1
|
Ko B, Jeon N, Kim J, Kang H, Seong J, Yun S, Badloe T, Rho J. Hydrogels for active photonics. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:1. [PMID: 38169527 PMCID: PMC10757998 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00609-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional photonic devices exhibit static optical properties that are design-dependent, including the material's refractive index and geometrical parameters. However, they still possess attractive optical responses for applications and are already exploited in devices across various fields. Hydrogel photonics has emerged as a promising solution in the field of active photonics by providing primarily deformable geometric parameters in response to external stimuli. Over the past few years, various studies have been undertaken to attain stimuli-responsive photonic devices with tunable optical properties. Herein, we focus on the recent advancements in hydrogel-based photonics and micro/nanofabrication techniques for hydrogels. In particular, fabrication techniques for hydrogel photonic devices are categorized into film growth, photolithography (PL), electron-beam lithography (EBL), and nanoimprint lithography (NIL). Furthermore, we provide insights into future directions and prospects for deformable hydrogel photonics, along with their potential practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoungsu Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwa Seong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Yun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Trevon Badloe
- Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, 37673 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ko B, Kim J, Yang Y, Badloe T, Park J, Ko JH, Jeong M, Kang H, Jung C, Song YM, Rho J. Humidity-Responsive RGB-Pixels via Swelling of 3D Nanoimprinted Polyvinyl Alcohol. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204469. [PMID: 36373672 PMCID: PMC9839877 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Humidity-responsive structural coloration is actively investigated to realize real-time humidity sensors for applications in smart farming, food storage, and healthcare management. Here, humidity-tunable nano pixels are investigated with a 700 nm resolution that demonstrates full standard RGB (sRGB) gamut coverage with a millisecond-response time. The color pixels are designed as Fabry-Pérot (F-P) etalons which consist of an aluminum mirror substrate, humidity-responsive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) spacer, and a top layer of disordered silver nanoparticles (NPs). The measured volume change of the PVA reaches up to 62.5% when the relative humidity (RH) is manipulated from 20 to 90%. The disordered silver NP layer permits the penetration of water molecules into the PVA layer, enhancing the speed of absorption and swelling down to the millisecond level. Based on the real-time response of the hydrogel-based F-P etalons with a high-throughput 3D nanoimprint technique, a high-resolution multicolored color print that can have potential applications in display technologies and optical encryption, is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoungsu Ko
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwan Yang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Trevon Badloe
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Park
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Ko
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)Gwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Jeong
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Chunghwan Jung
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)Gwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
- POSCO‐POSTECH‐RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and MetaphotonicsPohang37673Republic of Korea
- National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology (NINT)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haldar K, Tirumkudulu MS, Jain A, Blackwood DO, Berchielli A, Doshi P. Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Rapid Environmental Changes on Stress Distribution in Tablet Coatings. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:30. [PMID: 36577920 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Drying-induced cracks in tablet coatings are undesirable as they not only affect tablet's appearance, but they may also interfere with its function. While it is well known that tensile stresses in the coating are responsible for coating failures, few have measured the stress in tablet coatings, especially when exposed to rapid environmental changes. In this study, two commercial tablet coatings based on Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) and Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) are exposed to rapid variations in temperature and humidity to observe the variation in residual stress. Reducing temperature at a fixed humidity or reducing humidity at fixed temperature, both lead to high residual stresses. When both the humidity and temperature were reduced together, the residual stresses were very high causing delamination in the PVA-based film and cracking in the HPMC-based film. The changes in residual stress are almost instantaneous for the HPMC-based film while it is slower for the PVA-based film. The results highlight the importance of environmental conditions on the residual stress in the film and the resulting coating failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashwin Jain
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniel O Blackwood
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alfred Berchielli
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Pankaj Doshi
