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Talepoor AG, Doroudchi M. Regulatory RNAs in immunosenescence. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1209. [PMID: 38456619 PMCID: PMC10921898 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence is a multifactorial stress response to different intrinsic and extrinsic insults that cause immune deterioration and is accompanied by genomic or epigenomic perturbations. It is now widely recognized that genes and proteins contributing in the process of immunosenescence are regulated by various noncoding (nc) RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the regulatore RNAs roles in the process of immunosenescence. METHODS We analyzed publications that were focusing on the different roles of regulatory RNAs on the several aspects of immunosenescence. RESULTS In the immunosenescence setting, ncRNAs have been found to play regulatory roles at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These factors cooperate to regulate the initiation of gene expression programs and sustaining the senescence phenotype and proinflammatory responses. CONCLUSION Immunosenescence is a complex process with pivotal alterations in immune function occurring with age. The extensive network that drive immunosenescence-related features are are mainly directed by a variety of regulatory RNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Latest findings about regulation of senescence by ncRNAs in the innate and adaptive immune cells as well as their role in the immunosenescence pathways, provide a better understanding of regulatory RNAs function in the process of immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterUniversity of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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2
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Chen T, Liu J, Li S, Wang P, Shang G. The role of protein arginine N-methyltransferases in inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:208-214. [PMID: 36075843 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) promote the methylation of numerous proteins at their arginine residues. An increasing number of publications have suggested that dysregulation of PRMTs participates in various human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. Inflammation is one normal response to infection or injury by immune system, which can keep body homeostasis. Emerging data reveal that inflammation is associated with the development of numerous diseases. Moreover, accumulated evidence proves that PRMTs have been characterized to regulate inflammation in various diseases. In this review article, we delineate the function and molecular mechanism of PRMTs in regulation of inflammation in current literature. Moreover, we discuss that targeting PRMTs by its inhibitors and compounds could have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Shizhe Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Peter Wang
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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3
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Andleeb S, Iqbal Z, Gulzar N, Raza A, Ahmad A. Synthesis, Characterization, Acute Dermal Toxicity, Anti-inflammatory, and Wound Healing Potential of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles in Balb C Mice. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1452-1465. [PMID: 37518998 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230727122201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The current study aimed to develop an economic plant-based therapeutic agent to improve the treatment strategies for diseases at the nano-scale. METHODS In the current research, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Trillium govanianum aqueous extract. Characterizations were done using UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vivo biological activities such as acute dermal toxicity, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory were done on Balb C mice. Absorbance at 295 nm corresponds to the out-of-plane quadrupole Plasmonresonance while at 350 nm corresponds to in-plane dipole resonance. SEM images showed the morphology of TGAgNPs is not exactly spherical while XRD analysis shows that highly crystalline TGAgNPs with an average size of 27.94 nm. The FTIR spectrum represents sharp peaks of aldehyde, amide I, aromatic rings, and polysaccharides. The microscopic assessment did not find any epidermal and dermal layer abnormalities in Blab C mice when exposed to TGAgNPs during acute dermal toxicity. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Results revealed that 1000 mg/kg is not a lethal dose. In the wound healing activity, no mortality and no abnormal signs were observed when petroleum jelly, nitrofuranose, TGaqu, and TGAgNPs-based ointments were applied. Enhanced epithelization was recorded in TGaqu and TGAgNPs treated mice (p≤0.001). The wound contraction percentage was higher in nitrofuranose-treated mice (74%) followed by TGAgNPs (71%), and TGaqu (69%) compared to vehicle-treated and open-wounded mice. The paw edema model proved the potential use of TGAgNPs and TGaqu as anti-inflammatory agents. CONCLUSION Hence, the results proved that both TGaqu and TGAgNPs are not toxic and possessed strong anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects due to the presence of phytochemical constituents and could be used in various drug production as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Gulzar
- Department of Zoology, Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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4
