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Qiu YY, Xia J, Guo J, Gong X, Zhang L, Jiang F. Groundwater chromate removal by autotrophic sulfur disproportionation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100399. [PMID: 38469364 PMCID: PMC10926293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Chromate [Cr(VI)] contamination in groundwater is a global environmental challenge. Traditional elemental sulfur-based biotechnologies for Cr(VI) removal depend heavily on the synthesis of dissolved organic carbon to fuel heterotrophic Cr(VI) reduction, a bottleneck in the remediation process. Here we show an alternative approach by leveraging sulfur-disproportionating bacteria (SDB) inherent to groundwater ecosystems, offering a novel and efficient Cr(VI) removal strategy. We implemented SDB within a sulfur-packed bed reactor for treating Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater, achieving a notable removal rate of 6.19 mg L-1 h-1 under oligotrophic conditions. We identified the chemical reduction of Cr(VI) via sulfide, produced through sulfur disproportionation, as a key mechanism, alongside microbial Cr(VI) reduction within the sulfur-based biosystem. Genome-centric metagenomic analysis revealed a symbiotic relationship among SDB, sulfur-oxidizing, and chromate-reducing bacteria within the reactor, suggesting that Cr(VI) detoxification by these microbial communities enhances the sulfur-disproportionation process. This research highlights the significance of sulfur disproportionation in the cryptic sulfur cycle in Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater and proposes its practical application in groundwater remediation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ying Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Juntao Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xianzhe Gong
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial International Joint Research Center on Urban Water Management and Treatment, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Johnston KAKY, van Lankveld M, de Rink R, Mol AR, Keesman KJ, Buisman CJN. Influence of oxidation-reduction potential and pH on polysulfide concentrations and chain lengths in the biological desulfurization process under haloalkaline conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 259:121795. [PMID: 38889663 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Biological desulfurization under haloalkaline conditions has been applied worldwide to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from sour gas steams. The process relies on sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to oxidize H2S to elemental sulfur (S8), which can then be recovered and reused. Recently, a dual-reactor biological desulfurization system was implemented where an anaerobic (sulfidic) bioreactor was incorporated as an addition to a micro-oxic bioreactor, allowing for higher S8 selectivity by limiting by-product formation. The highly sulfidic bioreactor environment enabled the SOB to remove (poly)sulfides (Sx2-) in the absence of oxygen, with Sx2- speculated as a main substrate in the removal pathway, thus making it vital to understand its role in the process. The SOB are influenced by the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) set-point of the micro-oxic bioreactor as it is used to control the product of oxidation (S8 vs. SO42-), while the uptake of Sx2- by SOB has been qualitatively linked to pH. Therefore, to quantify these effects, this work determined the concentration and speciation of Sx2- in the biological desulfurization process under various pH values and ORP set-points. The total Sx2- concentrations in the sulfidic zone increased at elevated pH (8.9) compared to low pH (< 8.0), with on average 3.3 ± 1.0 mM-S more Sx2-. Chain lengths varied, with S72- only doubling in concentration while S52- increased 9 fold, which is in contrast with observations from abiotic systems. Changes to the ORP set-point of the micro-oxic reactor did not produce substantial changes in Sx2- concentration in the sulfidic zone. This illustrates that the reduction degree of the SOB in the micro-oxic bioreactor does not enhance their ability to interact with Sx2- in the sulfidic bioreactor. This increased understanding of how both pH and ORP affect changes in Sx2- concentration and chain length can lead to improved efficiency and design of the dual-reactor biological desulfurization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kestral A K Y Johnston
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9 8911 CE Leeuwarden, Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Mark van Lankveld
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301 3542 CE Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rieks de Rink
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301 3542 CE Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Annemerel R Mol
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Karel J Keesman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9 8911 CE Leeuwarden, Netherlands; Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9 8911 CE Leeuwarden, Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands
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3
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Lin S, Tang W, Xiao Y, Zan F, Liu X, Chen G, Hao T. Sulfur bacteria-reinforced microbial electrochemical denitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130121. [PMID: 38029802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Two limiting factors of microbial electrochemical denitrification (MED) are the abundance and efficiency of the functional microorganisms. To supply these microorganisms, MED systems are inoculated with denitrifying sludge, but such method has much room for improvement. This study compared MED inoculated with autotrophic denitrifying inoculum (ADI) versus with heterotrophic denitrifying inoculum (HDI). ADI exhibited electroactivity for 50% less of timethan HDI. The denitrification efficiency of the ADI biocathode was42% higherthan that of the HDI biocathode. The HDI biocathode had high levels of polysaccharides while the ADI biocathode was rich in proteins, suggesting that two biocathodes may achieveMED but via differentpathways. Microbial communities of two biocathodes indicated MED of HDI biocathode may rely on interspecies electron transfer, whereas sulfur bacteria of ADI biocathode take electrons directly from the cathode to achieve MED. Utilizing autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing denitrifiers, this study offers a strategy for enhancing MED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Wentao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment, MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School of Materials and Environment Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau.
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Gupta S, de Rink R, Klok JBM, Muyzer G, Plugge CM. Process conditions affect microbial diversity and activity in a haloalkaline biodesulfurization system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0186423. [PMID: 38078763 PMCID: PMC10807427 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01864-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Biodesulfurization (BD) systems that treat sour gas employ mixtures of haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria to convert sulfide to elemental sulfur. In the past years, these systems have seen major technical innovations that have led to changes in microbial community composition. Different studies have identified and discussed the microbial communities in both traditional and improved systems. However, these studies do not identify metabolically active community members and merely focus on members' presence/absence. Therefore, their results cannot confirm the activity and role of certain bacteria in the BD system. To investigate the active community members, we determined the microbial communities of six different runs of a pilot-scale BD system. 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing was performed using both DNA and RNA. A comparison of the DNA- and RNA-based sequencing results identified the active microbes in the BD system. Statistical analyses indicated that not all the existing microbes were actively involved in the system and that microbial communities continuously evolved during the operation. At the end of the run, strains affiliated with Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii and Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus were confirmed as the most active key bacteria in the BD system. This study determined that microbial communities were shaped predominantly by the combination of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sulfide concentration in the anoxic reactor and, to a lesser extent, by other operational parameters.IMPORTANCEHaloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are integral to biodesulfurization (BD) systems and are responsible for converting sulfide to sulfur. To understand the cause of conversions occurring in the BD systems, knowing which bacteria are present and active in the systems is essential. So far, only a few studies have investigated the BD system's microbial composition, but none have identified the active microbial community. Here, we reveal the metabolically active community, their succession, and their influence on product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Gupta
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rieks de Rink
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Paqell B.V., Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. M. Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Muyzer
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline M. Plugge
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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5
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Fu K, Kang J, Zhao J, Bian Y, Li X, Yang W, Li Z. Efficient nitrite accumulation in partial sulfide autotrophic denitrification (PSAD) system: insights of S/N ratio, pH and temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-18. [PMID: 38118135 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2293678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
To provide the necessary nitrite for the Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) process, the effect of nitrite accumulation in the partial sulfide autotrophic denitrification (PSAD) process was investigated using an SBR reactor. The results revealed that the effectiveness of nitrate removal was unsatisfactory when the S/N ratio (mol/mol) fell below 0.6. The optimal conditions for nitrate removal and nitrite accumulation were achieved within the S/N ratio range of 0.7-0.8, resulting in an average Nitrate Removal Efficiency (NRE) of 95.84%±4.89% and a Nitrite Accumulation Rate (NAR) of 75.31%±6.61%, respectively. It was observed that the nitrate reduction rate was three times faster than that of nitrite reduction during a typical cycle test. Furthermore, batch tests were conducted to assess the influence of pH and temperature conditions. In the pH tests, it became evident that the PSAD process performed more effectively in alkaline environment. The highest levels of nitrate removal and nitrite accumulation were achieved at an initial pH of 8.5, resulting in a NRE of 98.30%±1.93% and a NAR of 85.83%±0.47%, respectively. In the temperature tests, the most favourable outcomes for nitrate removal and nitrite accumulation were observed at 22±1 ℃, with a NRE of 100.00% and a NAR of 81.03%±1.64%, respectively. Moreover, a comparative analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing results between the raw sludge and the sulfide-enriched culture sludge sample showed that Proteobacteria (49.51%) remained the dominant phylum, with Thiobacillus (24.72%), Prosthecobacter (2.55%), Brevundimonas (2.31%) and Ignavibacterium (2.04%) emerging as the dominant genera, assuming the good nitrogen performance of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Kang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Bian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zirui Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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6
