1
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Le SP, Krishna J, Gupta P, Dutta R, Li S, Chen J, Thayumanavan S. Polymers for Disrupting Protein-Protein Interactions: Where Are We and Where Should We Be? Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:6229-6249. [PMID: 39254158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are central to the cellular signaling and regulatory networks that underlie many physiological and pathophysiological processes. It is challenging to target PPIs using traditional small molecule or peptide-based approaches due to the frequent lack of well-defined binding pockets at the large and flat PPI interfaces. Synthetic polymers offer an opportunity to circumvent these challenges by providing unparalleled flexibility in tuning their physiochemical properties to achieve the desired binding properties. In this review, we summarize the current state of the field pertaining to polymer-protein interactions in solution, highlighting various polyelectrolyte systems, their tunable parameters, and their characterization. We provide an outlook on how these architectures can be improved by incorporating sequence control, foldability, and machine learning to mimic proteins at every structural level. Advances in these directions will enable the design of more specific protein-binding polymers and provide an effective strategy for targeting dynamic proteins, such as intrinsically disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jithu Krishna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Prachi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ranit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Shanlong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jianhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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2
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Mayse L, Wang Y, Ahmad M, Movileanu L. Real-Time Measurement of a Weak Interaction of a Transcription Factor Motif with a Protein Hub at Single-Molecule Precision. ACS NANO 2024; 18:20468-20481. [PMID: 39049818 PMCID: PMC11308778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors often interact with other protein cofactors, regulating gene expression. Direct detection of these brief events using existing technologies remains challenging due to their transient nature. In addition, intrinsically disordered domains, intranuclear location, and lack of cofactor-dependent active sites of transcription factors further complicate the quantitative analysis of these critical processes. Here, we create a genetically encoded label-free sensor to identify the interaction between a motif of the MYC transcription factor, a primary cancer driver, and WDR5, a chromatin-associated protein hub. Using an engineered nanopore equipped with this motif, WDR5 is probed through reversible captures and releases in a one-by-one and time-resolved fashion. Our single-molecule kinetic measurements indicate a weak-affinity interaction arising from a relatively slow complex association and a fast dissociation of WDR5 from the tethered motif. Further, we validate this subtle interaction by determinations in an ensemble using single nanodisc-wrapped nanopores immobilized on a biolayer interferometry sensor. This study also provides the proof-of-concept for a sensor that reveals unique recognition signatures of different protein binding sites. Our foundational work may be further developed to produce sensing elements for analytical proteomics and cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren
A. Mayse
- Department
of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Yazheng Wang
- Department
of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Mohammad Ahmad
- Department
of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Liviu Movileanu
- Department
of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Biology, Syracuse University, 114 Life Sciences Complex, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- The
BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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3
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Abedi E, Altemimi AB, Roohi R, Hashemi SMB, Conte FL. Understanding starch gelatinization and rheology modeling of tapioca starch- NaCl/CaCl 2 blends: Thermodynamic properties and gelatinization reaction kinetics during pre- and post-ultrasonication. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132865. [PMID: 38844286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The presence of salt can impact the fluid phase and gelatinization process of starch granules. The variation in viscosity and rheology models including the Herschel-Bulkley, the Casson model, and the power law, were determined by adding salts before and after starch ultrasonication. Non-isothermal kinetics can be utilized for the mathematical modeling of the gelatinization process and the evolution of the reaction. Unlike Na+ ions, Ca+2 ions notably elevate viscosity. The Casson model accurately predicts viscosity data. Results indicate that the addition of Na+ ions decreases yield stress by up to 60.4 %, while Ca+2 ions increase by up to 100.8 %. Adding Na+ ions decreases the required thermal energy by as much as 49.6 %, while the presence of Ca+2 ions can lead to a substantial increase of up to 337.1 % compared to control samples. The positive ∆G indicates a non-spontaneous gelatinization process. The addition of NaCl promotes a spontaneous reaction, while the addition of CaCl2 increases the Gibbs energy. The changes in entropy are minimal, implying minimal changes in starches' disorder structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Abedi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ammar B Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq; College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Reza Roohi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran.
| | | | - Francesca Laura Conte
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci 13, 98168 Messina, Italy
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4
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Ahmad M, Imran A, Movileanu L. Overlapping characteristics of weak interactions of two transcriptional regulators with WDR5. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128969. [PMID: 38158065 PMCID: PMC10922662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The WD40 repeat protein 5 (WDR5) is a nuclear hub that critically influences gene expression by interacting with transcriptional regulators. Utilizing the WDR5 binding motif (WBM) site, WDR5 interacts with the myelocytomatosis (MYC), an oncoprotein transcription factor, and the retinoblastoma-binding protein 5 (RbBP5), a scaffolding element of an epigenetic complex. Given the clinical significance of these protein-protein interactions (PPIs), there is a pressing necessity for a quantitative assessment of these processes. Here, we use biolayer interferometry (BLI) to examine interactions of WDR5 with consensus peptide ligands of MYC and RbBP5. We found that both interactions exhibit relatively weak affinities arising from a fast dissociation process. Remarkably, live-cell imaging identified distinctive WDR5 localizations in the absence and presence of full-length binding partners. Although WDR5 tends to accumulate within nucleoli, WBM-mediated interactions with MYC and RbBP5 require their localization outside nucleoli. We utilize fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy to confirm these weak interactions through a low FRET efficiency of the MYC-WDR5 and RbBP5-WDR5 complexes in living cells. In addition, we evaluate the impact of peptide and small-molecule inhibitors on these interactions. These outcomes form a fundamental basis for further developments to clarify the multitasking role of the WBM binding site of WDR5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA
| | - Liviu Movileanu
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA; Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; The BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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5
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Wang T, Sun L, Mao X, Du X, Liu J, Chen L, Chen J. Bridging attraction of condensed bovine serum albumin solution in the presence of trivalent ions: A SANS study. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130487. [PMID: 37806463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The bridging attraction of condensed bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution (D2O) in the presence of yttrium chloride (YCl3) was studied by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). With increasing the concentration of YCl3 (cY) from 3 to 15 mM and from 15 to 100 mM, the intensity in low-q region increases and then decreases. Combining the tri-axial ellipsoid (TaE) geometry and the multi-component sticky hard sphere (SHS) potential, a SHS-TaE model was established to quantitatively determine the size and distribution of particles. In this way, the structural mechanism of the aggregation-redissolution process in protein solution was demonstrated and discussed. As cY increases from 3 to 100 mM, the SHS radius rL decreases from ca. 2.97 to 2.50 nm, suggesting that the relatively well dispersed BSAs may form aggregates with various polydispersities. The axis a increases from 1.88 to 2.30 nm, while b and c decrease from 3.53 to 3.23 nm and from 4.12 to 3.55 nm, respectively. (RgTaE decreases from ca. 2.57 to 2.38 nm). Moreover, the scattering length density (SLD) of BSA decreases from 3.67 to 1.56 × 10-6 Å-2. All these results consistently indicate a strengthened attraction and the BSA molecules might shrink and tune out to be more like of oblate ellipsoid with increasing the amount of YCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China.
| | - Liangwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 621999 Mianyang, China
| | - Xin Mao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Xiaobo Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China.
| | - Jihui Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 621999 Mianyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 621999 Mianyang, China.
