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Ren J, Tang X, Wang T, Wei X, Zhang J, Lu L, Liu Y, Yang B. A Dual-Modal Magnetic Resonance/Photoacoustic Imaging Tracer for Long-Term High-Precision Tracking and Facilitating Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200183. [PMID: 35306758 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuroanatomical tracing is considered a crucial technique to assess the axonal regeneration level after injury, but traditional tracers do not meet the needs of in vivo neural tracing in deep tissues. Magnetic resonance (MR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging have high spatial resolution, great penetration depth, and rich contrast. Fe3 O4 nanoparticles may work well as a dual-modal diagnosis probe for neural tracers, with the potential to improve nerve regeneration. The present study combines antegrade neural tracing imaging therapy for the peripheral nervous system. Fe3 O4 @COOH nanoparticles are successfully conjugated with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) to produce antegrade nano-neural tracers, which are encapsulated by microfluidic droplets to control leakage and allow sustained, slow release. They have many notable advantages over traditional tracers, including dual-modal real-time MR/PA imaging in vivo, long-duration release effect, and limitation of uncontrolled leakage. These multifunctional anterograde neural tracers have potential neurotherapeutic function, are reliable and may be used as a new platform for peripheral nerve injury imaging and treatment integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Ren
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Xiaoduo Tang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Laijin Lu
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Bai Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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2
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Duan L, Wang C, Zhang W, Ma B, Deng Y, Li W, Zhao D. Interfacial Assembly and Applications of Functional Mesoporous Materials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14349-14429. [PMID: 34609850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional mesoporous materials have gained tremendous attention due to their distinctive properties and potential applications. In recent decades, the self-assembly of micelles and framework precursors into mesostructures on the liquid-solid, liquid-liquid, and gas-liquid interface has been explored in the construction of functional mesoporous materials with diverse compositions, morphologies, mesostructures, and pore sizes. Compared with the one-phase solution synthetic approach, the introduction of a two-phase interface in the synthetic system changes self-assembly behaviors between micelles and framework species, leading to the possibility for the on-demand fabrication of unique mesoporous architectures. In addition, controlling the interfacial tension is critical to manipulate the self-assembly process for precise synthesis. In particular, recent breakthroughs based on the concept of the "monomicelles" assembly mechanism are very promising and interesting for the synthesis of functional mesoporous materials with the precise control. In this review, we highlight the synthetic strategies, principles, and interface engineering at the macroscale, microscale, and nanoscale for oriented interfacial assembly of functional mesoporous materials over the past 10 years. The potential applications in various fields, including adsorption, separation, sensors, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, and biomedicine, are discussed. Finally, we also propose the remaining challenges, possible directions, and opportunities in this field for the future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Changyao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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3
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Hashemzadeh N, Aghanejad A, Dalir Abdolahinia E, Dolatkhah M, Barzegar-Jalali M, Omidi Y, Barar J, Adibkia K. Targeted combined therapy in 2D and 3D cultured MCF-7 cells using metformin and erlotinib-loaded mesoporous silica magnetic nanoparticles. J Microencapsul 2021; 38:472-485. [PMID: 34511038 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2021.1979672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM This research aims to develop potential therapeutic nanostructures (NSs) encapsulating metformin (MET) and erlotinib (ER) for combinational therapy in breast cancer. METHODS The ER and MET, both were loaded on mesoporous silica magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with polyethylene glycol and methotrexate to achieve targeted NSs. The developed NSs were characterised using SEM, DLS, and FTIR. Afterward, MTT, Trypan blue, and DNA extraction assays were operated for biological evaluations in the 2D and 3D MCF-7 cells. RESULTS Physicochemical approaches indicated the mean diameter of 69.4 nm ± 9.5 (PDI = 0.64), and neutral charge (2 mv) for the developed NSs. MET and ER-loaded NSs exhibited 62.56% ± 4.41 and 67.73% ± 3.03 drug release amount in pH = 5.4, respectively. MTT assay revealed that ER- and MET-loaded NSs had less metabolic activity (≈ 20%) in comparison with non-targeted NSs. CONCLUSION Overall, our combined ER and MET-loaded targeted NSs result in a synergistic inhibitory impact on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Hashemzadeh
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Dolatkhah
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Hashemzadeh N, Dolatkhah M, Aghanejad A, Barzegar-Jalali M, Omidi Y, Adibkia K, Barar J. Folate receptor-mediated delivery of 1-MDT-loaded mesoporous silica magnetic nanoparticles to target breast cancer cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2137-2154. [PMID: 34530630 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The efficiency of mesoporous silica magnetic nanoparticles (MSMNP) as a targeted drug-delivery system was investigated. Methods: The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) were synthesized, coated with mesoporous silica and conjugated with polyethylene glycol and methotrexate. Next, 1-methyl-D-tryptophan was loaded into the prepared nanosystems (NS). They were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, vibrating sample magnetometer, x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method and their biological impacts on breast cancer cells were evaluated. Results: The prepared NSs displayed suitable properties and showed enhanced internalization by folate-receptor-expressing cells, exerting efficient cytotoxicity, which was further enhanced by the near-infrared radiation irradiation. Conclusion: On the basis of our findings, the engineered NS is a promising multifunctional nanomedicine/theranostic for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Hashemzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran
| | - Mitra Dolatkhah
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516664-14766, Iran
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5
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Li Z, Fan F, Ma J, Yin W, Zhu D, Zhang L, Wang Z. Oxygen- and bubble-generating polymersomes for tumor-targeted and enhanced photothermal-photodynamic combination therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5841-5853. [PMID: 34269778 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As a common feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia significantly impedes the effects of photodynamic therapy. Moreover, for tumor combination therapy, smart responsive and well-designed nanocarriers are highlighted to co-deliver different therapeutics, enhance drug delivery into target sites, and realize stimuli-responsive drug release. Herein, oxygen- and bubble-generating polymersomes (FIMPs) were developed for tumor-targeted and enhanced photothermal-photodynamic combination therapy. FIMPs efficiently co-encapsulated manganese dioxide (MnO2) and the hydrophobic photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) within the hydrophobic membrane as well as the bubble-generating reagent NH4HCO3 in the internal cavity of the vesicles, and achieved pH/temperature/reduction multiple responsiveness. The CO2 bubbles generated from the decomposition of NH4HCO3via laser irradiation or acidic environment and the cleavage of the copolymer disulfide bond in the reducing TME would destroy the vesicle structure for triggering drug release. In addition, oxygen can be produced to overcome tumor hypoxia through the high reaction activity of MnO2 with endogenous H2O2. In vitro studies have shown that FIMPs achieved good photothermal conversion efficiency, promoted the generation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thus effectively killed tumor cells. In vivo studies indicated that FIMPs effectively overcome the hypoxic microenvironment within tumors and significantly inhibit tumor growth with good biocompatibility. The rationally designed oxygen- and bubble-generating polymersomes have great potential to overcome the tumor hypoxia limitations for enhancing the photothermal-photodynamic combination therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouru Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, China.
