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Yousaf R, Khan MI, Akhtar MF, Madni A, Sohail MF, Saleem A, Irshad K, Sharif A, Rana M. Development and in-vitro evaluation of chitosan and glyceryl monostearate based matrix lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for oral delivery of itraconazole. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14281. [PMID: 36925532 PMCID: PMC10010992 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole (ICZ) is a broad spectrum antifungal drug, but used as second or third line therapy due to its low and erratic oral bioavailability. This work was carried out to prepare and characterize matrix type lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for dissolution enhancement of ICZ. LPHNPs were prepared using solvent diffusion/emulsification technique. Matrix LPHNPs were composed of chitosan (polymer), glyceryl monostearate (lipid) and poloxamer 188 (stabilizer). LPHNPs loaded with ICZ (LPHNPs-1, LPHNPs-2, LPHNPs-3 and LPHNPs-4) were developed using varying concentration of chitosan whereas LPHNPs (LPHNPs-5, LPHNPs-6, LPHNPs-7 and LPHNPs-8) were prepared using varying concentrations of poloxamer 188. LPHNPs loaded with ICZ were further evaluated for entrapment efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and dissolution profiles at biorelevant pH conditions. The particle size (LPHNPs-1 to LPHNPs-4) was found to be in range of 421-588 nm with PDI values 0.34-0.41. The particles size of LPHNPs-5 to LPHNPs-8 was found to be in range of 489-725 nm with PDI 0.34-0.74. The entrapment efficiency of LPHNPs-1 to LPHNPs-4 was found to be in range of 85.21%-91.34%. The entrapment efficiency of LPHNPs-5 to LPHNPs-8 was found to be in range 78.32%-90.44%. . The scanning electron microscopy of optimized formulations LPHNPs-1 and LPHNPs-5 indicated formation of oval shaped nanoparticles. DSC thermogram of ICZ loaded LPHNPs also depicted the conversion of crystalline form of ICZ into amorphous form demonstrating the internalization and dissolution enhancement of drug in the hybrid matrix. The cumulative drug dissolved at acidic pH 1.2 was found to be 23.3% and 19.8% for LPHNPs-1 and LPHNPs-5 respectively. Similarly at basic pH values 7.4, cumulative amount of drug dissolved was 90.2% and 83.4% for LPHNPs-1 and LPHNPs-5 respectively. Drug dissolution kinetics exhibited fickian diffusion best described by Korse-meyer Peppas model. The results suggested that chitosan and glyceryl monostearate based matrix LPHNPs could be used as promising approach for dissolution enhancement of ICZ which could further increase its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Yousaf
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhan Sohail
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Irshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Rana
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
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Safdar R, Thanabalan M. Developments in insulin delivery and potential of chitosan for controlled release application: A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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3
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Peng S, Song H, Chen Y, Li S, Guan X. Oral Delivery of Food-derived Bioactive Peptides: Challenges and Strategies. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2062772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Peng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongdong Song
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Hamedi H, Moradi S, Hudson SM, Tonelli AE, King MW. Chitosan based bioadhesives for biomedical applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Akopova TA, Demina TS, Khavpachev MA, Popyrina TN, Grachev AV, Ivanov PL, Zelenetskii AN. Hydrophobic Modification of Chitosan via Reactive Solvent-Free Extrusion. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2807. [PMID: 34451348 PMCID: PMC8399264 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobic derivatives of polysaccharides possess an amphiphilic behavior and are widely used as rheological modifiers, selective sorbents, and stabilizers for compositions intended for various applications. In this work, we studied the mechanochemical reactions of chitosan alkylation when interacting with docosylglycidyl and hexadecylglycidyl ethers in the absence of solvents at shear deformation in a pilot twin-screw extruder. The chemical structure and physical properties of the obtained derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical tests. According to calculations for products soluble in aqueous media, it was possible to introduce about 5-12 hydrophobic fragments per chitosan macromolecule with a degree of polymerization of 500-2000. The length of the carbon chain of the alkyl substituent significantly affects its reactivity under the chosen conditions of mechanochemical synthesis. It was shown that modification disturbs the packing ability of the macromolecules, resulting in an increase of plasticity and drop in the elastic modulus of the film made from the hydrophobically modified chitosan samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Akopova
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
| | - Tatiana S. Demina
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
| | - Mukhamed A. Khavpachev
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
| | - Tatiana N. Popyrina
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
| | - Andrey V. Grachev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina St., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel L. Ivanov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
| | - Alexander N. Zelenetskii
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (T.S.D.); (M.A.K.); (T.N.P.); (P.L.I.); (A.N.Z.)