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6
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Peng Y, Zhao D, Li M, Wen X, Ni Y. Production and functional characteristics of low-sodium high-potassium soy protein for the development of healthy soy-based foods. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1332-1340. [PMID: 36442573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The plant-based products that are mainly produced by soy protein isolate (SPI) present significantly higher sodium (Na) content than the corresponding animal-based products. Accordingly, the production of low-sodium soy protein ingredients becomes a challenging task. For this purpose, alternative soy fractionation processes were investigated, and the use of KOH as the replacement for NaOH has been established to produce soy protein fractions (SPFs). The obtained MF-K contained 0.2 mg sodium and 24 mg potassium per 100 g of fraction, which was 3 % of the sodium content in the SPI, and the potassium content was over 10 times higher than SPI. Besides, using KOH increased the protein content of SPFs by almost 7 %, as well as their water holding capacity (WHC) and thermal stability; however, the yields of SPFs were dropped by around 4-8 % while the protein solubility of SPFs was reduced companied with the application of KOH. The fractionation processes mainly affected the protein composition, powder morphology, and viscosity of SPFs, while the sodium and potassium content showed limited impacts on the variations. Overall, the application of KOH during different fractionation procedures provided the possibility to produce low-sodium high‑potassium soy protein ingredients for the development of healthy soy-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Peng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Yuxiang Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mo Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuanying Ni
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Rumanek T, Kołodziej M, Piątkowski W, Antos D. Preferential precipitation of acidic variants from monoclonal antibody pools. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:114-124. [PMID: 36226348 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microheterogeneity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can impact their activity and stability. Formation of charge variants is considered as the most important source of the microheterogeneity. In particular, controlling the content of the acidic species is often of major importance for the production process and regulatory approval of therapeutic proteins. In this study, the preferential precipitation process was developed for reducing the content of acidic variants in mAb downstream pools. The process design was preceded by the determination of phase behavior of mAb variants in the presence of different precipitants. It was shown that the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in protein solutions favored precipitation of acidic variants of mAbs. Precipitation yield was influenced by the variant composition in the mAb feed solutions, the concentration of the precipitant and the protein, and the ionic strength of the solutions. To improve yield, multistage precipitation was employed, where the precipitate was recycled to the precipitation process. The final product was a mixture of supernatants pooled together from the recycling steps. Such an approach can be potentially used either instead or in a combination with chromatography for adjusting the acidic variant content of mAbs, which can benefit in improvement in throughput and reduction in manufacturing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Rumanek
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Michał Kołodziej
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piątkowski
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Antos
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
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8
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Zarzar J, Khan T, Bhagawati M, Weiche B, Sydow-Andersen J, Alavattam S. High concentration formulation developability approaches and considerations. MAbs 2023; 15:2211185. [PMID: 37191233 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2211185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing need for biologics to be administered subcutaneously and ocularly, coupled with certain indications requiring high doses, has resulted in an increase in drug substance (DS) and drug product (DP) protein concentrations. With this increase, more emphasis must be placed on identifying critical physico-chemical liabilities during drug development, including protein aggregation, precipitation, opalescence, particle formation, and high viscosity. Depending on the molecule, liabilities, and administration route, different formulation strategies can be used to overcome these challenges. However, due to the high material requirements, identifying optimal conditions can be slow, costly, and often prevent therapeutics from moving rapidly into the clinic/market. In order to accelerate and derisk development, new experimental and in-silico methods have emerged that can predict high concentration liabilities. Here, we review the challenges in developing high concentration formulations, the advances that have been made in establishing low mass and high-throughput predictive analytics, and advances in in-silico tools and algorithms aimed at identifying risks and understanding high concentration protein behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zarzar
- Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tarik Khan
- Pharma Technical Development Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maniraj Bhagawati
- Large Molecule Research, Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weiche
- Large Molecule Research, Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Sydow-Andersen
- Large Molecule Research, Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
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9
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Kusova AM, Sitnitsky AE, Uversky VN, Zuev YF. Effect of Protein–Protein Interactions on Translational Diffusion of Spheroidal Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169240. [PMID: 36012504 PMCID: PMC9409276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the commonly accepted approaches to estimate protein–protein interactions (PPI) in aqueous solutions is the analysis of their translational diffusion. The present review article observes a phenomenological approach to analyze PPI effects via concentration dependencies of self- and collective translational diffusion coefficient for several spheroidal proteins derived from the pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG NMR) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), respectively. These proteins are rigid globular α-chymotrypsin (ChTr) and human serum albumin (HSA), and partly disordered α-casein (α-CN) and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg). The PPI analysis enabled us to reveal the dominance of intermolecular repulsion at low ionic strength of solution (0.003–0.01 M) for all studied proteins. The increase in the ionic strength to 0.1–1.0 M leads to the screening of protein charges, resulting in the decrease of the protein electrostatic potential. The increase of the van der Waals potential for ChTr and α-CN characterizes their propensity towards unstable weak attractive interactions. The decrease of van der Waals interactions for β-Lg is probably associated with the formation of stable oligomers by this protein. The PPI, estimated with the help of interaction potential and idealized spherical molecular geometry, are in good agreement with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Kusova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksandr E. Sitnitsky
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yuriy F. Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lobachevsky Str., 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(843)-2319036
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10
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Ali MS, Uttinger MJ, Romeis S, Schmidt J, Peukert W. Effect of protein adsorption on the dissolution kinetics of silica nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 214:112466. [PMID: 35338965 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticulate systems in the presence of proteins are highly relevant for various biomedical applications such as photo-thermal therapy and targeted drug delivery. These involve a complex interplay between the charge state of nanoparticles and protein, the resulting protein conformation, adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics, as well as particle dissolution. SiO2 is a common constituent of bioactive glasses used in biomedical applications. In this context, the dissolution behavior of silica particles in the presence of a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), at physiologically relevant pH conditions was studied. Sedimentation analysis using an analytical ultracentrifuge showed that BSA in the supernatant solution is not affected by the presence of silica nanoparticles. However, zeta potential measurements revealed that the presence of the protein alters the particles' charge state. Adsorption and dissolution studies demonstrated that the presence of the protein significantly enhances the dissolution kinetics via interactions of positively charged amino acids in the protein with the negative silica surface and interaction of BSA with dissolved silicate species. Our study provides comprehensive insights into the complex interactions between proteins and oxide nanoparticles and establishes a reliable protocol paving the way for future investigations in more complex systems involving biological solutions as well as bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Ali
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Maximilian J Uttinger
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Romeis
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jochen Schmidt
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Particle Technology, Cauerstr. 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Masri M, Nur F, Widodo J, Jusuf E, Sahar W, Wahida N, Risnawati R, Nurbaya S, Asri TA, Fadly N. A novel L‐asparaginase from the symbiotic
Enterobacter aerogenes
isolated from
Eucheuma
sp. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mashuri Masri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Fatmawati Nur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Joko Widodo
- Laboratory of Technology Department STIKES Mega Rezky Makassar Indonesia
| | - Ekafadly Jusuf
- School of Management and Business (STIE) Amkop Makassar Indonesia
| | - Windy Sahar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Nurul Wahida
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Risnawati Risnawati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Siti Nurbaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Tuti Asriani Asri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Nurul Fadly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Alauddin State Islamic University Makassar Indonesia
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12
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Polat H, Eren MC, Polat M. The effect of protein BSA on the stability of lipophilic drug (docetaxel)-loaded polymeric micelles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Scannell MJ, Hyatt MW, Budyak IL, Woldeyes MA, Wang Y. Revisit PEG-Induced Precipitation Assay for Protein Solubility Assessment of Monoclonal Antibody Formulations. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1947-1960. [PMID: 34647231 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Protein solubility is an important attribute of pharmaceutical monoclonal antibody (MAb) formulations, particularly at high MAb concentrations. PEG-induced protein precipitation has been routinely used to assess protein solubility. To provide insights for better understanding and implementation of PEG-induced protein precipitation assay, this work compares different solubility measures and examines their relevance to loss of protein solubility in concentrated formulations. METHODS Solubility of a MAb in 15 formulations was evaluated using PEG-induced precipitation assay. Three apparent protein solubility measures, the middle-point and onset PEG concentrations (cmid and conset) as well as the binding free energy (μB), were obtained from the PEG-induced protein precipitation assay and compared to the DLS protein interaction parameter (kD). Visual inspection of loss of protein solubility in concentrated formulations during storage was used to further examine the discrepancy of protein solubility ranking by these measures. RESULTS PEG-induced precipitation assay predicted overall protein solubility ranking similar to that by DLS kD. However, for three formulations with ionic excipients NaCl, Arg·Cl, and Arg·Glu·Cl, PEG-induced precipitation assay yielded more accurate predictions compared to DLS kD measurements. Furthermore, μB showed superior ability in distinguishing protein solubility for these formulations. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated good correlations between the protein solubility measures obtained from PEG-induced precipitation experiments and DLS kD measurement. It also provides one example in which protein solubility ranking by binding free energy is more accurate than the other measures. The results support the theoretical proposition that μB has a potential to serve as standard protein solubility measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha J Scannell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Matthew W Hyatt
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Bioproduct Research and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Ivan L Budyak
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Bioproduct Research and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Mahlet A Woldeyes
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Bioproduct Research and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA.
