1
|
El-Kalyoubi S, Khalifa MM, Abo-Elfadl MT, El-Sayed AA, Elkamhawy A, Lee K, Al-Karmalawy AA. Design and synthesis of new spirooxindole candidates and their selenium nanoparticles as potential dual Topo I/II inhibitors, DNA intercalators, and apoptotic inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2242714. [PMID: 37592917 PMCID: PMC10444021 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2242714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A new wave of dual Topo I/II inhibitors was designed and synthesised via the hybridisation of spirooxindoles and pyrimidines. In situ selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) for some derivatives were synthesised. The targets and the SeNP derivatives were examined for their cytotoxicity towards five cancer cell lines. The inhibitory potencies of the best members against Topo I and Topo II were also assayed besides their DNA intercalation abilities. Compound 7d NPs exhibited the best inhibition against Topo I and Topo II enzymes with IC50 of 0.042 and 1.172 μM, respectively. The ability of compound 7d NPs to arrest the cell cycle and induce apoptosis was investigated. It arrested the cell cycle in the A549 cell at the S phase and prompted apoptosis by 41.02% vs. 23.81% in the control. In silico studies were then performed to study the possible binding interactions between the designed members and the target proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T. Abo-Elfadl
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Sayed
- Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University—Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University—Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asif M, Azaz T, Tiwari B, Nasibullah M. Propagative isatin in organic synthesis of spirooxindoles through catalysis. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
3
|
The Solubility Studies and the Complexation Mechanism Investigations of Biologically Active Spiro[cyclopropane-1,3'-oxindoles] with β-Cyclodextrins. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010228. [PMID: 36678857 PMCID: PMC9861668 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we first improved the aqueous solubility of biologically active spiro[cyclopropane-1,3′-oxindoles] (SCOs) via their complexation with different β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) and proposed a possible mechanism of the complex formation. β-CDs significantly increased the water solubility of SCOs (up to fourfold). Moreover, the nature of the substituents in the β-CDs influenced the solubility of the guest molecule (MβCD > SBEβCD > HPβCD). Complexation preferably occurred via the inclusion of aromatic moieties of SCOs into the hydrophobic cavity of β-CDs by the numerous van der Waals contacts and formed stable supramolecular systems. The phase solubility technique and optical microscopy were used to determine the dissociation constants of the complexes (Kc~102 M−1) and reveal a significant decrease in the size of the formed crystals. FTIR-ATR microscopy, PXRD, and 1H-1H ROESY NMR measurements, as well as molecular modeling studies, were carried out to elucidate the host−guest interaction mechanism of the complexation. Additionally, in vitro experiments were carried out and revealed enhancements in the antibacterial activity of SCOs due to their complexation with β-CDs.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lanthanoid-containing polyoxometalate nanocatalysts in the synthesis of bioactive isatin-based compounds. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12004. [PMID: 35835941 PMCID: PMC9283471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanthanoid-containing polyoxometalates (Ln-POMs) have been developed as effective and robust catalysts due to their Lewis acid–base active sites including the oxygen-enriched surfaces of POM and the unique 4f. electron configuration of Ln. As an extension of our interest in Ln-POMs, a series of as-synthesized nanocatalysts K15[Ln(BW11O39)2] (Ln-B2W22, Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, and Er) synthesized and fully characterized using different techniques. The Ln3+ ion with a big ionic radius was chosen as the Lewis acid center which is sandwiched by two mono-lacunary Keggin [BW11O39]9− units to form Ln-containing sandwiched type cluster. Consequently, the catalytic activity of nanocatalysts with different Ln was examined in the synthesis of bioactive isatin derivatives and compared under the same optimized reaction conditions in terms of yields of obtained products, indicating the superiority of the nano-Gd-B2W22 in the aforementioned simple one-pot reaction. The effects of different dosages of nanocatalyst, type of solvent, reaction time, and reaction temperature in this catalytic system were investigated and the best results were obtained in the presence of 10 mol% of nano-Gd-B2W22 in water for 12 min at the reflux condition.
