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Cui X, Miao C, Lu S, Liu X, Yang Y, Sun J. Strain Sensors Made of MXene, CNTs, and TPU/PSF Asymmetric Structure Films with Large Tensile Recovery and Applied in Human Health Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:59655-59670. [PMID: 38085975 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Designing flexible wearable sensors with a wide sensing range, high sensitivity, and high stability is a vulnerable research direction with a futuristic field to study. In this paper, Ti3C2Tx MXene/carbon nanotube (CNT)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polysulfone (PSF) composite films with excellent sensor performance were obtained by self-assembly of conductive fillers in TPU/PSF porous films with an asymmetric structure through vacuum filtration, and the porous films were prepared by the phase inversion method. The composite films consist of the upper part with finger-like "cavities" filled by MXene/CNTs, which reduces the microcracks in the conductive network during the tensile process, and the lower part has smaller apertures of a relatively dense resin cortex assisting the recovery process. The exclusive layer structure of the MXene/CNTs/TPU/PSF film sensor, with a thickness of 46.95 μm, contains 0.0339 mg/cm2 single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and 0.348 mg/cm2 MXene only, providing functional range (0-80.7%), high sensitivity (up to 1265.18), and excellent stability and durability (stable sensing under 2300 fatigue tests, viable to the initial resistance), endurably cycled under large strains with serious damage to the conductive network. Finally, the MXene/CNTs/TPU/PSF film sensor is usable for monitoring pulse, swallow, tiptoe, and various joint bends in real time and distributing effective electrical signals. This paper implies that the MXene/CNTs/TPU/PSF film sensor has broad prospects in pragmatic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Chengjing Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Shaowei Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Xingmin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Jingchao Sun
- School of Science, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
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2
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Ren L, Chen YQ, Zhou QL, Liu ZZ, Li Y, Liu Q. Relationships between Diatom Abundances in Rat Organs and in Environmental Waters. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:981-986. [PMID: 34669115 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A diagnosis of drowning remains one of the most challenging issues in forensic science, especially for decomposed bodies. Diatom analysis is considered as an encouraging method for diagnosing drowning. In this study, we developed a drowned rat model using different diatom densities in water. METHODS A total of 120 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into six groups, wherein experimental groups 1-5 were drowned rats (group A) and postmortem submersion rats (group B) that were submerged in water with five different Cyclotella sp. diatom densities, while the remaining group was used as a blank control. The combination of microwave digestion and vacuum filtration method was used to accomplish efficient tissue digestion and ascertain higher accuracy of diatom determinations within organs. RESULTS The abundances of diatoms in the lungs, livers, and kidneys were significantly different. The diatom abundances in the lungs, livers, and kidneys were directly proportional to the water diatom densities, and specific quantitative relationships could be approximated by separate regression equations for each organ type. However, the trends associated with the diatom increases among organs slightly differed. In addition, the diatom abundances in the lungs, livers, and kidneys were all positively correlated. Diatoms were not observed in the postmortem submersion groups nor in the blank control groups. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide valuable information for establishing a quantitative diatom framework for informing future forensic medicine efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Yi-Qun Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian-Li Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zun-Zhong Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Tongji Forensic Science Institute, Foshan, 516500, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Hubei University of Police, Wuhan, 430034, China.