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14
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Hidayat AS, Horino H, Rzeznicka II. Smartphone-Enabled Quantification of Potassium in Blood Plasma. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21144751. [PMID: 34300494 PMCID: PMC8309773 DOI: 10.3390/s21144751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a new method for determining K+ concentration, [K+], in blood plasma using a smartphone with a custom-built optical attachment. The method is based on turbidity measurement of blood plasma solutions in the presence of sodium tetraphenylborate, a known potassium precipitating reagent. The images obtained by a smartphone camera are analyzed by a custom image-processing algorithm which enables the transformation of the image data from RGB to HSV color space and calculation of a mean value of the light-intensity component (V). Analysis of images of blood plasma containing different amounts of K+ reveal a correlation between V and [K+]. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by comparing the results with the results obtained using commercial ion-selective electrode device (ISE) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The accuracy of the method was within ± 0.18 mM and precision ± 0.27 mM in the [K+] range of 1.5–7.5 mM when using treated blood plasma calibration. Spike tests on a fresh blood plasma show good correlation of the data obtained by the smartphone method with ISE and AAS. The advantage of the method is low cost and integration with a smartphone which offers possibility to measure [K+] on demand and in remote areas where access to hospitals is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Syarif Hidayat
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, 3-7-5 Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Horino
- Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 982-8577, Japan;
| | - Izabela I. Rzeznicka
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, 3-7-5 Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Lenton S, Hervø-Hansen S, Popov AM, Tully MD, Lund M, Skepö M. Impact of Arginine-Phosphate Interactions on the Reentrant Condensation of Disordered Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1532-1544. [PMID: 33730849 PMCID: PMC8045028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Re-entrant condensation results in the formation of a condensed protein regime between two critical ion concentrations. The process is driven by neutralization and inversion of the protein charge by oppositely charged ions. Re-entrant condensation of cationic proteins by the polyvalent anions, pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate, has previously been observed, but not for citrate, which has similar charge and size compared to the polyphosphates. Therefore, besides electrostatic interactions, other specific interactions between the polyphosphate ions and proteins must contribute. Here, we show that additional attractive interactions between arginine and tripolyphosphate determine the re-entrant condensation and decondensation boundaries of the cationic, intrinsically disordered saliva protein, histatin 5. Furthermore, we show by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) that polyvalent anions cause compaction of histatin 5, as would be expected based solely on electrostatic interactions. Hence, we conclude that arginine-phosphate-specific interactions not only regulate solution properties but also influence the conformational ensemble of histatin 5, which is shown to vary with the number of arginine residues. Together, the results presented here provide further insight into an organizational mechanism that can be used to tune protein interactions in solution of both naturally occurring and synthetic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lenton
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Hervø-Hansen
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anton M Popov
- BM29 BIOSAXS, European Synchroton Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, Isère 38043, France
| | - Mark D Tully
- BM29 BIOSAXS, European Synchroton Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, Isère 38043, France
| | - Mikael Lund
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,LINXS-Lund Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevägen 19, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Skepö
- Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,LINXS-Lund Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevägen 19, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
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16
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Bruntha A, Radhipriya R, Palanisamy T, Dhathathreyan A. Elastic compliance and adsorption profiles of Bovine serum albumin at fluid/solid interface in the presence of electrolytes. Biophys Chem 2021; 269:106523. [PMID: 33341694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-trivial topology of proteins under shear suggests that even small structural changes in proteins result in dramatic variations in the mechanical properties and stability. In this study, we have analysed the elastic compliance of solvated bovine serum albumin (BSA) with NaCl,MgCl2, FeCl3 of concentration-ranging from 50 mM to 250 mM using Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The compliance shows a reverse Hofmeister trend (Na +
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bruntha
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - R Radhipriya
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Thanikaivelan Palanisamy
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - A Dhathathreyan
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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17
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Kusova AM, Sitnitsky AE, Zuev YF. Impact of intermolecular attraction and repulsion on molecular diffusion and virial coefficients of spheroidal and rod-shaped proteins. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Acharyya A, Mukherjee D, Gai F. Assessing the Effect of Hofmeister Anions on the Hydrogen-Bonding Strength of Water via Nitrile Stretching Frequency Shift. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11783-11792. [PMID: 33346656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of the peak frequency (νmax) of the C≡N stretching vibrational spectrum of a hydrogen-bonded C≡N species is known to be a qualitative measure of its hydrogen-bonding strength. Herein, we show that within a two-state framework, this dependence can be analyzed in a more quantitative manner to yield the enthalpy and entropy changes (ΔHHB and ΔSHB) for the corresponding hydrogen-bonding interactions. Using this method, we examine the effect of ten common anions on the strength of the hydrogen-bond(s) formed between water and the C≡N group of an unnatural amino acid, p-cyanophenylalanine (PheCN). We find that based on the ΔHHB values, these anions can be arranged in the following order: HPO42- > OAc- > F- > SO42- ≈ Cl- ≈ (H2O) ≈ ClO4- ≈ NO3- > Br- > SCN- ≈ I-, which differs from the corresponding Hofmeister series. Because PheCN has a relatively small size, the finding that anions having very different charge densities (e.g., SO42- and ClO4-) act similarly suggests that this ranking order is likely the result of specific ion effects. Since proteins contain different backbone and side-chain units, our results highlight the need to assess their individual contributions toward the overall Hofmeister effect in order to achieve a microscopic understanding of how ions affect the physical and chemical properties of such macromolecules. In addition, the analytical method described in the present study is applicable for analyzing the spectral evolution of any vibrational spectra composed of two highly overlapping bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arusha Acharyya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Debopreeti Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Feng Gai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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19
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Holloway L, Roche A, Marzouk S, Uddin S, Ke P, Ekizoglou S, Curtis R. Determination of Protein-Protein Interactions at High Co-Solvent Concentrations Using Static and Dynamic Light Scattering. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2699-2709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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Dąbkowska M, Łuczkowska K, Rogińska D, Sobuś A, Wasilewska M, Ulańczyk Z, Machaliński B. Novel design of (PEG-ylated)PAMAM-based nanoparticles for sustained delivery of BDNF to neurotoxin-injured differentiated neuroblastoma cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:120. [PMID: 32867843 PMCID: PMC7457365 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for the development and function of human neurons, therefore it is a promising target for neurodegenerative disorders treatment. Here, we studied BDNF-based electrostatic complex with dendrimer nanoparticles encapsulated in polyethylene glycol (PEG) in neurotoxin-treated, differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, a model of neurodegenerative mechanisms. PEG layer was adsorbed at dendrimer-protein core nanoparticles to decrease their cellular uptake and to reduce BDNF-other proteins interactions for a prolonged time. Cytotoxicity and confocal microscopy analysis revealed PEG-ylated BDNF-dendrimer nanoparticles can be used for continuous neurotrophic factor delivery to the neurotoxin-treated cells over 24 h without toxic effect. We offer a reliable electrostatic route for efficient encapsulation and controlled transport of fragile therapeutic proteins without any covalent cross-linker; this could be considered as a safe drug delivery system. Understanding the polyvalent BDNF interactions with dendrimer core nanoparticles offers new possibilities for design of well-ordered protein drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dąbkowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Sobuś
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Wasilewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Zofia Ulańczyk
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
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21
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Abedi E, Pourmohammadi K. Aggregation behaviors of sonicated tapioca starch with various strengths of Hofmeister salts under pre- and post-ultrasonic treatment. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Investigation of the reversibility of freeze/thaw stress-induced protein instability using heat cycling as a function of different cryoprotectants. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1309-1327. [PMID: 32198550 PMCID: PMC7261286 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Formulation conditions have a significant influence on the degree of freeze/thaw (FT) stress-induced protein instabilities. Adding cryoprotectants might stabilize the induced FT stress instabilities. However, a simple preservation of protein stability might be insufficient and further methods are necessary. This study aims to evaluate the addition of a heat cycle following FT application as a function of different cryoprotectants with lysozyme as exemplary protein. Sucrose and glycerol were shown to be the most effective cryoprotectants when compared to PEG200 and Tween20. In terms of heat-induced reversibility of aggregates, glycerol showed the best performance followed by sucrose, NaCl and Tween20 systems. The analysis was performed using a novel approach to visualize complex interplays by a clustering and data reduction scheme. In addition, solubility and structural integrity were measured and confirmed the obtained results.
