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Shen GH, Hong JH. Chemical Synthesis of Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Analogs Linked with Cyclic Systems between the Phosphonate and the Base Moieties. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5918-5948. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190620100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of acyclic nucleoside phosphonate (ANP) analogs linked with cyclic systems
are described in the present review. The purpose of the review is to report the methodology of
ANP analogs and to give an idea on the synthesis of a therapeutic structural feature of such analogs.
The cyclopropane systems were mainly prepared by diazomethane cyclopropanation catalyzed by
Pd(OAc)2, intramolecular alkylation, Kulinkovich cyclopropanation, and use of difluorocyclopropane,
and so forth. The preparation of methylenecyclopropane system was made by diazoacetate
cyclopropanation catalyzed by Rhodium followed by addition-elimination reactions. For the preparation
of a variety of tethered 1,2,3-triazole systems, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azidealkylphosphonates
and propargylated nucleobases was mainly applied. The formation of various
phosphonate moieties was achieved via phosphonylation of alkoxide, cross-coupling between
BrZnCF2P (O)(OEt)2 with iodoalkens catalyzed by CuBr, Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction with phosphite,
and Rh(II)-catalyzed O-H insertion, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huan Shen
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Treatment for Senile Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Joon Hee Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Kwangju 501-759, Korea
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Luxmi R, Kaushik CP, Kumar D, Kumar K, Pahwa A, Sangwan J, Chahal M. A convenient synthesis and crystal structure of disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles having ether functionality. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1672744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Luxmi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - C. P. Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Devinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Ashima Pahwa
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Manisha Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
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Kaushik CP, Sangwan J, Luxmi R, Kumar K, Pahwa A. Synthetic Routes for 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles: A Review. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190514074146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic compounds like 1,2,3-triazoles serve as a key scaffolds among organic compounds having diverse applications in the field of drug discovery, bioconjugation, material science, liquid crystals, pharmaceutical chemistry and solid phase organic synthesis. Various drugs containing 1,2,3-triazole ring which are commonly available in market includes Rufinamide, Cefatrizine, Tazobactam etc., Stability to acidic/basic hydrolysis along with significant dipole moment support triazole moiety for appreciable participation in hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions with biological targets. Huisgen 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition culminate into a mixture of 1,4 and 1,5- disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. In 2001, Sharpless and Meldal came across with a copper(I) catalyzed regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles by cycloaddition between azides and terminal alkynes. This azide-alkyne cycloaddition has been labelled as a one of the important key click reaction. Click synthesis describes chemical reactions that are simple to perform, gives high selectivity, wide in scope, fast reaction rate and high yields. Click reactions are not single specific reaction, but serve as a pathway for construction of simple to complex molecules from a variety of starting materials. In the last few decades, 1,2,3-triazoles attracted attention of researchers all over the world because of their broad spectrum of biological activities. Keeping in view the biological importance of 1,2,3-triazole, in this review we focus on the various synthetic routes for the syntheisis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. This review involves various synthetic protocols which involves copper and non-copper catalysts, different solvents as well as substrates. It will boost synthetic chemists to explore new pathway for the development of newer biologically active 1,2,3-triazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander P. Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Raj Luxmi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Ashima Pahwa
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
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Głowacka IE, Grzonkowski P, Lisiecki P, Kalinowski Ł, Piotrowska DG. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 1,2,3-triazole-conjugates of quinazolin-4-ones. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800302. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona E. Głowacka
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - Piotr Grzonkowski
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - Paweł Lisiecki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - Łukasz Kalinowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - Dorota G. Piotrowska
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
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Kaushik CP, Luxmi R, Kumar M, Singh D, Kumar K, Pahwa A. One-pot facile synthesis, crystal structure and antifungal activity of 1,2,3-triazoles bridged with amine-amide functionalities. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1544371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. P. Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology , Hisar , Haryana , India
| | - Raj Luxmi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology , Hisar , Haryana , India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Centrefor Research & Development, IPCA Lab Ltd , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology , Hisar , Haryana , India
| | - Ashima Pahwa
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology , Hisar , Haryana , India
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Abstract
Prominent in the current stage of drug development, antiviral compounds can be efficiently prepared through cycloaddition reactions. The chapter reports the use of classical Diels–Alder and their hetero version for the design and synthesis of compounds that were tested for their antiviral activities against a variety of viruses. Furthermore, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of selected 1,3-dipoles, such as azides, nitrones, and nitrile oxides, are reviewed in the light of their application in the preparation of key intermediates for antiviral synthesis. A few examples of [2+2] cycloaddition reactions are also presented. The products obtained from these pericyclic reaction approaches were all tested for their activities in terms of blocking the virus replication, and the relevant biological data are highlighted.