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Gagliardi D, Rizzuti M, Brusa R, Ripolone M, Zanotti S, Minuti E, Parente V, Dioni L, Cazzaniga S, Bettica P, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S, Magri F, Velardo D. MicroRNAs as serum biomarkers in Becker muscular dystrophy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4678-4685. [PMID: 35880500 PMCID: PMC9443944 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is an X‐linked neuromuscular disorder due to mutation in the DMD gene, encoding dystrophin. Despite a wide clinical variability, BMD is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and proximal muscle weakness. Interestingly, a dysregulated expression of muscle‐specific microRNAs (miRNAs), called myomirs, has been found in patients affected with muscular dystrophies, although few studies have been conducted in BMD. We analysed the serum expression levels of a subset of myomirs in a cohort of 29 ambulant individuals affected by BMD and further classified according to the degree of alterations at muscle biopsy and in 11 age‐matched healthy controls. We found a significant upregulation of serum miR‐1, miR‐133a, miR‐133b and miR‐206 in our cohort of BMD patients, supporting the role of these miRNAs in the pathophysiology of the disease, and we identified serum cut‐off levels discriminating patients from healthy controls, confiming the potential of circulating miRNAs as promising noninvasive biomarkers. Moreover, serum levels of miR‐133b were found to be associated with fibrosis at muscle biopsy and with patients' motor performances, suggesting that miR‐133b might be a useful prognostic marker for BMD patients. Taken together, our data showed that these serum myomirs may represent an effective tool that may support stratification of BMD patients, providing the opportunity of both monitoring disease progression and assessing the treatment efficacy in the context of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Gagliardi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mafalda Rizzuti
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Brusa
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Zanotti
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Minuti
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Parente
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Dioni
- EPIGET Lab, Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Nereo Bresolin
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Magri
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Velardo
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Wang Y, Liu X, Xia P, Li Z, FuChen X, Shen Y, Yu P, Zhang J. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs on Phagocytes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901166. [PMID: 35634335 PMCID: PMC9130478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious microorganisms, followed by a smooth transition to resolution and repair. During the inflammatory response, neutrophils play a crucial role in antimicrobial defense as the first cells to reach the site of infection damage. However, if the neutrophils that have performed the bactericidal effect are not removed in time, the inflammatory response will not be able to subside. Anti-inflammatory macrophages are the main scavengers of neutrophils and can promote inflammation towards resolution. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have great potential as clinical targeted therapy and have attracted much attention in recent years. This paper summarizes the involvement of miRNAs in the process of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating lipid metabolism, cytokine secretion, inflammatory factor synthesis and tissue repair in two types of cells. This will provide a certain reference for miRNA-targeted treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinxi FuChen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
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6
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Xiang Q, Zhao Y, Lin J, Jiang S, Li W. Epigenetic modifications in spinal ligament aging. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 77:101598. [PMID: 35218968 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spinal stenosis is a common degenerative spine disorder in the aged population and the spinal ligament aging is a main contributor to this chronic disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of spinal ligament aging remain unclear. Epigenetics is the study of heritable and reversible changes in the function of a gene or genome that occur without any alteration in the primary DNA sequence. Epigenetic alterations have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in age-related diseases and conditions, and they are recently studied as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the field of cancer research. The main epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation alteration, histone modifications as well as dysregulated noncoding RNA modulation, have all been implicated in spinal ligament aging diseases. DNA methylation modulates the expression of critical genes including WNT5A, GDNF, ACSM5, miR-497 and miR-195 during spinal ligament degeneration. Histone modifications widely affect gene expression and obvious histone modification abnormalities have been found in spinal ligament aging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert crucial regulating effects on spinal ligament aging conditions via targeting various osteogenic or fibrogenic differentiation related genes. To our knowledge, there is no systematic review yet to summarize the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms of spinal ligament aging in degenerative spinal diseases. In this study, we systematically discussed the different epigenetic modifications and their potential functions in spinal ligament aging process.