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23
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Dąbkowska M, Rogińska D, Kłos P, Sobuś A, Adamczak M, Litwińska Z, Machalińska A, Machaliński B. Electrostatic complex of neurotrophin 4 with dendrimer nanoparticles: controlled release of protein in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6117-6131. [PMID: 31534337 PMCID: PMC6682179 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s210140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: NT4 has been regarded as a promising therapeutic protein for treatment of damaged retinal pigment epithelium cells. Purpose: Here, we studied physicochemical parameters of an NT4–polyamidoamine (PAMAM) electrostatic complex, which can provide a sustained concentration of protein in intraocular space over an extended period after delivery. Adsorption/desorption of NT4 molecules to/from positively charged PAMAM dendrimers were precisely determined to control the concentration of bounded/unbounded protein molecules, diffusion coefficient, and size of a protein-laden dendrimer structure. We determined kinetics of NT4 desorption in PBS, vitreous, and damaged retina. Methods: Initially, adsorption of NT4 molecules on PAMAM dendrimers was studied in PBS using dynamic light scattering, electrophoresis, solution depletion, ELISA, and atomic force microscopy. This allowed us precisely to determine desorption of NT4 from nanoparticles under in situ conditions. The maximum coverage of irreversibly adsorbed NT4 determined by ELISA allowed us to devise a robust procedure for preparing stable and well-controlled coverage of NT4 on PAMAM nanoparticles. Thereafter, we studied diffusion of nanospheres containing NT4 molecules by injecting them into vitreous cavities of mice exposed to intravenous injections of sodium iodate and evaluated their intraocular desorption kinetics from drug carriers in vivo. Results: Our measurements revealed NT4–dendrimer nanoparticles can be used for continuous neurotrophic factor delivery, enhancing its distribution into mouse vitreous, as well as damaged retina over 28 days of postinjury observation. Conclusion: Understanding of polyvalent neurotrophin interactions with dendrimer nanoparticles might be useful to obtain well-ordered protein layers, targeting future development of drug-delivery systems, especially for neuroprotection of damaged retinal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dąbkowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kłos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Anna Sobuś
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Adamczak
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Zofia Litwińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Anna Machalińska
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-204, Poland
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24
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Dahal YR, Schmit JD. Ion Specificity and Nonmonotonic Protein Solubility from Salt Entropy. Biophys J 2019; 114:76-87. [PMID: 29320698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of salt to protein solutions can either increase or decrease the protein solubility, and the magnitude of this effect depends on the salt used. We show that these effects can be captured using a theory that includes attractive and repulsive electrostatic interactions, nonelectrostatic protein-ion interactions, and ion-solvent interactions via an effective solvated ion radius. We find that the ion radius has significant effects on the translational entropy of the salt, which leads to salt specificity in the protein solubility. At low salt, the dominant effect comes from the entropic cost of confining ions within the aggregate, whereas at high concentrations, the salt drives a depletion attraction that favors aggregation. Our theory explains the reversal in the Hofmeister series observed in lysozyme cloud point measurements and semi-quantitatively describes the solubility of lysozyme and chymosin crystals. We present a comparison of the contributions to the free energy and give guidelines for when salting in or salting out should be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuba Raj Dahal
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Jeremy D Schmit
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.
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25
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Yu M, Silva TC, van Opstal A, Romeijn S, Every HA, Jiskoot W, Witkamp GJ, Ottens M. The Investigation of Protein Diffusion via H-Cell Microfluidics. Biophys J 2019; 116:595-609. [PMID: 30736981 PMCID: PMC6383004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed a microfluidics method, using a so-called H-cell microfluidics device, for the determination of protein diffusion coefficients at different concentrations, pHs, ionic strengths, and solvent viscosities. Protein transfer takes place in the H-cell channels between two laminarly flowing streams with each containing a different initial protein concentration. The protein diffusion coefficients are calculated based on the measured protein mass transfer, the channel dimensions, and the contact time between the two streams. The diffusion rates of lysozyme, cytochrome c, myoglobin, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin, and etanercept were investigated. The accuracy of the presented methodology was demonstrated by comparing the measured diffusion coefficients with literature values measured under similar solvent conditions using other techniques. At low pH and ionic strength, the measured lysozyme diffusion coefficient increased with the protein concentration gradient, suggesting stronger and more frequent intermolecular interactions. At comparable concentration gradients, the measured lysozyme diffusion coefficient decreased drastically as a function of increasing ionic strength (from zero onwards) and increasing medium viscosity. Additionally, a particle tracing numerical simulation was performed to achieve a better understanding of the macromolecular displacement in the H-cell microchannels. It was found that particle transfer between the two channels tends to speed up at low ionic strength and high concentration gradient. This confirms the corresponding experimental observation of protein diffusion measured via the H-cell microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Andries van Opstal
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Romeijn
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hayley A Every
- FeyeCon Development & Implementation, Weesp, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Witkamp
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
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26
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Abstract
The ability of polyvalent anions to influence protein-protein interactions and protein net charge was investigated through solubility and turbidity experiments, determination of osmotic second virial coefficients ( B22), and ζ-potential values for lysozyme solutions. B22 values showed that all anions reduce protein-protein repulsion between positively charged lysozyme molecules, and those anions with higher net valencies are more effective. The polyvalent anions pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate were observed to induce protein reentrant condensation, which has been previously observed with negatively charged proteins in the presence of trivalent cations. Reentrant condensation is a phenomenon in which low concentrations of polyvalent ions induce protein precipitation, but further increasing polyvalent ion concentration causes the protein precipitate to resolubilize. Interestingly, citrate does not induce lysozyme reentrant condensation despite having a similar charge, size, and shape to pyrophosphate. We observe qualitative differences in protein behavior when compared against negatively charged proteins in solutions of trivalent cations. The polyphosphate ions induce a much stronger protein-protein attraction, which correlates with the occurrence of a liquid-gel transition that replaces the liquid-liquid transition observed with trivalent cations. The results indicate that solutions of polyphosphate ions provide a model system for exploring the link between the protein-phase diagram and model interaction potentials and also highlight the importance that ion-specific effects can have on protein solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W Bye
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , The University of Manchester , Sackville Street , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
| | - Robin A Curtis
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , The University of Manchester , Sackville Street , Manchester M13 9PL , U.K
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27