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6
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Dhandapani R, Sathya A, Sethuraman S, Subramanian A. Surface modified NIR magnetic nanoprobes for theranostic applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 18:399-408. [PMID: 33217251 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1853700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Near-Infrared based imaging modalities integrated with thermotherapy can facilitate detection of cancer at early stages and mediate high-resolution image-guided hyperthermia. In this work, fluorescent iron oxide nanoparticles (FIO) have been developed possessing deep tissue penetrable NIR imaging and site-specific magnetic hyperthermia characteristics for the elimination of cancer cells.Methods: One-pot synthesis of amine-functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (HIO) were achieved using ethylenediamine (EDA) facilitated conjugation of indocyanine green (ICG) mediated by electrostatic interactions.Results: EDA acts as a capping and reducing agent to direct the structural growth of hydrophilic Fe3O4 nanocrystals with high saturation magnetization, specific absorption rate, and T2 value of 118 emu/g, 329.8 ± 5.96 W/g, and 40.17 mM-1s-1, respectively. Here, Fe2+/Fe3+ of two was maintained to achieve magnetite nanocrystals contradictory to the gold standard ratio of 0.5 without additives for nucleation and growth. Developed FIO showed excellent cytocompatibility even at higher concentrations and on subjecting to magnetic hyperthermia reduced its survival percentage. FIO biodistribution in mice showed enhanced half-life than free ICG with preferential localization in the brain and liver.Conclusion: Developed FIO using a facile technique is a potential clinical alternative for cellular tracking, imaging, and hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Dhandapani
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Ayyappan Sathya
- Department of Physics, School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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7
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Yang L, Huang B, Chen F, Jin J, Qin Z, Yang F, Li Y, Gu N. Indocyanine Green Assembled Nanobubbles with Enhanced Fluorescence and Photostability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12983-12989. [PMID: 33085898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye for extensive biomedical application. However, its fluorescence intensity is limited by its poor aqueous stability and concentration-dependent aggregation. To overcome these limitations, ICG self-assembled nanobubbles (ICG-NBs) with an average size of 244.6 nm are fabricated. In the ICG-NB assembled structures, the ICG molecules are arrayed on the gas-liquid interface by the hydrophobic interaction with the gas core and hydrophilic heads with water. Results show that ICG-NBs exhibited good monodispersity and excellent fluorescence and size stability. Compared with ICG solution, the ICG-NBs indicate the enhanced quantum yield and fluorescence intensity. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra and fluorescence lifetime measurement demonstrate that the ICG molecule assembled NBs could result in the changes of molecular vibration and time-resolved intensity decays of ICG. Thus, the ICG-NBs could be more beneficial for optical imaging in clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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8
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Zuo B, Li W, Wu X, Wang S, Deng Q, Huang M. Recent Advances in the Synthesis, Surface Modifications and Applications of Core‐Shell Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1248-1265. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zuo
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Wanfang Li
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wu
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Shige Wang
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Qinyue Deng
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
| | - Mingxian Huang
- College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 334 Jungong Road Shanghai 200093 P.R. China
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9
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Wang S, Yin Y, Song W, Zhang Q, Yang Z, Dong Z, Xu Y, Cai S, Wang K, Yang W, Wang X, Pang Z, Feng L. Red-blood-cell-membrane-enveloped magnetic nanoclusters as a biomimetic theranostic nanoplatform for bimodal imaging-guided cancer photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:803-812. [PMID: 31904076 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01829h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of red blood cell (RBC) membrane coatings has recently been found to be a biomimetic strategy to confer inner core nanomaterials with improved pharmacokinetic profiles by utilizing the intrinsic long blood circulation time of RBCs. Here, we envelope superparamagnetic nanoclusters (MNCs) with RBC membrane ghosts to obtain MNC@RBCs with significantly improved physiological stability compared to that of bare MNCs. After being loaded with near-infrared (NIR) cypate molecules, the as-prepared Cyp-MNC@RBCs show remarkably increased NIR absorbance and resultant efficient photothermal conversion efficacy. By tracking the NIR fluorescence of cypate in an in vivo fluorescence imaging system, we uncover that such Cyp-MNC@RBCs upon intravenous injection show significantly improved tumor-homing capacity as compared to bare cypate-loaded MNCs. A similar result is further evidenced by recording the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal of MNCs. Furthermore, upon exposure to 808 nm laser irradiation, the tumors grown on the mice with the intravenous injection of Cyp-MNC@RBCs show a higher temperature increase than the tumors grown on the mice injected with plain MNC@RBCs and thus are significantly suppressed via photothermal ablation. This study presents the preparation of biomimetic Cyp-MNC@RBCs with greatly improved tumor-homing capacity as multifunctional nanotheranostic agents for fluorescence and MRI bimodal imaging-guided cancer photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yipengchen Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wang Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhijuan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Ziliang Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Sanjun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Kuang Wang
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wuli Yang
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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10
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Biegger P, Ladd ME, Komljenovic D. Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probes. Recent Results Cancer Res 2020; 216:189-226. [PMID: 32594388 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42618-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is characterized by high spatial resolution and unsurpassed soft tissue discrimination. Development and characterization of both intrinsic and extrinsic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging probes in the last decade has further strengthened the pivotal role MR imaging holds in the assessment of cancer in preclinical and translational settings. Sophisticated chemical modifications of a variety of nanoparticulate probes hold the potential to deliver valuable multifunctional tools applicable in diagnostics and/or treatment in human oncology. MR imaging suffers from a lack of sensitivity achievable by, e.g., nuclear medicine imaging methods. Advantages of including additional functionality/functionalities in a probe suitable for MR imaging are thus numerous, comprising the addition of fundamentally different imaging information (diagnostics), drug delivery (therapy), or the combination of both (theranostics). In recent years, we have witnessed a plethora of preclinical multimodal or multifunctional imaging probes being published mainly as proof-of-principle studies, yet only a handful are readily applicable in clinical settings. This chapter summarizes recent innovations in the development of multifunctional MR imaging probes and discusses the suitability of these probes for clinical transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Biegger
