitt MH, Knecht S, Schwartz I, Plenio MB. Robust parahydrogen-induced polarization at high concentrations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado0373. [PMID: 39047103 PMCID: PMC11268409 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is a potent technique for generating target molecules with high nuclear spin polarization. The PHIP process involves a chemical reaction between parahydrogen and a target molecule, followed by the transformation of nuclear singlet spin order into magnetization of a designated target nucleus through magnetic field manipulations. Although the singlet-to-magnetization polarization transfer process works effectively at moderate concentrations, it is observed to become much less efficient at high molar polarization, defined as the product of polarization and concentration. This strong dependence on the molar polarization is attributed to interference due to the field produced by the sample magnetization during polarization transfer, which leads to complex dynamics and can severely affect the scalability of the technique. We address this challenge with a pulse sequence that suppresses the influence of the distant dipolar field, while simultaneously achieving singlet-to-magnetization polarization transfer to the desired target spins, free from restrictions on the molar polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurynas Dagys
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Wolfgang-Paul Straße 2, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius LT10257, Lithuania
| | - Martin C. Korzeczek
- Institut für Theoretische Physik and IQST, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna J. Parker
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Wolfgang-Paul Straße 2, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - James Eills
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Wolfgang-Paul Straße 2, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John W. Blanchard
- Quantum Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Christian Bengs
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Malcolm H. Levitt
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Stephan Knecht
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Wolfgang-Paul Straße 2, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ilai Schwartz
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Wolfgang-Paul Straße 2, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin B. Plenio
- Institut für Theoretische Physik and IQST, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schmidt AB, Adelabu I, Nelson C, Nantogma S, Kiselev VG, Zaitsev M, Abdurraheem A, de Maissin H, Rosen MS, Lehmkuhl S, Appelt S, Theis T, Chekmenev EY. 13C Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Threshold Sensing of Chemical Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11121-11129. [PMID: 37172079 PMCID: PMC10257364 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables detection of chemicals and their transformations by exciting nuclear spin ensembles with a radio-frequency pulse followed by detection of the precessing spins at their characteristic frequencies. The detected frequencies report on chemical reactions in real time and the signal amplitudes scale with concentrations of products and reactants. Here, we employ Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (RASER), a quantum phenomenon producing coherent emission of 13C signals, to detect chemical transformations. The 13C signals are emitted by the negatively hyperpolarized biomolecules without external radio frequency pulses and without any background signal from other, nonhyperpolarized spins in the ensemble. Here, we studied the hydrolysis of hyperpolarized ethyl-[1-13C]acetate to hyperpolarized [1-13C]acetate, which was analyzed as a model system by conventional NMR and 13C RASER. The chemical transformation of 13C RASER-active species leads to complete and abrupt disappearance of reactant signals and delayed, abrupt reappearance of a frequency-shifted RASER signal without destroying 13C polarization. The experimentally observed "quantum" RASER threshold is supported by simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Isaiah Adelabu
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Christopher Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Shiraz Nantogma
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Valerij G. Kiselev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Maxim Zaitsev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Abubakar Abdurraheem
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Matthew S. Rosen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA 02129, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University; 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Electronic Systems (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- Joint UNC & NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nelson C, Schmidt AB, Adelabu I, Nantogma S, Kiselev VG, Abdurraheem A, de Maissin H, Lehmkuhl S, Appelt S, Theis T, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Induced Carbon-13 Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215678. [PMID: 36437237 PMCID: PMC9889133 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of Carbon-13 Radiofrequency (RF) Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (C-13 RASER) is demonstrated on a bolus of liquid hyperpolarized ethyl [1-13 C]acetate. Hyperpolarized ethyl [1-13 C]acetate was prepared via pairwise addition of parahydrogen to vinyl [1-13 C]acetate and polarization transfer from nascent parahydrogen-derived protons to the carbon-13 nucleus via magnetic field cycling yielding C-13 nuclear spin polarization of approximately 6 %. RASER signals were detected from samples with concentration ranging from 0.12 to 1 M concentration using a non-cryogenic 1.4T NMR spectrometer equipped with a radio-frequency detection coil with a quality factor (Q) of 32 without any modifications. C-13 RASER signals were observed for several minutes on a single bolus of hyperpolarized substrate to achieve 21 mHz NMR linewidths. The feasibility of creating long-lasting C-13 RASER on biomolecular carriers opens a wide range of new opportunities for the rapidly expanding field of C-13 magnetic resonance hyperpolarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 27695-8204, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Isaiah Adelabu
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shiraz Nantogma
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Valerij G Kiselev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abubakar Abdurraheem
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics-, Electronic Systems (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 27695-8204, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dumez JN. NMR methods for the analysis of mixtures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13855-13872. [PMID: 36458684 PMCID: PMC9753098 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05053f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a powerful approach for the analysis of mixtures. Its usefulness arises in large part from the vast landscape of methods, and corresponding pulse sequences, that have been and are being designed to tackle the specific properties of mixtures of small molecules. This feature article describes a selection of methods that aim to address the complexity, the low concentrations, and the changing nature that mixtures can display. These notably include pure-shift and diffusion NMR methods, hyperpolarisation methods, and fast 2D NMR methods such as ultrafast 2D NMR and non-uniform sampling. Examples or applications are also described, in fields such as reaction monitoring and metabolomics, to illustrate the relevance and limitations of different methods.