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong L, Wang Y, Zhang W, Mo L, Zhang Z. Nickel supported on magnetic biochar as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the one‐pot synthesis of spirooxindole‐dihydropyridines. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Na Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Meng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei P. R. China
| | - Wan‐Lu Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ping Mo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei P. R. China
| | - Zhan‐Hui Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peiman S, Baharfar R, Hosseinzadeh R. CuI NPs immobilized on a ternary hybrid system of magnetic nanosilica, PAMAM dendrimer and trypsin, as an efficient catalyst for A3‑coupling reaction. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
7
|
Sonali Anantha IS, Kerru N, Maddila S, Jonnalagadda SB. Recent Progresses in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Dihydropyridines by Applying Sustainable Catalysts Under Green Conditions. Front Chem 2021; 9:800236. [PMID: 34993177 PMCID: PMC8724676 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.800236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of dihydropyridines, valuable molecules with diverse therapeutic properties, using eco-friendly heterogeneous catalysts as a green alternative received significant consideration. By selecting appropriate precursors, these compounds can be readily modified to induce the desired properties in the target product. This review focused on synthesising diverse dihydropyridine derivatives in single-pot reactions using magnetic, silica, and zirconium-based heterogeneous catalytic systems. The monograph describes preparation techniques for various catalyst materials in detail. It covers facile and benign magnetic, silica, zirconium-based, and ionic liquid catalysts, exhibiting significant efficacy and consistently facilitating excellent yields in short reaction times and in a cost-effective way. Most of the designated protocols employ Hantzsch reactions involving substituted aldehydes, active methylene compounds, and ammonium acetate. These reactions presumably follow Knoevenagel condensation followed by Michael addition and intra-molecular cyclisation. The multicomponent one-pot protocols using green catalysts and solvents have admirably increased the product selectivity and yields while minimising the reaction time. These sustainable catalyst materials retain their viability for several cycles reducing the expenditure are eco-friendly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaraju Kerru
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM University, Bengaluru, India
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban, South Africa
| | - Suresh Maddila
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mahmoudi B, Soleimani F, Keshtkar H, Ali Nasseri M, Kazemnejadi M. Green synthesis of trimetallic oxide nanoparticles and their use as an efficient catalyst for the green synthesis of quinoline and spirooxindoles: Antibacterial, cytotoxicity and anti-colon cancer effects. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
9
|
Baharfar R, Peiman S, Maleki B.
Fe
3
O
4
@
SiO
2
@
D‐NHCS‐Tr
as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of
indol‐3‐yl‐4
H
‐chromene via a multi‐component reaction under solvent‐free conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robabeh Baharfar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Mazandaran Babolsar Iran
| | - Sahar Peiman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Mazandaran Babolsar Iran
| | - Behrooz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nguyen TT, Mammeri F, Ammar S, Nguyen TBN, Nguyen TN, Nghiem THL, Thuy NT, Ho TA. Preparation of Fe 3O 4-Ag Nanocomposites with Silver Petals for SERS Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1288. [PMID: 34068287 PMCID: PMC8153338 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The formation of silver nanopetal-Fe3O4 poly-nanocrystals assemblies and the use of the resulting hetero-nanostructures as active substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) application are here reported. In practice, about 180 nm sized polyol-made Fe3O4 spheres, constituted by 10 nm sized crystals, were functionalized by (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) to become positively charged, which can then electrostatically interact with negatively charged silver seeds. Silver petals were formed by seed-mediated growth in presence of Ag+ cations and self-assembly, using L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as mid-reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. The resulting plasmonic structure provides a rough surface with plenty of hot spots able to locally enhance significantly any applied electrical field. Additionally, they exhibited a high enough saturation magnetization with Ms = 9.7 emu g-1 to be reversibly collected by an external magnetic field, which shortened the detection time. The plasmonic property makes the engineered Fe3O4-Ag architectures particularly valuable for magnetically assisted ultra-sensitive SERS sensing. This was unambiguously established through the successful detection, in water, of traces, (down to 10-10 M) of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (T.B.N.N.); (T.N.N.); (T.H.L.N.)