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Mai D, Mo J, Shan S, Lin Y, Zhang A. Self-Healing, Self-Adhesive Strain Sensors Made with Carbon Nanotubes/Polysiloxanes Based on Unsaturated Carboxyl-Amine Ionic Interactions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49266-49278. [PMID: 34634200 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strain sensors with high sensitivity, long-term durability, and stretchability are required for flexible and wearable electronic devices. This paper reports a bilayer strain sensor consisting of carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and ionically crosslinked polysiloxane substrates based on unsaturated acid-amine interactions. Vacuum filtration was adopted to prepare the CNT films (2.74-4.70 μm in thickness) onto the polysiloxane substrates to prepare stretchable conductive strain sensors. The strain sensor exhibited self-healing ability, self-adhesiveness, high sensitivity, linearity, low hysteresis, and long-term durability with a gauge factor of 33.99 at 55% strain. The sensitivity and linearity could be adjusted by the thickness of the CNT layer. A crack-related mechanism was proposed in which increasing the thickness of the CNT layer led to simultaneously enhanced sensitivity and linearity. Finally, we investigated the detection of human activities (bending/unbending of fingers or knees) and subtle motions (coughing and swallowing). The fabricated strain sensor succeeded in meeting various needs with satisfactory sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Mai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Jiaheng Mo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijie Shan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaling Lin
- College of Material and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
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Cheng H, Lim T, Yoo H, Hu J, Kang S, Kim S, Jung W. Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Multilayer Structures of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Based on the Plasmonic Carbonization. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11092213. [PMID: 34578529 PMCID: PMC8468131 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We developed a complex three-dimensional (3D) multilayer deposition method for the fabrication of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using vacuum filtration and plasmonic carbonization without lithography and etching processes. Using this fabrication method, SWCNTs can be stacked to form complex 3D structures that have a large surface area relative to the unit volume compared to the single-plane structure of conventional SWCNTs. We characterized 3D multilayer SWCNT patterns using a surface optical profiler, Raman spectroscopy, sheet resistance, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Additionally, these carbon nanotube (CNT) patterns showed excellent mechanical stability even after elastic bending tests more than 1000 times at a radius of 2 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Taeuk Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Hyunjoon Yoo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Seonwoo Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Electronics Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (W.J.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6647 (W.J.)
| | - Wonsuk Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (H.C.); (T.L.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (W.J.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6647 (W.J.)
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Wang X, Li S, Tu Y, Hu J, Huang Z, Lin S, Gui X. Composite Aramid Membranes with High Strength and pH-Response. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040621. [PMID: 33669521 PMCID: PMC7922203 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pH-responsive membrane is a new wastewater treatment technology developed in recent years. In this paper, a novel film with intelligent pH-responsiveness was first prepared by blending functional gates comprised of hydrolyzed aramid nanofibers (HANFs) into aramid nanofiber (ANF) membranes via a vacuum filtration method. Those as-prepared membranes exhibited dual pH-responsive characteristics, which were featured with a negative pH-responsiveness in an acidic environment and a positive pH-responsiveness in basic media. These dual pH-responsive membranes also exhibited a high tensile strength which could still reach 55.74 MPa (even when the HANFs content was as high as 50 wt%), a high decomposition temperature at ~363 °C, and good solvent resistance. The membranes described herein may be promising candidates for a myriad of applications, such as the controlled release of drugs, sensors, sewage treatment, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shi Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiwen Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhenzhu Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shudong Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xuefeng Gui
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (X.W.); (S.L.); (Y.T.); (Z.H.); (S.L.); (X.G.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Cao L, Liu Y, Wang J, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Wang N, Chen J. Multi-Functional Properties of MWCNT/PVA Buckypapers Fabricated by Vacuum Filtration Combined with Hot Press: Thermal, Electrical and Electromagnetic Shielding. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2503. [PMID: 33327367 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The applications of pure multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) buckypapers are still limited due to their unavoidable micro/nano-sized pores structures. In this work, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added to a uniform MWCNTs suspension to form MWCNT/PVA buckypapers by vacuum infiltration combined with a hot press method. The results showed an improvement in the thermal, electrical, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties due to the formation of dense MWCNTs networks. The thermal and electrical properties rose from 1.394 W/m·k to 2.473 W/m·k and 463.5 S/m to 714.3 S/m, respectively. The EMI performance reached 27.08 dB. On the other hand, ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the coupled temperature-displacement performance. The electronic component module with buckypapers revealed a homogeneous temperature and thermal stress distribution. In sum, the proposed method looks promising for the easy preparation of multi-functional nanocomposites at low-cost.