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Sønderby P, Bukrinski JT, Hebditch M, Peters GHJ, Curtis RA, Harris P. Self-Interaction of Human Serum Albumin: A Formulation Perspective. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16105-16117. [PMID: 30556026 PMCID: PMC6288999 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and static light scattering (SLS) have been used to study the solution properties and self-interaction of recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) molecules in three pharmaceutically relevant buffer systems. Measurements are carried out up to high protein concentrations and as a function of ionic strength by adding sodium chloride to probe the role of electrostatic interactions. The effective structure factors (S eff) as a function of the scattering vector magnitude q have been extracted from the scattering profiles and fit to the solution of the Ornstein-Zernike equation using a screened Yukawa potential to describe the double-layer force. Although only a limited q range is used, accurate fits required including an electrostatic repulsion element in the model at low ionic strength, while only a hard sphere model with a tunable diameter is necessary for fitting to high-ionic-strength data. The fit values of net charge agree with available data from potentiometric titrations. Osmotic compressibility data obtained by extrapolating the SAXS profiles or directly from SLS measurements has been fit to a 10-term virial expansion for hard spheres and an equation of state for hard biaxial ellipsoids. We show that modeling rHSA as an ellipsoid, rather than a sphere, provides a much more accurate fit for the thermodynamic data over the entire concentration range. Osmotic virial coefficient data, derived at low protein concentration, can be used to parameterize the model for predicting the behavior up to concentrations as high as 450 g/L. The findings are especially important for the biopharmaceutical sector, which require approaches for predicting concentrated protein solution behavior using minimal sample consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Sønderby
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 207, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens T. Bukrinski
- Novozymes
Biopharma A/S, Krogshøjvej
36, Bagsværd, DK-2880 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Max Hebditch
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Günther H. J. Peters
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 207, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Robin A. Curtis
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- E-mail: (R.A.C.)
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Building 207, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- E-mail: (P.H.)
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28
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Wöll AK, Schütz J, Zabel J, Hubbuch J. Analysis of phase behavior and morphology during freeze-thaw applications of lysozyme. Int J Pharm 2018; 555:153-164. [PMID: 30458258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of protein behavior/stability during freeze/thaw (FT) operations is essential for storage and production processes in the biopharmaceutical industry. FT stress involves freeze concentration, cold denaturation, and ice crystals formation which can result in protein aggregation. Therefore, it is important to understand the ongoing FT processes, and the influence of different solution parameters. In order to evaluate the ongoing processes during FT (up to -80°C), phase diagrams with lysozyme from chicken egg white and sodium chloride were generated. Thereby, three different buffer systems with varying buffer substances and ionic strengths at pH 3 and pH 5 were investigated. As indicators for the ongoing FT processes, the phase behavior, crystal morphology and solubility were used. An increased number of cycles led, for example, to the formation of micro crystals, sea urchin crystals - indicating LLPS and/or high supersaturation - and precipitate. Furthermore, the buffer substances had a more distinct influence on the phase behavior and morphology compared to the ionic strength differences. The solubility line itself was only shifted when distinct changes in the phase behavior could be observed. In summary, a tool was developed for using the phase behavior and especially the crystal morphology as indicator for underlying processes during FT operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katharina Wöll
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Juliane Schütz
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jana Zabel
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
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29
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Fuentes D, Muñoz NM, Guo C, Polak U, Minhaj AA, Allen WJ, Gustin MC, Cressman ENK. A molecular dynamics approach towards evaluating osmotic and thermal stress in the extracellular environment. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 35:559-567. [PMID: 30303437 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1512161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A molecular dynamics approach to understanding fundamental mechanisms of combined thermal and osmotic stress induced by thermochemical ablation (TCA) is presented. METHODS Structural models of fibronectin and fibronectin bound to its integrin receptor provide idealized models for the effects of thermal and osmotic stress in the extracellular matrix. Fibronectin binding to integrin is known to facilitate cell survival. The extracellular environment produced by TCA at the lesion boundary was modelled at 37 °C and 43 °C with added sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations (0, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mM). Atomistic simulations of solvated proteins were performed using the GROMOS96 force field and TIP3P water model. Computational results were compared with the results of viability studies of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines HepG2 and Hep3B under matching thermal and osmotic experimental conditions. RESULTS Cell viability was inversely correlated with hyperthermal and hyperosmotic stresses. Added NaCl concentrations were correlated with a root mean square fluctuation increase of the fibronectin arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) binding domain. Computed interaction coefficients demonstrate preferential hydration of the protein model and are correlated with salt-induced strengthening of hydrophobic interactions. Under the combined hyperthermal and hyperosmotic stress conditions (43 °C and 320 mM added NaCl), the free energy change required for fibronectin binding to integrin was less favorable than that for binding under control conditions (37 °C and 0 mM added NaCl). CONCLUSION Results quantify multiple measures of structural changes as a function of temperature increase and addition of NaCl to the solution. Correlations between cell viability and stability measures suggest that protein aggregates, non-functional proteins, and less favorable cell attachment conditions have a role in TCA-induced cell stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fuentes
- a Department of Imaging Physics , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Nina M Muñoz
- b Department of Interventional Radiology , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston , TX , USA
| | - Chunxiao Guo
- b Department of Interventional Radiology , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston , TX , USA
| | - Urzsula Polak
- b Department of Interventional Radiology , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston , TX , USA
| | - Adeeb A Minhaj
- b Department of Interventional Radiology , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston , TX , USA
| | - William J Allen
- c Texas Advanced Computing Center , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Michael C Gustin
- d Department of Biosciences , Rice University , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Erik N K Cressman
- b Department of Interventional Radiology , M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston , TX , USA
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30
