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Dayyoub T, Maksimkin A, Senatov F, Kaloshkin S, Anisimova N, Kiselevskiy M. A New Approach Based on Glued Multi-Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Forms to Fabricate Bone Replacement Products. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2545. [PMID: 33143255 PMCID: PMC7693819 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three types of glue based on thiol-ene reaction, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/cellulose, and phenol formaldehyde were prepared and applied on modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) samples grafted by cellulose. In comparison with unmodified UHMWPE samples, T-peel tests on the modified and grafted UHMWPE films showed an increase in the peel strength values for the glues based on thiol-ene reaction, PVA/cellulose, and phenol formaldehyde by 40, 29, and 41 times, respectively. The maximum peel strength value of 0.62 Kg/cm was obtained for the glue based on phenol formaldehyde. Mechanical tests for the cylindrical multi-UHMWPE forms samples, made of porous UHMWPE as a trabecular layer and an armored layer (cortical layer) that consists of bulk and UHMWPE films, indicated an improvement in the mechanical properties of these samples for all glue types, as a result of the UHMWPE films existence and the increase in the number of their layers. The maximum compressive yield strength and compressive modulus values for the armored layer (bulk and six layers of the UHMWPE films using the glue based on thiol-ene reaction) were 44.1 MPa (an increase of 17%) and 1130 MPa (an increase of 36%), respectively, in comparison with one armored layer of bulk UHMWPE. A hemocompatibility test carried out on these glues clarified that the modified UHMWPE grafted by cellulose with glues based on PVA/cellulose and thiol-ene reaction were classified as biocompatible materials. These multi-UHMWPE forms composites can be considered a promising development for joint reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Dayyoub
- Center for Composite Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (F.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Aleksey Maksimkin
- Center for Composite Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (F.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Fedor Senatov
- Center for Composite Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (F.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Sergey Kaloshkin
- Center for Composite Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (F.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Natalia Anisimova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (N.N. Blokhin NMRC of Oncology), 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Mikhail Kiselevskiy
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (N.N. Blokhin NMRC of Oncology), 115478 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.); (M.K.)
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A review on nanocellulose as a lightweight filler of polyolefin composites. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 243:116466. [PMID: 32532395 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose (NC) possesses low density, high aspect ratio, impressive mechanical properties, nanoscale dimensions, which shows huge potential applications as a reinforced filler. Polyolefin (PO), represented by polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), has been widely used in industries. Recently nanocellulose/polyolefin nanocomposites (NC/PO nanocomposites) have caught more attention from the application of automotive components, aerospace, furniture, building, home appliances, and sport. In this review, the surface modifications of nanocellulose and polyolefin are summarized respectively, such as surface adsorption modification, small molecule modification, and graft copolymerization modification. The common preparations of NC/PO nanocomposites are discussed, including the melting compounding, the solvent casting, and the in-situ polymerization. The lightweight, mechanical properties, and aging-resistant properties of NC/PO nanocomposites are highlighted. Finally, the potentials and challenges for industrial production development of NC/PO nanocomposites are discussed.
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Park SY, Yook S, Goo S, Im W, Youn HJ. Preparation of Transparent and Thick CNF/Epoxy Composites by Controlling the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040625. [PMID: 32231002 PMCID: PMC7221880 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have been used as reinforcing elements in optically transparent composites by combination with polymer matrices. In this study, strong, optically transparent, and thick CNF/epoxy composites were prepared by immersing two or four layers of CNF sheets in epoxy resin. The morphology of the CNF, the preparation conditions of the CNF sheet, and the grammage and layer numbers of the CNF sheets were controlled. The solvent-exchanged CNF sheets resulted in the production of a composite with high transparency and low haze. The CNF with smaller width and less aggregated fibrils, which are achieved by carboxymethylation, and a high number of grinding passes are beneficial in the production of optically transparent CNF/epoxy composites. Both the grammage and number of stacked layers of sheets in a composite affected the optical and mechanical properties of the composite. A composite with a thickness of 450-800 μm was prepared by stacking two or four layers of CNF sheets in epoxy resin. As the number of stacked sheets increased, light transmittance was reduced and the haze increased. The CNF/epoxy composites with two layers of low grammage (20 g/m2) sheets exhibited high light transmittance (>90%) and low haze (<5%). In addition, the composites with the low grammage sheet had higher tensile strength and elastic modulus compared with neat epoxy and those with high grammage sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Park
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.P.); (S.Y.); (S.G.)
