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Lueckheide M, Marin A, Tagad HD, Posey ND, Prabhu VM, Andrianov AK. Monitoring Protein Complexation with Polyphosphazene Polyelectrolyte Using Automated Dynamic Light Scattering Titration and Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation and Protein Recognition Immunoassay. ACS POLYMERS AU 2023; 3:354-364. [PMID: 37841951 PMCID: PMC10571102 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphazenes represent a class of intrinsically flexible polyelectrolytes with potent immunoadjuvant activity, which is enabled through non-covalent self-assembly with antigenic proteins by charge complexation. The formation of supramolecular complexes between polyphosphazene adjuvant, poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] (PCPP), and a model vaccine antigen, hen egg lysozyme, was studied under physiological conditions using automated dynamic light scattering titration, asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and fluorescent quenching methods. Three regimes of self-assembly were observed covering complexation of PCPP with lysozyme in the nano-scale range, multi-chain complexes, and larger aggregates with complexes characterized by a maximum loading of over six hundred protein molecules per PCPP chain and dissociation constant in the micromolar range (Kd = 7 × 10-6 mol/L). The antigenicity of PCPP bound lysozyme, when compared to equivalent lysozyme solutions, was largely retained for all complexes, but observed a dramatic reduction for heavily aggregated systems. Routes to control the complexation regimes with elevated NaCl or KCl salt concentrations indicate ion-specific effects, such that more smaller-size complexes are present at higher NaCl, counterintuitive with respect to PCPP solubility arguments. While the order of mixing shows a prominent effect at lower stoichiometries of mixing, higher NaCl salt reduces the effect all together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lueckheide
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alexander Marin
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Harichandra D. Tagad
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Posey
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Vivek M. Prabhu
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alexander K. Andrianov
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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Ustun-Karatop E, Cakır-Koc R. Biocompatibility of Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)-phosphazene] Polymer: In Vitro Cytotoxicity in Cell Culture. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Ni Z, Yu H, Wang L, Shen D, Elshaarani T, Fahad S, Khan A, Haq F, Teng L. Recent research progress on polyphosphazene-based drug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:1555-1575. [PMID: 32025683 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic polymer materials have become a research hotspot in the field of drug delivery. Compared with natural polymer materials, synthetic polymer materials have more flexible structural adjustability, and can be designed to obtain clinically required delivery vehicles. Polyphosphazenes are one of the most promising biomedical materials in the future due to their controllable degradation properties and structural flexibility. These materials can be designed by controlling the hydrophilic and hydrophobic balance, introducing functional groups or drugs to form different forms of administration, such as nanoparticles, polyphosphazene-drug conjugates, injectable hydrogels, coatings, etc. In addition, the flexible backbone of polyphosphazenes and the flexibility of substitution enable them to meet researchers' design requirements in terms of stereochemistry, nanostructures, and topologies. At present, researchers have achieved a lot of successful practices in the field of targeted delivery of anticancer drugs/proteins/genes, bone tissue engineering repair, cell imaging tracking, photothermal therapy, and immunologic preparations. This review provides a summary of the progress of the recent 10 years of polyphosphazene-based drug delivery systems in terms of of chemical structure and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Di Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Tarig Elshaarani
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Shah Fahad
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Amin Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Fazal Haq
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Lison Teng
- Biological Surgery and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310003, P. R. China
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Andrianov AK, Marini A, Wang R, Chowdhury A, Agnihotri P, Yunus AS, Pierce BG, Mariuzza RA, Fuerst TR. In Vivo and In Vitro Potency of Polyphosphazene Immunoadjuvants with Hepatitis C Virus Antigen and the Role of Their Supramolecular Assembly. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:726-734. [PMID: 32530637 PMCID: PMC7755742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Two well-defined synthetic polyphosphazene immunoadjuvants, PCPP and PCEP, were studied for their ability to potentiate the immune response to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 glycoprotein antigen in vivo. We report that PCEP induced significantly higher serum neutralization and HCV-specific IgG titers in mice compared to other adjuvants used in the study: PCPP, Alum, and Addavax. PCEP also shifted the response toward the desirable balanced Th1/Th2 immunity, as evaluated by the antibody isotype ratio (IgG2a/IgG1). The in vivo results were analyzed in the context of antigen-adjuvant molecular interactions in the system and in vitro immunostimulatory activity of formulations. Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed that both PCPP and PCEP spontaneously self-assemble with the E2 glycoprotein with the formation of multimeric water-soluble complexes, which demonstrates the role of polyphosphazene macromolecules as vaccine delivery vehicles. Intrinsic in vitro immunostimulatory activity of polyphosphazene adjuvants, which was assessed using a mouse macrophage cell line, revealed comparable activities of both polymers and did not provide an explanation of their in vivo performance. However, PCEP complexes with E2 displayed greater stability against agglomeration and improved in vitro immunostimulatory activity compared to those of PCPP, which is in line with superior in vivo performance of PCEP. The results emphasize the importance of often neglected antigen-polyphosphazene self-assembly mechanisms in formulations, which can provide important insights on their in vivo behavior and facilitate the establishment of a structure-activity relationship for this important class of immunoadjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Alexander Marini