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7
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Hellman S, Chen GH, Irie T. Rapid clearing of aerosol in an intubation box by vacuum filtration. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:e296-e299. [PMID: 32650953 PMCID: PMC7313634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Lin Y, Yuan W, Ding C, Chen S, Su W, Hu H, Cui Z, Li F. Facile and Efficient Patterning Method for Silver Nanowires and Its Application to Stretchable Electroluminescent Displays. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24074-24085. [PMID: 32363851 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The patterning of silver nanowires (AgNWs) is subject to critical challenges, which have seriously limited their practical applications. This work describes a simple and efficient method combining screen printing with vacuum filtration for patterning AgNW networks. The screen-printed poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mask layer was shown to be strongly adhered to the filtration membrane, which resulted in well-defined sharp edges of the deposited AgNW patterns, and a 50 μm patterning resolution was achieved. The patterned films with low densities of AgNWs (≤15 μg/cm2) were transferred to the surface of PDMS to make patterned stretchable transparent conductive films (TCFs). The low sheet resistance of 7.3 Ω/sq was achieved at an optical transmittance of 79.6% (at 550 nm wavelength) with a AgNW deposition density of only 12.5 μg/cm2. As an application example, the patterned TCFs were used as the top electrodes to fabricate stretchable alternating current electroluminescent (ACEL) displays with stretchability up to 70% of their original dimension, which were applied to a smart system for simulating heart beats together with a digitally operated flexible circuit. The ACEL device exhibited a bright and uniform emission with a clear and smooth edge even with a pattern width as narrow as 100 μm, as well as exceptional elasticity and durability in spite of bending, stretching, and twisting. The present work provides a new way of patterning AgNWs and can be extended to a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lin
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenming Su
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hailong Hu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zheng Cui
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fushan Li
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Komatsu N, Nakamura M, Ghosh S, Kim D, Chen H, Katagiri A, Yomogida Y, Gao W, Yanagi K, Kono J. Groove-Assisted Global Spontaneous Alignment of Carbon Nanotubes in Vacuum Filtration. Nano Lett 2020; 20:2332-2338. [PMID: 32092275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), it has long been a challenging goal to create macroscopically ordered assemblies, or crystals, of CNTs that preserve the one-dimensional quantum properties of individual CNTs on a macroscopic scale. Recently, a simple and well-controlled method was reported for producing wafer-scale crystalline films of highly aligned and densely packed CNTs through spontaneous global alignment that occurs during vacuum filtration (Nat. Nanotechnol. 2016, 11, 633). However, a full understanding of the mechanism of such global alignment has not been achieved. Here, we report results of a series of systematic experiments that demonstrate that the CNT alignment direction can be controlled by the surface morphology of the filter membrane used in the vacuum filtration process. More specifically, we found that the direction of parallel grooves pre-existing on the surface of the filter membrane dictates the direction of the resulting CNT alignment. Furthermore, we intentionally imprinted periodically spaced parallel grooves on a filter membrane using a diffraction grating, which successfully defined the direction of the global alignment of CNTs in a precise and reproducible manner. These results are promising not only for developing novel devices based on macroscopically aligned CNTs but also for understanding the microscopic physical mechanism of the alignment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Komatsu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Motonori Nakamura
- Department of Systems, Control and Information Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Asahikawa College, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 071-8142, Japan
| | - Saunab Ghosh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Daeun Kim
- Department of Electronics for Informatics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0814, Japan
| | - Haoze Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Atsuhiro Katagiri
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yohei Yomogida
