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Toghan A, Alduaij OK, Fawzy A, Mostafa AM, Eldesoky AM, Farag AA. Effect of Adsorption and Interactions of New Triazole-Thione-Schiff Bases on the Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution: Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6761-6772. [PMID: 38371797 PMCID: PMC10870402 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to the unique properties of steel, including its hardness, durability, and superconductivity, which make it an essential material in many industries, it lacks corrosion resistance. Herewith, two novel triazole-thione Schiff bases, namely, (E)-5-methyl-4-((thiophen-2-ylmethylene)amino)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione (TMAT) and (E)-4-(((5-(dimethylamino)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)amino)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione (DMTMAT), were synthesized and characterized. The corrosion inhibition (CI) ability of these two molecules on carbon steel in an aqueous solution of 1 M HCl as well as their interaction with its surface was studied using a number of different techniques. The results confirmed that the CI capability of these organic molecules depends on their strong adsorption on the metal surface and the formation of a protective anticorrosion film. Weight loss tests revealed that the inhibition efficiencies of TMAT and DMTMAT were 91.1 and 94.0%, respectively, at 1 × 10-3 M concentrations. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated that there was a direct relationship between the inhibitor concentration and the transfer resistance. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) experiments have proven to be mixed-type inhibitors of C-steel in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Several thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were calculated. The negative values of the adsorption-free energy are -36.7 and -38.5 kJ/mol for TMAT and DMTMAT, respectively, confirming the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The MD simulation study's findings show that the inhibitor molecules are nearly parallel to the metal surface. The interaction energy calculated by the MD simulation and the inhibitory trend are the same. The practical implementation is consistent with what the computer models predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Toghan
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley
University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Omar K. Alduaij
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Fawzy
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Ayman M. Mostafa
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6644, Buraydah Almolaydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Physics
Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Eldesoky
- Department
of Chemistry, University College in Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Farag
- Egyptian
Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
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Chan K, Kawai M, Yamake M, Zinchenko A. Copper Ion Removal Using a Waste-Plastic-Derived Hydrogel Adsorbent Prepared via Microwave-Assisted PET Aminolysis. Gels 2023; 9:874. [PMID: 37998964 PMCID: PMC10670419 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress in the development of functional materials from plastic waste to promote its recycling, only a few examples of hydrogel materials from plastic waste were reported. In this study, microwave-assisted depolymerization of waste PET plastic using polyamine was performed to prepare short aminophthalamide oligomers followed by chemically cross-linking into a hydrogel material. Catalyst-free microwave-assisted aminolysis of PET was completed within 30-40 s, demonstrating high efficiency of the depolymerization reaction. Subsequent epoxy cross-linking of the oligomers yielded a hydrogel with a swelling degree of ca. 92.1 times in pure water. The application of the obtained hydrogel for the removal of copper ions (Cu2+) from water was demonstrated. Efficient complexation of NH2 groups of the hydrogel with Cu2+ resulted in high adsorption capacities of the hydrogel material toward Cu2+ removal, which were the highest at neutral pHs and reached ca. 213 mg/g. The proposed type of environmental material is beneficial owing to its waste-derived nature and functionality that can be applied for the high-efficiency removal of a broad scope of known environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayee Chan
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masami Kawai
- Gifu High School, 3-1, Onawaba, Gifu 500-8889, Japan
