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Dardik A. A surgeon-scientist's approach to improving arteriovenous fistula patency. JVS Vasc Sci 2024; 5:100207. [PMID: 38975292 PMCID: PMC11225657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
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2
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Nys N, Khatib AM, Siegfried G. Apela promotes blood vessel regeneration and remodeling in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3718. [PMID: 38355946 PMCID: PMC10867005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to adult mammals, zebrafish display a high capacity to heal injuries and repair damage to various organs. One of the earliest responses to injury in adult zebrafish is revascularization, followed by tissue morphogenesis. Tissue vascularization entails the formation of a blood vessel plexus that remodels into arteries and veins. The mechanisms that coordinate these processes during vessel regeneration are poorly understood. Hence, investigating and identifying the factors that promote revascularization and vessel remodeling have great therapeutic potential. Here, we revealed that fin vessel remodeling critically depends on Apela peptide. We found that Apela selectively accumulated in newly formed zebrafish fin tissue and vessels. The temporal expression of Apela, Apln, and their receptor Aplnr is different during the regenerative process. While morpholino-mediated knockdown of Apela (Mo-Apela) prevented vessel remodeling, exogenous Apela peptide mediated plexus repression and the development of arteries in regenerated fins. In contrast, Apela enhanced subintestinal venous plexus formation (SIVP). The use of sunitinib completely inhibited vascular plexus formation in zebrafish, which was not prevented by exogenous application. Furthermore, Apela regulates the expression of vessel remolding-related genes including VWF, IGFPB3, ESM1, VEGFR2, Apln, and Aplnr, thereby linking Apela to the vascular plexus factor network as generated by the STRING online database. Together, our findings reveal a new role for Apela in vessel regeneration and remodeling in fin zebrafish and provide a framework for further understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in vessel regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Nys
- RYTME, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, University of Bordeaux, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- RYTME, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, University of Bordeaux, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France.
- ZebraFish, Research and Technology, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France.
- Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Geraldine Siegfried
- RYTME, Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-UMR1312 Inserm, University of Bordeaux, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France.
- ZebraFish, Research and Technology, B2 Ouest, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire CS50023, 33615, Pessac, France.
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3
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Meng Y, Lv T, Zhang J, Shen W, Li L, Li Y, Liu X, Lei X, Lin X, Xu H, Meng A, Jia S. Temporospatial inhibition of Erk signaling is required for lymphatic valve formation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:342. [PMID: 37691058 PMCID: PMC10493226 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraluminal lymphatic valves (LVs) and lymphovenous valves (LVVs) are critical to ensure the unidirectional flow of lymphatic fluid. Morphological abnormalities in these valves always cause lymph or blood reflux, and result in lymphedema. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of valve development remains poorly understood. We here report the implication of Efnb2-Ephb4-Rasa1 regulated Erk signaling axis in lymphatic valve development with identification of two new valve structures. Dynamic monitoring of phospho-Erk activity indicated that Erk signaling is spatiotemporally inhibited in some lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) during the valve cell specification. Inhibition of Erk signaling via simultaneous depletion of zygotic erk1 and erk2 or treatment with MEK inhibitor selumetinib causes lymphatic vessel hypoplasia and lymphatic valve hyperplasia, suggesting opposite roles of Erk signaling during these two processes. ephb4b mutants, efnb2a;efnb2b or rasa1a;rasa1b double mutants all have defective LVs and LVVs and exhibit blood reflux into lymphatic vessels with an edema phenotype. Importantly, the valve defects in ephb4b or rasa1a;rasa1b mutants are mitigated with high-level gata2 expression in the presence of MEK inhibitors. Therefore, Efnb2-Ephb4 signaling acts to suppress Erk activation in valve-forming cells to promote valve specification upstream of Rasa1. Not only do our findings reveal a molecular mechanism of lymphatic valve formation, but also provide a basis for the treatment of lymphatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuguang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hanfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Anming Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Shunji Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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4
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Pibouin-Fragner L, Eichmann A, Pardanaud L. Environmental and intrinsic modulations of venous differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:491. [PMID: 35987946 PMCID: PMC11072674 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04470-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells in veins differ in morphology, function and gene expression from those in arteries and lymphatics. Understanding how venous and arterial identities are induced during development is required to understand how arterio-venous malformations occur, and to improve the outcome of vein grafts in surgery by promoting arterialization of veins. To identify factors that promote venous endothelial cell fate in vivo, we isolated veins from quail embryos, at different developmental stages, that were grafted into the coelom of chick embryos. Endothelial cells migrated out from the grafted vein and their colonization of host veins and/or arteries was quantified. We show that venous fate is promoted by sympathetic vessel innervation at embryonic day 11. Removal of sympathetic innervation decreased vein colonization, while norepinephrine enhanced venous colonization. BMP treatment or inhibition of ERK enhanced venous fate, revealing environmental neurotransmitter and BMP signaling and intrinsic ERK inhibition as actors in venous fate acquisition. We also identify the BMP antagonist Noggin as a potent mediator of venous arterialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Eichmann
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, 75015, Paris, France.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Luc Pardanaud
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, 75015, Paris, France.