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7
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Beltrán-García J, Osca-Verdegal R, Nácher-Sendra E, Cardona-Monzonís A, Sanchis-Gomar F, Carbonell N, Pallardó FV, Lavie CJ, García-Giménez JL. Role of non-coding RNAs as biomarkers of deleterious cardiovascular effects in sepsis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 68:70-77. [PMID: 34265333 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms occurring during sepsis that produce an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) are poorly understood. Even less information exists regarding CV dysfunction as a complication of sepsis, particularly for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. However, recent research has demonstrated that non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play a crucial role in genetic reprogramming, gene regulation, and inflammation during the development of CVD. Here we describe experimental findings showing the importance of non-coding RNAs mediating relevant mechanisms underlying CV dysfunction after sepsis, so contributing to sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Importantly, non-coding RNAs are critical novel regulators of CVD risk factors. Thus, they are potential candidates to improve diagnostics and prognosis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and other CVD events occurring after sepsis and set the basis to design novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Beltrán-García
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, Valencia 900225235, Spain; INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, Valencia 900225235, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Nácher-Sendra
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cardona-Monzonís
- EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nieves Carbonell
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Intensive Care Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, Valencia 900225235, Spain; INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, Valencia 900225235, Spain; INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain.
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Swain T, Deaver CM, Lewandowski A, Myers MJ. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory changes to differentially expressed miRNAs of the host inflammatory response. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 237:110267. [PMID: 33993048 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In veterinary medicine, inflammation in swine is evaluated principally by clinical signs. This method is often unreliable when assessing large animal populations because of inconsistent interpretations of clinical observations. This study examined whether changes in miRNA expression can predict the severity of the inflammatory response in swine after administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Whole blood from swine challenged with LPS at 0.125 μg/kg to 2.0 μg/kg body weight was collected at 0, 1, 3, and 8 h post LPS-challenge. Mature miRNAs were extracted from plasma and quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the 84 most abundant swine miRNAs found in plasma. The miRNA changes in expression were assessed using the comparative CT Method (ΔΔCT method) for normalization with an exogenous control. The results revealed that expression of ssc-let-7e-5p, ssc-mir-22-3p, and ssc-miR-146a-5p were the most significantly changed miRNA over the time course. At 1 h post-LPS, ssc-let-7e-5p decreased as the LPS dosage levels increased from 0.125 to 1.0 μg/kg. Similarly, as the LPS doses increased from 0.125 to 0.5 μg/kg, ssc-miR-22-3p levels significantly decreased at 1 h post-LPS. In the 2.0 μg/kg LPS, ssc-miR-146a-5p levels increased between 0 and 3 h post-LPS; however, expression was downregulated with a 145 % decrease from 3 to 8 h. The three miRNA biomarkers suggest potentially useful surrogate endpoints for the evaluation of inflammatory and endotoxemia responses in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevon Swain
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD, 20708, United States
| | - Christine M Deaver
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD, 20708, United States
| | - Anne Lewandowski
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20903, United States
| | - Michael J Myers
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD, 20708, United States.