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6
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Oral peptide delivery: challenges and the way ahead. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:931-950. [PMID: 33444788 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins have emerged as potential therapeutic agents and, in the search for the best treatment regimen, the oral route has been extensively evaluated because of its non-invasive and safe nature. The physicochemical properties of peptides and proteins along with the hurdles in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as degrading enzymes and permeation barriers, are challenges to their delivery. To address these challenges, several conventional and novel approaches, such as nanocarriers, site-specific and stimuli specific delivery, are being used. In this review, we discuss the challenges to the oral delivery of peptides and the approaches used to tackle these challenges.
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Fuchs S, Ernst AU, Wang LH, Shariati K, Wang X, Liu Q, Ma M. Hydrogels in Emerging Technologies for Type 1 Diabetes. Chem Rev 2020; 121:11458-11526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fuchs
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alexander U. Ernst
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kaavian Shariati
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Xi Wang
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Minglin Ma
- Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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8
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Finbloom JA, Sousa F, Stevens MM, Desai TA. Engineering the drug carrier biointerface to overcome biological barriers to drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 167:89-108. [PMID: 32535139 PMCID: PMC10822675 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Micro and nanoscale drug carriers must navigate through a plethora of dynamic biological systems prior to reaching their tissue or disease targets. The biological obstacles to drug delivery come in many forms and include tissue barriers, mucus and bacterial biofilm hydrogels, the immune system, and cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking. The biointerface of drug carriers influences how these carriers navigate and overcome biological barriers for successful drug delivery. In this review, we examine how key material design parameters lead to dynamic biointerfaces and improved drug delivery across biological barriers. We provide a brief overview of approaches used to engineer key physicochemical properties of drug carriers, such as morphology, surface chemistry, and topography, as well as the development of dynamic responsive materials for barrier navigation. We then discuss essential biological barriers and how biointerface engineering can enable drug carriers to better navigate and overcome these barriers to drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel A Finbloom
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Flávia Sousa
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of oleoyl-chitosan derivatives as enhancers for ferrous ions nano-delivery using Caco-2 cell model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Abou-ElNour M, Soliman ME, Skouras A, Casettari L, Geneidi AS, Ishak RAH. Microparticles-in-Thermoresponsive/Bioadhesive Hydrogels as a Novel Integrated Platform for Effective Intra-articular Delivery of Triamcinolone Acetonide. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1963-1978. [PMID: 32271590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intra-articular (IA) injection of thermoresponsive hydrogels coupled with microparticles (MPs) possess the benefit of sustaining the anti-inflammatory drug effect within the joint cavity for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Star-shaped thermoresponsive poly(polyethylene glycol) methacrylate [Poly(PEGMA)] copolymers were synthesized using free radical polymerization technique and fully characterized. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-loaded PLA/mPEG-PDL MPs, previously optimized, were integrated into the synthesized copolymer solutions at various concentrations and tested for their gelation temperatures. The MPs-in-hydrogel formulations were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), viscosity measurements, ex vivo bioadhesion, and in vitro release studies. The anti-inflammatory effect of integrated systems was assessed in adjuvant-induced monoarthritic rat knee joints and compared to Kenacort and TA-loaded MPs. Two copolymers were successfully synthesized; G-1 = poly(PEGMA188-ME-co-PEGMA475-ME) and G-2 = poly(PEGMA246-EE-co-PEGMA475-ME). Using the tube inversion technique, the gel formation was found dependent on copolymer concentration. An irreversible aggregation was obtained at copolymer concentrations ≤10% (w/v), while a gel was formed at 20 and 30% (w/v) of both copolymers upon increasing temperature. The MP-hydrogel formulations were optimized at 20 and 30% (w/v) of G-1 and G-2 with gelation temperatures of 33 and 37 °C, respectively. SEM images revealed the porous microstructures of hydrogels and their adsorption on MP surfaces. The integrated formulas showed pseudoplastic behaviors, while the bioadhesion study confirmed their bioadhesiveness on excised cartilage. The in vitro release study confirmed drug sustainment from MPs-hydrogels compared to MPs. In vivo studies proved the superiority of MP-in-hydrogels in treatment of induced arthritis, relative to Kenacort and MPs alone, suggesting the applicability of this integrated platform in IA drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Abou-ElNour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Athanasios Skouras
