1
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Petrová E, Chvíla S, Balouch M, Štěpánek F, Zbytovská J. Nanoformulations for dermal delivery of imiquimod: The race of "soft" against "hard". Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123577. [PMID: 37931726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is an immunostimulating agent used in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. Due to its low solubility and poor skin bioavailability, the dermal formulation of IMQ remains challenging. In analogy to tyre compounds used in Formula 1 racing, we compare four types of nanosystems belonging to three groups: (i) "hard" nanoparticles in the form of IMQ nanocrystals, (ii) "intermediate" nanoparticles in the form of liposomes and lipid nanocapsules, and (iii) "soft" nanoparticles in the form of a nanoemulsion based on oleic acid. The nanoemulsion and nanocrystals were able to incorporate the highest amount of IMQ (at least 2 wt%) compared to liposomes (0.03 wt%) and lipid nanocapsules (0.08 wt%). Regarding size, liposomes, and lipid nanocapsules were rather small (around 40 nm) whereas nanocrystals and nanoemulsion were larger (around 200 nm). All developed nanoformulations showed high efficiency to deliver IMQ into the skin tissue without undesirable subsequent permeation through the skin to acceptor. Especially, the 2 wt% IMQ nanoemulsion accumulated 129 μg/g IMQ in the skin, compared to 34 μg/g of a 5 wt% commercial cream. The effects of the respective nanoparticulate systems were discussed with respect to their possible diffusion kinetics (Brownian motion vs. settling) in the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Petrová
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Chvíla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Balouch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Zbytovská
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Gusmão LA, Rodero CF, Pironi AM, Chorilli M, Perussi JR. Hypericin supramolecular assembles: A way to increase the skin availability and photodynamic efficiency in tumor cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103858. [PMID: 37898262 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are molecules approved by the FDA and show promise in increasing the solubility of hydrophobic molecules and making them more available to the skin. These CDs have been used to form complexes with some photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), such as Hypericin (HY). HY is a lipophilic photosensitizer known for its exceptional fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yield generation of over 20 % under 590 nm irradiation. In this study, we found a six-fold increase in the release of HY in vitro after complexation with β-CD. The β-CDHY assembly also demonstrated better skin retention, which is crucial for the topical application of this photosensitizer. Furthermore, the β-CD complexation led to a significant increase in the phototoxicity of HY at three different light doses (3, 6, and 10 J cm-2) due to its improved water solubility and higher in vitro accumulation (approximately two times compared with free HY) in HeLa and Vero cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Araújo Gusmão
- University of São Paulo (USP), Chemical Insititut of São Carlos (IQSC), Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Fernanda Rodero
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Andressa Maria Pironi
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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3
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Nguyen BL, Phung CD, Pham DV, Le ND, Jeong JH, Kim J, Kim JH, Chang JH, Jin SG, Choi HG, Ku SK, Kim JO. Liposomal co-delivery of toll-like receptors 3 and 7 agonists induce a hot triple-negative breast cancer immune environment. J Control Release 2023; 361:443-454. [PMID: 37558053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive and has no standard treatment. Although being considered as an alternative to conventional treatments for TNBC, immunotherapy has to deal with many challenges that hinder its efficacy, particularly the poor immunogenic condition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we designed a liposomal nanoparticle (LN) platform that delivers simultaneously toll-like receptor 7 (imiquimod, IQ) and toll-like receptor 3 (poly(I:C), IC) agonists to take advantage of the different toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which enhances the condition of TME from a "cold" to a "hot" immunogenic state. The optimized IQ/IC-loaded LN (IQ/IC-LN) was effectively internalized by cancer cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, followed by the release of the delivered drugs and subsequent stimulation of the TLR3 and TLR7 signaling pathways. This stimulation encouraged the secretion of type I interferon (IFN-α, IFN-β) and CXCLl0, a T-cell and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) recruitment chemokine, from both cancer cells and macrophages and polarized macrophages to the M1 subtype in in vitro studies. Notably, systemic administration of IQ/IC-LN allowed for the high accumulation of drug content in the tumor, followed by the effective uptake by immune cells in the TME. IQ/IC-LN treatment comprehensively enhanced the immunogenic condition in the TME, which robustly inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, synergistic antitumor efficacy was obtained when the IQ/IC-LN-induced immunogenic state in TME was combined with anti-PD1 antibody therapy. Thus, our results suggest the potential of combining 2 TLR agonists to reform the TME from a "cold" to a "hot" state, supporting the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Loc Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Cao Dai Phung