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Wake M, Kobayashi D. Associations between plasma levels of omega-3 fatty acids and subsequent allergic diseases. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 42:318-324. [PMID: 33745599 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some metabolites of omega-3 fatty acids, such as Maresin have been reported as inflammation converging substances and are suspected to be related to various inflammatory diseases. However, limited number of clinical researches on the association between omega-3 fatty acid as blood levels and inflammatory diseases were published. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study at St. Luke's International Hospital from January 2007 to December 2017. We included all adult patients who had measured plasma fatty acids levels as a part of clinical practice. We excluded patients who had a prior medical history of any allergic diseases. Our primary outcomes were the development of any allergic diseases. The outcomes were compared with Cox proportional hazard model between patients quartered by baseline plasma levels of n-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 1506 patients were included. The mean age was 63.3 (SD: 12.5) years and 1066 (70.8%) were male. The mean EPA levels were 84.09 (SD: 58.67) μg/ml and DHA levels were 139.61 (SD: 60.47) μg/ml. Neither EPA nor DHA levels were significantly associated with the development of allergic disease (log-rank test; p = 0.933, p = 0.908, respectively) in bivariable analyses, or multivariable analyses (hazard ratios [HRs]: 0.90-0.97 for EPA; and HRs: 0.89-0.90 for DHA). CONCLUSIONS The EPA and DHA levels were related to C-reactive protein (CRP) of inflammation maker, but non-significant associated with development allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Wake
- School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, St. Luke's International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan; Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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10
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Aleksandrova K, Egea Rodrigues C, Floegel A, Ahrens W. Omics Biomarkers in Obesity: Novel Etiological Insights and Targets for Precision Prevention. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:219-230. [PMID: 32594318 PMCID: PMC7447658 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Omics-based technologies were suggested to provide an advanced understanding of obesity etiology and its metabolic consequences. This review highlights the recent developments in "omics"-based research aimed to identify obesity-related biomarkers. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in obesity and metabolism research increasingly rely on new technologies to identify mechanisms in the development of obesity using various "omics" platforms. Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers that translate into changes in transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome could serve as targets for obesity prevention. Despite a number of promising candidate biomarkers, there is an increased demand for larger prospective cohort studies to validate findings and determine biomarker reproducibility before they can find applications in primary care and public health. "Omics" biomarkers have advanced our knowledge on the etiology of obesity and its links with chronic diseases. They bring substantial promise in identifying effective public health strategies that pave the way towards patient stratification and precision prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Caue Egea Rodrigues
- Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anna Floegel
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Lee NH, Lee E, Kim YS, Kim WK, Lee YK, Kim SH. Differential expression of microRNAs in the saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis: a pilot study of potential biomarkers for aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2020; 50:281-290. [PMID: 33124206 PMCID: PMC7606899 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2000120006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare microRNA (miRNA) gene expression in saliva using miRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays in healthy and aggressive periodontitis (AP) patients. Methods PCR arrays of 84 miRNAs related to the human inflammatory response and autoimmunity from the saliva samples of 4 patients with AP and 4 healthy controls were performed. The functions and diseases related to the miRNAs were obtained using TAM 2.0. Experimentally validated targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained from mirTarBase. Gene ontology terms and pathways were analyzed using ConsensusPathDB. Results Four downregulated miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-181b-5p, and hsa-miR-23b-3p) were identified in patients with AP. These miRNAs are associated with cell death and innate immunity, and they target genes associated with osteoclast development and function. Conclusions This study is the first analysis of miRNAs in the saliva of patients with AP. Identifying discriminatory human salivary miRNA biomarkers reflective of periodontal disease in a non-invasive screening assay is crucial for the development of salivary diagnostics. These data provide a first step towards the discovery of key salivary miRNA biomarkers for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hun Lee
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Kyung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kyoo Lee