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, Pesaro and Urbino, Italy
| | - Ahmed S Geneidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Rania A H Ishak
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Monazzamet Elwehda Elafrikeya Street, Abbaseyya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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11
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Tong X, Pan W, Su T, Zhang M, Dong W, Qi X. Recent advances in natural polymer-based drug delivery systems. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Jaber N, Aiedeh K. Sorption behavior and release kinetics of iron (II) ions by oleoyl chitosan polymeric nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Ghadiri M, Young PM, Traini D. Strategies to Enhance Drug Absorption via Nasal and Pulmonary Routes. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030113. [PMID: 30861990 PMCID: PMC6470976 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic agents such as proteins, peptides, and nucleic acid-based agents are being developed every year, making it vital to find a non-invasive route such as nasal or pulmonary for their administration. However, a major concern for some of these newly developed therapeutic agents is their poor absorption. Therefore, absorption enhancers have been investigated to address this major administration problem. This paper describes the basic concepts of transmucosal administration of drugs, and in particular the use of the pulmonary or nasal routes for administration of drugs with poor absorption. Strategies for the exploitation of absorption enhancers for the improvement of pulmonary or nasal administration are discussed, including use of surfactants, cyclodextrins, protease inhibitors, and tight junction modulators, as well as application of carriers such as liposomes and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Ghadiri
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Paul M Young
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Entrapment of proteins and peptides in chitosan-polyphosphoric acid hydrogel beads: A new approach to achieve both high entrapment efficiency and controlled in vitro release. Food Chem 2018; 239:1200-1209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Harloff-Helleberg S, Nielsen LH, Nielsen HM. Animal models for evaluation of oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. J Control Release 2017; 268:57-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Bartkowiak A, Rojewska M, Biadasz A, Lulek J, Prochaska K. Surface properties and morphology of selected polymers and their blends designed to mucoadhesive dosage forms. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Nur M, Vasiljevic T. Can natural polymers assist in delivering insulin orally? Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:889-901. [PMID: 28552728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most grave and lethal non communicable diseases. Insulin is normally used to medicate diabetes. Due to bioavailability issues, the most regular route of administration is through injection, which may pose compliance problems to treatment. The oral administration thus appears as a suitable alternative, but with several important problems. Low stability of insulin in the gastrointestinal tract and low intestinal permeation are some of the issues. Encapsulation of insulin into polymer-based particles emerges as a plausible strategy. Different encapsulation approaches and polymers have been used in this regard. Polymers with different characteristics from natural or synthetic origin have been assessed to attain this goal, with natural polymers being preferable. Natural polymers studied so far include chitosan, alginate, carrageenan, starch, pectin, casein, tragacanth, dextran, carrageenan, gelatine and cyclodextrin. While some promising knowledge and results have been gained, a polymeric-based particle system to deliver insulin orally has not been introduced onto the market yet. In this review, effectiveness of different natural polymer materials developed so far along with fabrication techniques are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhamad Nur
- Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, 8001, Australia; Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Todor Vasiljevic
- Advanced Food Systems Research Unit, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, 8001, Australia.