| | - Mina Yamake
- Gifu Kita High School, 1841-11, Noritake, Gifu 502-0931, Japan
| | - Anatoly Zinchenko
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Szewczuk-Karpisz K, Kukowska S, Grygorczuk-Płaneta K, Kondracki B, Jerin K, Kovačević D. Scavenging of copper(II) ions, phosphate(V) ions, and diuron from aqueous media by goethite modified with chitosan or poly(acrylic acid). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:79980-80000. [PMID: 37291344 PMCID: PMC10344844 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Goethite was modified by chitosan (CS) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to improve its adsorptive abilities toward components of agrochemicals, i.e., copper ions (Cu), phosphate ions (P), and diuron. The pristine goethite effectively bound Cu (7.68 mg/g, 63.71%) and P (6.31 mg/g, 50.46%) only in their mixed systems. In the one adsorbate solutions, the adsorption levels accounted for 3.82 mg/g (30.57%) for Cu, 3.22 mg/g (25.74%) for P, and 0.15 mg/g (12.15%) for diuron. Goethite modification with CS or PAA did not yield spectacular results in adsorption. The maximum increase in adsorbed amount was noted for Cu ions (8.28%) after PAA modification as well as for P (6.02%) and diuron (24.04%) after CS modification. Both goethite modifications contributed to clear reduction in desorption of pollutants (even by 20.26% for Cu after PAA coating), which was mainly dictated by electrostatic attractive forces and hydrogen bonds formation occurring between macromolecules and impurities. The only exception in this phenomenon was Cu desorption from CS-modified solid-the polymer made it higher (to 95.00%). The Cu adsorption on PAA-modified goethite enhanced solid aggregation and thus facilitated metal cation separation from aqueous media. Consequently, the goethite modification with PAA was considered more promising for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylwia Kukowska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Bartosz Kondracki
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 (SPSK Nr 4), 20-954, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarina Jerin
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Kovačević
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Salem DB, Ouakouak A, Touahra F, Hamdi N, Eltaweil AS, Syed A, Boopathy R, Tran HN. Easy separable, floatable, and recyclable magnetic-biochar/alginate bead as super-adsorbent for adsorbing copper ions in water media. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129225. [PMID: 37244306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to develop innovative material by combining properties of magnetic-biochar (derived from peanut shells) and hydrogel bead (MBA-bead) and apply it for adsorbing Cu2+ in water. MBA-bead was synthesized by physical cross-linking methods. Results indicated that MBA-bead contained ∼90% water. The diameter of each spherical MBA-bead was approximately 3 mm (wet form) and 2 mm in (dried form). Its specific surface area (262.4 m2/g) and total pore volume (0.751 cm3/g) were obtained from nitrogen adsorption at 77K. X-ray diffraction data confirmed Fe3O4 presented in magnetic-biochar and MBA-bead. Its Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity for Cu2+ was 234.1 mg/g (30 °C and pHeq 5.0). The change in standard enthalpy (ΔH°) of the adsorption was 44.30 kJ/mol (dominant physical adsorption). Primary adsorption mechanisms were complexation, ion exchange, and Van der Waals force. Laden MBA-bead can be reused several cycles after desorbing with NaOH or HCl. The cost was estimated for producing PS-biochar (0.091 US$/kg), magnetic-biochar (0.303-0.892 US$/kg), and MBA-bead (1.369-3.865 US$/kg). MBA-bead can serve as an excellent adsorbent for removing Cu2+ from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirar Ben Salem
- Research Laboratory in Subterranean and Surface Hydraulics, University of Biskra, PO Box 145, Biskra 07000, Algeria
| | - Abdelkader Ouakouak
- Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Department, University of El Oued, PO Box 789, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Fouzia Touahra
- Research Centre in Analytical Chemistry and Physics (CRAPC), BP 248, Algiers 16004, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Hamdi
- Higher Institute of Sciences and Techniques of Waters, University of Gabès, Zrig 6072, Tunisia; Composite Materials and Clay Minerals Laboratory, National Center for Research in Materials Sciences, Technopole Borj Cedria, Soliman, Tunisia
| | | | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramaraj Boopathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA 70310, USA.