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Ananda Chowdhury
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Pragati Agnihotri
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
- W.M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Abdul S. Yunus
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Brian G. Pierce
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Roy A. Mariuzza
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
- W.M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Thomas R. Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
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Andrianov AK, Langer R. Polyphosphazene immunoadjuvants: Historical perspective and recent advances. J Control Release 2021; 329:299-315. [PMID: 33285104 PMCID: PMC7904599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of successful vaccines has been increasingly reliant on the use of immunoadjuvants - additives, which can enhance and modulate immune responses to vaccine antigens. Immunoadjuvants of the polyphosphazene family encompass synthetic biodegradable macromolecules, which attain in vivo activity via antigen delivery and immunostimulation mechanisms. Over the last decades, the technology has witnessed evolvement of next generation members, expansion to include various antigens and routes of administration, and progression to clinical phase. This was accompanied by gaining important insights into the mechanism of action and the development of a novel class of virus-mimicking nano-assemblies for antigen delivery. The present review evaluates in vitro and in vivo data generated to date in the context of latest advances in understanding the primary function and biophysical behavior of these macromolecules. It also provides an overview of relevant synthetic and characterization methods, macromolecular biodegradation pathways, and polyphosphazene-based multi-component, nanoparticulate, and microfabricated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Robert Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Hsu W, Csaba N, Alexander C, Garcia‐Fuentes M. Polyphosphazenes for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Hsin Hsu
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation School of PharmacyUniversity of Nottingham UK
| | - Noemi Csaba
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation School of PharmacyUniversity of Nottingham UK
| | - Marcos Garcia‐Fuentes
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Rangaraj VM, Singh S, Devaraju S, Wadi VS, Alhassan S, Anjum DH, Mittal V. Polypropylene/phosphazene nanotube nanocomposites: Thermal, mechanical, and flame retardation studies. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vengatesan M. Rangaraj
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University, Sas Al Nakhal Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University, Sas Al Nakhal Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Subramani Devaraju
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Sciences and HumanitiesVignan's Foundations for Science, Technology and Research Guntur India
| | - Vijay S. Wadi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University, Sas Al Nakhal Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Saeed Alhassan
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University, Sas Al Nakhal Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Dalaver H. Anjum
- Department of PhysicsKhalifa University. Main Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Vikas Mittal
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University, Sas Al Nakhal Campus Abu Dhabi UAE
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Andrianov AK, Marin A, Deng J, Fuerst TR. Protein-loaded soluble and nanoparticulate formulations of ionic polyphosphazenes and their interactions on molecular and cellular levels. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110179. [PMID: 31753403 PMCID: PMC6903416 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate and water-soluble formulations of ionic polyphosphazenes and protein cargo - lysozyme (LYZ) were prepared by their self-assembly in aqueous solutions at near physiological pH (pH 7.4) in the presence and absence of an ionic cross-linker - spermine tetrahydrochloride. Efficiency of LYZ encapsulation, physico-chemical characteristics of formulations, and the effect of reaction parameters were investigated using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. The effect of both polymer formulations on encapsulated LYZ was evaluated using soluble oligosaccharide substrate, whereas their ability to present the protein to cellular surfaces was assessed by measuring enzymatic activity of encapsulated LYZ against Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells. It was found that both soluble and cross-linked polymer matrices reduce lysis of bacterial cells by LYZ, whereas activity of encapsulated protein against oligosaccharide substrate remained practically unchanged indicating no adverse effect of polyphosphazene on protein integrity. Moreover, nanoparticulate formulations display distinctly different behavior in cellular assays when compared to their soluble counterparts. LYZ encapsulated in polyphosphazene nanoparticles shows approximately 2.5-fold higher activity in its ability to lyse cells as compared with water-soluble LYZ-PCPP formulations. A new approach to PEGylation of polyphosphazene nanoparticles was also developed. The method utilizes a new ionic polyphosphazene derivative, which contains graft (polyethylene glycol) chains. PEGylation allows for an improved control over the size of nanoparticles and broader modulation of their cross-linking density, while still permitting for protein presentation to cellular substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States.