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc-Vinh Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Duy Le
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Giu Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Straß S, Geiger J, Martorelli M, Geiger S, Cloos N, Keppler M, Fischer T, Riexinger L, Schwamborn A, Guezguez J, Späth N, Cruces S, Guse JH, Sandri TL, Burnet M, Laufer S. Isostearic acid is an active component of imiquimod formulations used to induce psoriaform disease models. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:799-812. [PMID: 36943539 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Topical imiquimod based creams are indicated as immune stimulants for papillomas and various skin neoplasms. Imiquimod is considered a TLR7 ligand. These creams are also used in research to induce skin inflammation in mice as a model for psoriasis. We observed that this inflammatory response was not strictly imiquimod dependent and we set out to establish which components drive the proinflammatory effects. To this end, we examined the induction response in a BALB/cJRj mouse model, in which 50 mg of cream is applied to 2 cm2 of skin (125 mg/kg imiquimod-5% W/V, and/or 625 mg/kg isostearic acid-25% W/V). Comparing cream formulations containing isostearic acid, imiquimod and the combination, we observed that isostearic acid causes skin inflammation within 2 days, whereas imiquimod requires up to 5 days for initial signs. Isostearic acid activated an inflammasome response, stimulated release of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulated the IL-23/17 axis. Animals treated with isostearic acid had enlarged livers (+ 40% weight), which was not observed with imiquimod alone. Imiquimod was readily metabolized and cleared from plasma and liver, but was maintained at high levels in the skin throughout the body (200 mM at area of application; 200 µM in untreated skin). Imiquimod application was associated with splenomegaly, cytokine induction/release and initial body weight loss over 3 days. Despite high imiquimod skin levels throughout the animal, inflammation was only apparent in the treated areas and was less severe than in isostearic acid groups. As the concentrations in these areas are well above the 10 µM required for TLR7 responses in vitro, there is an implication that skin inflammation following imiquimod is due to effects other than TLR7 agonism (e.g., adenosine receptor agonism). In brain, isostearic caused no major changes in cytokine expression while imiquimod alone sightly stimulated expression of IL-1β and CCL9. However, the combination of both caused brain induction of CCL3, -9, CXCL10, -13, IL-1β and TNFα. The implication of these data is that isostearic acid facilitates the entry of imiquimod or peripherally secreted cytokines into the brain. Our data suggest that psoriaform skin responses in mice are more driven by isostearic acid, than generally reported and that the dose and route used in the model, leads to profound systemic effects, which may complicate the interpretation of drug effects in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Straß
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Mariella Martorelli
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thaisa Lucas Sandri
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Laufer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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5
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Tolentino S, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Gelfuso GM. Curcumin quantification in skin and mucosa: Optimization of extraction and chromatographic method validation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1217:123623. [PMID: 36753841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural phenol found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa. It has been studied to treat several human carcinomas, such as melanomas and breast, head and neck, prostate, and ovary cancers. Here, we develop and validate a method for recovering curcumin from the skin layers and mucosa and selectively quantifying it, aiming to support permeation studies in developing topical formulations containing the natural compound. Recovery of curcumin from the stratum corneum, remaining skin, and mucosa was performed using