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Zhang L, Xing X, Ding J, Zhao X, Qi G. Surfactin variants for intra-intestinal delivery of insulin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 115:218-228. [PMID: 28302403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Surfactin is a Bacillus-produced natural lipopeptide, which can overcome the epithelial cell barriers for orally delivering insulin, but its ability to promote uptake of insulin by the intestine need to be further improved for a higher oral bioavailability. Here, we designed and synthesized several surfactin variants to improve its ability for oral delivery of insulin. Firstly, we replaced Glu with Gln in surfactin for decreasing its negative charges, but found this replacement weakened its ability to orally delivery insulin. We further chemically synthesized surfactin variant by replacing its fatty acid chain (C15) with a shortened one (C14), and found this replacement did not influence its ability to orally deliver insulin. Lastly, we replaced its amino acids (Leu) with more hydrophobic ones (Ile), and found the replacement could significantly improve its ability to deliver insulin, with a maximal blood glucose decrease to 27.33% of the initial level and an insulin bioavailability of 18.25%. We also replaced its amino acids of Leu with Val, and Val with Ile, and found this replacement could also significantly improve its ability to deliver insulin with a maximal blood glucose decrease to 18.36% of the initial level and a high insulin bioavailability of 26.32% in diabetic mice. Further analysis by CD, we found the surfactin variants with more hydrophobic amino acid residuals significantly induced insulin from rigid (α-helix) to flexible structure (β-sheet and random coil), that is favorable for insulin to permeate across the intestine epithelial membrane. Collectively, surfactin variants with more hydrophobicity are very potential for delivery of insulin in the everyday control of blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoying Xing
- College of Life Science and Technology, Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jia Ding
- College of Life Science and Technology, Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gaofu Qi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Zhang L, Gao Z, Zhao X, Qi G. A natural lipopeptide of surfactin for oral delivery of insulin. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:2084-93. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2016.1153745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Schulz JD, Gauthier MA, Leroux JC. Improving oral drug bioavailability with polycations? Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 97:427-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Ma G. Microencapsulation of protein drugs for drug delivery: strategy, preparation, and applications. J Control Release 2014; 193:324-40. [PMID: 25218676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bio-degradable poly(lactide) (PLA)/poly(lactide-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan microspheres (or microcapsules) have important applications in Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) of protein/peptide drugs. By encapsulating protein/peptide drugs in the microspheres, the serum drug concentration can be maintained at a higher constant value for a prolonged time, or injection formulation can be changed to orally or mucosally administered formulation. PLA/PLGA and chitosan are most often used in injection formulation and oral formulation. However, in the preparation and applications of PLA/PLGA and chitosan microspheres containing protein/peptide drugs, the problems of broad size distribution and poor reproducibility of microspheres, and deactivation of protein during the preparation, storage and release, are still big challenges. In this article, the techniques for control of the diameter of microspheres and microcapsules will be introduced at first, then the strategies about how to maintain the bioactivity of protein drugs during preparation and drug release will be reviewed and developed in our research group. The membrane emulsification techniques including direct membrane emulsification and rapid membrane emulsification processes were developed to prepare uniform-sized microspheres, the diameter of microspheres can be controlled from submicron to 100μm by these two processes, and the reproducibility of products can be guaranteed. Furthermore, compared with conventional stirring method, the big advantages of membrane emulsification process were that the uniform microspheres with much higher encapsulation efficiency can be obtained, and the release behavior can be adjusted by selecting microsphere size. Mild membrane emulsification condition also can prevent the deactivation of proteins, which