| | - Alexander Marin
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Joseph Deng
- Department of Biology, College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, 1210 Biology - Psychology Building, 4094 Campus Drive, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Thomas R Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, 1109 Microbiology Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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10
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Andrianov AK, Marin A, Martinez AP, Weidman JL, Fuerst TR. Hydrolytically Degradable PEGylated Polyelectrolyte Nanocomplexes for Protein Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3467-3478. [PMID: 29953203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel oppositely charged polyphosphazene polyelectrolytes containing grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains were synthesized as modular components for the assembly of biodegradable PEGylated protein delivery vehicles. These macromolecular counterparts, which contained either carboxylic acid or tertiary amino groups, were then formulated at near physiological conditions into supramolecular assemblies of nanoscale level, below 100 nm. Nanocomplexes with electroneutral surface charge, as assessed by zeta potential measurements, were stable in aqueous solutions, which suggests their compact polyelectrolyte complex "core"-hydrophilic PEG "shell" structure. Investigation of PEGylated polyphosphazene nanocomplexes as agents for noncovalent PEGylation of the therapeutic protein l-asparaginase (L-ASP) in vitro demonstrated their ability to dramatically reduce protein antigenicity, as measured by antibody binding using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Encapsulation in nanocomplexes did not affect enzymatic activity of L-ASP, but improved its thermal stability and proteolytic resistance. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) experiments revealed that all synthesized polyphosphazenes exhibited composition controlled hydrolytic degradability in aqueous solutions at neutral pH and showed greater stability at lower temperatures. Overall, novel hydrolytically degradable polyphosphazene polyelectrolytes capable of spontaneous self-assembly into PEGylated nanoparticulates in aqueous solutions can potentially enable a simple and effective approach to modifying therapeutic proteins without the need for their covalent modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , University of Maryland , 9600 Gudelsky Drive , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | - Alexander Marin
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , University of Maryland , 9600 Gudelsky Drive , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | - Andre P Martinez
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , University of Maryland , 9600 Gudelsky Drive , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | - Jacob L Weidman
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , University of Maryland , 9600 Gudelsky Drive , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | - Thomas R Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research , University of Maryland , 9600 Gudelsky Drive , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics , 1109 Microbiology Building , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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Martinez AP, Qamar B, Fuerst TR, Muro S, Andrianov AK. Biodegradable "Smart" Polyphosphazenes with Intrinsic Multifunctionality as Intracellular Protein Delivery Vehicles. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2000-2011. [PMID: 28525259 PMCID: PMC7206414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of biodegradable drug delivery polymers with intrinsic multifunctionality have been designed and synthesized utilizing a polyphosphazene macromolecular engineering approach. Novel water-soluble polymers, which contain carboxylic acid and pyrrolidone moieties attached to an inorganic phosphorus-nitrogen backbone, were characterized by a suite of physicochemical methods to confirm their structure, composition, and molecular sizes. All synthesized polyphosphazenes displayed composition-dependent hydrolytic degradability in aqueous solutions at neutral pH. Their formulations were stable at lower temperatures, potentially indicating adequate shelf life, but were characterized by accelerated degradation kinetics at elevated temperatures, including 37 °C. It was found that synthesized polyphosphazenes are capable of environmentally triggered self-assembly to produce nanoparticles with narrow polydispersity in the size range of 150-700 nm. Protein loading capacity of copolymers has been validated via their ability to noncovalently bind avidin without altering biological functionality. Acid-induced membrane-disruptive activity of polyphosphazenes has been established with an onset corresponding to the endosomal pH range and being dependent on polymer composition. The synthesized polyphosphazenes facilitated cell-surface interactions followed by time-dependent, vesicular-mediated, and saturable internalization of a model protein cargo into cancer cells, demonstrating the potential for intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre P. Martinez
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Bareera Qamar
- Neurobiology and Physiology Program of the Department of Biology, 1210 Biology-Psychology Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Thomas R. Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, 1109 Microbiology Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2330 Jeong Kim Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Alexander K. Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, United States