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5
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Yang C, Shu C, Wang L, Li X, He H, Li J, Zhu J, Yang Y, Dardik A. EphB4 signaling maintains the contractile phenotype of adult venous smooth muscle cells. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4522-4531. [PMID: 32913525 PMCID: PMC7476139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous vein grafting remains the gold standard for surgical bypass grafts. However, vein bypasses still have significant incidence of failure. Ephrin type-B receptor 4 (EphB4), the embryonic venous determinant, may modulate vein graft adaptation. Although EphB4 is expressed in venous endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), it is not known whether EphB4 is functional in human SMCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human adult venous SMCs were obtained from the inferior vena cava of an adult human liver donor. Primary SMCs were stimulated with EphrinB2/Fc or transfected with an EphB4-expression vector (GV219-EphB4). Expression of SMC phenotype markers, migration, and proliferation were evaluated. RESULTS Activation of EphB4 with EphrinB2/Fc increased the mRNA and protein expression of the venous SMC contractile markers alpha actin, calponin-1, SM22, and MYH11, while decreasing the expression of the synthetic marker osteopontin. EphrinB2/Fc treatment inhibited SMC migration, but not proliferation. In addition, overexpression of EphB4 increased mRNA expression of SMC contractile markers, while decreasing expression of the apoptosis marker caspase-9. CONCLUSIONS EphB4 was present and functional in adult human venous SMCs. Stimulation of EphB4 increased expression of contractile SMC phenotypic markers and decreased SMC migration in vitro, functioning to retain the contractile phenotype of SMCs. EphB4 activation, therefore, recapitulates changes observed during vein graft adaptation to the arterial environment in vivo. EphB4 represents a new strategy to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia during vein graft adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzi Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
| | - Lunchang Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiehua Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieting Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
- Vascular Disease Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yibo Yang
- Department of Sport Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s HospitalChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA
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6
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Arteriogenesis of the Spinal Cord-The Network Challenge. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020501. [PMID: 32098337 PMCID: PMC7072838 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a clinical complication following aortic repair that significantly impairs the quality and expectancy of life. Despite some strategies, like cerebrospinal fluid drainage, the occurrence of neurological symptoms, such as paraplegia and paraparesis, remains unpredictable. Beside the major blood supply through conduit arteries, a huge collateral network protects the central nervous system from ischemia—the paraspinous and the intraspinal compartment. The intraspinal arcades maintain perfusion pressure following a sudden inflow interruption, whereas the paraspinal system first needs to undergo arteriogenesis to ensure sufficient blood supply after an acute ischemic insult. The so-called steal phenomenon can even worsen the postoperative situation by causing the hypoperfusion of the spine when, shortly after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) surgery, muscles connected with the network divert blood and cause additional stress. Vessels are a conglomeration of different cell types involved in adapting to stress, like endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. This adaption to stress is subdivided in three phases—initiation, growth, and the maturation phase. In fields of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair, pre-operative selective segmental artery occlusion may enable the development of a sufficient collateral network by stimulating collateral vessel growth, which, again, may prevent spinal cord ischemia. Among others, the major signaling pathways include the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway/the antiapoptotic kinase (AKT) pathway/the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway, the Erk1, the delta-like ligand (DII), the jagged (Jag)/NOTCH pathway, and the midkine regulatory cytokine signaling pathways.