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Johnston KKY, van Lankveld M, de Rink R, Roman P, Klok JBM, Mol AR, Keesman KJ, Buisman CJN. Polysulfide Concentration and Chain Length in the Biological Desulfurization Process: Effect of Biomass Concentration and the Sulfide Loading Rate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13530-13540. [PMID: 37639370 PMCID: PMC10501124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can be achieved using the sustainable biological desulfurization process, where H2S is converted to elemental sulfur using sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB). A dual-bioreactor process was recently developed where an anaerobic (sulfidic) bioreactor was used between the absorber column and micro-oxic bioreactor. In the absorber column and sulfidic bioreactor, polysulfides (Sx2-) are formed due to the chemical equilibrium between H2S and sulfur (S8). Sx2- is thought to be the intermediate for SOB to produce sulfur via H2S oxidation. In this study, we quantify Sx2-, determine their chain-length distribution under high H2S loading rates, and elucidate the relationship between biomass and the observed biological removal of sulfides under anaerobic conditions. A linear relationship was observed between Sx2- concentration and H2S loading rates at a constant biomass concentration. Increasing biomass concentrations resulted in a lower measured Sx2- concentration at similar H2S loading rates in the sulfidic bioreactor. Sx2- of chain length 6 (S62-) showed a substantial decrease at higher biomass concentrations. Identifying Sx2- concentrations and their chain lengths as a function of biomass concentration and the sulfide loading rate is key in understanding and controlling sulfide uptake by the SOB. This knowledge will contribute to a better understanding of how to reach and maintain a high selectivity for S8 formation in the dual-reactor biological desulfurization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kestral
A. K. Y. Johnston
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700
AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark van Lankveld
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700
AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rieks de Rink
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700
AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. M. Klok
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemerel R. Mol
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700
AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Karel J. Keesman
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Mathematical
and Statistical Methods − Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J. N. Buisman
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700
AA Wageningen, The
Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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Jia T, Zhang L, Sun S, Zhao Q, Peng Y. Adding organics to enrich mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria under extremely acidic conditions-A novel strategy to enhance hydrogen sulfide removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158768. [PMID: 36108867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biotreatment of high load hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can lead to rapid acidification of a bioreactor, which greatly challenges the application of bio-desulfurization technology. In this study, the bio-desulfurization performance was improved by enriching acidophilic mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) by adding organics under extremely acidic conditions (pH < 1.0). A biotrickling filter (BTF) for the removal of H2S was established and operated under pH < 1.0 for 420 days. In the autotrophic period, the maximum H2S elimination capacity (ECmax-H2S) was 135.8 g/m3/h with biofilm mass remaining within 11.1 g/L-BTF. The autotrophic SOB bacterium Acidithiobacillus was dominant (62.1 %). When glucose was added to the BTF system, ECmax-H2S increased by 272 % to 464.3 g/m3/h as biofilm mass increased to 22.3 g/L-BTF. The acidophilic mixotrophic SOB bacteria Mycobacterium (78.4 %) and Alicyclobacillus (20.7 %) were enriched while Acidithiobacillus was gradually eliminated (<0.1 %). Furthermore, the major sulfur metabolism pathways were identified to explore the desulfurization mechanism under extremely acidic conditions. To maintain optimal desulfurization performance and avoid biofilm overgrowth in the BTF system, biofilm mass should be maintained within 20-22 g/L-BTF. This can be achieved by adding 1.0 g/L-BTF glucose every 20 days under a load rate of H2S in 50-90 g/m3/h and a trickling liquid velocity of 1.8 m/h. Extremely acidic conditions eliminated non-aciduric microorganisms so that the addition of organics can increase the abundance of acidophilic mixotrophic SOB (>99 %), thus offering a novel strategy for enhancing H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Li Z, Yang Y, Cheng H, Teng Y, Li C, Li K, Feng Z, Jin H, Tan X, Zheng S. Measurement and model of density, viscosity, and hydrogen sulfide solubility in ferric chloride/trioctylmethylammonium chloride ionic liquid. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Mol AR, Pruim SD, de Korte M, Meuwissen DJM, van der Weijden RD, Klok JBM, Keesman KJ, Buisman CJN. Removal of small elemental sulfur particles by polysulfide formation in a sulfidic reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 227:119296. [PMID: 36351351 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For over 30 years, biological gas desulfurization under halo-alkaline conditions has been studied and optimized. This technology is currently applied in already 270 commercial installations worldwide. Sulfur particle separation, however, remains a challenge; a fraction of sulfur particles is often too small for liquid-solid separation with conventional separation technology. In this article, we report the effects of a novel sulfidic reactor, inserted in the conventional process set-up, on sulfur particle size and morphology. In the sulfidic reactor polysulfide is produced by the reaction of elemental sulfur particles and sulfide, which is again converted to elemental sulfur in a gas-lift reactor. We analyzed sulfur particles produced in continuous, long term lab-scale reactor experiments under various sulfide concentrations and sulfidic retention times. The analyses were performed with laser diffraction particle size analysis and light microscopy. These show that the smallest particles (< 1 µm) have mostly disappeared under the highest sulfide concentration (4.1 mM) and sulfidic retention time (45 min). Under these conditions also agglomeration of sulfur particles was promoted. Model calculations with thermodynamic and previously derived kinetic data on polysulfide formation confirm the experimental data on the removal of the smallest particles. Under the 'highest sulfidic pressure', the model predicts that equilibrium conditions are reached between sulfur, sulfide and polysulfide and that 100% of the sulfur particles <1 µm are dissolved by the (autocatalytic) formation of polysulfides. These experiments and modeling results demonstrate that the insertion of a novel sulfidic reactor in the conventional process set-up promotes the removal of the smallest individual sulfur particles and promotes the production of sulfur agglomerates. The novel sulfidic reactor is therefore a promising process addition with the potential to improve process operation, sulfur separation and sulfur recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemerel R Mol
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Paqell B.V, Reactorweg 301, 3542 CE Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian D Pruim
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milan de Korte
- Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Derek J M Meuwissen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Renata D van der Weijden
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O: Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Paqell B.V, Reactorweg 301, 3542 CE Utrecht, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O: Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Karel J Keesman
- Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O: Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O: Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
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10
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Liu Z, Yang M, Mu T, Liu J, Chen L, Miao D, Xing J. Organic layer characteristics and microbial utilization of the biosulfur globules produced by haloalkaliphilic Thioalkalivibrio versutus D301 during biological desulfurization. Extremophiles 2022; 26:27. [PMID: 35962820 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-022-01274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The haloalkaliphilic genus Thioalkalivibrio, widely used in bio-desulfurization, can oxidize H2S to So, which is excreted outside cells in the form of biosulfur globules. As by-product of bio-desulfurization, information on biosulfur globules is still very scant, which limits its high-value utilization. In this paper, the characteristics of biosulfur globules produced by Thioalkalivibrio versutus D301 and the possibility of cultivating sulfur-oxidizing bacteria as a high biological-activity sulfur source were studied. The sulfur element in the biosulfur globules existed in the form α-S8, which was similar to chemical sulfur. The biosulfur globule was wrapped with an organic layer composed of polysaccharides and proteins. The composition of this organic layer could change. In the formation stage of biosulfur globules, the organic layer was dominated by polysaccharides, and in later stage, proteins became the main component. We speculated that the organic layer was mainly formed by the passive adsorption of organic matter secreted by cells. The existence of organic layer endowed biosulfur with better bioavailability. Compared with those found using chemical sulfur, the growth rates of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans ATCC 19377T, Thiomicrospira microaerophila BDL05 and Thioalkalibacter halophilus BDH06 using biosulfur increased several folds to an order of magnitude, indicating that biosulfur was a good sulfur source for cultivating sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Maohua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Tingzhen Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinlong Liu
- School of Biology and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Linxu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Delu Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianmin Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China
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11
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Jia T, Zhang L, Zhao Q, Peng Y. The effect of biofilm growth on the sulfur oxidation pathway and the synergy of microorganisms in desulfurization reactors under different pH conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128638. [PMID: 35306408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm growth affects the oxygen transfer in biofilm and thus the oxidation pathway of sulfur and the synergy of microorganisms. In this study, the effect of biofilm growth on the oxidation pathway of H2S and the synergy of microorganisms in desulfurization reactors under different pH conditions was first discussed to enhance the understanding of desulfurization process. A biotrickling filter (BTF) was operated for 168 days under acidic condition (pH<4.7) and 32 days under alkaline condition (7.0 <pH<10.2). In acidic period, the average growth mass (AGM) of biofilm was 0.04 g/L-BTF/d, and most of S-H2S was converted to S-SO42- (>89.0%). In alkaline period, the AGM raised to 0.97 g/L-BTF/d, and 77.0% of S-H2S was transferred to elemental sulfur (S0) and polysulfanes (R-Sx-R) accumulated in biofilm. The increase of biofilm and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria activity limited the oxygen transfer in alkaline biofilm, leading to the accumulation of S0 and the emergence of an obligate anaerobe- Acetoanaerobium (8.1%). The formation of R-Sx-R may be due to the reaction of S0 with thiols produced by a thiol-producing bacterium- Pseudomonas (6.7%). The uneven distribution of oxygen in biofilm caused by biofilm growth complicated the transfer pathway of sulfur and the synergy of microorganisms in desulfurization system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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12