ethanol, DMSO/ethanol, and DMSO, respectively, under mild stirring for specific periods. The separation of curcumin from the other curcuminoids, skin, and mucosa interferents was obtained using a C18 column as a stationary phase. The mobile phase was composed of pH 3.0 phosphoric acid at 1.0 mmol/L and acetonitrile (47:53, v/v), which flowed at 1 mL min-1. UV-Vis detection of curcumin was at 424 nm. The chromatographic method was selective, linear (r > 0.999), with a regression curve in the concentration range from 1.0 to 30.0 μg mL-1, robust, precise, and accurate, with curcumin recovery rates higher than 95 ± 7 % from the mucosa, 82 ± 2 % from the stratum corneum, and 65 ± 10 % from the remaining skin. Finally, the method was successfully used in a skin permeation test performed with porcine skin and mucosa. The validated method is, therefore, suitable for the recovery and quantification of curcumin from the skin layers and mucosa, favoring the development of new topical formulations destined for these sites of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seila Tolentino
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasilia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasilia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasilia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasilia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Jamshaid H, Din FU, Malik M, Mukhtiar M, Choi HG, Ur-Rehman T, Khan GM. A cutback in Imiquimod cutaneous toxicity; comparative cutaneous toxicity analysis of Imiquimod nanotransethosomal gel with 5% marketed cream on the BALB/c mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14244. [PMID: 35987944 PMCID: PMC9392762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, Imiquimod (IMQ) was incorporated in nanotransethosomes (nTES) to develop the IMQ-nTES nano-drug delivery system. IMQ-nTES was optimized using 23 factorial design. The optimized formulation was expressed with a particle size of 192.4 ± 1.60 nm, Poly-dispersibility of 0.115 ± 0.008, and IMQ percent entrapment efficiency of 91.05 ± 3.22%. Smooth and round morphology of IMQ-nTES vesicles was confirmed by TEM micrographs. Moreover, FTIR results have shown drug-excipient compatibility. The IMQ-nTES was laden inside the low molecular weight chitosan gel, which exhibited easy application, spreadability and no irritation to the applied skin. The release pattern has clearly exhibited improved dissolution properties of IMQ with the provision of the sustain release pattern. Higher IMQ content was deposited in deeper epidermis and dermis with IMQ-nTES gel, in contrast to ALDARA. In vivo, comparative toxicity study on BALB/c mice has shown significantly reduced (p < 0.001) psoriatic area severity index (PASI) score and less increment in ear thickness. Epidermal hyperplasia was an obvious finding with ALDARA which was, providentially, minimal in IMQ-nTES gel-treated skin. FTIR analysis of skin tissue has shown an enhancement of lipid and protein content in the ALDARA group, however, in the IMQ-nTES group no such change was observed. With ALDARA application, CD4+ T-cells and constitutive NF-κβ expression were significantly elevated, in comparison to the IMQ-nTES gel treated group. Moreover, the adequate expression of IFN-γ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells were suggesting the preserved IMQ efficacy with IMQ-nTES gel. Quantification of cutaneous as well as systemic inflammatory markers has also suggested the reduced psoriatic potential of IMQ-nTES gel. In essence, IMQ-nTES gel can be a suitable alternative to ALDARA owing to its better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humzah Jamshaid
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Maimoona Malik
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mukhtiar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Han Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea.
| | - Tofeeq Ur-Rehman
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
- Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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7
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Permeation Effect Analysis of Drug Using Raman Spectroscopy for Iontophoresis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12146871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Iontophoresis technology could improve the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery through the skin and be a promising prospective tool for clinical drug therapy in the near future. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to analyze the concentration distribution of penicillin sodium in the skin of a mice model, and the iontophoresis delivery efficiency of drug percutaneous permeation was evaluated with various times and concentrations of penicillin sodium through Raman spectra. The results showed both the action time and drug concentration for iontophoresis can deeply influence transdermal drug delivery effects, and the Raman spectrum might be an effective method to evaluate transdermal drug delivery efficiency.