frequently occurred under high shear force in mechanical stirring, sonification, and homogenization methods. The strategies for maintaining the bioactivity of protein drug were developed, such as adding additives into protein solution, using solid drug powder instead of protein solution, and employing hydrophilic poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PELA) as a wall material for encapsulation in PLA/PLGA microspheres/microcapsules; developing step-wise crosslinking process, self-solidification process, and adsorbing protein drug into preformed chitosan microsphere with hollow-porous morphology for encapsulation in chitosan microsphere. As a result, animal test demonstrated that PELA microcapsules with uniform size and containing recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) can maintain higher blood drug concentration for 2months, and increased animal weight more apparently only by single dose, compared with PLA and PLGA microcapsules; hollow-porous chitosan microsphere loading insulin decreased blood glucose level largely when it was used as a carrier for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, No. 1 Bei-Er-Tiao, Zhong-Guan-Cun, Beijing 100190, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), No.92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
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Wang L, Li L, Sun Y, Ding J, Li J, Duan X, Li Y, Junyaprasert VB, Mao S. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chitosan graft glyceryl monooleate as peroral delivery carrier of enoxaparin. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:391-9. [PMID: 24882036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper a novel copolymer, chitosan graft glyceryl monooleate (CS-GO) was synthesized and its potential as the nanocarrier for enhancing the peroral delivery of enoxaparin was studied systemically. The successful synthesis was characterized by (1)H NMR. Enoxaparin nanocomplexes were prepared by self-assembly. Mucoadhesive properties of the nanocomplexes were evaluated using mucin particle method. Uptake and transport of the nanocomplexes were investigated in Caco-2 cells. In vivo absorption was studied in rats. The therapeutic effects of the nanocomplexes were evaluated using pulmonary thromboembolism model in mice. This study demonstrated that compared to chitosan based system, hydrophobic modification of CS with GO enhanced the oral absorption of enoxaparin significantly, which is in good agreement with the enhanced mucoadhesion, cellular internalization and transport in cell culture. Cellular uptake of CS-GO based enoxaparin nanocomplexes was incubation time, enoxaparin concentration and incubation temperature dependent. The uptake mechanism was assumed to be adsorptive endocytosis via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated process. Its therapeutic efficacy was further demonstrated by pharmacodynamic study with pulmonary thromboembolism inhibition percentage 47.1%. In conclusion, CS-GO copolymer is a promising nanocarrier for enhancing the oral absorption of enoxaparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaopin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Varaporn B Junyaprasert
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Autthaya, Rajathavee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Lim HP, Tey BT, Chan ES. Particle designs for the stabilization and controlled-delivery of protein drugs by biopolymers: a case study on insulin. J Control Release 2014; 186:11-21. [PMID: 24816070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural biopolymers have attracted considerable interest for the development of delivery systems for protein drugs owing to their biocompatibility, non-toxicity, renewability and mild processing conditions. This paper offers an overview of the current status and future perspectives of particle designs using biopolymers for the stabilization and controlled-delivery of a model protein drug--insulin. We first describe the design criteria for polymeric encapsulation and subsequently classify the basic principles of particle fabrication as well as the existing particle designs for oral insulin encapsulation. The performances of these existing particle designs in terms of insulin stability and in vitro release behavior in acidic and alkaline media, as well as their in vivo performance are compared and reviewed. This review forms the basis for future works on the optimization of particle design and material formulation for the development of an improved oral delivery system for protein drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Peng Lim
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Beng-Ti Tey
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Eng-Seng Chan
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia.