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7
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Hashimoto T, Isaji T, Hu H, Yamamoto K, Bai H, Santana JM, Kuo A, Kuwahara G, Foster TR, Hanisch JJ, Yatsula BA, Sessa WC, Hoshina K, Dardik A. Stimulation of Caveolin-1 Signaling Improves Arteriovenous Fistula Patency. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:754-764. [PMID: 30786746 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the most common access created for hemodialysis; however, many AVF fail to mature and require repeated intervention, suggesting a need to improve AVF maturation. Eph-B4 (ephrin type-B receptor 4) is the embryonic venous determinant that is functional in adult veins and can regulate AVF maturation. Cav-1 (caveolin-1) is the major scaffolding protein of caveolae-a distinct microdomain that serves as a mechanosensor at the endothelial cell membrane. We hypothesized that Cav-1 function is critical for Eph-B4-mediated AVF maturation. Approach and Results- In a mouse aortocaval fistula model, both Cav-1 mRNA and protein were increased in the AVF compared with control veins. Cav-1 KO (knockout) mice showed increased fistula wall thickening ( P=0.0005) and outward remodeling ( P<0.0001), with increased eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) activity compared with WT (wild type) mice. Ephrin-B2/Fc inhibited AVF outward remodeling in WT mice but not in Cav-1 KO mice and was maintained in Cav-1 RC (Cav-1 endothelial reconstituted) mice (WT, P=0.0001; Cav-1 KO, P=0.7552; Cav-1 RC, P=0.0002). Cavtratin-a Cav-1 scaffolding domain peptide-decreased AVF wall thickness in WT mice and in Eph-B4 het mice compared with vehicle alone (WT, P=0.0235; Eph-B4 het, P=0.0431); cavtratin also increased AVF patency (day 42) in WT mice ( P=0.0275). Conclusions- Endothelial Cav-1 mediates Eph-B4-mediated AVF maturation. The Eph-B4-Cav-1 axis regulates adaptive remodeling during venous adaptation to the fistula environment. Manipulation of Cav-1 function may be a translational strategy to enhance AVF patency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hashimoto
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.).,Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan (T.H., T.I., K.Y., K.H.)
| | - Toshihiko Isaji
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.).,Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan (T.H., T.I., K.Y., K.H.)
| | - Haidi Hu
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.)
| | - Kota Yamamoto
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.).,Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan (T.H., T.I., K.Y., K.H.)
| | - Hualong Bai
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.)
| | - Jeans M Santana
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Andrew Kuo
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Pharmacology (A.K., W.C.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Go Kuwahara
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Trenton R Foster
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.)
| | - Jesse J Hanisch
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bogdan A Yatsula
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - William C Sessa
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Pharmacology (A.K., W.C.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Katsuyuki Hoshina
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Tokyo, Japan (T.H., T.I., K.Y., K.H.)
| | - Alan Dardik
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., A.K., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., W.C.S., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., J.M.S., G.K., T.R.F., J.J.H., B.A.Y., A.D.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (T.H., T.I., H.H., K.Y., H.B., T.R.F., A.D.)