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Polizzi C, Gabriel D, Munz G. Successful sulphide-driven partial denitrification: Efficiency, stability and resilience in SRT-controlled conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133936. [PMID: 35149015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification is emerging as a valuable solution for NO2- supply in Anammox systems. When reduced sulphur compounds are used as electron donors, S-driven Partial Autotrophic Denitrification (PAD) can also be achieved, allowing for an integrated autotrophic nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) removal from liquid and gaseous streams. The aim of the present work was to maximise NO3- reduction to NO2- coupled with complete HS- oxidation, by the selective control of influent S/N ratio and sludge retention time (SRT). A 2.5-L chemostat was operated for 115 days and three operational phases were tested at decreasing SRT of 40, 23 and 13 h, testing S/N ratios in the range of 0.5-1 gS/gN. Successful sulphide-driven PAD was achieved and lead to average NO2- conversion efficiencies as high as77±17% at all the conditions tested, with the highest value of 99% at the lowest S/N of 0.58 gS/gN and SRT of 23 h. Respirometric tests showed that NO3- uptake rate was stable at 90±10 mgN/gVSS/h, when NO3- was present as sole electron acceptor or at NO2- levels as high as 120 mgN/l; on the contrary, NO2- uptake rates were very sensitive to the applied conditions. Metabarcoding analyses revealed that the microbial community was highly enriched in Sulphur Oxidizing Bacteria (SOB>80%) and stable S-limiting conditions appeared to favour Thiobacillus over Sulfurimonas genus. A preliminary assessment of N2O potential emission was also performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work evaluating the synergic effect of SRT and influent S/N ratio on nitrite accumulation in highly SOB-enriched systems and the NO2- conversion efficiencies achieved are among the highest reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Polizzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta, 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy.
| | - David Gabriel
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola D'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Giulio Munz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta, 3, 50139, Firenze, Italy
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13
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Schwarz A, Gaete M, Nancucheo I, Villa-Gomez D, Aybar M, Sbárbaro D. High-Rate Sulfate Removal Coupled to Elemental Sulfur Production in Mining Process Waters Based on Membrane-Biofilm Technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:805712. [PMID: 35340841 PMCID: PMC8942777 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.805712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is anticipated that copper mining output will significantly increase over the next 20 years because of the more intensive use of copper in electricity-related technologies such as for transport and clean power generation, leading to a significant increase in the impacts on water resources if stricter regulations and as a result cleaner mining and processing technologies are not implemented. A key concern of discarded copper production process water is sulfate. In this study we aim to transform sulfate into sulfur in real mining process water. For that, we operate a sequential 2-step membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) system. We coupled a hydrogenotrophic MBfR (H2-MBfR) for sulfate reduction to an oxidizing MBfR (O2-MBfR) for oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur. A key process improvement of the H2-MBfR was online pH control, which led to stable high-rate sulfate removal not limited by biomass accumulation and with H2 supply that was on demand. The H2-MBfR easily adapted to increasing sulfate loads, but the O2-MBfR was difficult to adjust to the varying H2-MBfR outputs, requiring better coupling control. The H2-MBfR achieved high average volumetric sulfate reduction performances of 1.7-3.74 g S/m3-d at 92-97% efficiencies, comparable to current high-rate technologies, but without requiring gas recycling and recompression and by minimizing the H2 off-gassing risk. On the other hand, the O2-MBfR reached average volumetric sulfur production rates of 0.7-2.66 g S/m3-d at efficiencies of 48-78%. The O2-MBfR needs further optimization by automatizing the gas feed, evaluating the controlled removal of excess biomass and S0 particles accumulating in the biofilm, and achieving better coupling control between both reactors. Finally, an economic/sustainability evaluation shows that MBfR technology can benefit from the green production of H2 and O2 at operating costs which compare favorably with membrane filtration, without generating residual streams, and with the recovery of valuable elemental sulfur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Schwarz
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María Gaete
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván Nancucheo
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Denys Villa-Gomez
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marcelo Aybar
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniel Sbárbaro
- Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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14
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de Rink R, B Lavender M, Liu D, Klok JBM, Sorokin DY, Ter Heijne A, Buisman CJN. Continuous electron shuttling by sulfide oxidizing bacteria as a novel strategy to produce electric current. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127358. [PMID: 34879559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide oxidizing bacteria (SOB) are widely applied in industry to convert toxic H2S into elemental sulfur. Haloalkaliphilic planktonic SOB can remove sulfide from solution under anaerobic conditions (SOB are 'charged'), and release electrons at an electrode (discharge of SOB). The effect of this electron shuttling on product formation and biomass growth is not known. Here, we study and demonstrate a continuous process in which SOB remove sulfide from solution in an anaerobic 'uptake chamber', and shuttle these electrons to the anode of an electrochemical cell, in the absence of dissolved sulfide. Two experiments over 31 and 41 days were performed. At a sulfide loading rate of 1.1 mmolS/day, electricity was produced continuously (3 A/m2) without dissolved sulfide in the anolyte. The main end product was sulfate (56% in experiment 1% and 78% in experiment 2), and 87% and 77% of the electrons in sulfide were recovered as electricity. It was found that the current density was dependent on the sulfide loading rate and not on the anode potential. Biological growth occurred, mainly at the anode as biofilm, in which the deltaproteobacterial genus Desulfurivibrio was dominating. Our results demonstrate a novel strategy to produce electricity from sulfide in an electrochemical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieks de Rink
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Micaela B Lavender
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dandan Liu
- Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology RAS, Leninskii Prospect, 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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15
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Gupta S, Plugge CM, Klok JBM, Muyzer G. Comparative analysis of microbial communities from different full-scale haloalkaline biodesulfurization systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1759-1776. [PMID: 35147744 PMCID: PMC8882115 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract In biodesulfurization (BD) at haloalkaline and dO2-limited conditions, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) effectively convert sulfide into elemental sulfur that can be used in agriculture as a fertilizer and fungicide. Here we show which bacteria are present in this biotechnological process. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of biomass from ten reactors sampled in 2018 indicated the presence of 444 bacterial Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). A core microbiome represented by 30 ASVs was found in all ten reactors, with Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus as the most dominant species. The majority of these ASVs are phylogenetically related to bacteria previously identified in haloalkaline BD processes and in natural haloalkaline ecosystems. The source and composition of the feed gas had a great impact on the microbial community composition followed by alkalinity, sulfate, and thiosulfate concentrations. The halophilic SOB of the genus Guyparkeria (formerly known as Halothiobacillus) and heterotrophic SOB of the genus Halomonas were identified as potential indicator organisms of sulfate and thiosulfate accumulation in the BD process. Key points • Biodesulfurization (BD) reactors share a core microbiome • The source and composition of the feed gas affects the microbial composition in the BD reactors • Guyparkeria and Halomonas indicate high concentrations of sulfate and thiosulfate in the BD process Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-11771-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Gupta
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline M Plugge
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Paqell B.V, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Muyzer
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Mol A, Meuwissen DJM, Pruim SD, Zhou C, van Vught V, Klok JBM, Buisman CJN, van der Weijden RD. Novel Agglomeration Strategy for Elemental Sulfur Produced during Biological Gas Desulfurization. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27913-27923. [PMID: 34722991 PMCID: PMC8554788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a novel crystal agglomeration strategy for elemental sulfur (S) produced during biological desulfurization (BD). A key element is the nucleophilic dissolution of S by sulfide (HS-) to polysulfides (S x 2-), which was enhanced by a sulfide-rich, anoxic reactor. This study demonstrates that with enhanced S x 2- formation, crystal agglomerates are formed with a uniform size (14.7 ± 3.1 μm). In contrast, with minimal S x 2- formation, particle size fluctuates markedly (5.6 ± 5.9 μm) due to the presence of agglomerates and single crystals. Microscopic analysis showed that the uniformly sized agglomerates had an irregular structure, whereas the loose particles and agglomerates were more defined and bipyramidal. The irregular agglomerates are explained by dissolution of S by (poly)sulfides, which likely changed the crystal surface structure and disrupted crystal growth. Furthermore, S from S x 2- appeared to form at least 5× faster than from HS- based on the average S x 2- chain length of x ≈ 5, thereby stimulating particle agglomeration. In addition, microscopy suggested that S crystal growth proceeded via amorphous S globules. Our findings imply that the crystallization product is controlled by the balance between dissolution and formation of S. This new insight has a strong potential to prevent poor S settleability in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemerel
R. Mol
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Derek J. M. Meuwissen
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian D. Pruim
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent van Vught
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. M. Klok
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J. N. Buisman
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Renata D. van der Weijden
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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17