| | - Simyub Yook
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.P.); (S.Y.); (S.G.)
| | - Sooim Goo
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.P.); (S.Y.); (S.G.)
| | - Wanhee Im
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hye Jung Youn
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.P.); (S.Y.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-4787
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Chakrabarty A, Teramoto Y. Recent Advances in Nanocellulose Composites with Polymers: A Guide for Choosing Partners and How to Incorporate Them. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E517. [PMID: 30966551 PMCID: PMC6415375 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the research on nanocellulose composites with polymers has made significant contributions to the development of functional and sustainable materials. This review outlines the chemistry of the interaction between the nanocellulose and the polymer matrix, along with the extent of the reinforcement in their nanocomposites. In order to fabricate well-defined nanocomposites, the type of nanomaterial and the selection of the polymer matrix are always crucial from the viewpoint of polymer⁻filler compatibility for the desired reinforcement and specific application. In this review, recent articles on polymer/nanocellulose composites were taken into account to provide a clear understanding on how to use the surface functionalities of nanocellulose and to choose the polymer matrix in order to produce the nanocomposite. Here, we considered cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as the nanocellulosic materials. A brief discussion on their synthesis and properties was also incorporated. This review, overall, is a guide to help in designing polymer/nanocellulose composites through the utilization of nanocellulose properties and the selection of functional polymers, paving the way to specific polymer⁻filler interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Chakrabarty
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yoshikuni Teramoto
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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Dufresne A. Cellulose nanomaterials as green nanoreinforcements for polymer nanocomposites. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:20170040. [PMID: 29277738 PMCID: PMC5746555 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Unexpected and attractive properties can be observed when decreasing the size of a material down to the nanoscale. Cellulose is no exception to the rule. In addition, the highly reactive surface of cellulose resulting from the high density of hydroxyl groups is exacerbated at this scale. Different forms of cellulose nanomaterials, resulting from a top-down deconstruction strategy (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils) or bottom-up strategy (bacterial cellulose), are potentially useful for a large number of industrial applications. These include the paper and cardboard industry, use as reinforcing filler in polymer nanocomposites, the basis for low-density foams, additives in adhesives and paints, as well as a wide variety of filtration, electronic, food, hygiene, cosmetic and medical products. This paper focuses on the use of cellulose nanomaterials as a filler for the preparation of polymer nanocomposites. Impressive mechanical properties can be obtained for these materials. They obviously depend on the type of nanomaterial used, but the crucial point is the processing technique. The emphasis is on the melt processing of such nanocomposite materials, which has not yet been properly resolved and remains a challenge.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Dufresne
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Kargarzadeh H, Mariano M, Huang J, Lin N, Ahmad I, Dufresne A, Thomas S. Recent developments on nanocellulose reinforced polymer nanocomposites: A review. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cellulose nanofibril-reinforced polypropylene composites for material extrusion: Rheological properties. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Feldman D. Polyolefin, olefin copolymers and polyolefin polyblend nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1212313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Boran S, Kiziltas A, Erbas Kiziltas E, Gardner DJ, Rushing TS. Nanoclay reinforced polyethylene composites: Effect of different melt compounding methods. POLYM ENG SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Boran
- Department of Woodworking Industry Engineering, Faculty of Technology; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon 61830 Turkey
| | - Alper Kiziltas
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center; University of Maine; Orono, Maine 04469
- Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry; University of Bartin; Bartin 74100 Turkey
| | - Esra Erbas Kiziltas
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center; University of Maine; Orono, Maine 04469
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBİTAK), Tunus Cad; Kavaklıdere Ankara 06100 Turkey
| | - Douglas J. Gardner
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center; University of Maine; Orono, Maine 04469
| | - Todd S. Rushing
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center; 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg Mississippi 39180
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Kiziltas A, Nazari B, Erbas Kiziltas E, Gardner DJ, Han Y, Rushing TS. Method to reinforce polylactic acid with cellulose nanofibers via a polyhydroxybutyrate carrier system. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 140:393-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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