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Ullah RS, Wang L, Yu H, Abbasi NM, Akram M, -ul-Abdin Z, Saleem M, Haroon M, Khan RU. Synthesis of polyphosphazenes with different side groups and various tactics for drug delivery. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27103k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphazenes (PPZs) are hybrid polymers comprising a main chain containing nitrogen and phosphorous linked through interchanging single and double bonds, and side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Summe Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Nasir M. Abbasi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Muhammad Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zain -ul-Abdin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Rizwan Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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Burova TV, Grinberg NV, Dubovik AS, Olenichenko EA, Orlov VN, Grinberg VY. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes of lysozyme with short poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene]. Binding energetics and protein conformational stability. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Işıklan M, Yıldırım EK, Atiş M, Sonkaya Ö, Çoşut B. Structural and computational characterization of 4′,4′,6′,6′-tetrachloro-3-(2-methoxyethyl)-3H,4H-spiro-1,3,2-benzoxaza phosphinine-2,2′- [1,3,5,2,4,6] triazatriphosphinine. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Self-assembly of polyphosphazene immunoadjuvant with poly(ethylene oxide) enables advanced nanoscale delivery modalities and regulated pH-dependent cellular membrane activity. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00102. [PMID: 27441274 PMCID: PMC4946082 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-soluble polyphosphazene polyacids, such as poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] (PCPP), have been of significant interest due to their unique immunoadjuvant and vaccine delivery properties. We report that PCPP can spontaneously self-assemble into intermolecular complexes with common formulation excipients − polyethers in aqueous solutions at neutral pH through the establishment of hydrogen bonds. The resulting advanced PCPP delivery modalities can range from macromolecular assemblies at the nanoscale level to physically cross-linked hydrogels and the physical state can be modulated through varying polymer ratios and molecular weight of polyether. It has been demonstrated that such macromolecular complexes maintain protein-binding ability − a key characteristics of the delivery system. Importantly, the non-covalent modification of PCPP immunoadjuvant with polyethers introduces pH dependent membrane disruptive activity, which is not characteristic for PCPP itself, and is typically correlated to the ability of macromolecular carrier to facilitate endosomal escape. This can potentially affect the mechanism of immunoadjuvant action displayed by PCPP, afford means for its fine-tuning, as well as provide important insights for understanding the relationship between fundamental physico-chemical characteristics of polyphosphazene immunoadjuvants and their activity in vivo.
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Burova TV, Grinberg NV, Dubovik AS, Grinberg VY. Conformational stability of bovine serum albumin in complexes with poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene]. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x15060061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Akram M, Yu H, Wang L, Khalid H, Abbasi NM, Chen Y, Ren F, Saleem M. Sustained release of hydrophilic drug from polyphosphazenes/poly(methyl methacrylate) based microspheres and their degradation study. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 58:169-79. [PMID: 26478300 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery system is referred as an approach to deliver the therapeutic agents to the target site safely in order to achieve the maximum therapeutic effects. In this perspective, synthesis of three new polyphosphazenes and their blend fabrication system with poly(methyl methacrylate) is described and characterized with (1)H NMR, (31)P NMR, GPC and DSC. Furthermore, these novel blends were used to fabricate microspheres and evaluated for sustain release of hydrophilic drug (aspirin as model drug). Microspheres of the two blends showed excellent encapsulation efficacy (about 93%), controlled burst release (2.3% to 7.93%) and exhibited sustain in vitro drug release (13.44% to 32.77%) up to 218 h. At physiological conditions, the surface degradation of microspheres and diffusion process controlled the drug release sustainability. Furthermore, it was found that the degree of porosity was increased with degradation and the resulting porous network was responsible for water retention inside the microspheres. The percentage water retention was found to be interrelated with degradation time and percentage drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hamad Khalid
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nasir M Abbasi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Fujie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Chhour P, Gallo N, Cheheltani R, Williams D, Al-Zaki A, Paik T, Nichol JL, Tian Z, Naha PC, Witschey WR, Allcock HR, Murray CB, Tsourkas A, Cormode DP. Nanodisco balls: control over surface versus core loading of diagnostically active nanocrystals into polymer nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9143-53. [PMID: 25188401 PMCID: PMC4174093 DOI: 10.1021/nn502730q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles of complex architectures can have unique properties. Self-assembly of spherical nanocrystals is a high yielding route to such systems. In this study, we report the self-assembly of a polymer and nanocrystals into aggregates, where the location of the nanocrystals can be controlled to be either at the surface or in the core. These nanospheres, when surface decorated with nanocrystals, resemble disco balls, thus the term nanodisco balls. We studied the mechanism of this surface loading phenomenon and found it to be Ca(2+) dependent. We also investigated whether excess phospholipids could prevent nanocrystal adherence. We found surface loading to occur with a variety of nanocrystal types including iron oxide nanoparticles, quantum dots, and nanophosphors, as well as sizes (10-30 nm) and shapes. Additionally, surface loading occurred over a range of polymer molecular weights (∼30-3000 kDa) and phospholipid carbon tail length. We also show that nanocrystals remain diagnostically active after loading onto the polymer nanospheres, i.e., providing contrast in the case of magnetic resonance imaging for iron oxide nanoparticles and fluorescence for quantum dots. Last, we demonstrated that a fluorescently labeled protein model drug can be delivered by surface loaded nanospheres. We present a platform for contrast media delivery, with the unusual feature that the payload can be controllably localized to the core or the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Chhour