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Hao X, Mu T, Mohammed Sharshar M, Yang M, Zhong W, Jia Y, Chen Z, Yang G, Xing J. Revealing sulfate role in empowering the sulfur-oxidizing capacity of Thioalkalivibrio versutus D301 for an enhanced desulfurization process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125367. [PMID: 34139561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Haloalkaliphilic Thioalkalivibrio, a dominant genus for sulfide removal, has attracted growing interest. However, the bacterial biological response to this process's final product, sulfate, has not been well-studied. Here, thiosulfate oxidation and sulfur formation by T. versutus D301 were being enhanced with increasing sulfate supply. With the addition of 0.73 M sulfate, the thiosulfate utilization rate and sulfur production were improved by 68.1% and 120.1% compared with carbonate-grown control at the same salinity (1.8 M). For sulfate-grown cells, based on metabolic analysis, the downregulation of central carbon metabolism indicated that sulfate triggered a decrease in energy conservation efficiency. Additionally, the gene expression analysis further revealed that sulfate induced the inhibition of sulfur to sulfate oxidation, causing the upregulation of thiosulfate to sulfur oxidation for providing cells with additional energy. This study enhances researchers' understanding regarding the sulfate effect on the bio-desulfurization process and presents a new perspective of optimizing the biotechniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemi Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tingzhen Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | | | - Maohua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yunpu Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Gama Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianmin Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, PR China.
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18
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Chen Z, Yang G, Hao X, Samak NA, Jia Y, Peh S, Mu T, Yang M, Xing J. Recent advances in microbial capture of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas via sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:693-708. [PMID: 34690639 PMCID: PMC8518563 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological desulfurization offers several remarkably environmental advantages of operation at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, no demand of toxic chemicals as well as the formation of biologically re-usable sulfur (S0), which has attracted increasing attention compared to conventionally physicochemical approaches in removing hydrogen sulfide from sour gas. However, the low biomass of SOB, the acidification of process solution, the recovery of SOB, and the selectivity of bio-S0 limit its industrial application. Therefore, more efforts should be made in the improvement of the BDS process for its industrial application via different research perspectives. This review summarized the recent research advances in the microbial capture of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas based on strain modification, absorption enhancement, and bioreactor modification. Several efficient solutions to limitations for the BDS process were proposed, which paved the way for the future development of BDS industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Gama Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xuemi Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Nadia A. Samak
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- Processes Design and Development DepartmentEgyptian Petroleum Research InstituteCairoEgypt
| | - Yunpu Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Sumit Peh
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Tingzhen Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Maohua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jianmin Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- College of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
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19
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Wang J, Chu YX, Yao XZ, He R. Enhanced degradation of methanethiol in enrichment cultures in the presence of methane. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Lee J, Mahandra H, Hein GA, Ramsay J, Ghahreman A. Toward Sustainable Solution for Biooxidation of Waste and Refractory Materials Using Neutrophilic and Alkaliphilic Microorganisms—A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2274-2292. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Lee
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Harshit Mahandra
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Guillermo Alvial Hein
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Juliana Ramsay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ahmad Ghahreman
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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21
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Mu T, Yang M, Xing J. Performance and characteristic of a haloalkaliphilic bio-desulfurizing system using Thioalkalivibrio verustus D301 for efficient removal of H2S. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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22
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Kiragosyan K, Picard M, Timmers PHA, Sorokin DY, Klok JBM, Roman P, Janssen AJH. Effect of methanethiol on process performance, selectivity and diversity of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in a dual bioreactor gas biodesulfurization system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123002. [PMID: 32506049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study provides important new insights on how to achieve high sulfur selectivities and stable gas biodesulfurization process operation in the presence of both methanethiol and H2S in the feed gas. On the basis of previous research, we hypothesized that a dual bioreactor lineup (with an added anaerobic bioreactor) would favor sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) that yield a higher sulfur selectivity. Therefore, the focus of the present study was to enrich thiol-resistant SOB that can withstand methanethiol, the most prevalent and toxic thiol in sulfur-containing industrial off gases. In addition, the effect of process conditions on the SOB population dynamics was investigated. The results confirmed that thiol-resistant SOB became dominant with a concomitant increase of the sulfur selectivity from 75 mol% to 90 mol% at a loading rate of 2 mM S methanethiol day-1. The abundant SOB in the inoculum - Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus - was first outcompeted by Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii after which Thioalkalibacter halophilus eventually became the most abundant species. Furthermore, we found that the actual electron donor in our lab-scale biodesulfurization system was polysulfide, and not the primarily supplied sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Kiragosyan
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Magali Picard
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Eurofins Agroscience Services Chem SAS 75, chemin de Sommières 30310, Vergèze, France
| | - Peer H A Timmers
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Shell, Oostduinlaan 2, 2596 JM, the Hague, the Netherlands
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23
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Schwarz A, Suárez JI, Aybar M, Nancucheo I, Martínez P, Rittmann BE. A membrane-biofilm system for sulfate conversion to elemental sulfur in mining-influenced waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140088. [PMID: 32559542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A system of two membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs) was tested for the conversion of sulfate (1.5 g/L) in mining-process water into elemental sulfur (S0) particles. Initially, a H2-based MBfR reduced sulfate to sulfide, and an O2-based MBfR then oxidized sulfide to S0. Later, the two MBfRs were coupled by a recirculation flow. Surface loading, reactor-coupling configuration, and substrate-gas pressure exerted important controls over performance of each MBfR and the coupled system. Continuously recirculating the liquid between the H2-based MBfR and the O2-based MBfR, compared to series operation, avoided the buildup of sulfide and gave overall greater sulfate removal (99% vs 62%) and production of S0 (61% vs 54%). The trade-off was that recirculation coupling demanded greater delivery of H2 and O2 (in air) due to the establishment of a sulfur cycle catalyzed by Sulfurospirillum spp., which had an average abundance of 46% in the H2-based MBfR fibers and 62% in the O2-based MBfR fibers at the end of the experiments. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio and Desulfomicrobium) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiofaba, Thiomonas, Acidithiobacillus and Sulfuricurvum) averaged only 22% and 11% in the H2-based MBfR and O2-based MBfR fibers, respectively. Evidence suggests that the undesired Sulfurospirillum species, which reduce S0 to sulfide, can be suppressed by increasing sulfate-surface loading and H2 pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Schwarz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
| | - José Ignacio Suárez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Marcelo Aybar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Iván Nancucheo
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile
| | | | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, United States of America
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24
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Ter Heijne A, Pereira MA, Pereira J, Sleutels T. Electron Storage in Electroactive Biofilms. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:34-42. [PMID: 32646618 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) are promising for sustainable applications. Recently, electron storage during intermittent operation of electroactive biofilms (EABs) has been shown to play an important role in power output and electron efficiencies. Insights into electron storage mechanisms, and the conditions under which these occur, are essential to improve microbial electrochemical conversions and to optimize biotechnological processes. Here, we discuss the two main mechanisms for electron storage in EABs: storage in the form of reduced redox active components in the electron transport chain and in the form of polymers. We review electron storage in EABs and in other microorganisms and will discuss how the mechanisms of electron storage can be influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - M A Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - J Pereira
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - T Sleutels
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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25
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Abstract
In the biodesulfurization (BD) process under halo-alkaline conditions, toxic hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur by a mixed culture of sulfide oxidizing bacteria to clean biogas. The resulting sulfur is recovered by gravitational settling and can be used as raw material in various industries. However, if the sulfur particles do not settle, it will lead to operational difficulties. In this study, we investigated the properties of sulfur formed in five industrial BD facilities. Sulfur particles from all samples showed large differences in terms of shape, size, and settleability. Both single crystals (often bipyramidal) and aggregates thereof were observed with light and scanning electron microscopy. The small, non-settled particles account for at least 13.6% of the total number of particles and consists of small individual particles with a median of 0.3 µm. This is undesirable, because those particles cannot be removed from the BD facility by gravitational settling and lead to operational interruption. The particles with good settling properties are aggregates (5–20 µm) or large single crystals (20 µm). We provide hypotheses as to how the differences in sulfur particle properties might have occurred. These findings provide a basis for understanding the relation between sulfur particle properties and formation mechanisms.
