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Munir R, Zahoor AF, Javed S, Parveen B, Mansha A, Irfan A, Khan SG, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Simmons-Smith Cyclopropanation: A Multifaceted Synthetic Protocol toward the Synthesis of Natural Products and Drugs: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5651. [PMID: 37570621 PMCID: PMC10420228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation is a widely used reaction in organic synthesis for stereospecific conversion of alkenes into cyclopropane. The utility of this reaction can be realized by the fact that the cyclopropane motif is a privileged synthetic intermediate and a core structural unit of many biologically active natural compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, nucleosides, amino acids, fatty acids, polyketides and drugs. The modified form of Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation involves the employment of Et2Zn and CH2I2 (Furukawa reagent) toward the total synthesis of a variety of structurally complex natural products that possess broad range of biological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. This review aims to provide an intriguing glimpse of the Furukawa-modified Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, within the year range of 2005 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Munir
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Asim Mansha
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Ali Irfan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (R.M.); (B.P.); (A.M.); (S.G.K.); (A.I.)
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Laboratory of Experimental Cytology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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2
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Jordan A, Hall CGJ, Thorp LR, Sneddon HF. Replacement of Less-Preferred Dipolar Aprotic and Ethereal Solvents in Synthetic Organic Chemistry with More Sustainable Alternatives. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6749-6794. [PMID: 35201751 PMCID: PMC9098182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dipolar aprotic and ethereal solvents comprise just over 40% of all organic solvents utilized in synthetic organic, medicinal, and process chemistry. Unfortunately, many of the common "go-to" solvents are considered to be "less-preferable" for a number of environmental, health, and safety (EHS) reasons such as toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, or for practical handling reasons such as flammability and volatility. Recent legislative changes have initiated the implementation of restrictions on the use of many of the commonly employed dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), and for ethers such as 1,4-dioxane. Thus, with growing legislative, EHS, and societal pressures, the need to identify and implement the use of alternative solvents that are greener, safer, and more sustainable has never been greater. Within this review, the ubiquitous nature of dipolar aprotic and ethereal solvents is discussed with respect to the physicochemical properties that have made them so appealing to synthetic chemists. An overview of the current legislative restrictions being imposed on the use of dipolar aprotic and ethereal solvents is discussed. A variety of alternative, safer, and more sustainable solvents that have garnered attention over the past decade are then examined, and case studies and examples where less-preferable solvents have been successfully replaced with a safer and more sustainable alternative are highlighted. Finally, a general overview and guidance for solvent selection and replacement are included in the Supporting Information of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jordan
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratory, 6 Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2GA, U.K
| | - Callum G J Hall
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland G1 1XL, U.K.,GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Lee R Thorp
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Helen F Sneddon
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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Ma C, Shi C, Liu Y, Pan L, Zhang X, Zou JJ. Synthesis and Performance of Strained Multicyclic Hydrocarbons as Highly Potential High-Energy-Density Fuels. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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4
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García‐Garrido SE, Presa Soto A, Hevia E, García‐Álvarez J. Advancing Air‐ and Moisture‐Compatible s‐Block Organometallic Chemistry Using Sustainable Solvents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E. García‐Garrido
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica (IUQOEM) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Química Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
| | - Alejandro Presa Soto
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica (IUQOEM) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Química Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
| | - Eva Hevia
- Departement für Chemie, Biochemie und Pharmazie (DCBP) Universität Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Joaquín García‐Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica (IUQOEM) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Facultad de Química Universidad de Oviedo 33071 Oviedo Spain
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Azzena U, Carraro M, Pisano L, Monticelli S, Bartolotta R, Pace V. Cyclopentyl Methyl Ether: An Elective Ecofriendly Ethereal Solvent in Classical and Modern Organic Chemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:40-70. [PMID: 30246930 PMCID: PMC6391966 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Solvents represent one of the major contributions to the environmental impact of fine-chemical synthesis. As a result, the use of environmentally friendly solvents in widely employed reactions is a challenge of vast real interest in contemporary organic chemistry. Within this Review, a great variety of examples showing how cyclopentyl methyl ether has been established as particularly useful for this purpose are reported. Indeed, its low toxicity, high boiling point, low melting point, hydrophobicity, chemical stability towards a wide range of conditions, exceptional stability towards the abstraction of hydrogen atoms, relatively low latent heat of vaporization, and the ease with which it can be recovered and recycled enable its successful employment as a solvent in a wide range of synthetic applications, including organometallic chemistry, catalysis, biphasic reactions, oxidations, and radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Azzena
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Sassarivia Vienna 2, I07100SassariItaly
| | - Massimo Carraro
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Sassarivia Vienna 2, I07100SassariItaly
| | - Luisa Pisano
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Sassarivia Vienna 2, I07100SassariItaly
| | - Serena Monticelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Roberta Bartolotta
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Vittorio Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
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6
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Durán-Peña MJ, Flores-Giubi ME, Botubol-Ares JM, Harwood LM, Collado IG, Macías-Sánchez AJ, Hernández-Galán R. Chemoselective and stereoselective lithium carbenoid mediated cyclopropanation of acyclic allylic alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2731-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02617b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the chemo- and stereoselective conversion of acyclic allylic alcohols into the corresponding substituted cyclopropane derivatives has been developed using lithium carbenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Durán-Peña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - M. E. Flores-Giubi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - J. M. Botubol-Ares
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - L. M. Harwood
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Reading
- Whiteknights
- UK
| | - I. G. Collado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - A. J. Macías-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
| | - R. Hernández-Galán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Cádiz
- Puerto Real
- Spain
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7
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Durán-Peña MJ, Botubol-Ares JM, Hanson JR, Hernández-Galán R, Collado IG. Titanium carbenoid-mediated cyclopropanation of allylic alcohols: selectivity and mechanism. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6325-32. [PMID: 25968250 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00544b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the chemo- and stereoselective conversion of allylic alcohols into the corresponding cyclopropane derivatives has been developed. The cyclopropanation reaction was carried out with an unprecedented titanium carbenoid generated in situ from Nugent's reagent, manganese and methylene diiodide. The reaction involving the participation of an allylic hydroxyl group, proceeded with conservation of the alkene geometry and in a high diastereomeric excess. The scope, limitations and mechanism of this metal-catalysed reaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Durán-Peña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro s/n, Torre sur, 4° planta, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Ramirez A, Truc VC, Lawler M, Ye YK, Wang J, Wang C, Chen S, Laporte T, Liu N, Kolotuchin S, Jones S, Bordawekar S, Tummala S, Waltermire RE, Kronenthal D. The Effect of Additives on the Zinc Carbenoid-Mediated Cyclopropanation of a Dihydropyrrole. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6233-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500966m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Vu Chi Truc
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Michael Lawler
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Yun K. Ye
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Jianji Wang
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Chenchi Wang
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Steven Chen
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Thomas Laporte
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Nian Liu
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Sergei Kolotuchin
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Scott Jones
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Shailendra Bordawekar
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Srinivas Tummala
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - Robert E. Waltermire
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
| | - David Kronenthal
- Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb
Drive, New Brunswick, New
Jersey 0890, United States
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9
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Abstract
A ring fragmentation and intramolecular azomethine ylide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition sequence of reactions was successfully used in the preparation of a known (±)-cycloclavine precursor in good overall yield. Results of efforts to incorporate the tetrasubstituted cyclopropane ring present in cycloclavine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitinkumar D. Jabre
- The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT, 05405, United States
| | - Teruki Watanabe
- The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT, 05405, United States
| | - Matthias Brewer
- The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT, 05405, United States
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