1
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Cheng P, Pu K. Enzyme-responsive, multi-lock optical probes for molecular imaging and disease theranostics. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39229642 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00335g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Optical imaging is an indispensable tool for non-invasive visualization of biomolecules in living organisms, thereby offering a sensitive approach for disease diagnosis and image-guided disease treatment. Single-lock activatable optical probes (SOPs) that specifically switch on optical signals in the presence of biomarkers-of-interest have shown both higher detection sensitivity and imaging quality as compared to conventional "always-on" optical probes. However, such SOPs can still show "false-positive" results in disease diagnosis due to non-specific biomarker expression in healthy tissues. By contrast, multi-lock activatable optical probes (MOPs) that simultaneously detect multiple biomarkers-of-interest could improve detection specificity towards certain biomolecular events or pathological conditions. In this Review, we discuss the recent advancements of enzyme-responsive MOPs, with a focus on their biomedical applications. The higher detection specificity of MOPs could in turn enhance disease diagnosis accuracy and improve treatment efficacy in image-guided disease therapy with minimal toxicity in the surrounding healthy tissues. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and suggest future applications of MOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457 Singapore, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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2
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Xiang K, Pan J, Yu J, Xiao L, Sun SK, Cheng R. A hemicyanine-based near-infrared fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for non-invasive bioimaging of brown adipose tissue. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:5272-5279. [PMID: 39016035 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00658e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT), characterized by the presence of numerous mitochondria, plays a key role in metabolism and energy expenditure. Accurately reporting the presence and activation of BAT is beneficial to study obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has the advantages of high sensitivity, non-radioactivity, and simple operation. However, most NIR probes for BAT imaging exhibit small Stokes shifts, which may lead to self-quenching, reducing the signal-to-noise ratio, and introducing cross-talk. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of hemicyanine-based NIR fluorescent probes HCYBAT-1-3. Among them, HCYBAT-1 demonstrated favorable properties such as near-infrared emission (776 nm), large Stokes shift (139 nm), good biocompatibility and specific mitochondrial targeting (Pearson's colocalization coefficient of 0.87). Meanwhile, HCYBAT-1 was successfully employed to differentiate BAT from white adipose tissue (WAT). Quantitative analysis of NIR fluorescent images showed that HCYBAT-1 could be used for real-time monitoring of BAT activation in mice stimulated by norepinephrine (NE) and cold exposure. Overall, probe HCYBAT-1 showcased its efficacy in non-invasive evaluation of BAT metabolism in vivo with high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Jinbin Pan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Lehui Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shao-Kai Sun
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Ran Cheng
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
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3
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Chen YJ, Zhang H, Xiang FF, Chen SY, Wu M, Li K. Dual Enzyme-Locked Activation Reporter for Accurate Liver Cancer Surveillance. Anal Chem 2024; 96:12074-12083. [PMID: 38981066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Activatable probes with a higher signal-to-background ratio and accuracy are essential for monitoring liver cancer as well as intraoperative fluorescence navigation. However, the presence of only one biomarker is usually not sufficient to meet the high requirement of a signal-to-background ratio in cancer surveillance, leading to the risk of misdiagnosis. In this work, a dual-locked activation response probe, Si-NTR-LAP, for nitroreductase and leucine aminopeptidase was reported. This dual-locked probe provides better tumor recognition and a higher signal-to-noise ratio than that of single-locked probes (Si-LAP and Si-NTR). In both the subcutaneous tumor model and the more complex orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model, the probe was able to identify tumor tissue with high specificity and accurately differentiate the boundaries between tumor tissue and normal tissue. Therefore, the dual-locked probe may provide a new and practical strategy for applying to real patient tumor tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Chen
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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4
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Huang J, Xu M, Cheng P, Yu J, Wu J, Pu K. A Tandem-Locked Chemiluminescent Probe for Imaging of Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319780. [PMID: 38523406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a role in both pro- and anti-tumor functions; and the targeted polarization from M2 to M1 TAMs has become an effective therapy option. Although detection of M1 TAMs is imperative to assess cancer immunotherapeutic efficacy, existing optical probes suffer from shallow tissue penetration depth and poor specificity toward M1 TAMs. Herein, we report a tandem-locked NIR chemiluminescent (CL) probe for specific detection of M1 TAMs. Through a combined molecular engineering approach via both atomic alternation and introduction of electron-withdrawing groups, near-infrared (NIR) chemiluminophores are screened out to possess record-long emission (over 800 nm), record-high CL quantum yield (2.7 % einstein/mol), and prolonged half-life (7.7 h). Based on an ideal chemiluminophore, the tandem-locked probe (DPDGN) is developed to only activate CL signal in the presence of both tumour (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) and M1 macrophage biomarkers (nitric oxide). Such a tandem-lock design ensures its high specificity towards M1 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment over those in normal tissues or peripheral blood. Thus, DPDGN permits noninvasive imaging and tracking of M1 TAM in the tumor of living mice during R837 treatment, showing a good correlation with ex vivo methods. This study not only reports a new molecular approach towards highly efficient chemiluminophores but also reveals the first tandem-locked CL probes for enhanced imaging specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Huang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Mengke Xu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jiayan Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