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Naqvi AR, Brambila MF, Martínez G, Chapa G, Nares S. Dysregulation of human miRNAs and increased prevalence of HHV miRNAs in obese periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:51-61. [PMID: 30499589 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate human and herpesvirus-encoded microRNA (miRNA) expression in healthy and diseased gingiva of obese and non-obese subjects and compare the impact of localized and systemic inflammation on human miRNA profiles. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthy and inflamed gingival biopsies were collected from obese and non-obese subjects. Human and herpesvirus miRNA expression was quantified using quantitative PCR. Predicted targets of dysregulated miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics analysis, validated by dual luciferase assays and their expression assessed in healthy and diseased tissues. RESULTS Our results show differential expression of miRNAs in both diseased groups compared to healthy counterparts. MMP-16 is identified as a novel target of miRNAs altered in disease. Expression analysis of genes predicted as target of differentially expressed miRNAs show significant changes in disease compared with healthy tissues. Finally, quantitation of four herpesvirus-derived viral miRNAs show that the expression and prevalence of herpesvirus miRNAs in diseased gingiva of obese subjects. CONCLUSION Our findings show that miRNA (both cellular and virus) expression is differentially responsive to local and systemic inflammation. Some of these miRNAs can modulate key cellular genes with direct consequences on inflammatory pathways suggesting their impact on oral tissue transcriptome and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria F Brambila
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gloria Martínez
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Chapa
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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13
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Li X, Yu M, Han L, Chen L, Zhang D, Zhou G, Zhao Q, Sun T. LINC00305 represses miR-124 expression to trigger inflammatory insults in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2352-2360. [PMID: 31190561 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1624559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Manqiu Yu
- Department of Trauma Reconstruction, Shandong Wendeng Orthopaedic & Traumatic Hospital Weihai, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Daxue Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Guannan Zhou
- Emergency Department, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Taitao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Jining No.1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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14
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Zamani P, Oskuee RK, Atkin SL, Navashenaq JG, Sahebkar A. MicroRNAs as important regulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 150:50-61. [PMID: 31100298 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a group of cytosolic multi-protein signaling complexes that regulate maturation of the interleukin (IL)-1 family cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 through activation of inflammatory caspase-1. The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the best characterized and consists of several key components that are assembled and activated in response to different endogenous and exogenous signals. The NLRP3 inflammasome is common to a number of human inflammatory diseases and its targeting may lead to novel anti-inflammatory therapy. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is tightly regulated by different mechanisms especially post-transcriptional modulation via microRNAs (miRNA). MicroRNAs are small endogenous noncoding RNAs that are 21-23 nucleotides in length and control the expression of various genes through binding to the 3'-untranslated regions of the respective mRNA and subsequent post-transcriptional regulation. MicroRNAs have recently been recognized as crucial regulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complexes and their impact on the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Zamani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Ma C, Ruan J, Long H, Wang Y. Sinomenine Inhibits the Progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Regulating the Secretion of Inflammatory Cytokines and Monocyte/Macrophage Subsets. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2228. [PMID: 30319663 PMCID: PMC6168735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthropathy associated with articular damage and attendant comorbidities. Even although RA treatment has advanced remarkably over the last decade, a significant proportion of patients still do not achieve sustained remission. The cause of RA is not yet known despite the many potential mechanisms proposed. It has been confirmed that RA is associated with dysregulated immune system and persistent inflammation. Therefore, management of inflammation is always the target of therapy. Sinomenine (SIN) is the prescription drug approved by the Chinese government for RA treatment. A previous study found that SIN was a robust anti-inflammation drug. In this study, we screened the different secretory cytokines using inflammation antibody arrays and qRT-PCR in both LPS-induced and SIN-treated RAW264.7 cells followed by evaluation of the ability of SIN to modulate cytokine secretion in a cell model, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, and RA patients. Several clinical indexes affecting the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) were determined before and after SIN treatment. Clinical indexes, inflammatory cytokine secretion, and DAS28 were compared among RA patients treated with either SIN or methotrexate (MTX). To explore the mechanism of SIN anti-inflammatory function, RA-associated monocyte/macrophage subsets were determined using flow cytometry in CIA mouse model and RA patients, both treated with SIN. The results demonstrated that SIN regulated IL-6, GM-CSF, IL-12 p40, IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-1β, KC (CXCL1), Eotaxin-2, IL-10, M-CSF, RANTES, and MCP-1 secretion in vivo and in vitro and reduced RA activity and DAS28 in a clinical setting. Furthermore, SIN attenuated CD11b+F4/80+CD64+ resident macrophages in the synovial tissue, CD11b+Ly6C+CD43+ macrophages in the spleen and draining lymph nodes of CIA mice. The percentage of CD14+CD16+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells was reduced by SIN in RA patients. These data indicated that SIN regulates the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines and monocyte/macrophage subsets, thereby suppressing RA progression. Therefore, along with MTX, SIN could be an alternative cost-effective anti-inflammatory agent for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Biobank of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weina Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Biobank of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Biobank of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Ruan