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorde Komljenovic
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Shaker M, Elhamifar D. Core–shell structured magnetic mesoporous silica supported Schiff-base/Pd: an efficacious and reusable nanocatalyst. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06250e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Preparation, characterization and catalytic application of a novel magnetic ordered mesoporous silica supported Schiff-base/Pd (Fe3O4@MCM-41-SB/Pd) are developed.
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12
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Liu X, Wang C, Ma H, Yu F, Hu F, Yuan H. Water-Responsive Hybrid Nanoparticles Codelivering ICG and DOX Effectively Treat Breast Cancer via Hyperthermia-aided DOX Functionality and Drug Penetration. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801486. [PMID: 30856296 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis are the major causes of high mortality in breast cancer. In this study, a water-responsive phospholipid-calcium-carbonate hybrid nanoparticle (PL/ACC-DOX&ICG) surface modified with a phospholipid shell is designed and covered with a shielding polymer polyethylene glycol; this development is loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) for near-infrared (NIR) imaging and chemophotothermal combination therapy against breast cancer. PL/ACC-DOX&ICG exhibits satisfactory stability against various aqueous environments with minimal drug leakage and can readily decompose to facilitate quick drug release into cancer cells. In vivo biodistribution studies, PL/ACC-DOX&ICG demonstrated strong tumor-homing properties. Interestingly, the in vitro cellular uptake and intratumoral penetration depth of PL/ACC-DOX&ICG are significantly enhanced under NIR laser irradiation, owing to ICG-induced hyperthermia, which not only enhances cell permeability and fluidity but also disrupts the dense tumor extracellular matrix. Compared to chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, chemophotothermal combination therapy synergistically induces apoptosis and death in 4T1 cells. Moreover, compared with the phosphate buffer saline group, the combined treatment suppress primary tumor growth at a rate of approximately 94.88% and decrease the number of metastatic nodules by about 93.6%. Therefore, PL/ACC-DOX&ICG may be a promising nanoplatform for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Huisong Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Fangying Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 310058 China
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Li J, You J, Wu C, Dai Y, Shi M, Dong L, Xu K. T 1-T 2 molecular magnetic resonance imaging of renal carcinoma cells based on nano-contrast agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4607-4625. [PMID: 30127609 PMCID: PMC6091481 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s168660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of T1-T2 dual contrast agent (CA) favors the visualization of the lesion in a more accurate and reliable manner by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The relaxivity and the interference between T1 and T2 CA are the main concerns for their design. METHODS In this work, we constructed an Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex where BSA-Gd2O3 NPs and Fe3O4 NPs were chosen as T1 and T2 MRI CAs and a 20 nm mesoporous silica (mSiO2) nanoshell was introduced to reduce the interference between them. We performed transmis sion electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, UV-vis absorption spectra, and Fourier transform infrared absorption (FTIR) spectra to characterize the prepared nanocom-plex and MRI scanning to evaluate their MRI behaviors. Furthermore, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and hematologic and biochemical analyses were introduced to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Finally, the specific MRI of 786-0 cells with Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3-AS1411 nanoprobe in vitro was realized. In vivo biodistribution of Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in the mouse was determined by the quantification of the Gd element by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The prepared Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex possessed high longitudinal (r1=11.47 mM s-1 Gd) and transverse (r2=195.1 mM s-1 Fe) relaxivities, enabling its use as a T1-T2 dual contrast agent for MRI. MTT testing and hematologic and biochemical analysis indicated the good biocompatibility of Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in vitro and in vivo. After further conjugation with AS1411 aptamer, they could target tumor cells successfully by T1 and T2 MRI in vitro. The possible metabolic pathway of the tail vein-injected Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nanocomplex in mouse was mainly via kidney. CONCLUSION A T1-T2 dual-mode contrast agent, Fe3O4@mSiO2/PDDA/BSA-Gd2O3 nano-complex, was developed and its good performance for tumor cell targeting in vitro and kidney contrast-enhanced MRI in mice indicated its promising potential as an effective T1-T2 dual-mode contrast agent for in vivo MRI with self-confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China, .,School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jia You
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Meilin Shi
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lina Dong
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China, .,School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China,
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Liu J, Liu T, Pan J, Liu S, Lu G(M. Advances in Multicompartment Mesoporous Silica Micro/Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2018; 9:389-411. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060817-084225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are promising functional nanomaterials for a variety of biomedical applications, such as bioimaging, drug/gene delivery, and cancer therapy. This is due to their low density, low toxicity, high biocompatibility, large specific surface areas, and excellent thermal and mechanical stability. The past decade has seen rapid advances in the development of MSNs with multiple compartments. These include hierarchical porous structures and core-shell, yolk-shell, and Janus structured particles for efficient diagnosis and therapeutic applications. We review advances in this area, covering the categories of multicompartment MSNs and their synthesis methods, with an emphasis on hierarchical structures and the incorporation of multiple functions. We classify multicompartment mesoporous silica micro/nanostructures, ranging from core-shell and yolk-shell structures to Janus and raspberry-like nanoparticles, and discuss their synthesis methods. We review applications of these multicompartment MSNs, including bioimaging, targeted drug/gene delivery, chemotherapy, phototherapy, and in vitro diagnostics. We also highlight the latest trends and new opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Jian Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shaomin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - G.Q. (Max) Lu
- Vice-Chancellor's Office, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
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15