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5
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Hu W, He Y, Ren H, Chai L, Li H, Chen J, Li C, Wang Y, James TD. Near-infrared imaging for visualizing the synergistic relationship between autophagy and NFS1 protein during multidrug resistance using an ICT-TICT integrated platform. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6028-6035. [PMID: 38665516 PMCID: PMC11040642 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major challenge for cancer treatment, and its identification is crucial for medical research. However, since drug resistance is a multi-faceted phenomenon, it is important to simultaneously evaluate multiple target fluctuations. Recently developed fluorescence-based probes that can simultaneously respond to multiple targets offer many advantages for real-time and in situ monitoring of cellular metabolism, including ease of operation, rapid reporting, and their non-invasive nature. As such we developed a dual-response platform (Vis-H2S) with integrated ICT-TICT to image H2S and viscosity in mitochondria, which could simultaneously track fluctuations in cysteine desulfurase (NFS1 protein and H2S inducer) and autophagy during chemotherapy-induced multidrug resistance. This platform could monitor multiple endogenous metabolites and the synergistic relationship between autophagy and NFS1 protein during multidrug resistance induced by chemotherapy. The results indicated that chemotherapeutic drugs simultaneously up-regulate the levels of NFS1 protein and autophagy. It was also found that the NFS1 protein was linked with autophagy, which eventually led to multidrug resistance. As such, this platform could serve as an effective tool for the in-depth exploration of drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University Wuhan 430074 China
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University Xinzhou Shanxi 034000 China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA27AY UK
| | - Yifan He
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Haixian Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University Xinzhou Shanxi 034000 China
| | - Li Chai
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University Xinzhou Shanxi 034000 China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan Shandong 250353 China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Yanying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA27AY UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China
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6
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Pandit S, Duchow M, Chao W, Capasso A, Samanta D. DNA-Barcoded Plasmonic Nanostructures for Activity-Based Protease Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202310964. [PMID: 37985161 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a new class of protease activity sensors called DNA-barcoded plasmonic nanostructures. These probes are comprised of gold nanoparticles functionalized with peptide-DNA conjugates (GPDs), where the peptide is a substrate of the protease of interest. The DNA acts as a barcode identifying the peptide and facilitates signal amplification. Protease-mediated peptide cleavage frees the DNA from the nanoparticle surface, which is subsequently measured via a CRISPR/Cas12a-based assay as a proxy for protease activity. As proof-of-concept, we show activity-based, multiplexed detection of the SARS-CoV-2-associated protease, 3CL, and the apoptosis marker, caspase 3, with high sensitivity and selectivity. GPDs yield >25-fold turn-on signals, 100-fold improved response compared to commercial probes, and detection limits as low as 58 pM at room temperature. Moreover, nanomolar concentrations of proteases can be detected visually by leveraging the aggregation-dependent color change of the gold nanoparticles. We showcase the clinical potential of GPDs by detecting a colorectal cancer-associated protease, cathepsin B, in three different patient-derived cell lines. Taken together, GPDs detect physiologically relevant concentrations of active proteases in challenging biological samples, require minimal sample processing, and offer unmatched multiplexing capabilities (mediated by DNA), making them powerful chemical tools for biosensing and disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mark Duchow
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Wilson Chao
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Anna Capasso
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
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7
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Kazim M, Yoo E. Recent Advances in the Development of Non-Invasive Imaging Probes for Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202310694. [PMID: 37843426 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a major revolution in the field of tumor immunology including clinical progress using various immunotherapy strategies. These advances have highlighted the potential for approaches that harness the power of the immune system to fight against cancer. While cancer immunotherapies have shown significant clinical successes, patient responses vary widely due to the complex and heterogeneous nature of tumors and immune responses, calling for reliable biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to maximize the benefits of immunotherapy. Especially, stratifying responding individuals from non-responders during the early stages of treatment could help avoid long-term damage and tailor personalized treatments. In efforts to develop non-invasive means for accurately evaluating and predicting tumor response to immunotherapy, multiple affinity-based agents targeting immune cell markers and checkpoint molecules have been developed and advanced to clinical trials. In addition, researchers have recently turned their attention to substrate and activity-based imaging probes that can provide real-time, functional assessment of immune response to treatment. Here, we highlight some of those recently designed probes that image functional proteases as biomarkers of cancer immunotherapy with a focus on their chemical design and detection modalities and discuss challenges and opportunities for the development of imaging tools utilized in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kazim