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8
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Li D, Wenger TL, Seiler C, March ME, Gutierrez-Uzquiza A, Kao C, Bhoj E, Tian L, Rosenbach M, Liu Y, Robinson N, Behr M, Chiavacci R, Hou C, Wang T, Bakay M, Pellegrino da Silva R, Perkins JA, Sleiman P, Levine MA, Hicks PJ, Itkin M, Dori Y, Hakonarson H. Pathogenic variant in EPHB4 results in central conducting lymphatic anomaly. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3233-3245. [PMID: 29905864 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Central conducting lymphatic anomaly (CCLA) is one of the complex lymphatic anomalies characterized by dilated lymphatic channels, lymphatic channel dysmotility and distal obstruction affecting lymphatic drainage. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of DNA from a four-generation pedigree and examined the consequences of the variant by transfection of mammalian cells and morpholino and rescue studies in zebrafish. WES revealed a heterozygous mutation in EPHB4 (RefSeq NM_004444.4; c.2334 + 1G>C) and RNA-Seq demonstrated that the EPHB4 mutation destroys the normal donor site, which leads to the use of a cryptic splice donor that results in retention of the intervening 12-bp intron sequence. Transient co-expression of the wild-type and mutant EPHB4 proteins showed reduced phosphorylation of tyrosine, consistent with a loss-of-function effect. Zebrafish ephb4a morpholino resulted in vessel misbranching and deformities in the lymphatic vessel development, indicative of possible differentiation defects in lymphatic vessels, mimicking the lymphatic presentations of the patients. Immunoblot analysis using zebrafish lysates demonstrated over-activation of mTORC1 as a consequence of reduced EPHB4 signaling. Strikingly, drugs that inhibit mTOR signaling or RAS-MAPK signaling effectively rescued the misbranching phenotype in a comparable manner. Moreover, knock-in of EPHB4 mutation in HEK293T cells also induced mTORC1 activity. Our data demonstrate the pathogenicity of the identified EPHB4 mutation as a novel cause of CCLA and suggesting that ERK inhibitors may have therapeutic benefits in such patients with complex lymphatic anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tara L Wenger
- Division of Craniofacial Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christoph Seiler
- Zebrafish core, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Charlly Kao
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bhoj
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Misha Rosenbach
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yichuan Liu
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nora Robinson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mechenzie Behr
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosetta Chiavacci
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cuiping Hou
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marina Bakay
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan A Perkins
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael A Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes
| | - Patricia J Hicks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Center for Lymphatic Imaging and Interventions
| | - Yoav Dori
- Center for Lymphatic Imaging and Interventions
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Divisions of Human Genetics and Pulmonary Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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9
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Arora S, Lam AJY, Cheung C, Yim EKF, Toh YC. Determination of critical shear stress for maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells towards an arterial subtype. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1164-1175. [PMID: 30597522 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs) present an attractive alternative to primary EC sources for vascular grafting. However, there is a need to mature them towards either an arterial or venous subtype. A vital environmental factor involved in the arteriovenous specification of ECs during early embryonic development is fluid shear stress; therefore, there have been attempts to employ adult arterial shear stress conditions to mature hPSC-ECs. However, hPSC-ECs are naïve to fluid shear stress, and their shear responses are still not well understood. Here, we used a multiplex microfluidic platform to systematically investigate the dose-time shear responses on hPSC-EC morphology and arterial-venous phenotypes over a range of magnitudes coincidental with physiological levels of embryonic and adult vasculatures. The device comprised of six parallel cell culture chambers that were individually linked to flow-setting resistance channels, allowing us to simultaneously apply shear stress ranging from 0.4 to 15 dyne/cm 2 . We found that hPSC-ECs required up to 40 hr of shear exposure to elicit a stable phenotypic change. Cell alignment was visible at shear stress <1 dyne/cm 2 , which was independent of shear stress magnitude and duration of exposure. We discovered that the arterial markers NOTCH1 and EphrinB2 exhibited a dose-dependent increase in a similar manner beyond a threshold level of 3.8 dyne/cm 2 , whereas the venous markers COUP-TFII and EphB4 expression remained relatively constant across different magnitudes. These findings indicated that hPSC-ECs were sensitive to relatively low magnitudes of shear stress, and a critical level of ~4 dyne/cm 2 was sufficient to preferentially enhance their maturation into an arterial phenotype for future vascular tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seep Arora
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adele Jing Ying Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technical University, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Tissue Engineering Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Wolf K, Hu H, Isaji T, Dardik A. Molecular identity of arteries, veins, and lymphatics. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69:253-262. [PMID: 30154011 PMCID: PMC6309638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels are distinguished by structural differences that correspond to their different functions. Each of these vessels is also defined by specific molecular markers that persist throughout adult life; these markers are some of the molecular determinants that control the differentiation of embryonic undifferentiated cells into arteries, veins, or lymphatics. METHODS This is a review of experimental literature. RESULTS The Eph-B4 receptor and its ligand, ephrin-B2, are critical molecular determinants of vessel identity, arising on endothelial cells early in embryonic development. Eph-B4 and ephrin-B2 continue to be expressed on adult vessels and mark vessel identity. However, after vascular surgery, vessel identity can change and is marked by altered Eph-B4 and ephrin-B2 expression. Vein grafts show loss of venous identity, with less Eph-B4 expression. Arteriovenous fistulas show gain of dual arterial-venous identity, with both Eph-B4 and ephrin-B2 expression, and manipulation of Eph-B4 improves arteriovenous fistula patency. Patches used to close arteries and veins exhibit context-dependent gain of identity, that is, patches in the arterial environment gain arterial identity, whereas patches in the venous environment gain venous identity; these results show the importance of the host infiltrating cells in determining vascular identity after vascular surgery. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the vessel's molecular identity after vascular surgery correspond to structural changes that depend on the host's postsurgical environment. Regulation of vascular identity and the underlying molecular mechanisms may allow new therapeutic approaches to improve vascular surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Wolf
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Haidi Hu
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Toshihiko Isaji
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn.