| | - Fayna Mammeri
- ITODYS, Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France; (F.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Souad Ammar
- ITODYS, Université de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France; (F.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Thi Bich Ngoc Nguyen
- Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (T.B.N.N.); (T.N.N.); (T.H.L.N.)
| | - Trong Nghia Nguyen
- Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (T.B.N.N.); (T.N.N.); (T.H.L.N.)
| | - Thi Ha Lien Nghiem
- Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (T.B.N.N.); (T.N.N.); (T.H.L.N.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Thuy
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Anh Ho
- Faculty of Engineering Physics and Nanotechnology, VNU University of Engineering and Technology, 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Doan VD, Nguyen NV, Nguyen TLH, Tran VA, Le VT. High-efficient reduction of methylene blue and 4-nitrophenol by silver nanoparticles embedded in magnetic graphene oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 30:10.1007/s11356-021-13597-z. [PMID: 33772471 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a ternary magnetically separable nanocomposite of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) embedded in magnetic graphene oxide (Ag/Fe3O4@GO) was designed and synthesized. Beta-cyclodextrin was used as a green reducing and capping agent for decorating of AgNPs on Fe3O4@GO. The fabricated material was characterized using X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The catalytic properties of the prepared Ag/Fe3O4@GO for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and methylene blue (MB) dye with sodium borohydride were investigated in detail. The morphological and structural studies revealed that Fe3O4 and AgNPs with a mean size of 12 nm were uniformly distributed on the GO sheet at high densities. The catalytic tests showed that Ag/Fe3O4@GO exhibited an ultrafast catalytic reduction of 4-NP and MB with a reduction rate constant of 0.304 min-1 and 0.448 min-1, respectively. Moreover, the catalyst demonstrated excellent stability and reusability, as evidenced by the more than 97% removal efficiency maintained after five reuse cycles. The Ag/Fe3O4@GO catalyst could be easily recovered by the magnetic separation due to the superparamagnetic nature of Fe3O4 with high saturated magnetization (45.7 emu/g). Besides, the formation of networking between the formed AgNPs and β-CD through hydrogen bonding prevented the agglomeration of AgNPs, ensuring their high catalytic ability. The leaching study showed that the dissolution of Fe and Ag from Ag/Fe3O4@GO was negligible, indicating the environmental friendliness of the synthesized catalyst. Finally, the high catalytic performance, excellent stability, and recoverability of Ag/Fe3O4@GO make it a potential candidate for the reduction of organic pollutants in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van-Dat Doan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Vy Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan-Huong Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vy Anh Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Van Thuan Le
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
- The Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saranya PV, Neetha M, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of spirooxindoles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7146-7179. [PMID: 35423236 PMCID: PMC8695110 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00139f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirooxindole is a principal bioactive agent and is observed in several natural products including alkaloids. They are broadly studied in the pharmaceutical field and have a significant role in the evolution of drugs such as anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-microbial etc. In organic chemistry, an indispensable role is presented by transition metal catalysts. An effective synthetic perspective to spirooxindoles is the use of transition metals as the catalyst. This review discusses the synthesis of spirooxindoles catalyzed by transition metals and covers literature up to 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P V Saranya
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills P O Kottayam Kerala 686560 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Soni J, Sethiya A, Sahiba N, Agarwal S. Recent advancements in organic synthesis catalyzed by graphene oxide metal composites as heterogeneous nanocatalysts. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory MLSU Udaipur India
| | - Ayushi Sethiya
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory MLSU Udaipur India
| | - Nusrat Sahiba
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory MLSU Udaipur India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory MLSU Udaipur India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shamaei A, Mahmoudi B, Kazemnejadi M, Nasseri MA. Mg‐catalyzed one‐pot preparation of benzimidazoles and spirooxindoles by an immobilized chlorophyll
b
on magnetic nanoparticles. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Shamaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
| | - Boshra Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
- Research Center Sulaimani Polytechnic University Sulaimani Iraq
| | - Milad Kazemnejadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|