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8
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Quintão WS, Ferreira-Nunes R, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Gelfuso GM. Validation of a simple chromatographic method for naringenin quantification in skin permeation experiments. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1201-1202:123291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Keck CM, Abdelkader A, Pelikh O, Wiemann S, Kaushik V, Specht D, Eckert RW, Alnemari RM, Dietrich H, Brüßler J. Assessing the Dermal Penetration Efficacy of Chemical Compounds with the Ex-Vivo Porcine Ear Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030678. [PMID: 35336052 PMCID: PMC8951478 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The ex vivo porcine ear model is often used for the determination of the dermal penetration efficacy of chemical compounds. This study investigated the influence of the post-slaughter storage time of porcine ears on the dermal penetration efficacy of chemical compounds. (2) Methods: Six different formulations (curcumin and different fluorescent dyes in different vehicles and/or nanocarriers) were tested on ears that were (i) freshly obtained, (ii) stored for 24 or 48 h at 4 °C after slaughter before use and (iii) freshly frozen and defrosted 12 h before use. (3) Results: Results showed that porcine ears undergo post-mortem changes. The changes can be linked to rigor mortis and all other well-described phenomena that occur with carcasses after slaughter. The post-mortem changes modify the skin properties of the ears and affect the penetration efficacy. The onset of rigor mortis causes a decrease in the water-holding capacity of the ears, which leads to reduced penetration of chemical compounds. The water-holding capacity increases once the rigor is released and results in an increased penetration efficacy for chemical compounds. Despite different absolute penetration values, no differences in the ranking of penetration efficacies between the different formulations were observed between the differently aged ears. (4) Conclusions: All different types of ears can be regarded to be suitable for dermal penetration testing of chemical compounds. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and/or skin hydration of the ears were not correlated with the ex vivo penetration efficacy because both an impaired skin barrier and rigor mortis cause elevated skin hydration and TEWL values but an opposite penetration efficacy. Other additional values (for example, pH and/or autofluorescence of the skin) should, therefore, be used to select suitable and non-suitable skin areas for ex vivo penetration testing. Finally, data from this study confirmed that smartFilms and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) represent superior formulation strategies for efficient dermal and transdermal delivery of curcumin.
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Le Q, Kim D, Lee J, Shim G, Oh Y. Photosensitizer‐Free Phototherapy with Peptide Micelle Nanoadjuvants for Cancer Vaccine against Metastasis of Melanoma. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quoc‐Viet Le
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Gayong Shim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science Soongsil University Seoul 06978 Republic of Korea
| | - Yu‐Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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11
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Sabri AH, Cater Z, Gurnani P, Ogilvie J, Segal J, Scurr DJ, Marlow M. Intradermal delivery of imiquimod using polymeric microneedles for basal cell carcinoma. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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12
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Jabeen M, Boisgard AS, Danoy A, El Kholti N, Salvi JP, Boulieu R, Fromy B, Verrier B, Lamrayah M. Advanced Characterization of Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Mouse Model. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090789. [PMID: 32825447 PMCID: PMC7558091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many autoimmune disorders such as psoriasis lead to the alteration of skin components which generally manifests as unwanted topical symptoms. One of the most widely approved psoriasis-like animal models is the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model. This representation mimics various aspects of the complex cutaneous pathology and could be appropriate for testing topical treatment options. We perform a thorough characterization of this model by assessing some parameters that are not fully described in the literature, namely a precise description of skin disruption. It was evaluated by transepidermal water loss measurements and analyses of epidermis swelling as a consequence of keratinocyte hyperproliferation. The extent of neo-angiogenesis and hypervascularity in dermis were highlighted by immunostaining. Moreover, we investigated systemic inflammation through cytokines levels, spleen swelling and germinal centers appearance in draining lymph nodes. The severity of all parameters was correlated to IMQ concentration in skin samples. This study outlines new parameters of interest useful to assess this model. We highlight the skin barrier disruption and report a systemic inflammatory reaction occurring at distance both in spleen and lymph nodes. These newly identified biological endpoints could be exploited to investigate the efficacy of therapeutic candidates for psoriasis and more extensively for several other skin inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Jabeen
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Boisgard