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Halay E, Ay E, Şalva E, Ay K, Karayıldırım T. Synthesis of triazolylmethyl-linked nucleoside analogs via combination of azidofuranoses with propargylated nucleobases and study on their cytotoxicity. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-018-2248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Głowacka IE, Andrei G, Schols D, Snoeck R, Gawron K. Design, Synthesis, and the Biological Evaluation of a New Series of Acyclic 1,2,3-Triazole Nucleosides. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350:1700166. [PMID: 28763115 PMCID: PMC7161868 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for the synthesis of N3 -benzoylated- and N3 -benzylated N1 -propargylquinazoline-2,4-diones 30a-d and 31a-d from isatoic anhydride 41 is reported. The alkynes 30a-d and 31a-d were applied in the 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with azides 27 and 28 to synthesize acyclic 1,2,3-triazole nucleosides. The obtained alkynes and 1,2,3-triazole were evaluated for antiviral activity against a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses. The alkyne 30d showed activity against adenovirus-2 (EC50 = 8.3 μM), while compounds 37a and 37d were also active toward herpes simplex virus-1 wild-type and thymidine kinase deficient (HSV-1 TK- ) strains (EC50 values in the range of 4.6-13.8 μM). In addition, compounds 30a, 30b, 37b, and 37c exhibited activity toward varicella-zoster virus (VZV) TK+ and TK- strains (EC50 = 2.1-9.5 μM). The compound 30b proved to be the most selective against VZV and displayed marginal activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Although the compound 30a had improved anti-HCMV activity, the increase in anti-HCMV activity was accompanied by significant toxicity. Compounds 37a and 37d showed inhibitory effects toward the human T lymphocyte (CEM) cell line (IC50 = 21 ± 7 and 22 ± 1 μM, respectively), while compound 35 exhibited cytostatic activity toward HMEC-1 cells (IC50 = 28 ± 2 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona E. Głowacka
- Bioorganic Chemistry LaboratoryFaculty of PharmacyMedical University of ŁódźŁódźPoland
| | | | | | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical ResearchKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Bioorganic Chemistry LaboratoryFaculty of PharmacyMedical University of ŁódźŁódźPoland
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Głowacka IE, Gulej R, Grzonkowski P, Andrei G, Schols D, Snoeck R, Piotrowska DG. Synthesis and the Biological Activity of Phosphonylated 1,2,3-Triazolenaphthalimide Conjugates. Molecules 2016; 21:E1420. [PMID: 27792200 PMCID: PMC6273621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of diethyl {4-[(5-substituted-1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)-methyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl}alkylphosphonates designed as analogues of amonafide was synthesized. All phosphonates were assessed for antiviral activity against a broad range of DNA and RNA viruses and several of them showed potency against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) [EC50 (50% effective concentration) = 27.6-91.5 μM]. Compound 16b exhibited the highest activity against a thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-) VZV strain (EC50 = 27.59 μM), while 16d was the most potent towards TK⁺ VZV (EC50 = 29.91 μM). Cytostatic properties of the compounds 14a-i-17a-i were studied on L1210, CEM, HeLa and HMEC-1 cell lines and most of them were slightly cytostatic for HeLa [IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) = 29-130 µM] and L1210 cells [IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) = 14-142 µM].
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona E Głowacka
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafał Gulej
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Grzonkowski
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dominique Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dorota G Piotrowska
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
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