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Weilu Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kazuhiro Yanagi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Lee YS, Lee SY, Kim KS, Noda S, Shim SE, Yang CM. Effective Heat Transfer Pathways of Thermally Conductive Networks Formed by One-Dimensional Carbon Materials with Different Sizes. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101661. [PMID: 31614671 PMCID: PMC6835844 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the heat transfer behavior of thermally conductive networks with one-dimensional carbon materials to design effective heat transfer pathways for hybrid filler systems of polymer matrix composites. Nano-sized few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNTs) and micro-sized mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCFs) were used as the thermally conductive materials. The bulk density and thermal conductivity of the FWCNT films increased proportionally with the ultrasonication time due to the enhanced dispersibility of the FWCNTs in an ethanol solvent. The ultrasonication-induced densification of the FWCNT films led to the effective formation of filler-to-filler connections, resulting in improved thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the FWCNT-MPCF hybrid films was proportional to the MPCF content (maximum thermal conductivity at an MPCF content of 60 wt %), indicating the synergistic effect on the thermal conductivity enhancement. Moreover, the MPCF-to-MPCF heat transfer pathways in the FWCNT-MPCF hybrid films were the most effective in achieving high thermal conductivity due to the smaller interfacial area and shorter heat transfer pathway of the MPCFs. The FWCNTs could act as thermal bridges between neighboring MPCFs for effective heat transfer. Furthermore, the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles of approximately 300 nm into the FWCNT-MPCF hybrid film dramatically enhanced the thermal conductivity, which was closely related to a decreased thermal interfacial resistance at the intersection points between the materials. Epoxy-based composites loaded with the FWCNTs, MPCFs, FWCNT-MPCF hybrids, and FWCNT-MPCF-Ag hybrid fillers were also fabricated. A similar trend in thermal conductivity was observed in the polymer matrix composite with carbon-based hybrid films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Seon Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Korea.
- Magok R&D campus, LG Innotek, 30 Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07796, Korea.
| | - Keun Soo Kim
- Department of Physics and Graphene Research Institute, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Suguru Noda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
| | - Sang Eun Shim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
| | - Cheol-Min Yang
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Korea.
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11
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Schlemmer W, Fischer W, Zankel A, Vukušić T, Filipič G, Jurov A, Blažeka D, Goessler W, Bauer W, Spirk S, Krstulović N. Green Procedure to Manufacture Nanoparticle-Decorated Paper Substrates. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E2412. [PMID: 30501055 PMCID: PMC6316935 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For this study, a paper impregnated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was prepared. To prepare the substrates, aqueous suspensions of pulp fines, a side product from the paper production, were mixed with AgNP suspensions. The nanoparticle (NP) synthesis was then carried out via laser ablation of pure Ag in water. After the sheet formation process, the leaching of the AgNPs was determined to be low while the sheets exhibited antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia coli (E. coli).
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Schlemmer
- Institute of Paper-, Pulp- and Fibre Technology (IPZ), Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- Institute of Paper-, Pulp- and Fibre Technology (IPZ), Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Armin Zankel
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Tomislava Vukušić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Gregor Filipič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Andrea Jurov
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Damjan Blažeka
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Bauer
- Institute of Paper-, Pulp- and Fibre Technology (IPZ), Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Stefan Spirk
- Institute of Paper-, Pulp- and Fibre Technology (IPZ), Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 23, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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12
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Huang J, Her SC, Yang X, Zhi M. Synthesis and Characterization of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Nanoplatelet Hybrid Film for Flexible Strain Sensors. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E786. [PMID: 30287756 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid films were prepared with the aid of surfactant Triton X-100 and sonication through a vacuum filtration process. The influence of GNP content ranging from 0 to 50 wt.% on the mechanical and electrical properties was investigated using the tensile test and Hall effect measurement, respectively. It showed that the tensile strength of the hybrid film is decreasing with the increase of the GNP content while the electrical conductivity exhibits an opposite trend. The effectiveness of the MWCNT/GNP hybrid film as a strain sensor is presented. The specimen is subjected to a flexural loading, and the electrical resistance measured by a two-point probe method is found to be function of applied strain. Experimental results demonstrate that there are two different linear strain-sensing stages (0⁻0.2% and 0.2⁻1%) in the resistance of the hybrid film with applied strain. The strain sensitivity is increasing with the increase of the GNP content. In addition, the repeatability and stability of the strain sensitivity of the hybrid film were conformed through the cyclic loading⁻unloading tests. The MWCNT/GNP hybrid film shows promising application for strain sensing.