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Alix Danoy
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Naima El Kholti
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Jean-Paul Salvi
- UMR CNRS 5305, Pharmacie Clinique, Pharmacocinétique et Evaluation du Médicament, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69373 Lyon CEDEX 08, France; (J.-P.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Roselyne Boulieu
- UMR CNRS 5305, Pharmacie Clinique, Pharmacocinétique et Evaluation du Médicament, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69373 Lyon CEDEX 08, France; (J.-P.S.); (R.B.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi Sites du CHU de Lyon, unité de Pharmacocinétique Clinique, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Bérengère Fromy
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Bernard Verrier
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
| | - Myriam Lamrayah
- UMR 5305: Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d’Ingénierie Thérapeutique, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon CEDEX 07, France; (M.J.); (A.-S.B.); (A.D.); (N.E.K.); (B.F.); (B.V.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Sabri A, Ogilvie J, McKenna J, Segal J, Scurr D, Marlow M. Intradermal Delivery of an Immunomodulator for Basal Cell Carcinoma; Expanding the Mechanistic Insight into Solid Microneedle-Enhanced Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2925-2937. [PMID: 32510228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cutaneous malignancy in humans. One of the most efficacious drugs used in the management of BCC is the immunomodulator, imiquimod. However, imiquimod has physiochemical properties that limit its permeation to reach deeper, nodular tumor lesions. The use of microneedles may overcome such limitations and promote intradermal drug delivery. The current work evaluates the effectiveness of using an oscillating microneedle device Dermapen either as a pre- or post-treatment with 5% w/w imiquimod cream application to deliver the drug into the dermis. The effectiveness of microneedles to enhance the permeation of imiquimod was evaluated ex vivo using a Franz cell setup. After a 24-h permeation experiment, sequential tape strips and vertical cross-sections of the porcine skin were collected and analyzed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). In addition, respective Franz cell components were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Analysis of porcine skin cross-sections demonstrated limited dermal permeation of 5% w/w imiquimod cream. Similarly, limited dermal permeation was also seen when 5% w/w imiquimod cream was applied to the skin that was pretreated with the Dermapen, this is known as poke-and-patch. In contrast, when the formulation was applied first to the skin prior to Dermapen application, this is known as patch-and-poke, we observed a significant increase in intradermal permeation of imiquimod. Such enhancement occurs immediately upon microneedle application, generating an intradermal depot that persists for up to 24 h. Intradermal colocalization of isostearic acid, an excipient in the cream, with imiquimod within microneedle channels was also demonstrated. However, such enhancement in intradermal delivery of imiquimod was not observed when the patch-and-poke strategy was used with a non-oscillating microneedle applicator, the Dermastamp. The current work highlights that using the patch-and-poke approach with an oscillating microneedle pen may be a viable approach to improve the current treatment in BCC patients who would prefer a less invasive intervention relative to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akmal Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Ogilvie
- Walgreens Boots Alliance, Thane Road, Nottingham NG90 1BS, United Kingdom
| | - John McKenna
- Leicester Royal Infirmary University Hospitals Leicester Dermatology Department, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, United Kingdom
| | - Joel Segal
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG8 1BB, United Kingdom
| | - David Scurr
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Marlow
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, United Kingdom
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14
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Frank LA, Gazzi RP, Mello PA, Chaves P, Peña F, Beck RCR, Buffon A, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Anti-HPV Nanoemulsified-Imiquimod: A New and Potent Formulation to Treat Cervical Cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:54. [PMID: 31907712 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is associated with the human papilloma virus (HPV) and nowadays is the fourth most frequent cancer among women. One of the treatments for this disease is based on the application of imiquimod. In this study, we postulated that the use of imiquimod in nanoemulsion results in a better antitumoral effect than the drug administered in its nonencapsulated form for the treatment of cervical cancer. Permeability studies using vaginal mucosa, as membrane, and in vitro studies involving cervical cancer cells (viability, clonogenic assay, and cell death analysis) were performed. We showed that low amount of encapsulated imiquimod permeated the vaginal mucosa. However, a higher percentage of cells died after the treatment with low amount (3.0 μmol L-1) of the formulation compared to the free drug. In addition, the innovative formulation presented a combinatory mechanism of cell death involving autophagy and apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that the imiquimod-loaded nanoemulsioncan be an alternative product for the treatment of cervical cancer validating the hypothesis.