- Pfizer Products India Private Limited, Mumbai, 400051, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Teixeira MA, Antunes JC, Seabra CL, Tohidi SD, Reis S, Amorim MTP, Felgueiras HP. Tiger 17 and pexiganan as antimicrobial and hemostatic boosters of cellulose acetate-containing poly(vinyl alcohol) electrospun mats for potential wound care purposes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1526-1541. [PMID: 35469947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we propose to engineer a nanostructured mat that can simultaneously kill bacteria and promote an environment conducive to healing for prospective wound care. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose acetate (CA) were combined at different polymer ratios (100/0, 90/10, 80/20% v/v), electrospun and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde vapor. Crosslinked fibers increased in diameter (from 194 to 278 nm), retaining their uniform structure. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analyses proved the excellent miscibility between polymers. CA incorporation incremented the fibers swelling capacity and reduced the water vapor and air permeabilities of the mats, preventing the excessive drying of wounds. The antimicrobial peptide cys-pexiganan and the immunoregulatory peptide Tiger 17 were incorporated onto the mats via polyethylene glycol spacer (hydroxyl-PEG2-maleimide) and physisorbed, respectively. Time-kill kinetics evaluations revealed the mats effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tiger 17 played a major role in accelerating clotting of re-calcified plasma. Data reports for the first time the collaborative effect of pexiganan and Tiger 17 against bacterial infections and in boosting hemostasis. Cytocompatibility data verified the peptide-modified mats safety. Croslinked 90/10 PVA/CA mats were deemed the most promising combination due to their moderate hydrophilicity and permeabilities, swelling capacity, and high yields of peptide loading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Teixeira
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana C Antunes
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Seabra
- Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Departament of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Shafagh D Tohidi
- Digital Transformation Colab (DTX), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Salette Reis
- Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Departament of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Teresa P Amorim
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena P Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sayar Dogahe K, Akbari S, Haghighat Kish M. Physico‐mechanical properties of poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (vinyl alcohol)/boric acid, and poly (vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites incorporated with amino‐functionalized and pristine halloysite nanotubes films. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Sayar Dogahe
- Textile Engineering Department School of Materials and Advanced Processes Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Somaye Akbari
- Textile Engineering Department School of Materials and Advanced Processes Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Haghighat Kish
- Textile Engineering Department School of Materials and Advanced Processes Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Multi-Functional Properties of MWCNT/PVA Buckypapers Fabricated by Vacuum Filtration Combined with Hot Press: Thermal, Electrical and Electromagnetic Shielding. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122503. [PMID: 33327367 PMCID: PMC7764874 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The applications of pure multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) buckypapers are still limited due to their unavoidable micro/nano-sized pores structures. In this work, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added to a uniform MWCNTs suspension to form MWCNT/PVA buckypapers by vacuum infiltration combined with a hot press method. The results showed an improvement in the thermal, electrical, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties due to the formation of dense MWCNTs networks. The thermal and electrical properties rose from 1.394 W/m·k to 2.473 W/m·k and 463.5 S/m to 714.3 S/m, respectively. The EMI performance reached 27.08 dB. On the other hand, ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the coupled temperature-displacement performance. The electronic component module with buckypapers revealed a homogeneous temperature and thermal stress distribution. In sum, the proposed method looks promising for the easy preparation of multi-functional nanocomposites at low-cost.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gonzalez-Martinez JF, Kakar E, Erkselius S, Rehnberg N, Sotres J. Effect of Relative Humidity on the Viscoelasticity of Thin Organic Films Studied by Contact Thermal Noise AFM. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6015-6023. [PMID: 30965008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Material scientists are in need of experimental techniques that facilitate a quantitative mechanical characterization of mesoscale materials and, therefore, their rational design. An example is that of thin organic films, as their performance often relates to their ability to withstand use without damage. The mechanical characterization of thin films has benefited from the emergence of the atomic force microscope (AFM). In this regard, it is of relevance that most soft materials are not elastic but viscoelastic instead. While most AFM operation modes and analysis procedures are suitable for elasticity studies, the use of AFM for quantitative viscoelastic characterizations is still a challenge. This is now an emerging topic due to recent developments in contact resonance AFM. The aim of this work was to further explore the potential of this technique by investigating its sensitivity to viscoelastic changes induced by environmental parameters, specifically humidity. Here, we show that by means of this experimental approach, it was possible to quantitatively monitor the influence of humidity on the viscoelasticity of two different thin and hydrophobic polyurethane coatings representative of those typically used to protect materials from processes like weathering and wear. The technique was sensitive even to the transition between the antiplasticizing and plasticizing effects of ambient humidity. Moreover, we showed that this was possible without the need of externally exciting the AFM cantilever or the sample, i.e., just by monitoring the Brownian motion of cantilevers, which significantly facilitates the implementation of this technique in any AFM setup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Gonzalez-Martinez