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13
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Chen YT, Ma CW, Chang CM, Yang YJ. Micromachined Planar Supercapacitor with Interdigital Buckypaper Electrodes. Micromachines (Basel) 2018; 9:E242. [PMID: 30424175 PMCID: PMC6187862 DOI: 10.3390/mi9050242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a flexible micro-supercapacitor with interdigital planar buckypaper electrodes is presented. A simple fabrication process involving vacuum filtration method and SU-8 molding techniques is proposed to fabricate in-plane interdigital buckypaper electrodes on a membrane filter substrate. The proposed process exhibits excellent flexibility for future integration of the micro-supercapacitors (micro-SC) with other electronic components. The device's maximum specific capacitance measured using cyclic voltammetry was 107.27 mF/cm² at a scan rate of 20 mV/s. The electrochemical stability was investigated by measuring the performance of charge-discharge at different discharge rates. Devices with different buckypaper electrode thicknesses were also fabricated and measured. The specific capacitance of the proposed device increased linearly with the buckypaper electrode thickness. The measured leakage current was approximately 9.95 µA after 3600 s. The device exhibited high cycle stability, with 96.59% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cycles. A Nyquist plot of the micro-SC was also obtained by measuring the impedances with frequencies from 1 Hz to 50 kHz; it indicated that the equivalent series resistance value was approximately 18 Ω.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ting Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Wen Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Joe Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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14
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Magare B, Nair A, Khairnar K. Isolation of bacteriophages from air using vacuum filtration technique: an improved and novel method. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:896-902. [PMID: 28766823 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Development of a simple and economical air sampler for isolation and enrichment of bacteriophages from air samples. METHODS AND RESULTS A vacuum filtration unit with simple modifications was used for isolation of bacteriophages from air sampled in the lavatory. Air was sampled at the rate of 62 l min-1 by bubbling into Mcllvaine buffer for 30 min, which was used as bacteriophage solution for enrichment and plaque assessment against individual hosts. Alternatively, the aforementioned phage solution was enriched using a host consortium before plaque assessment. Phages were isolated in the range of 1-12 PFU per ml by the first method, whereas enrichment with host consortium gave phages around 10- to 1000-folds higher in number. Combining with established enrichment method, an improvement of about 10 times in phage isolation efficiency was attained. CONCLUSIONS The method is very useful for studying the natural bacteriophages of air, requiring only a basic microbiological laboratory setup making it simple and economical. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study brings out a simple, economical air sampler for assessing air bacteriophages that can be employed by any microbial laboratory. Although various methods are available for studying bacteriophages in water and soil, very limited are available for air. To the best of our knowledge, the method developed in this study is unique in its design and concept for studying bacteriophages in air. The sampler is sterilizable by autoclaving and maintains a healthy rate of airflow provided by conventional vacuum pumps. The use of a nonspecific 'trapping solution' allows for the qualitative and quantitative study of air bacteriophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Magare
- Environmental Virology Cell, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Nair
- Environmental Virology Cell, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Khairnar
- Environmental Virology Cell, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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15
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Fischer WJ, Mayr M, Spirk S, Reishofer D, Jagiello LA, Schmiedt R, Colson J, Zankel A, Bauer W. Pulp Fines-Characterization, Sheet Formation, and Comparison to Microfibrillated Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E366. [PMID: 30971045 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pulp and paper industry different types of pulp or fiber fines are generated during the pulping (primary fines, mechanical fines), and/or the refining process (secondary fines). Besides fibers, these cellulosic microparticles are a further component of the paper network. Fines, which are defined as the fraction of pulp that is able to pass through a mesh screen or a perforated plate having a hole diameter of 76 μm, are known to influence the properties of the final paper product. To better understand the effect and properties of this material, fines have to be separated from the pulp and investigated as an independent material. In the present study, fines are isolated from the pulp fraction by means of a laboratory pressure screen. To allow for further processing, the solids content of the produced fines suspension was increased using dissolved air flotation. Morphological properties of different types of fines and other cellulosic microparticles, such as microfibrillated celluloses (MFC) are determined and compared to each other. Furthermore, handsheets are prepared from these materials and properties, such as apparent density, contact angle, modulus of elasticity, and strain are measured giving similar results for the analyzed types of fines in comparison to the tested MFC grades. The analysis of the properties of fiber fines contributes on the one hand to a better understanding of how these materials influences the final paper products, and on the other hand, helps in identifying other potential applications of this material.