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Zhao T, Nguyen NT, Xie Y, Sun X, Li Q, Li X. Inorganic Nanocrystals Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Enhanced Bio-applications. Front Chem 2017; 5:118. [PMID: 29326923 PMCID: PMC5733462 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous SiO2 nanoparticles (MSNs) are one of the most promising materials for bio-related applications due to advantages such as good biocompatibility, tunable mesopores, and large pore volume. However, unlike the inorganic nanocrystals with abundant physical properties, MSNs alone lack functional features. Thus, they are not sufficiently suitable for bio-applications that require special functions. Consequently, MSNs are often functionalized by incorporating inorganic nanocrystals, which provide a wide range of intriguing properties. This review focuses on inorganic nanocrystals functionalized MSNs, both their fabrication and bio-applications. Some of the most utilized methods for coating mesoporous silica (mSiO2) on nanoparticles were summarized. Magnetic, fluorescence and photothermal inorganic nanocrystals functionalized MSNs were taken as examples to demonstrate the bio-applications. Furthermore, asymmetry of MSNs and their effects on functions were also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital & Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital & Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaomin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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16
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Zhu M, Sheng Z, Jia Y, Hu D, Liu X, Xia X, Liu C, Wang P, Wang X, Zheng H. Indocyanine Green-holo-Transferrin Nanoassemblies for Tumor-Targeted Dual-Modal Imaging and Photothermal Therapy of Glioma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:39249-39258. [PMID: 29039909 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Active-targeted cancer imaging and therapy of glioma has attracted much attention in theranostic nanomedicine. As a promising tumor-targeting ligand, holo-transferrin (holo-Tf) has been applied for enhancing delivery of nanotheranostics. However, holo-Tf-based nanoassemblies for active targeting mediated multimodal imaging and therapeutics have not been previously reported. Here, we develop a one-step method for the preparation of holo-Tf-indocyanine green (holo-Tf-ICG) nanoassemblies for fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) dual-modal imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) of glioma. The nanoassemblies are formed by hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonds between holo-Tf and ICG, which exhibit excellent active tumor-targeting and high biocompability. The brain tumor with highly expressed Tf receptor can be clearly observed with holo-Tf-ICG nanoassemblies base on FL and PA dual-modal imaging in subcutaneous and orthotopic glioma models. Under the near-infrared laser irradiation, the holo-Tf-ICG nanoassemblies accumulated in tumor regions can efficiently convert laser energy into hyperthermia for tumor ablation. The novel theranostic nanoplatform holds great promise for precision diagnosis and treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zonghai Sheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yali Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dehong Hu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xianyuan Xia
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119, China
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
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Lin L, Liang X, Xu Y, Yang Y, Li X, Dai Z. Doxorubicin and Indocyanine Green Loaded Hybrid Bicelles for Fluorescence Imaging Guided Synergetic Chemo/Photothermal Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2410-2419. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunxue Xu
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongbo Yang
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoda Li
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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18
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Nakamura M, Hayashi K, Kubo H, Kanadani T, Harada M, Yogo T. Relaxometric property of organosilica nanoparticles internally functionalized with iron oxide and fluorescent dye for multimodal imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 492:127-135. [PMID: 28086116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging using novel multifunctional nanoparticles provides a new approach for the biomedical field. Thiol-organosilica nanoparticles containing iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the core and rhodamine B in the thiol-organosilica layer (thiol OS-MNP/Rho) were synthesized in a one-pot process. The thiol OS-MNP/Rho showed enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast and high fluorescence intensity. The relaxometry of thiol OS-MNP/Rho revealed a novel coating effect of the organosilica layer to the MNPs. The organosilica layer shortened the T2 relaxation time but not the T1 relaxation time of the MNPs. We injected thiol-OS-MNP/Rho into normal mice intravenously. Injected mice revealed an alteration of the liver contrast in the MRI and a fluorescent pattern based on the liver histological structure at the level between macroscopic and microscopic fluorescent imaging (mesoscopic FI). In addition, the labeled macrophages were observed at the single cell level histologically. We demonstrated a new approach to evaluate the liver at the macroscopic, microscopic level as well as the mesoscopic level using multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Nakamura
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Hayashi
- Division of Materials Research, Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Fro-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Kubo
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Kanadani
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Student Lab, Tokushima University Faculty Medicine, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Toshinobu Yogo
- Division of Materials Research, Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Fro-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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19
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Han S, Tang Y, Guo H, Qin S, Wu J. Lanthanide-Functionalized Hydrophilic Magnetic Hybrid Nanoparticles: Assembly, Magnetic Behaviour, and Photophysical Properties. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:273. [PMID: 27245169 PMCID: PMC4887399 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The lanthanide-functionalized multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles combining the superparamagnetic core and the luminescent europium complex were successfully designed and assembled via layer-by-layer strategy in this work. It is noted that the hybrid nanoparticles were modified by a hydrophilic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) through hydrogen bonding which bestowed excellent hydrophilicity and biocompatibility on this material. A bright-red luminescence was observed by fluorescence microscopy, revealing that these magnetic-luminescent nanoparticles were both colloidally and chemically stable in PBS solution. Therefore, the nanocomposite with magnetic resonance response and fluorescence probe property is considered to be of great potential in multi-modal bioimaging and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- College of Science, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056000, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Exploitation, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Guo
- College of Science, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenjun Qin