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Biobank of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyan Long
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Biobank of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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16
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Ni X, Li XZ, Fan ZR, Wang A, Zhang HC, Zhang L, LI L, Si JQ, Ma KT. Increased expression and functionality of the gap junction in peripheral blood lymphocytes is associated with hypertension-mediated inflammation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:40. [PMID: 30151015 PMCID: PMC6102908 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imbalances in circulating T lymphocytes play critical roles in the pathogenesis of hypertension-mediated inflammation. Connexins (Cxs) in immune cells are involved in the maintenance of homeostasis of T lymphocytes. However, the association between Cxs in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and hypertension-mediated inflammation remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the role of Cxs in T lymphocytes in hypertension-mediated inflammation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS The systolic blood pressure (SBP) in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and SHRs was monitored using the tail-cuff method. The serum cytokine level was determined using ELISA. The proportions of different T-lymphocyte subtypes in the peripheral blood, the expressions of Cx40/Cx43 in the T-cell subtypes, and the gap junctional intracellular communication (GJIC) of peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry (FC). The accumulations of Cx40/Cx43 at the plasma membrane and/or in the cytoplasm were determined using immunofluorescence staining. The in vitro mRNA levels of cytokines and GJIC in the peripheral blood lymphocytes were respectively examined using real-time PCR and FC after treatment with Gap27 and/or concanavalin A (Con A). RESULTS The percentage of CD4+ T cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were high, and the accumulation or expressions of Cx40/Cx43 in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in SHRs were higher than in those of WKY rats. The percentage of CD8+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells was lower in SHRs. The serum levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 from SHRs were higher than those from WKY rats, and the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-6 positively correlated with the expression of Cx40/Cx43 in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes from SHRs. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of SHRs exhibited enhanced GJIC. Cx43-based channel inhibition, which was mediated by Gap27, remarkably reduced GJIC in lymphocytes, and suppressed IL-2 and IL-6 mRNA expressions in Con A stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Cxs may be involved in the regulation of T-lymphocyte homeostasis and the production of cytokines. A clear association was found between alterations in Cxs expression or in Cx43-based GJIC and hypertension-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ni
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Xin-zhi Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Zhi-ru Fan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Ai Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Hai-chao Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Li LI
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Jun-qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
| | - Ke-tao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Shihezi University, 59 North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xingjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang China
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17
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MicroRNAs and immunity in periodontal health and disease. Int J Oral Sci 2018; 10:24. [PMID: 30078842 PMCID: PMC6080405 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-018-0025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of the host immune and inflammatory response against bacterial pathogens. In the present review, we discuss target genes, target gene functions, the potential regulatory role of miRNAs in periodontal tissues, and the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics. In periodontal disease, miRNAs exert control over all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity, including the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and T and B cells. Previous human studies have highlighted some key miRNAs that are dysregulated in periodontitis patients. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs that were altered in our reproducible periodontitis mouse model relative to control animals. The miRNAs that were upregulated as a result of periodontal disease in both human and mouse studies included miR-15a, miR-29b, miR-125a, miR-146a, miR-148/148a and miR-223, whereas miR-92 was downregulated. The association of individual miRNAs with unique aspects of periodontal disease and their stability in gingival crevicular fluid underscores their potential as markers for periodontal disease progression or healthy restitution. Moreover, miRNA therapeutics hold great promise for the future of periodontal therapy because of their ability to modulate the immune response to infection when applied in conjunction with synthetic antagomirs and/or relatively straightforward delivery strategies.