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26
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Liu Z, Xue R, Ma Y, Zang L, Zhuang J, Lu G. Effect of sulfate removal in a high sulfate volumetric loading micro-aerobic bio-reactor and study of subsequent bio-sulfur adsorption by iron-modified activated carbon. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14542-14549. [PMID: 35497127 PMCID: PMC9051921 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10908k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Removal of sulfide from a micro-aerobic bio-reactor was studied at 10 000 mg L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) of inlet water, with the sulfate volumetric loading 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg (m−3 d−1), respectively. Tentatively, activated carbon (AC) as an adsorbent was modified in positively charged iron to adsorb bio-sulfur through electrostatic interaction. At an O2/S molar ratio of 8–10, the reactor was sufficient to decrease the sulfide in the effluent and biogas to low levels at the sulfate volumetric loading of 2 kg (m−3 d−1). After iron-modified, the specific surface area of AC was form 32.4 m2 g−1 to 65.0 m2 g−1, and the zeta potential was 25.3 mV at pH 7.0. The XRD pattern of the iron-modified activated carbon (FeAC) explained that the metal species of iron was Fe3O4. It could be clearly seen that there was Fe3O4 on the surface of the FeAC, and sulfur particles with a large particle size were adsorbed by the FeAC on the SEM figures. And the XRD pattern of the bio-sulfur explained that the bio-sulfur was made up of S8 (91.444%), C3H4N2OS (1.491%) and CH5N3S (7.075%). The zeta potential of bio-sulfur was −25 mV and the particle size was mainly distributed at the average diameter of 1935 nm at pH 7.0. Removal of sulfide from a micro-aerobic bio-reactor was studied at 10 000 mg L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) of inlet water, with the sulfate volumetric loading 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg (m−3 d−1), respectively.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680
| | - Rong Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680
| | - Yunqian Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 P. R. China
| | - Lihua Zang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680
| | - Jiasheng Zhuang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680
| | - Guangsong Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China +86-531-89631680 +86-531-89631680
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27
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Li W, Zhang M, Kang D, Chen W, Yu T, Xu D, Zeng Z, Li Y, Zheng P. Mechanisms of sulfur selection and sulfur secretion in a biological sulfide removal (BISURE) system. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105549. [PMID: 32086075 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological desulfurization technology is a sustainable process for the sulfide removal from biogas, which has multiple advantages. In this study, a biological sulfide removal (BISURE) system was established to investigate the working performances and process mechanisms. The results showed that the sulfide removal rate was 2.30 kg-S/(m3 d), the sulfide removal efficiency was higher than 98%, the sulfur production rate was 1.76 kg-S/(m3 d), the sulfur selectivity was 75.02 ± 3.63% and the main form of products (sulfur compounds) was Rosickyite-S and S8. The performance of BISURE system was supported by the dominant genus (abundance more than 60%) of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) which shifted to Thiovirga at the high SLR. The sqr and dsrA genes could serve as the indicators for the pathway of two-step sulfide oxidation, i.e. "partial sulfide oxidation (PSO, sulfide → sulfur)" and "complete sulfide oxidation (CSO, sulfur → sulfate)". The sulfur selectivity was improved by enhancing PSO and inhibiting CSO with the indication of two genes. The cellular sulfur secretion was revealed, and the "outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs)-dependent" sulfur-secreting hypothesis was proposed to explain the transportation of elemental sulfur from inside to outside of SOB cells. The findings of this work provide a new perspective to understand the sulfur selection of sulfide bio-oxidation and the sulfur secretion of SOB cells so as to promote the development of biological desulfurization technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Da Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wenda Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yiyu Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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28
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Kiragosyan K, Picard M, Sorokin DY, Dijkstra J, Klok JBM, Roman P, Janssen AJH. Effect of dimethyl disulfide on the sulfur formation and microbial community composition during the biological H 2S removal from sour gas streams. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121916. [PMID: 31884361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Removal of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds from sour gases is required because of their toxicity and atmospheric pollution. The most common are hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methanethiol (MT). Under oxygen-limiting conditions about 92 mol% of sulfide is oxidized to sulfur by haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), whilst the remainder is oxidized either biologically to sulfate or chemically to thiosulfate. MT is spontaneously oxidized to dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), which was found to inhibit the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate. Hence, we assessed the effect of DMDS on product formation in a lab-scale biodesulfurization setup. DMDS was quantified using a newly, in-house developed analytical method. Subsequently, a chemical reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS. Addition of DMDS resulted in significant inhibition of sulfate formation, leading to 96 mol% of sulfur formation. In addition, a reduction in the dominating haloalkaliphilic SOB species, Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus, was observed in favor of Thioalkaibacter halophilus as a more DMDS-tolerant with the 50 % inhibition coefficient at 2.37 mM DMDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Kiragosyan
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Magali Picard
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Eurofins Agroscience Services Chem SAS 75, chemin de Sommières 30310, Vergèze, France
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Dijkstra
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Shell, Oostduinlaan 2, 2596 JM the Hague, The Netherlands
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29
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de Rink R, Klok JBM, van Heeringen GJ, Keesman KJ, Janssen AJH, Ter Heijne A, Buisman CJN. Biologically enhanced hydrogen sulfide absorption from sour gas under haloalkaline conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121104. [PMID: 31586887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We studied a biotechnological desulfurization process for removal of toxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from sour gas. The process consists of two steps: i) Selective absorption of H2S into a (bi)carbonate solution in the absorber column and ii) conversion of sulfide to sulfur by sulfide oxidizing bacteria (SOB) in the aerated bioreactor. In previous studies, several physico-chemical factors were assessed to explain the observed enhancement of H2S absorption in the absorber, but a full explanation was not provided. We investigated the relation between the metabolic activity of SOB and the enhancement factor. Two continuous experiments on pilot-scale were performed to determine H2S absorption efficiencies at different temperatures and biomass concentrations. The absorption efficiency improved at increasing temperatures, i.e. H2S concentration in the treated gas decreased from 715 ± 265 ppmv at 25.4 °C to 69 ± 25 ppmv at 39.4 °C. The opposite trend is expected when H2S absorption is solely determined by physico-chemical factors. Furthermore, increasing biomass concentrations to the absorber also resulted in decreased H2S concentrations in the treated gas, from approximately 6000 ppmv without biomass to 1664 ± 126 ppmv at 44 mg N/L. From our studies it can be concluded that SOB activity enhances H2S absorption and leads to increased H2S removal efficiencies in biotechnological gas desulfurization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieks de Rink
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Karel J Keesman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Mathematical and Statistical methods, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
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30
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Mu T, Yang M, Xing J. Deep and high-efficiency removal of sulfate through a coupling system with sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing capacity under haloalkaliphilic condition. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:1009-1015. [PMID: 31993799 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sulfide from anaerobic treatment of high-sulfate wastewater would always have some adverse effects on downstream processes. In this study, a coupling anaerobic/aerobic system was developed and operated under haloalkaliphilic condition to realize deep and high-efficiency removal of sulfate without production of sulfide. A haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing strain, Thioalkalivibrio versutus SOB306, was responsible for oxidation of sulfide. The anaerobic part was first operated at optimum condition based on a previous study. Then, its effluent with an average sulfide concentration of 674 ± 33 mg·l-1 was further directly treated by a set of 1 l biofilter with SOB306 strain under aerobic condition. Finally, 100% removal rate of sulfide was achieved at aeration rate of 0.75 l·l-1·min-1, ORP of - 392 mV and HRT of 4 h. The average yield of elemental sulfur reached 79.1 ± 1.3% in the filter, and the CROS achieved a conversion rate of sulfate to sulfur beyond 54%. This study for the first time revealed the characteristics and performance of the haloalkaliphilic CROS in deep treatment of high-sulfate wastewater, which paved the way for the development and application of this method in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhen Mu
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Maohua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianmin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
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31
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Qiu LQ, Zhang L, Tang K, Chen G, Kumar Khanal S, Lu H. Removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in sulfate-reducing flocculent and granular sludge systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121592. [PMID: 31176940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal and fate in sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) reactors inoculated with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) granules and flocs. The resilience of SRB granules and flocs against varying pHs and hydraulic retention times (HRTs) was also examined. SRB granules and flocs efficiently removed SMX from wastewater, which was significantly higher than the aerobic sludge. SRB granules achieved significantly (p < 0.05) higher SMX removal (∼13.3 μg/g suspended solids (SS)-d) than the SRB flocs (∼11.2 μg/g SS-d) during 150-day of SRUSB reactors operation. The SMX removal by both granules and flocs was mainly attributed to biodegradation. Sorption also contributed to SMX removal, in which aromatic protein-like substances of extracellular polymeric substances played important role in SMX removal. In addition, SRB granules showed higher resilience than SRB flocs against varying pHs and HRTs. Thus, SRB-mediated biological process, especially SRB granules, could be a promising biotechnology to remove SMX from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Qing Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China.