- College of Science, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056000, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Exploitation, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zeng C, Shang W, Liang X, Liang X, Chen Q, Chi C, Du Y, Fang C, Tian J. Cancer Diagnosis and Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy Using a Dual-Modality Nanoparticle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:29232-29241. [PMID: 27731621 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To improve patient outcome and decrease overall health-care costs, highly sensitive and precise detection of a tumor is required for its accurate diagnosis and efficient therapy; however, this remains a challenge when using conventional single mode imaging. Here, we successfully designed a near-infrared (NIR)-response photothermal therapy (PTT) platform (Au@MSNs-ICG) for the location, diagnosis, and NIR/computer tomography (CT) bimodal imaging-guided PTT of tumor tissues, using gold (Au) nanospheres coated with indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which would have high sensitivity and precision. The nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited good monodispersity, fluorescence stability, biocompatibility, and NIR/CT signaling and had a preferable temperature response under NIR laser irradiation in vitro or in vivo. Using a combination of NIR/CT imaging and PTT treatment, the tumor could be accurately positioned and thoroughly eradicated in vivo by Au@MSNs-ICG injection. Hence, the multifunctional NPs could play an important role in facilitating the accurate treatment of tumors in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , No. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wenting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging , Zhongguancun East Road #95, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , No. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging , Zhongguancun East Road #95, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , No. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chongwei Chi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging , Zhongguancun East Road #95, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging , Zhongguancun East Road #95, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , No. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging , Zhongguancun East Road #95, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
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Ma Y, Ji Y, You M, Wang S, Dong Y, Jin G, Lin M, Wang Q, Li A, Zhang X, Xu F. Labeling and long-term tracking of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro using NaYF4:Yb(3+),Er(3+) upconversion nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:199-208. [PMID: 27435964 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise as cell therapy candidate in clinics. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive due to the lack of effective cell tracking approaches during therapeutic processes. In this study, we successfully synthesized and utilized NaYF4:Yb(3+),Er(3+) upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to label and track rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) during the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. To improve their biocompatibility and cellular uptake, we modified the UCNPs with negatively-charged poly(acrylic acid) and positively-charged poly(allylamine hydrochloride) in turns (i.e., PAH-PAA-UCNPs). The effect of cellular uptake of UCNPs on the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs was systematically evaluated, and no significant difference was found between rBMSCs labeled with UCNPs (concentration range of 0-50μg/mL) and UCNPs-free rBMSCs in terms of cell viability, ALP activity, osteogenic protein expressions and production of mineralized nodules. Moreover, the PAH-PAA-UCNPs at a concentration of 50μg/mL exhibited the highest biocompatibility and stability, which could well track rBMSCs during the osteogenesis process. These results would provide a positive reference for the application of these lanthanide-doped UCNPs as fluorescent nanoprobes for stem cell tracking to further understand the mechanism of stem cell fate in tissue engineering and stem cell therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted increasing attention as alternative probes for tracking various types of cells including stem cells. The reported fluorapatite-based UCNPs with the needle-like morphology showed a little poor performance on stem cell tracking, which was possibly attributed to the low upconversion efficiency and cell labeling efficiency potentially due to nanomaterial composition, crystal structure and shape. Here, we synthesized the positively-charged NaYF4:Yb(3+),Er(3+) UCNPs with hexagonal phase and sphere-like morphology to enhance their upconversion efficiency, biocompatibility and cellular uptake, leading to a successful tracking of rBMSCs in osteogenesis process without impairing cell viability and differentiation capacity. This study provided a necessary reference for the application of UCNPs in stem cell tracking to better understand the mechanism of stem cell fate in tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Yuan Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Minli You
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Shurui Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Yuqing Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Guorui Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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22
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Chen Q, Wen J, Li H, Xu Y, Liu F, Sun S. Recent advances in different modal imaging-guided photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2016; 106:144-66. [PMID: 27561885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has recently attracted considerable attention owing to its controllable treatment process, high tumour eradication efficiency and minimal side effects on non-cancer cells. PTT can melt cancerous cells by localising tissue hyperthermia induced by internalised therapeutic agents with a high photothermal conversion efficiency under external laser irradiation. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the significant potential of PTT to treat tumours in future practical applications. Unfortunately, the lack of visualisation towards agent delivery and internalisation, as well as imaging-guided comprehensive evaluation of therapeutic outcome, limits its further application. Developments in combined photothermal therapeutic nanoplatforms guided by different imaging modalities have compensated for the major drawback of PTT alone, proving PTT to be a promising technique in biomedical applications. In this review, we introduce recent developments in different imaging modalities including single-modal, dual-modal, triple-modal and even multi-modal imaging-guided PTT, together with imaging-guided multi-functional theranostic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jia Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yongqian Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Cherukula K, Manickavasagam Lekshmi K, Uthaman S, Cho K, Cho CS, Park IK. Multifunctional Inorganic Nanoparticles: Recent Progress in Thermal Therapy and Imaging. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 6:E76. [PMID: 28335204 PMCID: PMC5302572 DOI: 10.3390/nano6040076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has enabled the development of many alternative anti-cancer approaches, such as thermal therapies, which cause minimal damage to healthy cells. Current challenges in cancer treatment are the identification of the diseased area and its efficient treatment without generating many side effects. Image-guided therapies can be a useful tool to diagnose and treat the diseased tissue and they offer therapy and imaging using a single nanostructure. The present review mainly focuses on recent advances in the field of thermal therapy and imaging integrated with multifunctional inorganic nanoparticles. The main heating sources for heat-induced therapies are the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the near infrared region and alternating magnetic fields (AMFs). The different families of inorganic nanoparticles employed for SPR- and AMF-based thermal therapies and imaging are described. Furthermore, inorganic nanomaterials developed for multimodal therapies with different and multi-imaging modalities are presented in detail. Finally, relevant clinical perspectives and the future scope of inorganic nanoparticles in image-guided therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kondareddy Cherukula
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea.
| | - Kamali Manickavasagam Lekshmi
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea.