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18
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Emming S, Chirichella M, Monticelli S. MicroRNAs as modulators of T cell functions in cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 430:172-178. [PMID: 29800683 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They have emerged as important modulators of T lymphocyte biology, influencing cell activation, differentiation and proliferation in response to environmental signals. Here, we will discuss how miRNAs expressed by T cells can influence two key aspects of tumorigenesis, namely the direct, cell-intrinsic oncogenic transformation of T lymphocytes, as well as the indirect effects on tumor growth mediated by altered immune surveillance. We will specifically focus on three miRNAs that have been shown to regulate different aspects of T cell biology in both physiological and pathological conditions, namely miR-155, miR-146a and miR-181a. We aim at providing examples of the fundamental importance of miRNA-regulated networks in determining the fate of T lymphocytes during oncogenic transformation and in the control of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Emming
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita' della Svizzera italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michele Chirichella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita' della Svizzera italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita' della Svizzera italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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19
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Sheinerman KS, Toledo JB, Tsivinsky VG, Irwin D, Grossman M, Weintraub D, Hurtig HI, Chen-Plotkin A, Wolk DA, McCluskey LF, Elman LB, Trojanowski JQ, Umansky SR. Circulating brain-enriched microRNAs as novel biomarkers for detection and differentiation of neurodegenerative diseases. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017; 9:89. [PMID: 29121998 PMCID: PMC5679501 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Minimally invasive specific biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) would facilitate patient selection and disease progression monitoring. We describe the assessment of circulating brain-enriched microRNAs as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods In this case-control study, the plasma samples were collected from 250 research participants with a clinical diagnosis of AD, FTD, PD, and ALS, as well as from age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 50 for each group), recruited from 2003 to 2015 at the University of Pennsylvania Health System, including the Alzheimer’s Disease Center, the Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, the Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, and the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Clinic. Each group was randomly divided into training and confirmation sets of equal size. To evaluate the potential of circulating microRNAs enriched in specific brain regions affected by NDs and present in synapses as biomarkers of NDs, the levels of 37 brain-enriched and inflammation-associated microRNAs in the plasma of all participants were measured using individual qRT-PCR. A “microRNA pair” approach was used for data normalization. Results MicroRNA pairs and their combinations (classifiers) capable of differentiating NDs from control and from each other were defined using independently and jointly analyzed training and confirmation datasets. AD, PD, FTD, and ALS are differentiated from control with accuracy of 0.89, 0.90, 0.88, and 0.83 (AUCs, 0.96, 0.96, 0.94, and 0.93), respectively; NDs are differentiated from each other with accuracy ranging from 0.77 (AUC, 0.87) for AD vs. FTD to 0.93 (AUC, 0.98) for AD vs. ALS. The data further indicate sex dependence of some microRNA markers. The average increase in accuracy in distinguishing ND from control for all and male/female groups is 0.06; the largest increase is for ALS, from 0.83 for all participants to 0.92/0.98 for male/female participants. Conclusions The work presented here suggests the possibility of developing microRNA-based diagnostics for detection and differentiation of NDs. Larger multicenter clinical studies are needed to further evaluate circulating brain-enriched microRNAs as biomarkers for NDs and to investigate their association with other ND biomarkers in clinical trial settings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0316-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jon B Toledo
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Present address: Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - David Irwin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Howard I Hurtig
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alice Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Leo F McCluskey
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lauren B Elman
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Institute on Aging, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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20
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Lu Y, Liu X, Xie M, Liu M, Ye M, Li M, Chen XM, Li X, Zhou R. The NF-κB-Responsive Long Noncoding RNA FIRRE Regulates Posttranscriptional Regulation of Inflammatory Gene Expression through Interacting with hnRNPU. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3571-3582. [PMID: 28993514 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs, a newly identified class of noncoding RNAs, are important regulators of gene expression in innate immunity. We report in this study that the transcription of FIRRE, a conserved long noncoding RNA between humans and mice, is controlled by NF-κB signaling in macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. Functionally, FIRRE appears to positively regulate the expression of several inflammatory genes in macrophages or intestinal epithelial cells in response to LPS stimulation via posttranscriptional mechanisms. Specifically, FIRRE physically interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins U, regulating the stability of mRNAs of selected inflammatory genes through targeting the AU-rich elements of their mRNAs in cells following LPS stimulation. Therefore, our data indicate a new regulatory role for NF-κB-responsive FIRRE in the posttranscriptional regulation of inflammatory genes in the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Lu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Minghong Xie