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Roberts KP, Heaven S, Banks CJ. Semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of the marine micro-algal species I. galbana and D. salina grown under low and high sulphate conditions. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kiragosyan K, Klok JB, Keesman KJ, Roman P, Janssen AJ. Development and validation of a physiologically based kinetic model for starting up and operation of the biological gas desulfurization process under haloalkaline conditions. WATER RESEARCH X 2019; 4:100035. [PMID: 31334497 PMCID: PMC6614595 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2019.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic and corrosive gas that must be removed from gaseous hydrocarbon streams prior to combustion. This paper describes a gas biodesulfurization process where sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) facilitate sulfide conversion to both sulfur and sulfate. In order to optimize the formation of sulfur, it is crucial to understand the relations between the SOB microbial composition, kinetics of biological and abiotic sulfide oxidation and the effects on the biodesulfurization process efficiency. Hence, a physiologically based kinetic model was developed for four different inocula. The resulting model can be used as a tool to evaluate biodesulfurization process performance. The model relies on a ratio of two key enzymes involved in the sulfide oxidation process, i.e., flavocytochrome c and sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase (FCC and SQR). The model was calibrated by measuring biological sulfide oxidation rates for different inocula obtained from four full-scale biodesulfurization installations fed with gases from various industries. Experimentally obtained biological sulfide oxidation rates showed dissimilarities between the tested biomasses which could be explained by assuming distinctions in the key-enzyme ratios. Hence, we introduce a new model parameter α to whereby α describes the ratio between the relative expression levels of FCC and SQR enzymes. Our experiments show that sulfur production is the highest at low α values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Kiragosyan
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author. Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
| | - Johannes B.M. Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542, AD, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Karel J. Keesman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
- Biobased Chemistry & Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J.H. Janssen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Shell, Oostduinlaan 2, 2596, M the Hague, the Netherlands
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34
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Kiragosyan K, van Veelen P, Gupta S, Tomaszewska-Porada A, Roman P, Timmers PHA. Development of quantitative PCR for the detection of Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii, Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus and Thioalkalibacter halophilus in gas biodesulfurization processes. AMB Express 2019; 9:99. [PMID: 31278455 PMCID: PMC6611852 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) are crucial key players in biotechnological processes to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas streams. Several different haloalkaliphilic SOB have been detected and isolated from lab- and full-scale facilities, which all performed differently considering end product yields (sulfur and sulfate) and conversion rates. Understanding and regulating bacterial community dynamics in biodesulfurization processes will enable optimization of the process operation. We developed quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays to quantify haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterial species Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii, Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus, and Thioalkalibacter halophilus that dominate bacterial communities of biodesulfurization lab- and full-scale installations at haloalkaline conditions. The specificity and PCR efficiency of novel primer sets were evaluated using pure cultures of these target species. We further validated the qPCR assays by quantification of target organisms in five globally distributed full-scale biodesulfurization installations. The qPCR assays perform a sensitive and accurate quantification of Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii, Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus and Thioalkalibacter halophilus, thus providing rapid and valuable insights into process performance and SOB growth dynamics in gas biodesulfurization systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Kiragosyan
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter van Veelen
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Suyash Gupta
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Tomaszewska-Porada
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Peer H A Timmers
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8033, 6700 EH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Guo G, Wu D, Ekama GA, Ivleva NP, Hao X, Dai J, Cui Y, Kumar Biswal B, Chen G. Investigation of multiple polymers in a denitrifying sulfur conversion-EBPR system: The structural dynamics and storage states. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 156:179-187. [PMID: 30913421 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polyphosphate (poly-P) and polysulfide or elemental sulfur (poly-S) are the key functionally relevant polymers involved in the recently reported Denitrifying Sulfur conversion-associated Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (DS-EBPR) process. However, little is known about the structural dynamics and storage states of these polymers. In particular, investigating the poly-S generated in this process is quite a superior challenge. This study was thus aimed at simultaneously qualitative-quantitative investigating poly-S and associated poly-P and PHAs through the integrated chemical analysis and Raman micro-spectroscopy coupled with multiple microscopic methods (i.e. optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and differential interference contrast microscopy). The chemical analytical results displayed a stable DS-EBPR phenotype in terms of sulfur conversion, P release/uptake and the dynamics of relevant polymers. The multiple microscopic images and Raman spectrum profiles further clearly demonstrated the existence of the polymers and their dynamic changes under alternating anaerobic-anoxic conditions, consistent with the chemical analytical results. In particular, Raman analysis for the first time unraveled the co-existence of S0/Sn2- species stored either intracellularly or extracellularly; and the dynamic conversions between S0/Sn2- and other sulfur species suggest that there might be a universal pool of bioavailable sulfur. The results reveal the mechanisms underlying the structural dynamics and changes in storage states of the relevant polymers that are functionally relevant to the carbon/phosphorus/sulfur-cycles during different metabolic phases. These mechanisms would otherwise not be obtained only using a traditional chemical analysis-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China.