- Biomedical Science Department & Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces , Malmö University , 20506 Malmö , Sweden
| | - Erum Kakar
- Biomedical Science Department & Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces , Malmö University , 20506 Malmö , Sweden
- COE in Solid State Physics , University of the Punjab , QAC , Lahore 54590 , Pakistan
| | | | | | - Javier Sotres
- Biomedical Science Department & Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces , Malmö University , 20506 Malmö , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo J, Hu H, Zhang K, He Y, Guo X. Revealing the Mechanical Properties of Emulsion Polymer Isocyanate Film in Humid Environments. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10060652. [PMID: 30966686 PMCID: PMC6404144 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the mechanical behaviors of polymer film in humid environments is of great significance for predicting the long-term performance of emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) as a high-performance wood adhesive. A tri-copolymer latex was cross-linked by the general polymeric methylene diisocyanate (p-MDI) and aqueous emulsified isocyanate (EMDI) at different loadings for preparing EPI. Furthermore, a series of uniaxial tension tests under different relative humidity (RH) were carried out on cured EPI samples before and after post-curing treatment, and the corresponding chemical structure, as well as the microstructure of polymers, was investigated in detail. In addition, a constitutive equation was formulated to calculate the viscoelastic characteristics of the adhesive layer. The results indicate that the EPI films reveal various kinds of intrinsic deformation as RH increases, and the tensile rupture stress and stiffness would obviously decrease, even at cross-linker weight ratios of up to 20%. Furthermore, the moisture resistance could be markedly improved by increasing the isocyanate content and post-cure. Importantly, EMDI-cross-linked film not only exhibits much better mechanical properties than that containing p-MDI at 0⁻80% RH, but is also more sensitive to post-cure. Finally, the derived viscoelastic model could efficiently track moisture-dependent stress-strain curves of EPI films, and the obtained relaxation time further reveals the influence mechanism of isocyanate and post-cure on the mechanical response of the cured polymer under moist conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Hongjiu Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yaolong He
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Xingming Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim HC, Choi YH, Bu W, Meron M, Lin B, Won YY. Increased humidity can soften glassy Langmuir polymer films by two mechanisms: plasticization of the polymer material, and suppression of the evaporation cooling effect. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:10663-10675. [PMID: 28398439 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00785j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the relative humidity decreases the surface pressure of a glassy Langmuir polymer film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chang Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Yun Hwa Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Wei Bu
- Advanced Photon Source
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Mati Meron
- Advanced Photon Source
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Binhua Lin
- Advanced Photon Source
- University of Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - You-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
De la Mora E, Flores-Hernández E, Jakoncic J, Stojanoff V, Siliqi D, Sánchez-Puig N, Moreno A. SdsA polymorph isolation and improvement of their crystal quality using nonconventional crystallization techniques. J Appl Crystallogr 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576715016556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SdsA, a sodium dodecyl sulfate hydrolase, fromPseudomonas aeruginosawas crystallized in three different crystal polymorphs and their three-dimensional structure was determined. The different polymorphs present different crystal packing habits. One of the polymorphs suggests the existence of a tetramer, an oligomeric state not observed previously, while the crystal packing of the remaining two polymorphs obstructs the active site entrance but stabilizes flexible regions of the protein. Nonconventional crystallization methods that minimize convection, such as counterdiffusion in polyvinyl alcohol gel coupled with the influence of a 500 MHz (10.2 T) magnetic field, were necessary to isolate the poorest diffracting polymorph and increase its internal order to determine its structure by X-ray diffraction. The results obtained show the effectiveness of nonconventional crystallographic methods to isolate different crystal polymorphs.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang X, Hu H, Guo M. Relaxation of a hydrophilic polymer induced by moisture desorption through the glass transition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:3186-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relaxation of a hydrophilic polymer induced by relative humidity down-jump through the glass transition contains multiple stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200072
- China
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics
| | - Hongjiu Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200072
- China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering
| | - Manxia Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200072
- China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering
| |
Collapse
|