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea.
| | - Kihyun Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Centre for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea.
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Xu F, Zhao T, Yang T, Dong L, Guan X, Cui X. Fabrication of folic acid functionalized pH-responsive and thermosensitive magnetic chitosan microcapsules via a simple sonochemical method. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Song J, Qu J, Swihart MT, Prasad PN. Near-IR responsive nanostructures for nanobiophotonics: emerging impacts on nanomedicine. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 12:771-788. [PMID: 26656629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nanobiophotonics is an emerging field at the intersection of nanoscience, photonics, and biotechnology. Harnessing interactions of light with nanostructures enables new types of bioimaging, sensing, and light-activated therapy which can make a major impact on nanomedicine. Low penetration through tissue limits the use of visible light in nanomedicine. Near infrared (NIR) light (~780-1100 nm) can penetrate significantly further, enabling free-space delivery into deep tissues. This review focuses on interactions of NIR light with nanostructures to produce three effects: direct photoactivation, photothermal effects, and photochemical effects. Applications of direct photoactivation include bioimaging and biosensing using NIR-emitting quantum dots, materials with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the NIR, and upconverting nanoparticles. Two key nanomedicine applications using photothermal effects are photothermal therapy (PTT), and photoacoustic (PA) imaging. For photochemical effects, we present the latest advances in in-situ upconversion and upconverting nanostructures for NIR activation of photodynamic therapy (PDT). FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Nanobiophotonics is a relatively new field applying light for the interactions with nanostructures, which can be used in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. As near infrared (NIR) light (~780-1100 nm) can have better tissue penetration, its clinical potential is far greater. In this review, the authors discussed the latest research on the applications of NIR light in imaging and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Lab of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junle Qu
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Lab of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Mark T Swihart
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemistry, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Li T, Shen X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Yan J, Yang H, Wu C, Zeng H, Liu Y. Polyetherimide-grafted Fe₃O₄@SiO2₂ nanoparticles as theranostic agents for simultaneous VEGF siRNA delivery and magnetic resonance cell imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4279-91. [PMID: 26170664 PMCID: PMC4495783 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s85095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering a safe and high-efficiency delivery system for efficient RNA interference is critical for successful gene therapy. In this study, we designed a novel nanocarrier system of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified Fe3O4@SiO2, which allows high efficient loading of VEGF small hairpin (sh)RNA to form Fe3O4@SiO2/PEI/VEGF shRNA nanocomposites for VEGF gene silencing as well as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The size, morphology, particle stability, magnetic properties, and gene-binding capacity and protection were determined. Low cytotoxicity and hemolyticity against human red blood cells showed the excellent biocompatibility of the multifunctional nanocomposites, and also no significant coagulation was observed. The nanocomposites maintain their superparamagnetic property at room temperature and no appreciable change in magnetism, even after PEI modification. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of cellular internalization into MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by Prussian blue staining and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analysis, respectively, demonstrated that the Fe3O4@SiO2/PEI/VEGF shRNA nanocomposites could be easily internalized by MCF-7 cells, and they exhibited significant inhibition of VEGF gene expression. Furthermore, the MR cellular images showed that the superparamagnetic iron oxide core of our Fe3O4@SiO2/PEI/VEGF shRNA nanocomposites could also act as a T2-weighted contrast agent for cancer MR imaging. Our data highlight multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2/PEI/VEGF shRNA nanocomposites as a potential platform for simultaneous gene delivery and MR cell imaging, which are promising as theranostic agents for cancer treatment and diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchen Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China ; Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Zeng
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China ; Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China ; Center for Information in Biomedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Song X, Wu H, Li S, Wang Y, Ma X, Tan M. Ultrasmall Chitosan-Genipin Nanocarriers Fabricated from Reverse Microemulsion Process for Tumor Photothermal Therapy in Mice. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2080-90. [PMID: 26075349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarriers play an important role in improving the photo- and thermal-stability of photosensitizers to gain better pharmacokinetics behavior in tumor photothermal therapy. Herein, PEGylated chitosan (CG-PEG; PEG: polyethylene glycol) nanoparticles with ultrasmall size (∼5 nm) were prepared through a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion method using genipin as a cross-linker. Particle size and zeta-potential can be tuned by varying the molar ratio between chitosan amino groups and genipin. CG-PEG-ICG (ICG: indocyanine green) nanoparticles were fabricated by adding ICG to CG-PEG aqueous solution through a self-assembly method via electrostatic interaction. The resultant CG-PEG-ICG nanoparticles exhibited improved photo- and thermal-stability, good biocompatibility, and low toxicity. When irradiated with a laser, the cells incubated with CG-PEG-ICG nanoparticles showed very low cell viability (15%), indicating the CG-PEG-ICG nanoparticles possess high in vitro photothermal toxicity. Moreover, the CG-PEG nanocarriers can significantly alter the biodistribution and prolong the retention time of ICG in the mice body after intravenous injection. In vivo photothermal study of tumors injected with CG-PEG-ICG nanoparticles containing ICG at a concentration greater than 100 μg·mL(-1) (100 μL) induced irreversible tissue damage. The growth of U87 tumors was dramatically inhibited by CG-PEG-ICG nanoparticles, demonstrating that the CG-PEG nanoparticles may act as potential ICG nanocarriers for effective in vivo tumor photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Song
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Wu
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shen Li
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.,‡University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- †Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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Synthesis of folic acid functionalized redox-responsive magnetic proteinous microcapsules for targeted drug delivery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 450:325-331. [PMID: 25840270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) functionalized magnetic bovine serum albumin (BSA) microcapsules (FA-MBMCs) were prepared by a facile sonochemical method, in which FA molecule was immobilized onto the outer walls of microcapsules as a targeting ligand and oleic acid (OA) modifying Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (OA-Fe3O4 MNPs) were wrapped into the microcapsules. The obtained FA-MBMCs possessed a nice spherical morphology with the mean size of 1.4 μm. FA-MBMCs also showed an excellent magnetic and molecular dual-targeted property. Besides, the reductant-triggered diffusion of coumarin 6 suggested superior drug controlled release of FA-MBMCs.