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natalia P Ivleva
- Chair for Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaodi Hao
- Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Beijing, 100044, PR China
| | - Ji Dai
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanxiang Cui
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Basanta Kumar Biswal
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese, National Engineering Research Center for Control, Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, FYT Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, China
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36
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de Rink R, Klok JB, van Heeringen GJ, Sorokin DY, ter Heijne A, Zeijlmaker R, Mos YM, de Wilde V, Keesman KJ, Buisman CJ. Increasing the Selectivity for Sulfur Formation in Biological Gas Desulfurization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4519-4527. [PMID: 30882225 PMCID: PMC6581417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the biotechnological desulfurization process under haloalkaline conditions, dihydrogen sulfide (H2S) is removed from sour gas and oxidized to elemental sulfur (S8) by sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. Besides S8, the byproducts sulfate (SO42-) and thiosulfate (S2O32-) are formed, which consume caustic and form a waste stream. The aim of this study was to increase selectivity toward S8 by a new process line-up for biological gas desulfurization, applying two bioreactors with different substrate conditions (i.e., sulfidic and microaerophilic), instead of one (i.e., microaerophilic). A 111-day continuous test, mimicking full scale operation, demonstrated that S8 formation was 96.6% on a molar H2S supply basis; selectivity for SO42- and S2O32- were 1.4 and 2.0% respectively. The selectivity for S8 formation in a control experiment with the conventional 1-bioreactor line-up was 75.6 mol %. At start-up, the new process line-up immediately achieved lower SO42- and S2O32- formations compared to the 1-bioreactor line-up. When the microbial community adapted over time, it was observed that SO42- formation further decreased. In addition, chemical formation of S2O32- was reduced due to biologically mediated removal of sulfide from the process solution in the anaerobic bioreactor. The increased selectivity for S8 formation will result in 90% reduction in caustic consumption and waste stream formation compared to the 1-bioreactor line-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieks de Rink
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B.M. Klok
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water
Technology, Oostergoweg
9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dimitry Y. Sorokin
- Winogradsky
Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre
of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek ter Heijne
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | | | - Yvonne M. Mos
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vinnie de Wilde
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karel J. Keesman
- Mathematical
and Statistical methods, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J.N. Buisman
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water
Technology, Oostergoweg
9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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37
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Lin S, Mackey HR, Hao T, Guo G, van Loosdrecht MCM, Chen G. Biological sulfur oxidation in wastewater treatment: A review of emerging opportunities. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:399-415. [PMID: 29986249 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide prevails in both industrial and municipal waste streams and is one of the most troublesome issues with waste handling. Various technologies and strategies have been developed and used to deal with sulfide for decades, among which biological means make up a considerable portion due to their low operation requirements and flexibility. Sulfur bacteria play a vital role in these biotechnologies. In this article, conventional biological approaches dealing with sulfide and functional microorganisms are systematically reviewed. Linking the sulfur cycle with other nutrient cycles such as nitrogen or phosphorous, and with continued focus of waste remediation by sulfur bacteria, has led to emerging biotechnologies. Furthermore, opportunities for energy harvest and resource recovery based on sulfur bacteria are also discussed. The electroactivity of sulfur bacteria indicates a broad perspective of sulfur-based bioelectrochemical systems in terms of bioelectricity production and bioelectrochemical synthesis. The considerable PHA accumulation, high yield and anoxygenic growth conditions in certain phototrophic sulfur bacteria could provide an interesting alternative for bioplastic production. In this review, new merits of biological sulfide oxidation from a traditional environmental management perspective as well as a waste to resource perspective are presented along with their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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38
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Kalantari H, Nosrati M, Shojaosadati SA, Shavandi M. Investigation of transient forms of sulfur during biological treatment of spent caustic. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1597-1606. [PMID: 28554258 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1334707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the production of various transient forms of sulfur during biological oxidation of sulfidic spent caustics under haloalkaline conditions in a stirred tank bioreactor is investigated. Also, the effects of abiotic aeration (chemical oxidation), dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and sodium concentration on forms of sulfur during biological treatment are demonstrated. Thioalkalivibrio versutus strain was used for sulfide oxidation in spent caustic (SC). The aeration had an important effect on sulfide oxidation and its final products. At DO concentrations above 2 mg l-1, majority of sulfide was oxidized to sulfate. Maximum sulfide removal efficiency (%R) and yield of sulfate production [Formula: see text] was obtained in Na+ concentration ranging from 0.6 to 2 M. Abiotic aeration, which is the most important factor of production of thiosulfate, resulted in the formation of an undesired product-polysulfide. However, abiotic aeration can be used as a pretreatment to biological treatment. In the bioreactor the removal efficiency was obtained as 82.7% and various forms of sulfur such as polysulfide, biosulfur, thiosulfate and sulfate was observed during biological treatment of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Kalantari
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohsen Nosrati
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shavandi
- b Environment and Biotechnology Group , Research Institute of Petroleum Industry , Tehran , Iran
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Wang JT, Zhang L, Kang Y, Chen G, Jiang F. Long-Term Feeding of Elemental Sulfur Alters Microbial Community Structure and Eliminates Mercury Methylation Potential in Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria Abundant Activated Sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4746-4753. [PMID: 29617126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reported a novel observation that the long-term cultivation of sulfur-reducing bacteria (S0RB) from a sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-abundant seeding sludge with elemental sulfur feeding significantly shaped the microbial community structure and eliminated the mercury methylation potential in the S0RB-enriched sludge. In this study, the enrichments of SRB and S0RB from activated sludge were obtained through long-term cultivations. Subsequently, the batch tests showed that approximately 5000 μg/L Hg (II) was completely removed from the solution by both the SRB-enriched and S0RB-enriched sludge. Extremely low or no MeHg production was observed in the S0RB-enriched sludge (less than the limit of detection, 0.01 μg/L), while 1.49 μg/L MeHg accumulated in the SRB-enriched sludge. Other batch tests using the sludge samples from a replication of the cultivation showed that the methylation capability of the S0RB-enriching sludge gradually diminished to a negligible level over a 6 month cultivation time. However, some mercury-methylation-related bacteria were present in the enrichment of S0RB such as Geobacter. The absence of MeHg in the S0RB-enriched sludge may be attributed to the dissolved organic matter (DOM) instead of the sulfur- and sulfate-reduction pathway or MeHg demethylation when exposed to Hg (II). The cultivated S0RB could be used for mercury-contaminated wastewater treatment without MeHg concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry & Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Bioscience , Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 , Denmark
| | - Yuan Kang
- School of Chemistry & Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution , The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , China
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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Wei C, Wei L, Li C, Wei D, Zhao Y. Effects of salinity, C/S ratio, S/N ratio on the BESI process, and treatment of nanofiltration concentrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5129-5139. [PMID: 28710731 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale biodegradation and electron transfer based on the sulfur metabolism in the integrated (BESI®) process was used to treat a saline petrochemical nanofiltration concentrate (NFC). The integrated process consisted of activated sludge sulfate reduction (SR), and sulfide oxidation (SO) reactors, and a biofilm nitrification reactor. During the process, the total removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) were 76.2, 83.8, and 73.1%, respectively. In the SR reactor, most of the organic degradation occurred and approximately 70% COD were removed by the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In the SO reactor, both the autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifications were observed to take place. In parallel, batch experiments were conducted to detect the effects of different C/S and S/N ratios on COD removal and denitrification efficiency. The batch experiments were also conducted to detect the effects of salinity on COD and sulfate reduction. The composition of pollutants in the wastewater was complex, and some existing organics were not degraded by the SRB. The non-SRB groups also played important roles in the reactor. Under salinity-induced stress, the metabolisms of the SRBs and non-SRB groups were both inhibited. However, 6 g/L NaCl did not have much effect on the final COD removal efficiency. In the batch experiments, the added sulfide served as the electron donor for autotrophic denitrification. The added organics provided substance for heterotrophic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yunfa Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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41
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Ferrentino R, Langone M, Villa R, Andreottola G. Strict anaerobic side-stream reactor: effect of the sludge interchange ratio on sludge reduction in a biological nutrient removal process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1243-1256. [PMID: 29086359 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the impact of the sludge interchange ratio (IR) on both the sludge reduction process and the carbon and nutrient removal efficiencies, an anaerobic side-stream reactor (ASSR) at 20 °C and - 400 mV was operated for 300 days coupled to a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for urban wastewater treatment. It was found that a 100% interchange rate, corresponding to an anaerobic solid retention time (SRTASSR) of 2.5 days, was the most suitable case in terms of sludge reduction and wastewater treatment process, achieving a 66% sludge reduction compared to a control system simulated as an SBR. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, and phosphate removal efficiencies of 86.1 ± 7.2, 82.5 ± 11.2, 81.7 ± 12.0, and 62.6 ± 15.0%, respectively, were achieved. When the interchange rate was increased, more ammonium nitrogen and soluble extracellular polymeric substance concentrations were released in the ASSR. This implies that cell lysis and hydrolysis of particulate organic matter in the ASSR were processes of fundamental importance with the increasing mass of sludge cycled to the ASSR. Compared to the release of ammonia, soluble COD release was detected to a lesser extent, due to its consumption by microorganisms in the ASSR. There was also a simultaneous increase in slow-growing microorganisms which use organic carbon for metabolic activities, above all sulfate-reducing bacteria and denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms. This increase contributed significantly to sludge reduction in the SBR-ASSR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ferrentino