| | - Hai Nguyen Tran
- Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh city 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang city 550000, Vietnam
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Rahmatpour A, Alijani N. An all-biopolymer self-assembling hydrogel film consisting of chitosan and carboxymethyl guar gum: A novel bio-based composite adsorbent for Cu 2+ adsorption from aqueous solution. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124878. [PMID: 37187419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel bio-based composite adsorbent, all biopolymer self-assembled hydrogel film has been prepared by eco-friendly amalgamating chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl guar gum (CMGG) biopolymers in water without needing small molecules for cross-linking. Various analysis demonstrated the electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bondings within the network structure are responsible for gelling, crosslinking, and forming a 3D structure. Various experimental parameters were optimized to evaluate the CS/CMGG's potential for removing Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution, including pH, dosage, Cu(II) initial concentration, contact time, and temperature. The pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models are highly correlated with the kinetic and equilibrium isotherm data, respectively. Using the Langmuir isotherm model for an initial metal concentration of 50 mg/L at pH 6.0 and 25 °C, the maximum adsorption of Cu(II) was calculated to be 155.51 mg/g. A combination of adsorption-complexation and ion exchange must be involved in Cu(II) adsorption on the CS/CMGG. Five cycles of the loaded CS/CMGG hydrogel regeneration and reuse were successfully achieved without an appreciable difference in Cu(II) removal percentage. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that copper adsorption occurred spontaneously (ΔG°: -2.85 J/mol, 298 K) and exothermically (ΔH°: -27.58 J/mol). A reusable bio-adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions was developed that is eco-friendly, sustainable, and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rahmatpour
- Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naser Alijani
- Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
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Abdel-Raouf MES, Farag RK, Farag AA, Keshawy M, Abdel-Aziz A, Hasan A. Chitosan-Based Architectures as an Effective Approach for the Removal of Some Toxic Species from Aqueous Media. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:10086-10099. [PMID: 36969416 PMCID: PMC10035021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Modified uncrosslinked and crosslinked chitosan derivatives were investigated as green sorbents for the removal of copper (Cu2+) and lead (Pb2+) cations from simulated solutions. In this regard, N, O carboxymethyl chitosan (N, O CMC), chitosan beads (Cs-g-GA), chitosan crosslinked with glutaraldehyde/methylene bisacrylamide (Cs/GA/MBA), and chitosan crosslinked with GA/epichlorohydrin (Cs/GA/ECH) were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Atomic force microscopy investigation was carried out to compare the surface topography of the prepared samples before and after the metal uptake. The kinetics of the removal process were investigated by pseudo-first-order and -second-order models. Moreover, the adsorption isotherms were carefully studied by applying Langmuir and Freundlich models. The data reveal that upon adsorption of copper(II) metal ions, all chitosan-modified products followed the Langmuir isotherm except for Cs/GA/ECH which followed the Freundlich isotherms, and the highest adsorption capacity (q e) was obtained for Cs/GA/MBA due to the formation of stable chelate structures between the metal cation and the functional groups present on the modified chitosan product. The order of metal uptake at the optimum pH value is as follows: Cs/GA/MBA (Cu: 95.7 mg/g, Pb: 99.15 mg/g), Cs/GA/ECH (Cu: 80.4 mg/g, Pb: 93.14 mg/g), Cs-g-GA (Cu: 77 mg/g, Pb: 88.4 mg/g), and N, O CMCh (Cu: 30.2 mg/g, Pb: 44.8 mg/g). The AFM data confirmed the metal uptake process by comparing the roughness and height measurements of the free sorbents and the metal-loaded sorbents.
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Mane SM, Raorane CJ, Shin JC. Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Adsorbent Modified with Mercapto-Amine Groups for Selective Adsorption of Cu 2+ Ion from Aqueous Solution. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3232. [PMID: 36145020 PMCID: PMC9503849 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In a sol-gel co-condensation, a mesoporous silica hybrid integrated with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (TMPSH) was prepared and then reacted with allylamine via a post-surface functionalization approach. Approximately 15 mol% of TMSPSH was introduced into the mesoporous silica pore walls along with tetraethyl orthosilicate. The mercapto ligands in the prepared mesoporous silica pore walls were then reacted with allylamine (AM) to form the mercapto-amine-modified mesoporous silica adsorbent (MSH@MA). The MSH@MA NPs demonstrate highly selective adsorption of copper (Cu2+) ions (~190 mg/g) with a fast equilibrium adsorption time (30 min). The prepared adsorbent shows at least a five times more efficient recyclable stability. The MSH@MA NPs adsorbent is useful for selective adsorption of Cu2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar M. Mane
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | | | - Jae Cheol Shin
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea
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8
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Tang H, He Q, Li Y, Liu X. Sulfonated carboxymethyl debranched starch: Preparation, performance and application. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Bulin C, Zhang B, Guo T, Ma Z, Li B, Zhang Y, Xing R, Ge X. Graphene oxide–starch composite as an efficient adsorbent for removing Cu(II): removal performance and adsorption mechanism. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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da Silva Alves DC, Healy B, Pinto LADA, Cadaval TRS, Breslin CB. Recent Developments in Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from Aqueous Environments. Molecules 2021; 26:594. [PMID: 33498661 PMCID: PMC7866017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of water is continuously under threat as increasing concentrations of pollutants escape into the aquatic environment. However, these issues can be alleviated by adsorbing pollutants onto adsorbents. Chitosan and its composites are attracting considerable interest as environmentally acceptable adsorbents and have the potential to remove many of these contaminants. In this review the development of chitosan-based adsorbents is described and discussed. Following a short introduction to the extraction of chitin from seafood wastes, followed by its conversion to chitosan, the properties of chitosan are described. Then, the emerging chitosan/carbon-based materials, including magnetic chitosan and chitosan combined with graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, biochar, and activated carbon and also chitosan-silica composites are introduced. The applications of these materials in the removal of various heavy metal ions, including Cr(VI), Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and different cationic and anionic dyes, phenol and other organic molecules, such as antibiotics, are reviewed, compared and discussed. Adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics are then highlighted and followed by details on the mechanisms of adsorption and the role of the chitosan and the carbon or silica supports. Based on the reviewed papers, it is clear, that while some challenges remain, chitosan-based materials are emerging as promising adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele C. da Silva Alves
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (D.C.d.S.A.); (B.H.)