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29
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Wu X, Li L, Zhang L, Wang T, Wang C, Su Z. Multifunctional spherical gold nanocluster aggregate@polyacrylic acid@mesoporous silica nanoparticles for combined cancer dual-modal imaging and chemo-therapy. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2421-2425. [PMID: 32262118 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb02009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional spherical aggregated gold nanoclusters encapsulated by polyacrylic acid/mesoporous silica shell nanoparticles (A-AuNC@PAA/mSiO2 NPs) with aggregation enhanced fluorescence (AEF) properties were fabricated by a facile and reproducible synthetic strategy. The as-prepared NPs were employed as novel theranostic agents for synergistic fluorescence/X-ray computed tomography imaging and chemo-therapy of liver cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.
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30
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Yen SK, Varma DP, Guo WM, Ho VHB, Vijayaragavan V, Padmanabhan P, Bhakoo K, Selvan ST. Synthesis of small-sized, porous, and low-toxic magnetite nanoparticles by thin POSS silica coating. Chemistry 2015; 21:3914-8. [PMID: 25630810 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, we report the synthesis of small-sized (<10 nm), water-soluble, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), which contain either polyethylene glycol (PEG) or octa(tetramethylammonium) (OctaTMA) as functional groups. The POSS-coated MNPs exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with saturation magnetic moments (51-53 emu g(-1)) comparable to silica-coated MNPs. They also provide good colloidal stability at different pH and salt concentrations, and low cytotoxicity to MCF-7 human breast epithelial cells. The relaxivity data and magnetic resonance (MR) phantom images demonstrate the potential application of these MNPs in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Kuan Yen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)
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Zhao Z, Shi S, Huang Y, Tang S, Chen X. Simultaneous photodynamic and photothermal therapy using photosensitizer-functionalized Pd nanosheets by single continuous wave laser. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:8878-8885. [PMID: 24801639 DOI: 10.1021/am501608c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we prepared chlorin e6 (Ce6)-functionalized Pd nanosheets (Pd-PEI-Ce6) for the photodynamic and photothermal combined therapy that use a single laser. To fabricate the Pd-PEI-Ce6 nanocomposite, photosensitizer Ce6 were chemically conjugated to polyethylenimine (PEI) and the formed Ce6-PEI conjugates were then anchored onto Pd nanosheets by electrostatic and coordination interaction. The prepared Pd-PEI-Ce6 nanocomposite were about 4.5 nm in size, exhibited broad, and strong absorption from 450 to 800 nm, good singlet oxygen generation capacity and photothermal conversion efficiency, and excellent biocompability. Significantly greater cell killing was observed when HeLa cells incubated with Pd-PEI-Ce6 were irradiated with the 660 nm laser, attributable to both Pd nanosheets-mediated photothermal ablation and the photodynamic destruction effect of photosensitizer Ce6. The double phototherapy effect was also confirmed in vivo. It was found that the Pd-PEI-Ce6 treated tumor-bearing mice displayed the enhanced therapeutic efficiency compared to that of Pd-PEI, or Ce6-treated mice. Our work highlights the promise of using Pd nanosheets for potential multimode cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005, P.R. China
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32
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Zheng M, Zhao P, Luo Z, Gong P, Zheng C, Zhang P, Yue C, Gao D, Ma Y, Cai L. Robust ICG theranostic nanoparticles for folate targeted cancer imaging and highly effective photothermal therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:6709-16. [PMID: 24697646 DOI: 10.1021/am5004393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA)-targeted indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) (FA-INPs) were developed to a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence theranostic nanoprobe for targeted imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer. The FA-INPs with good monodispersity exhibited excellent size and fluorescence stability, preferable temperature response under laser irradiation, and specific molecular targeting to MCF-7 cells with FA receptor overexpression, compared to free ICG. The FA-INPs enabled NIR fluorescence imaging to in situ monitor the tumor accumulation of the ICG. The cell survival rate assays in vitro and photothermal therapy treatments in vivo indicated that FA-INPs could efficiently targeted and suppressed MCF-7 cells and xenograft tumors. Hence, the FA-INPs are notable theranostic NPs for imaging-guided cancer therapy in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Medical College , Dongguan 523808, People's Republic of China
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33
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Tian Q, Wang Q, Yao KX, Teng B, Zhang J, Yang S, Han Y. Multifunctional polypyrrole@Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles for dual-modal imaging and in vivo photothermal cancer therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1063-1068. [PMID: 24285365 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Fe3 O4 crystals are produced in situ on preformed polypyrrole (PPY) nanoparticles by rationally converting the residual Fe species in the synthetic system. The obtained PPY@Fe(3)O(4)composite nanoparticles exhibit good photostability and biocompatibility, and they can be used as multifunctional probes for MRI, thermal imaging, and photothermal ablation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Tian
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Yi X, Wang F, Qin W, Yang X, Yuan J. Near-infrared fluorescent probes in cancer imaging and therapy: an emerging field. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:1347-65. [PMID: 24648733 PMCID: PMC3956734 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s60206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is an attractive modality for early cancer detection with high sensitivity and multi-detection capability. Due to convenient modification by conjugating with moieties of interests, NIRF probes are ideal candidates for cancer targeted imaging. Additionally, the combinatory application of NIRF imaging and other imaging modalities that can delineate anatomical structures extends fluorometric determination of biomedical information. Moreover, nanoparticles loaded with NIRF dyes and anticancer agents contribute to the synergistic management of cancer, which integrates the advantage of imaging and therapeutic functions to achieve the ultimate goal of simultaneous diagnosis and treatment. Appropriate probe design with targeting moieties can retain the original properties of NIRF and pharmacokinetics. In recent years, great efforts have been made to develop new NIRF probes with better photostability and strong fluorescence emission, leading to the discovery of numerous novel NIRF probes with fine photophysical properties. Some of these probes exhibit tumoricidal activities upon light radiation, which holds great promise in photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and photoimmunotherapy. This review aims to provide a timely and concise update on emerging NIRF dyes and multifunctional agents. Their potential uses as agents for cancer specific imaging, lymph node mapping, and therapeutics are included. Recent advances of NIRF dyes in clinical use are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yi