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - Michela Langone
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Roberta Villa
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy
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42
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The performance and microbial communities of biodegradation-electron transfer with sulfur metabolism integrated process for flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:1543-1553. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Mu T, Zhao J, Guan Y, Tian J, Yang M, Guo C, Xing J. Desulfurization with Thialkalivibrio versutus immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:865-871. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Roman P, Klok JBM, Sousa JAB, Broman E, Dopson M, Van Zessen E, Bijmans MFM, Sorokin DY, Janssen AJH. Selection and Application of Sulfide Oxidizing Microorganisms Able to Withstand Thiols in Gas Biodesulfurization Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12808-12815. [PMID: 27934286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
After the first commercial applications of a new biological process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from low pressure biogas, the need arose to broaden the operating window to also enable the removal of organosulfur compounds from high pressure sour gases. In this study we have selected microorganisms from a full-scale biodesulfurization system that are capable of withstanding the presence of thiols. This full-scale unit has been in stable operation for more than 10 years. We investigated the microbial community by using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons which showed that methanethiol gave a competitive advantage to bacteria belonging to the genera Thioalkalibacter (Halothiobacillaceae family) and Alkalilimnicola (Ectothiorhosdospiraceae family). The sulfide-oxidizing potential of the acclimatized population was investigated under elevated thiol loading rates (4.5-9.1 mM d-1), consisting of a mix of methanethiol, ethanethiol, and propanethiol. With this biomass, it was possible to achieve a stable bioreactor operation at which 80% of the supplied H2S (61 mM d-1) was biologically oxidized to elemental sulfur. The remainder was chemically produced thiosulfate. Moreover, we found that a conventionally applied method for controlling the oxygen supply to the bioreactor, that is, by maintaining a redox potential set-point value, appeared to be ineffective in the presence of thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Roman
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Paqell, Asterweg 109, 1031 HM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - João A B Sousa
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elias Broman
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University , Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mark Dopson
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University , Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Erik Van Zessen
- Paques B.V., Tjalke de Boerstrjitte 24, 8561 EL Balk, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F M Bijmans
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Prospect 60-let Oktyabrya 7/2, 117811 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology , Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Shell Technology Centre Bangalore, RMZ Centennial Campus B, Kundalahalli Main Road, Bengaluru 560 048 India
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Ferrentino R, Langone M, Gandolfi I, Bertolini V, Franzetti A, Andreottola G. Shift in microbial community structure of anaerobic side-stream reactor in response to changes to anaerobic solid retention time and sludge interchange ratio. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:588-597. [PMID: 27689352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory scale nutrient removal activated sludge system coupled with an anaerobic side-stream reactor was operated for 300 days treating real urban wastewater. A significant decrease in sludge production was obtained increasing the anaerobic solid retention time (SRTASSR) and decreasing the sludge interchange ratio (IR). In this study, the microbial community structure was analyzed and compared with the sludge reduction performance. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses encoding 16 ribosomal RNA and functional genes revealed a wide diversity of phylogenetic groups in each experimental period, resulting from long solids retention time and recirculation of sludge under aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic conditions. However, decreasing SRTASSR from 10 to 2.5d and increasing IR from 27 to 100%, an increasing selection of both fermenting bacteria able to release extracellular polymeric substances and hydrolyze organic matter and slow growing bacteria involved in nutrient removal were detected and linked to the sludge reduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ferrentino
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Michela Langone
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Isabella Gandolfi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Bertolini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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Gerrity S, Kennelly C, Clifford E, Collins G. Hydrogen sulfide oxidation in novel Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors dominated by an Acidithiobacillus and a Thiobacillus species. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2252-2264. [PMID: 26829048 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1147609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is an odourous, highly toxic gas commonly encountered in various commercial and municipal sectors. Three novel, laboratory-scale, Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors (HFBRs) were tested for the removal of H2S gas from air streams over a 178-day trial at 10°C. Removal rates of up to 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1) were achieved, demonstrating the HFBRs as a feasible technology for the treatment of H2S-contaminated airstreams at low temperatures. Bio-oxidation of H2S in the reactors led to the production of H(+) and sulfate (SO(2-)4) ions, resulting in the acidification of the liquid phase. Reduced removal efficiency was observed at loading rates of 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1). NaHCO3 addition to the liquid nutrient feed (synthetic wastewater (SWW)) resulted in improved H2S removal. Bacterial diversity, which was investigated by sequencing and fingerprinting 16S rRNA genes, was low, likely due to the harsh conditions prevailing in the systems. The HFBRs were dominated by two species from the genus Acidithiobacillus and Thiobacillus. Nonetheless, there were significant differences in microbial community structure between distinct HFBR zones due to the influence of alkalinity, pH and SO4 concentrations. Despite the low temperature, this study indicates HFBRs have an excellent potential to biologically treat H2S-contaminated airstreams.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gerrity
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - C Kennelly
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - E Clifford
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - G Collins
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- d School of Engineering , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
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Roman P, Bijmans MFM, Janssen AJH. Influence of methanethiol on biological sulphide oxidation in gas treatment system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1693-703. [PMID: 26652658 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1128001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic and organic sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and thiols (RSH) are unwanted components in sour gas streams (e.g. biogas and refinery gases) because of their toxicity, corrosivity and bad smell. Biological treatment processes are often used to remove H2S at small and medium scales (<50 tons per day of H2S). Preliminarily research by our group focused on achieving maximum sulphur production from biological H2S oxidation in the presence of methanethiol. In this paper the underlying principles have been further studied by assessing the effect of methanethiol on the biological conversion of H2S under a wide range of redox conditions covering not only sulphur but also sulphate-producing conditions. Furthermore, our experiments were performed in an integrated system consisting of a gas absorber and a bioreactor in order to assess the effect of methanethiol on the overall gas treatment efficiency. This study shows that methanethiol inhibits the biological oxidation of H2S to sulphate by way of direct suppression of the cytochrome c oxidase activity in biomass, whereas the oxidation of H2S to sulphur was hardly affected. We estimated the kinetic parameters of biological H2S oxidation that can be used to develop a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the biodesulphurization process. Finally, it was found that methanethiol acts as a competitive inhibitor; therefore, its negative effect can be minimized by increasing the enzyme (biomass) concentration and the substrate (sulphide) concentration, which in practice means operating the biodesulphurization systems under low redox conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Roman
- a Sub-department of Environmental Technology , Wageningen , The Netherlands
- b Wetsus , European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology , Leeuwarden , The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F M Bijmans
- b Wetsus , European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology , Leeuwarden , The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- a Sub-department of Environmental Technology , Wageningen , The Netherlands
- c Shell Technology Centre Bangalore , Bengaluru , India
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Badr K, Mowla D, Jahanmiri A. Mathematical Modeling of Biological Methyl Mercaptide Removal in a Fed Batch Bioreactor. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2013.879059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bayrakdar A, Tilahun E, Calli B. Biogas desulfurization using autotrophic denitrification process. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:939-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Roman P, Veltman R, Bijmans MFM, Keesman KJ, Janssen AJH. Effect of Methanethiol Concentration on Sulfur Production in Biological Desulfurization Systems under Haloalkaline Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:9212-21. [PMID: 26154624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioremoval of H2S from gas streams became popular in recent years because of high process efficiency and low operational costs. To expand the scope of these processes to gas streams containing volatile organic sulfur compounds, like thiols, it is necessary to provide new insights into their impact on overall biodesulfurization process. Published data on the effect of thiols on biodesulfurization processes are scarce. In this study, we investigated the effect of methanethiol on the selectivity for sulfur production in a bioreactor integrated with a gas absorber. This is the first time that the inhibition of biological sulfur formation by methanethiol is investigated. In our reactor system, inhibition of sulfur production started to occur at a methanethiol loading rate of 0.3 mmol L(-1) d(-1). The experimental results were also described by a mathematical model that includes recent findings on the mode of biomass inhibition by methanethiol. We also found that the negative effect of methanethiol can be mitigated by lowering the salinity of the bioreactor medium. Furthermore, we developed a novel approach to measure the biological activity by sulfide measurements using UV-spectrophotometry. On the basis of this measurement method, it is possible to accurately estimate the unknown kinetic parameters in the mathematical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Roman
- †Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- ‡Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - René Veltman
- ‡Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn F M Bijmans
- ‡Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Karel J Keesman
- †Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- †Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- ∥Shell Technology Centre Bangalore, RMZ Centennial Campus B, Kundalahalli Main Road, Bengaluru 560 048 India
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