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24
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Zhang C, Jia X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Yang S, Guo J. Thermosensitive molecularly imprinted hydrogel cross-linked with N
-malely chitosan for the recognition and separation of BSA. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:419-26. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cenjin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
| | - Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
| | - Junxia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha P. R. China
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Wang L, Li L, Sun Y, Tian Y, Li Y, Li C, Junyaprasert VB, Mao S. Exploration of hydrophobic modification degree of chitosan-based nanocomplexes on the oral delivery of enoxaparin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:263-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Ling MH, Chen MC. Dissolving polymer microneedle patches for rapid and efficient transdermal delivery of insulin to diabetic rats. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:8952-61. [PMID: 23816646 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a dissolving microneedle patch, composed of starch and gelatin, for the rapid and efficient transdermal delivery of insulin. The microneedles completely dissolve after insertion into the skin for 5 min, quickly releasing their encapsulated payload into the skin. A histological examination shows that the microneedles have sufficient mechanical strength to be inserted in vitro into porcine skin to a depth of approximately 200 μm and in vivo into rat skin to 200-250 μm depth. This penetration depth does not induce notable skin irritation or pain sensation. To evaluate the feasibility of using these dissolving microneedles for diabetes treatment insulin-loaded microneedles were administered to diabetic rats using a homemade applicator. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic results show a similar hypoglycemic effect in rats receiving insulin-loaded microneedles and a subcutaneous injection of insulin. The relative pharmacological availability and relative bioavailability of insulin were both approximately 92%, demonstrating that insulin retains its pharmacological activity after encapsulation and release from the microneedles. Storage stability analysis confirms that more than 90% of the insulin remained in the microneedles even after storage at 25 or 37°C for 1 month. These results confirm that the proposed starch/gelatin microneedles enable stable encapsulation of bioactive molecules and have great potential for transdermal delivery of protein drugs in a relatively painless, rapid, and convenient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hung Ling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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27
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Poly methacrylic acid modified CDHA nanocomposites as potential pH responsive drug delivery vehicles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 108:219-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Sonia T, Sharma CP. N-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium polydimethylaminoethylmethacrylate sub-microparticles for oral delivery of insulin—An in vitro evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 107:205-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Burova TV, Grinberg NV, Tur DR, Papkov VS, Dubovik AS, Shibanova ED, Bairamashvili DI, Grinberg VY, Khokhlov AR. Ternary interpolyelectrolyte complexes insulin-poly(methylaminophosphazene)-dextran sulfate for oral delivery of insulin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:2273-2281. [PMID: 23339768 DOI: 10.1021/la303860t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ternary interpolyelectrolyte complexes of insulin with biodegradable synthetic cationic polymer, poly(methylaminophosphazene) hydrochloride (PMAP), and dextran sulfate (DS) were investigated by means of turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering, phase analysis, and high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry. Formation of ternary insoluble stoichiometric Insulin-PMAP-DS complexes was detected under conditions imitating the human gastric environment (pH 2, 0.15 M NaCl). A complete immobilization of insulin in the complexes was observed in a wide range of the reaction mixture compositions. The ternary complexes were shown to dissolve and dissociate under conditions imitating the human intestinal environment (pH 8.3, 0.15 M NaCl). The products of the complex dissociation were free insulin and soluble binary Insulin-PMAP complexes. The conformational stability of insulin in the soluble complexes of various compositions was investigated by high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry. The dependence of the excess denaturation free energy of insulin in these complexes on the PMAP content was obtained. The binding constants of the folded and unfolded forms of insulin to the PMAP polycation were estimated. Proteolysis of insulin involved in the insoluble ternary complexes by pepsin was investigated under physiological conditions. It was found that the complexes ensure an almost 100% protection of insulin against proteolytic degradation. The obtained results provide a perspective basis for development of oral insulin preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Burova