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Yang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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He W, Cheng L, Zhang L, Jiang X, Liu Z, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Bifunctional nanoparticles with magnetism and NIR fluorescence: controlled synthesis from combination of AGET ATRP and 'click' reaction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:045602. [PMID: 24394385 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/4/045602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, bifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) capable of emitting near infrared (NIR) fluorescence and generating superparamagnetism under an external magnetic field were prepared by combination of 'click' reaction and surface-initiated activators generated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP) of water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using biocompatible iron as the catalyst on the surface of silica-coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2) NPs. The nanosized Fe3O4@SiO2@PPEGMA-co-PGMA@N3 was prepared through AGET ATRP and alkynyl bearing NIR dye was also prepared; afterwards they were integrated together by 'click' reaction. The different stages of surface modification were approved by employing different characterization techniques such as TEM, XRD, XPS, VSM and FT-IR, and the properties of the final NPs were thoroughly studied. Their suitability as dual model imaging agents for magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence imaging was investigated, indicating them to be a competitive candidate for imaging contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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Liang R, Tian R, Liu Z, Yan D, Wei M. Preparation of Monodisperse Ferrite Nanocrystals with Tunable Morphology and Magnetic Properties. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:1161-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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37
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Gao H, Wang G, Luan Y, Chaikittikul K, Zhang X, Yang M, Dong W, Shi Z. A fast synthesis of hierarchical yolk–shell copper hydroxysulfates at room temperature with adjustable sizes. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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He W, Cheng L, Zhang L, Liu Z, Cheng Z, Zhu X. Facile fabrication of biocompatible and tunable multifunctional nanomaterials via iron-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization with activators generated by electron transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:9663-9669. [PMID: 24079826 DOI: 10.1021/am402696p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy of preparing multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) with near infra red (NIR) fluorescence and magnetism showing good hydrophilicity and low toxicity was developed via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization with activators generated by electron transfer (AGET ATRP) of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) employing biocompatible iron as the catalyst on the surface of silica coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2) NPs. The small molecules (CS2), a NIR fluorescent chromophore, can be fixed into the covalently grafted polymer shell of the NPs by chemical reaction through a covalent bond to obtain stable CS2 dotted NPs Fe3O4@SiO2@PPEGMA-co-PGMA@CS2. The fluorescence intensity of the as-prepared NPs could be conveniently regulated by altering the silica shell thickness (varying the feed of silica source TEOS), CS2 feed, or the feed ratio of VPEGMA/VGMA, which are easily realized in the preparation process. Thorough investigation of the properties of the final NPs including in vivo dual modal imaging indicate that such NPs are one of the competitive candidates as imaging agents proving a promising potential in the biomedical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Wang YG, Kim H, Mun S, Kim D, Choi Y. Indocyanine green-loaded perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions for bimodal (19)F-magnetic resonance/nearinfrared fluorescence imaging and subsequent phototherapy. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2013; 3:132-40. [PMID: 23833726 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2013.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an indocyanine green-loaded perfluorocarbon (ICG/PFCE) nanoemulsion as a multifunctional theranostic nanomedicine which enables not only (19)F magnetic resonance (MR)/near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) bimodal imaging but also subsequent photodynamic/photothermal dual therapy of cancer. The hydrodynamic size of ICG/PFCE nanoemulsions was 164.2 nm. The stability of indocyanine green (ICG) in aqueous solution was significantly improved when loaded on perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions. In addition, ICG/PFCE nanoemulsions showed good dispersion stability in aqueous media containing 10% fetal bovine serum, for at least 14 days. (19)F-MRI of ICG/PFCE nanoemulsions showed that the signal intensity increased with increasing nanoemulsion concentration with no signal observed from the surrounding background. Using NIRF imaging with perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion alone, without ICG, did not produce NIRF, while clear and bright fluorescent images were obtained with ICG/PFCE nanoemulsions at 10-µM ICG equivalent. The capacity of ICG-loaded nanoemulsions to generate heat following light irradiation by using an 810-nm laser was comparable to that of free ICG, while singlet oxygen generation of ICG-loaded nanoemulsions was significantly better than that of free ICG. In vitro cytotoxicity tests and fluorescence microscopy confirmed biocompatibility of the nanoemulsion. Upon light irradiation, U87MG glioblastoma cells incubated with ICG/PFCE nanoemulsions underwent necrotic cell death. The therapeutic mechanism during light illumination appears to be mainly due to the photodynamic effect at lower ICG concentrations, whilst the photothermal effect became more obvious at increased ICG concentrations, enabling combined photodynamic/photothermal therapy of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Guo Wang
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Branch, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea
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