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil; (L.A.d.A.P.); (T.R.S.C.J.)
| | - Bronach Healy
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (D.C.d.S.A.); (B.H.)
| | - Luiz A. de Almeida Pinto
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil; (L.A.d.A.P.); (T.R.S.C.J.)
| | - Tito R. Sant’Anna Cadaval
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil; (L.A.d.A.P.); (T.R.S.C.J.)
| | - Carmel B. Breslin
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (D.C.d.S.A.); (B.H.)
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Freire TM, Fechine LMUD, Queiroz DC, Freire RM, Denardin JC, Ricardo NMPS, Rodrigues TNB, Gondim DR, Junior IJS, Fechine PBA. Magnetic Porous Controlled Fe 3O 4-Chitosan Nanostructure: An Ecofriendly Adsorbent for Efficient Removal of Azo Dyes. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061194. [PMID: 32575349 PMCID: PMC7353100 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, chitosan/magnetite nanoparticles (ChM) were quickly synthesized according to our previous report based on co-precipitation reaction under ultrasound (US) irradiation. Besides ChM was in-depth structurally characterized, showing a crystalline phase corresponding to magnetite and presenting a spheric morphology, a "nanorod"-type morphology was also obtained after increasing reaction time for eight minutes. Successfully, both morphologies presented a nanoscale range with an average particle size of approximately 5-30 nm, providing a superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization ranging from 44 to 57 emu·g-1. As ChM nanocomposites have shown great versatility considering their properties, we proposed a comparative study using three different amine-based nanoparticles, non-surface-modified and surface-modified, for removal of azo dyes from aqueous solutions. From nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm results, the surface-modified ChMs increased the specific surface area and pore size. Additionally, the adsorption of anionic azo dyes (reactive black 5 (RB5) and methyl orange (MO)) on nanocomposites surface was pH-dependent, where surface-modified samples presented a better response under pH 4 and non-modified one under pH 8. Indeed, adsorption capacity results also showed different adsorption mechanisms, molecular size effect and electrostatic attraction, for unmodified and modified ChMs, respectively. Herein, considering all results and nanocomposite-type structure, ChM nanoparticles seem to be a suitable potential alternative for conventional anionic dyes adsorbents, as well as both primary materials source, chitosan and magnetite, are costless and easily supplied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago M. Freire
- Group of Chemistry of Advanced Materials (GQMat)—Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.M.F.); (L.M.U.D.F.)
| | - Lillian M. U. D. Fechine
- Group of Chemistry of Advanced Materials (GQMat)—Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.M.F.); (L.M.U.D.F.)
| | - Danilo C. Queiroz
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (D.C.Q.); (N.M.P.S.R.)
| | - Rafael M. Freire
- Institute of Applied Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
| | - Juliano C. Denardin
- Department of Physical/CEDENNA, University of Santiago de Chile, USACH, Av. Ecuador 3493, Santiago 9170020, Chile;
| | - Nágila M. P. S. Ricardo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (D.C.Q.); (N.M.P.S.R.)
| | - Thaina N. B. Rodrigues
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.N.B.R.); (D.R.G.); (I.J.S.J.)
| | - Diego R. Gondim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.N.B.R.); (D.R.G.); (I.J.S.J.)
| | - Ivanildo J. S. Junior
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.N.B.R.); (D.R.G.); (I.J.S.J.)
| | - Pierre B. A. Fechine
- Group of Chemistry of Advanced Materials (GQMat)—Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, Fortaleza CEP 60451-970, Brazil; (T.M.F.); (L.M.U.D.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(85)-3366-9047
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