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Euna Yoo
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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8
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Hu Y, Wang H, Liu Y. NETosis: Sculpting tumor metastasis and immunotherapy. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:263-279. [PMID: 37712361 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, called NETosis, is a peculiar death modality of neutrophils, which was first observed as an immune response against bacterial infection. However, recent work has revealed the unique biology of NETosis in facilitating tumor metastatic process. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by the tumor microenvironment (TME) shield tumor cells from cytotoxic immunity, leading to impaired tumor clearance. Besides, tumor cells tapped by NETs enable to travel through vessels and subsequently seed distant organs. Targeted ablation of NETosis has been proven to be beneficial in potentiating the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in the metastatic settings. This review outlines the impact of NETosis at almost all stages of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, understanding the multifaceted interplay between NETosis and the TME components is crucial for supporting the rational development of highly effective combination immunotherapeutic strategies with anti-NETosis for patients with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Hu
- Department of Digestive Diseases 1, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Houhong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
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9
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Zuo H, Yang M, Ji Q, Fu S, Pu X, Zhang X, Wang X. Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: A Novel Antitumor Strategy. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:5599660. [PMID: 38023616 PMCID: PMC10653965 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5599660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for cancer is usually limited by the deterioration of tumor microenvironment (TME). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are decondensed chromatin extruded by neutrophils and are widely distributed among various cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the TME, NETs interact with stromal components, immune cells and cancer cells, which allows for the reshaping of the matrix and the extracellular environment that favors the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. In addition, NETs impair the proliferation and activation of T cells and NK cells, thus producing a suppressive TME that restricts the effect of immunotherapy. A better understanding of the function of NETs in the TME will provide new opportunities for the prevention of cancer metastasis and the discovery of novel therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengqiao Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Ma X, Mao M, He J, Liang C, Xie HY. Nanoprobe-based molecular imaging for tumor stratification. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6447-6496. [PMID: 37615588 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00063j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The responses of patients to tumor therapies vary due to tumor heterogeneity. Tumor stratification has been attracting increasing attention for accurately distinguishing between responders to treatment and non-responders. Nanoprobes with unique physical and chemical properties have great potential for patient stratification. This review begins by describing the features and design principles of nanoprobes that can visualize specific cell types and biomarkers and release inflammatory factors during or before tumor treatment. Then, we focus on the recent advancements in using nanoprobes to stratify various therapeutic modalities, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), ferroptosis, and immunotherapy. The main challenges and perspectives of nanoprobes in cancer stratification are also discussed to facilitate probe development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Ma
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Mingchuan Mao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi He
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
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11
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Liang JL, Jin XK, Luo GF, Zhang SM, Huang QX, Lin YT, Deng XC, Wang JW, Chen WH, Zhang XZ. Immunostimulant Hydrogel-Guided Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming to Efficiently Potentiate Macrophage-Mediated Cellular Phagocytosis for Systemic Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17217-17232. [PMID: 37584451 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated cellular phagocytosis (MMCP) plays a critical role in conducting antitumor immunotherapy but is usually impaired by the intrinsic phagocytosis evading ability of tumor cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a MMCP-boosting hydrogel (TCCaGM) was elaborately engineered by encapsulating granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and a therapeutic nanoplatform (TCCaN) that preloaded with the tunicamycin (Tuni) and catalase (CAT) with the assistance of CaCO3 nanoparticles (NPs). Strikingly, the hypoxic/acidic TME was efficiently alleviated by the engineered hydrogel, "eat me" signal calreticulin (CRT) was upregulated, while the "don't eat me" signal CD47 was downregulated on tumor cells, and the infiltrated DCs were recruited and activated, all of which contributed to boosting the macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and initiating tumor-specific CD8+ T cells responses. Meanwhile, the remodeled TME was beneficial to accelerate the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to the antitumoral M1-like phenotype, further heightening tumoricidal immunity. With the combination of PD-1 antibody (αPD-1), the designed hydrogel significantly heightened systemic antitumor immune responses and long-term immunological effects to control the development of primary and distant tumors as well as suppress tumor metastasis and recurrence, which established an optimal strategy for high-performance antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Kang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Feng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Tong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Chen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
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