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Silva OSD, Alves RO, Porto TS. PEG-sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems to in situ recovery of protease from Aspergillus tamarii URM4634 by extractive fermentation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Liu F, Lössl P, Rabbitts BM, Balaban RS, Heck AJR. The interactome of intact mitochondria by cross-linking mass spectrometry provides evidence for coexisting respiratory supercomplexes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:216-232. [PMID: 29222160 PMCID: PMC5795388 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria exert an immense amount of cytophysiological functions, but the structural basis of most of these processes is still poorly understood. Here we use cross-linking mass spectrometry to probe the organization of proteins in native mouse heart mitochondria. Our approach provides the largest survey of mitochondrial protein interactions reported so far. In total, we identify 3,322 unique residue-to-residue contacts involving half of the mitochondrial proteome detected by bottom-up proteomics. The obtained mitochondrial protein interactome gives insights in the architecture and submitochondrial localization of defined protein assemblies, and reveals the mitochondrial localization of four proteins not yet included in the MitoCarta database. As one of the highlights, we show that the oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V exist in close spatial proximity, providing direct evidence for supercomplex assembly in intact mitochondria. The specificity of these contacts is demonstrated by comparative analysis of mitochondria after high salt treatment, which disrupts the native supercomplexes and substantially changes the mitochondrial interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- From the ‡Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics. Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- §Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- ¶Leibniz Institute of Molecular Pharmacology (FMP Berlin), Robert-Rössle-Straβe 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Lössl
- From the ‡Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics. Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- §Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Beverley M Rabbitts
- ‖Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert S Balaban
- ‖Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Albert J R Heck
- From the ‡Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics. Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- §Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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32
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Dąbkowska M, Adamczak M, Barbasz J, Cieśla M, Machaliński B. Adsorption/Desorption Transition of Recombinant Human Neurotrophin 4: Physicochemical Characterization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:9548-9557. [PMID: 28825842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bulk physicochemical properties of neurotrophin 4 (NT-4) in electrolyte solutions and its adsorption/desorption on/from mica surfaces have been studied using dynamic light scattering (DLS), microelectrophoresis, a solution depletion technique (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA), and AFM imaging. Our study presents a determination of the diffusion coefficient, hydrodynamic diameters, electrophoretic mobility, and isoelectric point of the NT-4 under various ionic strength and pH conditions. The size of the NT-4 homodimer for an ionic strength of 0.015 M was substantially independent of pH and equal to 5.1 nm. It has been found that the number of electrokinetic charges per NT-4 molecule was equal to zero for all studied ionic strengths at pH 8.1, which was identified as the isoelectric point (iep). The protein adsorption/desorption on/from mica surfaces was examined as a function of ionic strength and pH. The kinetics of neurotrophin adsorption/desorption were evaluated at pH 3.5, 7.4, and 11 by direct AFM imaging and the ELISA technique. A monotonic increase in the maximum coverage of adsorbed NT-4 molecules with ionic strength (up to 5.5 mg/m2) was observed at pH 3.5. These results were interpreted in terms of the theoretical model postulating an irreversible adsorption of the protein governed by the random sequential adsorption (RSA). Our measurements revealed a significant role of ionic strength, pH, and electrolyte composition in the lateral electrostatic interactions among differently charged NT-4 molecules. The transition between adsorption/desorption processes is found for the region of high pH and low surface concentration of adsorbed neurotrophin molecules at constant ionic strength. Additionally, results presented in this work show that the adsorption behavior of neurotrophin molecules may be governed by intrasolvent electrostatic interactions yielding an aggregation process. Understanding polyvalent neurotrophin interactions may have an impact on the reversibility/irreversibility of adsorption, and hence they might be useful for obtaining well-ordered protein layers, targeting the future development of drug delivery systems for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Adamczak
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1068, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jakub Barbasz
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Cieśla
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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33
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Kalyuzhnyi YV, Vlachy V. Explicit-water theory for the salt-specific effects and Hofmeister series in protein solutions. J Chem Phys 2017; 144:215101. [PMID: 27276970 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of addition of salts on stability of aqueous protein solutions are studied theoretically and the results are compared with experimental data. In our approach, all the interacting species, proteins, ions, and water molecules, are accounted for explicitly. Water molecules are modeled as hard spheres with four off-center attractive square-well sites. These sites serve to bind either another water or to solvate the ions or protein charges. The ions are represented as charged hard spheres, and decorated by attractive sites to allow solvation. Spherical proteins simultaneously possess positive and negative groups, represented by charged hard spheres, attached to the surface of the protein. The attractive square-well sites, mimicking the protein-protein van der Waals interaction, are located on the surface of the protein. To obtain numerical results, we utilized the energy route of Wertheim's associative mean spherical approximation. From measurable properties, we choose to calculate the second virial coefficient B2, which is closely related to the tendency of proteins to aggregate and eventually crystalize. Calculations are in agreement with experimental trends: (i) For low concentration of added salt, the alkali halide salts follow the inverse Hofmeister series. (ii) At higher concentration of added salt, the trend is reversed. (iii) When cations are varied, the salts follow the direct Hofmeister series. (iv) In contrast to the colloidal theories, our approach correctly predicts the non-monotonic behavior of B2 upon addition of salts. (v) With respect to anions, the theory predicts for the B2 values to follow different sequences below and above the iso-ionic point, as also confirmed experimentally. (vi) A semi-quantitative agreement between measured and calculated values for the second virial coefficient, as functions of pH of solution and added salt type and concentration, is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy V Kalyuzhnyi
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, NASU, Svientsitskoho 1, 79011 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vojko Vlachy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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34
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Impact of additives on the formation of protein aggregates and viscosity in concentrated protein solutions. Int J Pharm 2016; 516:82-90. [PMID: 27836754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In concentrated protein solutions attractive protein interactions may not only cause the formation of undesired aggregates but also of gel-like networks with elevated viscosity. To guarantee stable biopharmaceutical processes and safe formulations, both phenomenons have to be avoided as these may hinder regular processing steps. This work screens the impact of additives on both phase behavior and viscosity of concentrated protein solutions. For this purpose, additives known for stabilizing proteins in solution or modulating the dynamic viscosity were selected. These additives were PEG 300, PEG 1000, glycerol, glycine, NaCl and ArgHCl. Concentrated lysozyme and glucose oxidase solutions at pH 3 and 9 served as model systems. Fourier-transformed-infrared spectroscopy was chosen to determine the conformational stability of selected protein samples. Influencing protein interactions, the impact of additives was strongly dependent on pH. Of all additives investigated, glycine was the only one that maintained protein conformational and colloidal stability while decreasing the dynamic viscosity. Low concentrations of NaCl showed the same effect, but increasing concentrations resulted in visible protein aggregation.