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16
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Tong L, Qi W, Wang M, Huang R, Su R, He Z. Tunable Design of Structural Colors Produced by Pseudo-1D Photonic Crystals of Graphene Oxide. Small 2016; 12:3433-3443. [PMID: 27171200 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is broadly observed that graphene oxide (GO) films appear transparent with a thickness of about several nanometers, whereas they appear dark brown or almost black with thickness of more than 1 μm. The basic color mechanism of GO film on a sub-micrometer scale, however, is not well understood. This study reports on GO pseudo-1D photonic crystals (p1D-PhCs) exhibiting tunable structural colors in the visible wavelength range owing to its 1D Bragg nanostructures. Striking structural colors of GO p1D-PhCs could be tuned by simply changing either the volume or concentration of the aqueous GO dispersion during vacuum filtration. Moreover, the quantitative relationship between thickness and reflection wavelength of GO p1D-PhCs has been revealed, thereby providing a theoretical basis to rationally design structural colors of GO p1D-PhCs. The spectral response of GO p1D-PhCs to humidity is also obtained clearly showing the wavelength shift of GO p1D-PhCs at differently relative humidity values and thus encouraging the integration of structural color printing and the humidity-responsive property of GO p1D-PhCs to develop a visible and fast-responsive anti-counterfeiting label. The results pave the way for a variety of potential applications of GO in optics, structural color printing, sensing, and anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Renliang Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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Tong L, Qi W, Wang M, Huang R, Su R, He Z. Photonic Crystals: Tunable Design of Structural Colors Produced by Pseudo-1D Photonic Crystals of Graphene Oxide (Small 25/2016). Small 2016; 12:3432. [PMID: 27364309 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201670122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The production of structural colors based on graphene oxide (GO) pseudo-one-dimensional photonic crystals (p1D-PhCs) in the visible spectrum is reported on page 3433 by W. Qi and co-workers. The structural colors could be tuned by simply changing either the volume or concentration of the aqueous GO dispersion. Moreover, GO p1D-PhCs exhibit visible and rapid responsiveness to humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Renliang Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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18
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Guntupalli B, Liang P, Lee JH, Yang Y, Yu H, Canoura J, He J, Li W, Weizmann Y, Xiao Y. Ambient Filtration Method To Rapidly Prepare Highly Conductive, Paper-Based Porous Gold Films for Electrochemical Biosensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:27049-27058. [PMID: 26592416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thin gold films offer intriguing material properties for potential applications including fuel cells, supercapacitors, and electronic and photonic devices. We describe here an ambient filtration method that provides a simple and novel way to generate rapidly porous and thin gold films without the need for sophisticated instruments, clean-room environments, and any postgrowth process or sintering steps. Using this approach, we can fabricate highly conductive gold films composed of gold nanoparticles layered atop a matrix of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes on mixed cellulose ester filter paper within 20 min. These hybrid films (thickness ∼40 nm) exhibit fast electron transfer and excellent electrocatalytic properties that are similar to purchased gold films, but with a larger electroactive surface that lends itself to more sensitive analyte detection. We used the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin as benchmark analytes to demonstrate that our hybrid gold films can clearly discriminate the presence of both molecules in a mixture with resolution that greatly exceeds that of either purchased gold slides or electrodeposited gold films. Importantly, we postulate that this new approach could readily be generalized for the rapid fabrication of films from various other metals under ambient conditions, and could also be used as a prelude to transferring the resulting films onto glass or other flexible substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav Guntupalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Pingping Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago , 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yuehai Yang
- Department of Physics, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Haixiang Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Juan Canoura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Jin He
- Department of Physics, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Physics, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Yossi Weizmann
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago , 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University , 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
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