Collapse
|
9
|
Salnikov OG, Trofimov IA, Pravdivtsev AN, Them K, Hövener JB, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV. Through-Space Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance Signal Enhancement Induced by Parahydrogen and Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15010-15017. [PMID: 36264746 PMCID: PMC10007960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (i.e., polarized far beyond the thermal equilibrium) nuclear spins can result in the radiofrequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (RASER) effect. Here, we show the utility of RASER to amplify nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of solute and solvent molecules in the liquid state. Specifically, parahydrogen-induced RASER was used to spontaneously enhance nuclear spin polarization of protons and heteronuclei (here 19F and 31P) in a wide range of molecules. The magnitude of the effect correlates with the T1 relaxation time of the target nuclear spins. A series of control experiments validate the through-space dipolar mechanism of the RASER-assisted polarization transfer between the parahydrogen-polarized compound and to-be-hyperpolarized nuclei of the target molecule. Frequency-selective saturation of the RASER-active resonances was used to control the RASER and the amplitude of spontaneous polarization transfer. Spin dynamics simulations support our experimental RASER studies. The enhanced NMR sensitivity may benefit various NMR applications such as mixture analysis, metabolomics, and structure determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Trofimov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kolja Them
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein and Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskiy Pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eichhorn TR, Parker AJ, Josten F, Müller C, Scheuer J, Steiner JM, Gierse M, Handwerker J, Keim M, Lucas S, Qureshi MU, Marshall A, Salhov A, Quan Y, Binder J, Jahnke KD, Neumann P, Knecht S, Blanchard JW, Plenio MB, Jelezko F, Emsley L, Vassiliou CC, Hautle P, Schwartz I. Hyperpolarized Solution-State NMR Spectroscopy with Optically Polarized Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2511-2519. [PMID: 35113568 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear spin hyperpolarization provides a promising route to overcome the challenges imposed by the limited sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Here we demonstrate that dissolution of spin-polarized pentacene-doped naphthalene crystals enables transfer of polarization to target molecules via intermolecular cross-relaxation at room temperature and moderate magnetic fields (1.45 T). This makes it possible to exploit the high spin polarization of optically polarized crystals, while mitigating the challenges of its transfer to external nuclei. With this method, we inject the highly polarized mixture into a benchtop NMR spectrometer and observe the polarization dynamics for target 1H nuclei. Although the spectra are radiation damped due to the high naphthalene magnetization, we describe a procedure to process the data to obtain more conventional NMR spectra and extract the target nuclei polarization. With the entire process occurring on a time scale of 1 min, we observe NMR signals enhanced by factors between -200 and -1730 at 1.45 T for a range of small molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna J Parker
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Felix Josten
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Jakob M Steiner
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martin Gierse
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michael Keim
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Alastair Marshall
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alon Salhov
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Givat Ram, Israel
| | - Yifan Quan
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jan Binder
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kay D Jahnke
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ilai Schwartz
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schmidt AB, Bowers CR, Buckenmaier K, Chekmenev EY, de Maissin H, Eills J, Ellermann F, Glöggler S, Gordon JW, Knecht S, Koptyug IV, Kuhn J, Pravdivtsev AN, Reineri F, Theis T, Them K, Hövener JB. Instrumentation for Hydrogenative Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization Techniques. Anal Chem 2022; 94:479-502. [PMID: 34974698 PMCID: PMC8784962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 2001 Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institute for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55090 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- NMR Signal Enhancement Group Max Planck Institutefor Biophysical Chemistry Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jule Kuhn
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kolja Them
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Joalland B, Theis T, Appelt S, Chekmenev EY. Background‐Free Proton NMR Spectroscopy with Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Ave Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-8204 USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC) RWTH Aachen University 52056 Aachen Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering Electronics and Analytics—Electronic Systems (ZEA 2) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Ave Detroit MI 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 14, 119991 Moscow Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Joalland B, Theis T, Appelt S, Chekmenev EY. Background-Free Proton NMR Spectroscopy with Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26298-26302. [PMID: 34459080 PMCID: PMC8629966 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the utility of Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation (RASER) for background-free proton detection of hyperpolarized biomolecules. We performed hyperpolarization of ≈0.3 M ethyl acetate via pairwise parahydrogen addition to vinyl acetate. A proton NMR signal with signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 100 000 was detected without radio-frequency excitation at the clinically relevant magnetic field of 1.4 T using a standard (non-cryogenic) inductive detector with quality factor of Q=68. No proton background signal was observed from protonated solvent (methanol) or other added co-solvents such as ethanol, water or bovine serum. Moreover, we demonstrate RASER detection without radio-frequency excitation of a bolus of hyperpolarized contrast agent in biological fluid. Completely background-free proton detection of hyperpolarized contrast agents in biological media paves the way to new applications in the areas of high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and in vivo spectroscopy and imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics-Electronic Systems (ZEA 2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|