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35
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Bye JW, Baxter NJ, Hounslow AM, Falconer R, Williamson MP. Molecular Mechanism for the Hofmeister Effect Derived from NMR and DSC Measurements on Barnase. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:669-679. [PMID: 31457155 PMCID: PMC6640789 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sodium thiocyanate, sodium chloride, and sodium sulfate on the ribonuclease barnase were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and NMR. Both measurements reveal specific and saturable binding at low anion concentrations (up to 250 mM), which produces localized conformational and energetic effects that are unrelated to the Hofmeister series. The binding of sulfate slows intramolecular motions, as revealed by peak broadening in 13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy. None of the anions shows significant binding to hydrophobic groups. Above 250 mM, the DSC results are consistent with the expected Hofmeister effects in that the chaotropic anion thiocyanate destabilizes barnase. In this higher concentration range, the anions have approximately linear effects on protein NMR chemical shifts, with no evidence for direct interaction of the anions with the protein surface. We conclude that the effects of the anions on barnase are mediated by solvent interactions. The results are not consistent with the predictions of the preferential interaction, preferential hydration, and excluded volume models commonly used to describe Hofmeister effects. Instead, they suggest that the Hofmeister anion effects on both stability and solubility of barnase are due to the way in which the protein interacts with water molecules, and in particular with water dipoles, which are more ordered around sulfate anions and less ordered around thiocyanate anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W. Bye
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Nicola J. Baxter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Krebs Institute
for Biomolecular Research, University of
Sheffield, Firth Court,
Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Andrea M. Hounslow
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Krebs Institute
for Biomolecular Research, University of
Sheffield, Firth Court,
Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
| | - Robert
J. Falconer
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Mike P. Williamson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Krebs Institute
for Biomolecular Research, University of
Sheffield, Firth Court,
Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
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36
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Blanco MA, Shen VK. Effect of the surface charge distribution on the fluid phase behavior of charged colloids and proteins. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:155102. [PMID: 27782465 PMCID: PMC5158025 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A generic but simple model is presented to evaluate the effect of the heterogeneous surface charge distribution of proteins and zwitterionic nanoparticles on their thermodynamic phase behavior. By considering surface charges as continuous "patches," the rich set of surface patterns that is embedded in proteins and charged patchy particles can readily be described. This model is used to study the fluid phase separation of charged particles where the screening length is of the same order of magnitude as the particle size. In particular, two types of charged particles are studied: dipolar fluids and protein-like fluids. The former represents the simplest case of zwitterionic particles, whose charge distribution can be described by their dipole moment. The latter system corresponds to molecules/particles with complex surface charge arrangements such as those found in biomolecules. The results for both systems suggest a relation between the critical region, the strength of the interparticle interactions, and the arrangement of charged patches, where the critical temperature is strongly correlated to the magnitude of the dipole moment. Additionally, competition between attractive and repulsive charge-charge interactions seems to be related to the formation of fluctuating clusters in the dilute phase of dipolar fluids, as well as to the broadening of the binodal curve in protein-like fluids. Finally, a variety of self-assembled architectures are detected for dipolar fluids upon small changes to the charge distribution, providing the groundwork for studying the self-assembly of charged patchy particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Blanco
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Vincent K. Shen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
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37
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Dai P, Zhang C, Welborn M, Shepherd J, Zhu T, Van Voorhis T, Pentelute BL. Salt Effect Accelerates Site-Selective Cysteine Bioconjugation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:637-646. [PMID: 27725962 PMCID: PMC5043432 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient and selective chemical reactions are desired. For small molecule chemistry, the reaction rate can be varied by changing the concentration, temperature, and solvent used. In contrast for large biomolecules, the reaction rate is difficult to modify by adjusting these variables because stringent biocompatible reaction conditions are required. Here we show that adding salts can change the rate constant over 4 orders of magnitude for an arylation bioconjugation reaction between a cysteine residue within a four-residue sequence (π-clamp) and a perfluoroaryl electrophile. Biocompatible ammonium sulfate significantly enhances the reaction rate without influencing the site-specificity of π-clamp mediated arylation, enabling the fast synthesis of two site-specific antibody-drug conjugates that selectively kill HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Computational and structure-reactivity studies indicate that salts may tune the reaction rate through modulating the interactions between the π-clamp hydrophobic side chains and the electrophile. On the basis of this understanding, the salt effect is extended to other bioconjugation chemistry, and a new regioselective alkylation reaction at π-clamp cysteine is developed.
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38
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Yano YF, Kobayashi Y, Ina T, Nitta K, Uruga T. Hofmeister Anion Effects on Protein Adsorption at an Air-Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9892-9898. [PMID: 27575543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hofmeister anion effects on adsorption kinetics of the positively charged lysozyme (pH < pI) at an air-water interface were studied by surface tension measurements and time-resolved X-ray reflectometry. In the salt-free solution, the protein adsorption rate increases with decreasing the net positive charge of lysozyme. When salt ions are dissolved in water, the protein adsorption rate drastically increases, and the rate is following an inverse Hoffmeister series (Br(-) > Cl(-) > F(-)). This is the result of the strongly polarized halide anion Br(-) being attracted to the adsorbed protein layer due to strong interaction with local electric field, while weakly polarized anion F(-) having no ability to penetrate the protein layer. In X-ray reflection studies, we observed that the lysozyme molecules initially adsorbed on the air-water interface have a flat unfolded structure as previously reported in the salt-free solution. In contrast, in the concentrated salt solutions, the lysozyme molecules begin to refold during adsorption. This protein refolding as a result of protein-protein rearrangements may be a precursor phenomenon of crystallization. The refolding is most significant for Cl(-), which is a good crystallization agent, whereas it is less observed for the strongly hydrated F(-). It is widely known in the bulk state that kosmotropic anions tend to precipitate proteins but at the same time stabilize proteins against denaturing. On the other hand, at the air-water interface where adsorbed proteins usually unfold, we observed chaotropic anions strongly bound to proteins that reduce electrostatic repulsion between protein molecules, and subsequently they induce protein refolding whereas the kosmotropic anions do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohko F Yano
- Department of Physics, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka City, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, Kindai University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka City, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ina
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cyo, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Nitta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cyo, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tomoya Uruga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cyo, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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39
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Mehta SB, Carpenter JF, Randolph TW. Colloidal Instability Fosters Agglomeration of Subvisible Particles Created by Rupture of Gels of a Monoclonal Antibody Formed at Silicone Oil-Water Interfaces. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2338-48. [PMID: 27422087 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of ionic strength (1.25-231 mM) on viscoelastic interfacial gels formed by a monoclonal antibody at silicone oil-water interfaces, and the formation of subvisible particles due to rupture of these gels. Rates of gel formation and their elastic moduli did not vary significantly with ionic strength. Likewise, during gel rupture no significant effects of ionic strength were observed on particle formation and aggregation as detected by microflow imaging, resonance mass measurement, and size exclusion chromatography. Subvisible particles formed by mechanical rupturing of the gels agglomerated over time, even during quiescent incubation, due to the colloidal instability of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam B Mehta
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - John F Carpenter
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309.
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40
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Bauer KC, Göbel M, Schwab ML, Schermeyer MT, Hubbuch J. Concentration-dependent changes in apparent diffusion coefficients as indicator for colloidal stability of protein solutions. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:276-287. [PMID: 27421911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The colloidal stability of a protein solution during downstream processing, formulation, and storage is a key issue for the biopharmaceutical production process. Thus, knowledge about colloidal solution characteristics, such as the tendency to form aggregates or high viscosity, at various processing conditions is of interest. This work correlates changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient as a parameter of protein interactions with observed protein aggregation and dynamic viscosity of the respective protein samples. For this purpose, the diffusion coefficient, the protein phase behavior, and the dynamic viscosity in various systems containing the model proteins α-lactalbumin, lysozyme, and glucose oxidase were studied. Each of these experiments revealed a wide range of variations in protein interactions depending on protein type, protein concentration, pH, and the NaCl concentration. All these variations showed to be mirrored by changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient in the respective samples. Whereas stable samples with relatively low viscosity showed an almost linear dependence, the deviation from the concentration-dependent linearity indicated both an increase in the sample viscosity and probability of protein aggregation. This deviation of the apparent diffusion coefficient from concentration-dependent linearity was independent of protein type and solution properties for this study. Thus, this single parameter shows the potential to act as a prognostic tool for colloidal stability of protein solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Christin Bauer
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mathias Göbel
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Schwab
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Schermeyer
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
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41
