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Yin HN, Wang PC, Liu Z. Recent advances in biocatalytic C-N bond-forming reactions. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107108. [PMID: 38244379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Molecules containing C-N bonds are of paramount importance in a diverse array of organic-based materials, natural products, pharmaceutical compounds, and agricultural chemicals. Biocatalytic C-N bond-forming reactions represent powerful strategies for producing these valuable targets, and their significance in the field of synthetic chemistry has steadily increased over the past decade. In this review, we provide a concise overview of recent advancements in the development of C-N bond-forming enzymes, with a particular emphasis on the inherent chemistry involved in these enzymatic processes. Overall, these enzymatic systems have proven their potential in addressing long-standing challenges in traditional small-molecule catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ning Yin
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Gioia B, Ruggieri F, Biela A, Landry V, Roussel P, Piveteau C, Leroux F, Hartkoorn RC, Willand N. Regioselective and Stereoselective Synthesis of Parthenolide Analogs by Acyl Nitroso-Ene Reaction and Their Biological Evaluation against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17395. [PMID: 38139224 PMCID: PMC10744032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, natural products have played a major role in the development of antibiotics. Their complex chemical structures and high polarity give them advantages in the drug discovery process. In the broad range of natural products, sesquiterpene lactones are interesting compounds because of their diverse biological activities, their high-polarity, and sp3-carbon-rich chemical structures. Parthenolide (PTL) is a natural compound isolated from Tanacetum parthenium, of the family of germacranolide-type sesquiterpene lactones. In recent years, parthenolide has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, antimigraine, and anticancer properties. Recently, PTL has shown antibacterial activities, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. However, few studies are available on the potential antitubercular activities of parthenolide and its analogs. It has been demonstrated that parthenolide's biological effects are linked to the reactivity of α-exo-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, which reacts with cysteine in targeted proteins via a Michael addition. In this work, we describe the ene reaction of acylnitroso intermediates with parthenolide leading to the regioselective and stereoselective synthesis of new derivatives and their biological evaluation. The addition of hydroxycarbamates and hydroxyureas led to original analogs with higher polarity and solubility than parthenolide. Through this synthetic route, the Michael acceptor motif was preserved and is thus believed to be involved in the selective activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Gioia
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Francesca Ruggieri
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Alexandre Biela
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Valérie Landry
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Pascal Roussel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, ENSCL, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Catherine Piveteau
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Florence Leroux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Ruben C. Hartkoorn
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019—UMR 8204—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Nicolas Willand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177—Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France (F.R.); (A.B.); (V.L.); (C.P.); (F.L.)
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Vu V, Powell JN, Ford RL, Patel PJ, Driver TG. The Development and Mechanistic Study of an Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular Nitroso Ene Reaction of Nitroarenes. ACS Catal 2023; 13:15175-15181. [PMID: 38292415 PMCID: PMC10824534 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
An intramolecular iron-catalyzed nitroso ene reaction was developed to afford six- or seven-membered N-heterocycles from nitroarenes using an earth abundant iron catalyst and phenylsilane as the terminal reductant. The reaction can be triggered using as little as 3 mol % of iron(II) acetate and 3 mol % of 4,7-dimethoxyphenanthroline as the ligand. The scope of the reaction is broad tolerating a range of electron-releasing or electron-withdrawing substituents on the nitroarene, and the ortho-substituent can be modified to diastereoselectively construct benzoxazines, dihydrobenzothiazines, tetrahydroquinolines, tetrahydroquinoxalines, or tetrahydrobenzooxazepines. Mechanistic investigations indicated that the reaction proceeds via a nitrosoarene intermediate, and kinetic analysis of the reaction revealed a first-order rate dependence in catalyst-, nitroarene-, and silane concentration, and an inverse kinetic order in acetate was observed. The difference in rates between PhSiH3 and PhSiD3 was found to be 1.50 ± 0.09, and investigation of the temperature dependence of the reaction rate revealed that the activation parameters to be ΔH‡ = 13.5 kcal•mol-1 and ΔS‡ = -39.1 cal•mol-1•K-1. These data were interpreted to indicate that the turnover-limiting step to be hydride transfer from iron to the coordinated nitroarene, which occurs through an ordered transition state with little Fe-H bond breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Vu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Jair N. Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Russell L. Ford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Pooja J. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
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Jäger C, Gregori BJ, Aho JAS, Hallamaa M, Deska J. Peroxidase-induced C-N bond formation via nitroso ene and Diels-Alder reactions. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2023; 25:3166-3174. [PMID: 37113763 PMCID: PMC10124104 DOI: 10.1039/d2gc04827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The formation of new carbon-nitrogen bonds is indisputably one of the most important tasks in synthetic organic chemistry. Here, nitroso compounds offer a highly interesting reactivity that complements traditional amination strategies, allowing for the introduction of nitrogen functionalities via ene-type reactions or Diels-Alder cycloadditions. In this study, we highlight the potential of horseradish peroxidase as biological mediator for the generation of reactive nitroso species under environmentally benign conditions. Exploiting a non-natural peroxidase reactivity, in combination with glucose oxidase as oxygen-activating biocatalyst, aerobic activation of a broad range of N-hydroxycarbamates and hydroxamic acids is achieved. Thus both intra- and intermolecular nitroso-ene as well as nitroso-Diels-Alder reactions are performed with high efficiency. Relying on a commercial and robust enzyme system, the aqueous catalyst solution can be recycled over numerous reaction cycles without significant loss of activity. Overall, this green and scalable C-N bond-forming strategy enables the production of allylic amides and various N-heterocyclic building blocks utilizing only air and glucose as sacrificial reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Jäger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland https://www.deskalab.com
| | - Bernhard J Gregori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland https://www.deskalab.com
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Juhana A S Aho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland https://www.deskalab.com
| | - Marleen Hallamaa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland https://www.deskalab.com
| | - Jan Deska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00560 Helsinki Finland https://www.deskalab.com
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