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nicolas Gallo
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rabee Cheheltani
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dewight Williams
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ajlan Al-Zaki
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Taejong Paik
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jessica L. Nichol
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhicheng Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Pratap C. Naha
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Walter R. Witschey
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Harry R. Allcock
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Christopher B. Murray
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David P. Cormode
- Departments of Radiology, Bioengineering, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiology, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Decollibus DP, Marin A, Andrianov AK. Effect of environmental factors on hydrolytic degradation of water-soluble polyphosphazene polyelectrolyte in aqueous solutions. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:2033-8. [PMID: 20690712 DOI: 10.1021/bm100395u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of a water-soluble polyphosphazene, poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene], disodium salt (PCPP) has been studied in aqueous solutions at elevated temperature. This synthetic polyelectrolyte is of interest as vaccine adjuvant and its degradability constitutes an important component of its safety and formulation stability profiles. The degradation process is manifested by a gradual reduction in the molecular weight of the polymer and cleavage of side groups, which is consistent with previously reported data on hydrolytical breakdown of water-soluble polyphosphazenes. The kinetics of hydrolytical degradation exhibits distinct pH dependence and the process is faster in solutions with lower pH. Remarkably, a number of hydrogen bond forming additives, such as polyethylene glycol and Tween displayed a dramatic accelerating effect on the degradation of PCPP, whereas inorganic salts, such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride, showed a trend for its retardation. The results can be potentially explained on the basis of acid promoted hydrolysis mechanism and macromolecular interactions in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Decollibus
- Apogee Technology, Inc., 129 Morgan Drive, Norwood, Massachusetts 02062, USA
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Andrianov AK, Marin A, DeCollibus DP. Microneedles with Intrinsic Immunoadjuvant Properties: Microfabrication, Protein Stability, and Modulated Release. Pharm Res 2010; 28:58-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hindenlang MD, Soudakov AA, Imler GH, Laurencin CT, Nair LS, Allcock HR. Iodine-containing radio-opaque polyphosphazenes. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Andrianov AK, DeCollibus DP, Gillis HA, Kha HH, Marin A, Prausnitz MR, Babiuk LA, Townsend H, Mutwiri G. Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:18936-41. [PMID: 19864632 PMCID: PMC2770009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0908842106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intradermal immunization using microfabricated needles represents a potentially powerful technology, which can enhance immune responses and provide antigen sparing. Solid vaccine formulations, which can be coated onto microneedle patches suitable for simple administration, can also potentially offer improved shelf-life. However the approach is not fully compatible with many vaccine adjuvants including alum, the most common adjuvant used in the vaccine market globally. Here, we introduce a polyphosphazene immuno adjuvant as a biologically potent and synergistic constituent of microneedle-based intradermal immunization technology. Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene], PCPP, functions both as a vaccine adjuvant and as a key microfabrication material. When used as part of an intradermal delivery system for hepatitis B surface antigen, PCPP demonstrates superior activity in pigs compared to intramascular administration and significant antigen sparing potential. It also accelerates the microneedle fabrication process and reduces its dependence on the use of surfactants. In this way, PCPP-coated microneedles may enable effective intradermal vaccination from an adjuvanted patch delivery system.
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Feng Z, Fan G, Wang H, Gao C, Shen J. Polyphosphazene Microcapsules Fabricated through Covalent Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:448-52. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Krogman NR, Hindenlang MD, Nair LS, Laurencin CT, Allcock HR. Synthesis of Purine- and Pyrimidine-Containing Polyphosphazenes: Physical Properties and Hydrolytic Behavior. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8008417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Krogman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Mark D. Hindenlang
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Lakshmi S. Nair
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Harry R. Allcock
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904; and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
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Zhu L, Zhu Y, Pan Y, Huang Y, Huang X, Tang X. Fully Crosslinked Poly[cyclotriphosphazene-co-(4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol)] Microspheres via Precipitation Polymerization and Their Superior Thermal Properties. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.200600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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