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Baumgartner K, Großhans S, Schütz J, Suhm S, Hubbuch J. Prediction of salt effects on protein phase behavior by HIC retention and thermal stability. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:216-225. [PMID: 27268946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the biopharmaceutical industry it is mandatory to know and ensure the correct protein phase state as a critical quality attribute in every process step. Unwanted protein precipitation or crystallization can lead to column, pipe or filter blocking. In formulation, the formation of aggregates can even be lethal when injected into the patient. The typical methodology to illustrate protein phase states is the generation of protein phase diagrams. Commonly, protein phase behavior is shown in dependence of protein and precipitant concentration. Despite using high-throughput methods for the generation of phase diagrams, the time necessary to reach equilibrium is the bottleneck. Faster methods to predict protein phase behavior are desirable. In this study, hydrophobic interaction chromatography retention times were correlated to crystal size and form. High-throughput thermal stability measurements (melting and aggregation temperatures), using an Optim(®)2 system, were successfully correlated to glucose isomerase stability. By using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and thermal stability determinations, glucose isomerase conformational and colloidal stability were successfully predicted for different salts in a specific pH range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Baumgartner
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen Großhans
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Juliane Schütz
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Susanna Suhm
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
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42
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Ou G, He B, Halling P. Ionization basis for activation of enzymes soluble in ionic liquids. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1404-8. [PMID: 27060372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex interactions between electrolytes and proteins have been studied for more than a century. However, understanding is not yet complete and does not provide a basis for predicting the activity of enzymes in ionic media. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as reaction medium has opened up new opportunities for better understanding of the mechanism of enzymatic catalysis. Although a number of properties of ILs have been correlated with enzyme function, these relationships are not completely understood at a molecular level. METHODS We propose that ILs must be able to promote ionization of protein ionizable groups in order to dissolve active enzymes. The biocompatible IL need to possess a functional group with large donor number and acceptor number in both cationic and anionic units, each of which is based on a high dielectric constant lead structure. We designed and synthesized two series of ILs and determined their ionizing-dissociating abilities and activities of lipases soluble in these new ILs. RESULTS The results showed that the ionizing-dissociating abilities of ILs paralleled the catalytic activity trend of lipases dissolved in the ILs. The activities of lipases soluble in the newly designed ILs were comparable to those in water. CONCLUSIONS We can conclude that ionizing-dissociating abilities of an IL can be used as a basis for predicting the activity of enzymes soluble in the IL. General significance Ionization basis for activation of enzymes gives a deeper understanding of the behavior of enzymes in non-aqueous media at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangnan Ou
- School of Bioengineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China; WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK
| | - Biyan He
- School of Bioengineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Peter Halling
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK
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43
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Swanson JP, Martinez MR, Cruz MA, Mankoci SG, Costanzo PJ, Joy A. A coacervate-forming biodegradable polyester with elevated LCST based on bis-(2-methoxyethyl)amine. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00814c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This work details a thermoresponsive, biodegradable coacervate-forming polyester, which exhibits tunable Tcp under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. P. Swanson
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - M. R. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- California Polytechnic State University
- San Luis Obispo
- USA
| | - M. A. Cruz
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - S. G. Mankoci
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
| | - P. J. Costanzo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- California Polytechnic State University
- San Luis Obispo
- USA
| | - A. Joy
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
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44
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Schermeyer MT, Sigloch H, Bauer KC, Oelschlaeger C, Hubbuch J. Squeeze flow rheometry as a novel tool for the characterization of highly concentrated protein solutions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:576-87. [PMID: 26375304 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aims at defining rheological parameters for the characterization of highly concentrated protein solutions. As a basis for comparing rheological behavior with protein solution characteristics the protein phase behavior of Lysozyme from chicken egg white with concentrations up to 225 mg/mL, changing pH values and additive concentrations was studied in a microbatch scale format. The prepared phase diagrams, scored after 40 days (t40) give insights into the kind and kinetics of the phase transitions that occur. Oscillatory frequency sweep measurements of samples with exactly the same conditions were conducted immediately after preparation (t0). The protein solutions behave viscoelastic and show a characteristic curve shape of the storage modulus (G') and the loss modulus (G″). The graphs provide information about the cross-linking degree of the respective sample. The measured rheological parameters were sensitive concerning solution composition, protein concentration and solution inner structure. The rheological moduli G' and G″ and especially the ratio of these parameters over a frequency range from 100 to 40000 rad/sec give information about the aggregation tendency of the protein under tested conditions. We succeeded to correlate protein phase behavior with the defined rheological key parameter ωCO. This point represents the frequency value of the intersection point from G' and G″. In our study Lysozyme expressed a ωCO threshold value of 20000 rad/sec as a lower limit for stable protein solutions. The predictability of lysozyme aggregation tendency and crystallization by means of squeeze flow rheometry is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Schermeyer
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Heike Sigloch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katharina C Bauer
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claude Oelschlaeger
- Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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45
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Scherer TM. Role of Cosolute–Protein Interactions in the Dissociation of Monoclonal Antibody Clusters. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13027-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Scherer
- Genentech (a Member of the Roche Group), Late Stage Pharmaceutical Development, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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46
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Du X, Seeman D, Dubin PL, Hoagland DA. Nonfreezing Water Structuration in Heteroprotein Coacervates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:8661-8666. [PMID: 26181078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface-bound water in protein solutions has been identified with a reduction in its freezing point. We studied the presence of such nonfreezing water (NFW) in various protein-polyelectrolyte, micelle-polyelectrolyte, and protein-protein (heteroprotein) coacervates, along with appropriate concentrated solutions of macromolecules alone, finding up to 15% w/w NFW for the heteroprotein coacervate of lactoferrin (LF) and β-lactoglobulin (BLG). The level of NFW is always higher in coacervates than in the control (single macromolecule) systems, particularly for protein-containing coacervates: a coacervate of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) showed a ratio of NFW/protein twice that of BSA alone (0.6 vs 0.3), with a similarly high ratio for LF-BLG coacervate. These results are attributed to the maximization of water-protein contacts, structural features that reflect the mode of sample assembly, as they are not seen in a noncoacervated LF-BLG solution with identical concentrations of all species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Du
- †Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Daniel Seeman
- †Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Paul L Dubin
- †Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - David A Hoagland
- †Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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47
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Platten F, Valadez-Pérez NE, Castañeda-Priego R, Egelhaaf SU. Extended law of corresponding states for protein solutions. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:174905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4919127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Platten
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan U. Egelhaaf
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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48
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Rakel N, Bauer KC, Galm L, Hubbuch J. From osmotic second virial coefficient (B22 ) to phase behavior of a monoclonal antibody. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:438-51. [PMID: 25683855 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies are complex macromolecules and their phase behavior as well as interactions within different solvents and precipitants are still not understood. To shed some light into the processes on a molecular dimension, the occurring self-interactions between antibody molecules were analyzed by means of the osmotic second virial coefficient (B22 ). The determined B22 follows qualitatively the phenomenological Hofmeister series describing the aggregation probability of antibodies for the various solvent compositions. However, a direct correlation between crystallization probability and B22 in form of a crystallization slot does not seem to be feasible for antibodies since the phase behavior is strongly dependent on their anisotropy. Kinetic parameters have to be taken into account due to the molecular size and complexity of the molecules. This is confirmed by a comparison of experimental data with a theoretical phase diagram. On the other hand the solubility is thermodynamically driven and therefore the B22 could be used to establish a universal solubility line for the monoclonal antibody mAb04c and different solvent compositions by using thermodynamic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Rakel
- Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Inst. of Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 1, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany; Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
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49
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Adžić N, Podgornik R. Charge regulation in ionic solutions: thermal fluctuations and Kirkwood-Schumaker interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:022715. [PMID: 25768539 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.022715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We study the behavior of two macroions with dissociable charge groups, regulated by local variables such as pH and electrostatic potential, immersed in a monovalent salt solution, considering cases where the net charge can either change sign or remain of the same sign depending on these local parameters. The charge regulation in both cases is described by the proper free-energy function for each of the macroions, while the coupling between the charges is evaluated on the approximate Debye-Hückel level. The charge correlation functions and the ensuing charge fluctuation forces are calculated analytically and numerically. Strong attraction between like-charged macroions is found close to the point of zero charge, specifically due to asymmetric, anticorrelated charge fluctuations of the macroion charges. The general theory is then implemented for a system of two proteinlike macroions, generalizing the form and magnitude of the Kirkwood-Schumaker interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Adžić
- Department of Theoretical Physics, J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rudolf Podgornik
- Department of Theoretical Physics, J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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50
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Shen H, Cheng W, Zhang FS. Structural conservation of the short α-helix in modified higher and lower polarity water solutions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Which conformation is preferred when the polarity of water molecules is scaled byEP=ELJ+S2EC?
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of the Ministry of Education
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Wei Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of the Ministry of Education
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Feng-Shou Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of the Ministry of Education
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
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