- AN Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Fonseca AC, Ferreira P, Cordeiro RA, Mendonça PV, Góis JR, Gil MH, Coelho JFJ. Drug Delivery Systems for Predictive Medicine: Polymers as Tools for Advanced Applications. NEW STRATEGIES TO ADVANCE PRE/DIABETES CARE: INTEGRATIVE APPROACH BY PPPM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5971-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Robles E, Villar E, Alatorre-Meda M, Burboa MG, Valdez MA, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Effects of the hydrophobization on chitosan-insulin nanoparticles obtained by an alkylation reaction on chitosan. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Chaturvedi K, Ganguly K, Nadagouda MN, Aminabhavi TM. Polymeric hydrogels for oral insulin delivery. J Control Release 2012; 165:129-38. [PMID: 23159827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The search for an effective and reliable oral insulin delivery system has been a major challenge facing pharmaceutical scientists for over many decades. Even though innumerable carrier systems that protect insulin from degradation in the GIT with improved membrane permeability and biological activity have been developed, yet a clinically acceptable device is not available for human application. Efforts in this direction are continuing at an accelerated speed. One of the preferred systems widely explored is based on polymeric hydrogels that protect insulin from enzymatic degradation in acidic stomach and delivers effectively in the intestine. Swelling and deswelling mechanisms of the hydrogel under varying pH conditions of the body control the release of insulin. The micro and nanoparticle (NP) hydrogel devices based on biopolymers have been widely explored, but their applications in human insulin therapy are still far from satisfactory. The present review highlights the recent findings on hydrogel-based devices for oral delivery of insulin. Literature data are critically assessed and results from different laboratories are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Chaturvedi
- Soniya Education Trust's College of Pharmacy, S.R. Nagar, Dharwad, India
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33
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Sonia T, Sharma CP. An overview of natural polymers for oral insulin delivery. Drug Discov Today 2012; 17:784-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2012.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sonia TA, Sharma CP. In vitro evaluation of quaternized polydimethylaminoethylmethacrylate sub-microparticles for oral insulin delivery. J Biomater Appl 2012; 28:62-73. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328212437392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This investigation describes the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of cationic hydrogel sub-microparticles based on polydimethylaminoethylmethacrylate for oral insulin delivery. Polymerization of dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate was carried out in aqueous medium with potassium persulfate as the initiator. Quaternization of the resulting hydrogel was carried out to introduce cationic surface groups and the derivatization was confirmed by zeta potential measurements, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopies. Swelling behavior of these particles was evaluated for dependence of pH. Insulin-loaded particles were subjected to in vitro release experiments at gastric and intestinal pH. Moreover, cytotoxicity evaluation showed that both polydimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and its quaternized derivative were non-toxic to Caco-2 and L929 cell lines. The presence of quaternary ammonium groups improved the cationic charge and enhanced the mucoadhesive properties of the hydrogel. Confocal microscopic observations showed that these sub-microparticles were capable of opening tight junctions between the Caco-2 cells and thus increased the paracellular permeability. The above studies suggest that cationic hydrogel sub-microparticles can act as a good candidate for oral insulin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- TA Sonia
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, India
| | - Chandra P Sharma
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, India
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Rekha MR, Sharma CP. Oral delivery of therapeutic protein/peptide for diabetes--future perspectives. Int J Pharm 2012; 440:48-62. [PMID: 22503954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in epidemic proportions. A type I diabetic patient is dependent on daily injections of insulin, for survival and also to maintain a normal life, which is uncomfortable, painful and also has deleterious effects. Extensive efforts are being made worldwide for developing noninvasive drug delivery systems, especially via oral route. Oral route is the most widely accepted means of administration. However it is not feasible for direct delivery of peptide and protein drugs. To overcome the gastro-intestinal barriers various types of formulations such as polymeric micro/nanoparticles, liposomes, etc. are investigated. In the recent years lot of advances have taken place in developing and understanding the oral peptide delivery systems. Simultaneously, the development and usage of other peptides having anti-diabetic potentials are also considered for diabetes therapy. In this review we are focusing on the advances reported during the past decade in the field of oral insulin delivery along with the possibility of other peptidic incretin hormones such as GLP-1, exendin-4, for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Rekha
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
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Mundargi RC, Rangaswamy V, Aminabhavi TM. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel microparticles for oral insulin delivery. J Microencapsul 2011; 28:384-94. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.576782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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37
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Rekha MR, Sharma CP. Glutamine-chitosan microparticles as oral insulin delivery matrix: In vitro characterization. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chitosan and Its Derivatives for Drug Delivery Perspective. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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