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11
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Stromal cells of hemangioblastomas exhibit mesenchymal stem cell-derived vascular progenitor cell properties. Brain Tumor Pathol 2018; 35:193-201. [PMID: 29936560 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-018-0323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hemangioblastoma is composed of neoplastic stromal cells and a prominent capillary network. To date, the identity of stromal cells remains unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells can give rise to committed vascular progenitor cells, and ephrin-B2/EphB4 and Notch signaling have crucial roles in these steps. The aim of our study was to elucidate that stromal cells of central nervous system hemangioblastomas have mesenchymal stem cell-derived vascular progenitor cell properties. Ten hemangioblastomas were investigated immunohistochemically. CD44, a mesenchymal stem cell marker, was detected in stromal cells of all cases, suggesting that stromal cells have mesenchymal stem cell-like properties. Neither CD31 nor α-SMA was expressed in stromal cells, suggesting that stromal cells have not acquired differentiated vascular cell properties. Both ephrin-B2 and EphB4, immature vascular cell markers, were detected in stromal cells of all cases. Jagged1, Notch1, and Hesr2/Hey2, which are known to be detected in both immature endothelial cells and mural cells, were expressed in stromal cells of all cases. Notch3, which is known to be detected in differentiating mural cells, was also expressed in all cases. These results suggest that stromal cells also have vascular progenitor cell properties. In conclusion, stromal cells of hemangioblastomas exhibit mesenchymal stem cell-derived vascular progenitor cell properties.
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12
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Arterial dysgenesis and limb defects: Clinical and experimental examples. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 70:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Isaji T, Hashimoto T, Yamamoto K, Santana JM, Yatsula B, Hu H, Bai H, Jianming G, Kudze T, Nishibe T, Dardik A. Improving the Outcome of Vein Grafts: Should Vascular Surgeons Turn Veins into Arteries? Ann Vasc Dis 2017; 10:8-16. [PMID: 29034014 PMCID: PMC5579803 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autogenous vein grafts remain the gold standard conduit for arterial bypass, particularly for the treatment of critical limb ischemia. Vein graft adaptation to the arterial environment, i.e., adequate dilation and wall thickening, contributes to the superior performance of vein grafts. However, abnormal venous wall remodeling with excessive neointimal hyperplasia commonly causes vein graft failure. Since the PREVENT trials failed to improve vein graft outcomes, new strategies focus on the adaptive response of the venous endothelial cells to the post-surgical arterial environment. Eph-B4, the determinant of venous endothelium during embryonic development, remains expressed and functional in adult venous tissue. After surgery, vein grafts lose their venous identity, with loss of Eph-B4 expression; however, arterial identity is not gained, consistent with loss of all vessel identity. In mouse vein grafts, stimulation of venous Eph-B4 signaling promotes retention of venous identity in endothelial cells and is associated with vein graft walls that are not thickened. Eph-B4 regulates downstream signaling pathways of relevance to vascular biology, including caveolin-1, Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Regulation of the Eph-B4 signaling pathway may be a novel therapeutic target to prevent vein graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Isaji
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kota Yamamoto
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeans M Santana
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bogdan Yatsula
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Haidi Hu
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hualong Bai
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guo Jianming
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tambudzai Kudze
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Toshiya Nishibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alan Dardik
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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