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Mingjia Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Mengling Ye
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Xian-Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178; and
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China;
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21
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Alexander M, Ramstead AG, Bauer KM, Lee SH, Runtsch MC, Wallace J, Huffaker TB, Larsen DK, Tolmachova T, Seabra MC, Round JL, Ward DM, O'Connell RM. Rab27-Dependent Exosome Production Inhibits Chronic Inflammation and Enables Acute Responses to Inflammatory Stimuli. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3559-3570. [PMID: 28978688 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, have recently been implicated as novel mediators of immune cell communication in mammals. However, roles for endogenously produced exosomes in regulating immune cell functions in vivo are just beginning to be identified. In this article, we demonstrate that Rab27a and Rab27b double-knockout (Rab27DKO) mice that are deficient in exosome secretion have a chronic, low-grade inflammatory phenotype characterized by elevated inflammatory cytokines and myeloproliferation. Upon further investigation, we found that some of these phenotypes could be complemented by wild-type (WT) hematopoietic cells or administration of exosomes produced by GM-CSF-expanded bone marrow cells. In addition, chronically inflamed Rab27DKO mice had a blunted response to bacterial LPS, resembling endotoxin tolerance. This defect was rescued by bone marrow exosomes from WT, but not miR-155-/-, cells, suggesting that uptake of miR-155-containing exosomes is important for a proper LPS response. Further, we found that SHIP1 and IRAK-M, direct targets of miR-155 that are known negative regulators of the LPS response, were elevated in Rab27DKO mice and decreased after treatment with WT, but not miR-155-/-, exosomes. Together, our study finds that Rab27-dependent exosome production contributes to homeostasis within the hematopoietic system and appropriate responsiveness to inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Alexander
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Andrew G Ramstead
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Kaylyn M Bauer
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Soh-Hyun Lee
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Marah C Runtsch
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Jared Wallace
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Thomas B Huffaker
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Dane K Larsen
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Tanya Tolmachova
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel C Seabra
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - June L Round
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Diane M Ward
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
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Abba ML, Patil N, Leupold JH, Allgayer H. MicroRNA Regulation of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5010008. [PMID: 26784241 PMCID: PMC4730133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central regulatory program that is similar in many aspects to several steps of embryonic morphogenesis. In addition to its physiological role in tissue repair and wound healing, EMT contributes to chemo resistance, metastatic dissemination and fibrosis, amongst others. Classically, the morphological change from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype is characterized by the appearance or loss of a group of proteins which have come to be recognized as markers of the EMT process. As with all proteins, these molecules are controlled at the transcriptional and translational level by transcription factors and microRNAs, respectively. A group of developmental transcription factors form the backbone of the EMT cascade and a large body of evidence shows that microRNAs are heavily involved in the successful coordination of mesenchymal transformation and vice versa, either by suppressing the expression of different groups of transcription factors, or otherwise acting as their functional mediators in orchestrating EMT. This article dissects the contribution of microRNAs to EMT and analyzes the molecular basis for their roles in this cellular process. Here, we emphasize their interaction with core transcription factors like the zinc finger enhancer (E)-box binding homeobox (ZEB), Snail and Twist families as well as some pluripotency transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed L Abba
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 6, 68135 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nitin Patil
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 6, 68135 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jörg Hendrik Leupold
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 6, 68135 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Heike Allgayer
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 6, 68135 Mannheim, Germany.
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