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15
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Sharma A, Sharma D, Baldi A, Jyoti K, Chandra R, Madan J. Imiquimod-oleic acid prodrug-loaded cream reduced drug crystallinity and induced indistinguishable cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mice melanoma tumour. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:759-774. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1677796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ashish Baldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Kiran Jyoti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Dr. B.R Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
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16
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Sharma M, Sharma G, Singh B, Katare OP. Stability Kinetics of Imiquimod: Development and Validation of an Analytical Method. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:583-591. [PMID: 31095670 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
For a new immune modulator imiquimod, various liquid chromatography methods have been described in literature but all of them are deficient in one or other aspects of complete method development. The present work intends to develop and validate the stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The isocratic flow of mobile phase comprising equal volume ratio of acetate buffer BP pH 3.7 and acetonitrile at the rate of 1.5 mL/min through the C-18 column at 25°C lead to elution of drug around 2.3 min when analyzed at 244 nm using UV-detector. The linear regression equation in calibration plot was y = 61632×-1224 with 0.9992 coefficient of determination (r2). The percent relative standard variation (% RSD) in peak area at low, mid and high region of linearity range was less than 5% in precision studies. The method was able to detect 0.039 μg/mL of drug but practical limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 1.5 μg/mL. The imiquimod molecule was stable in all except oxidizing conditions where it degraded into more polar molecule in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration dependent manner. Therefore, an analytical method capable of accurately and specifically estimating the drug in microgram range was successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.,UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - O P Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Afzali M, Mostafavi A, Shamspur T. Developing a novel sensor based on ionic liquid molecularly imprinted polymer/gold nanoparticles/graphene oxide for the selective determination of an anti-cancer drug imiquimod. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 143:111620. [PMID: 31454692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite its useful properties, imiquimod (IMQ), known as an anti-cancer drug, can be harmful to the skin at high concentrations. Therefore, we have developed a novel electrochemical sensor to determine IMQ, for the first time. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified by a new composite comprising of ionic liquid-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and gold nanoparticles/graphene oxide (Au/GO). The MIP/Au/GO nanocomposite was synthesized through non-covalent imprinting process in the presence of IMQ, as template molecule and characterized by SEM and FT-IR. The square wave voltammetry technique (SWV) was applied for IMQ determination in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.0. Several parameters affecting the IMQ quantification were evaluated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor presented a linear range of 0.02-20.0 μM, a limit of quantification and detection of 0.02 μM and 0.006 μM, respectively. Low RSD values indicate the good repeatability and reproducibility of the modified electrodes in preparation and determination procedures. The satisfactory results indicated that the proposed sensor could be successfully applied for IMQ determination in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Afzali
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ali Mostafavi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Shamspur
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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18
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Imiquimod-loaded nanocapsules improve cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cell line. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 136:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Balireddi V, Tirukkovalluri SR, Murthy Tatikonda K, Surikutchi BT, Mitra P. Development and Validation of Stability Indicating UPLC-PDA/MS for the Determination of Imiquimod and its Eight Related Substances: Application to Topical Cream. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:249-257. [PMID: 30566573 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A stability indicating analytical method for imiquimod and its related impurities was developed by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) using design of experiments. This method could quantify imiquimod and all its eight known related impurities in a single run. The optimum separation was achieved on reverse phase Acquity UPLC column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) using 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase. Preventing the use of ion pair reagents assured the compatibility of this method to liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry. All components were separated within 9 minutes, maintaining good resolution. The stability indicating nature of the developed method was assessed by analyzing the samples of imiquimod which were exposed to various environments such as acid, alkali, peroxide, light and heat. This method was found to be sensitive, precise and accurate. The method achieved the lower detection limit of 0.04 μg/mL and the quantification limit of 0.08 μg/mL for all analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venu Balireddi
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited, Bachupally, Survey No. 42, 45 & 46, Qutubullapur Mandal Hyderabad, India.,Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Chinna Waltair Main Road, South Campus, Andhra University, Vishakapatnam, India
| | - Siva Rao Tirukkovalluri
- Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Chinna Waltair Main Road, South Campus, Andhra University, Vishakapatnam, India
| | - Krishna Murthy Tatikonda
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited, Bachupally, Survey No. 42, 45 & 46, Qutubullapur Mandal Hyderabad, India
| | - Bhanu Teja Surikutchi
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited, Bachupally, Survey No. 42, 45 & 46, Qutubullapur Mandal Hyderabad, India
| | - Parmita Mitra
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited, Bachupally, Survey No. 42, 45 & 46, Qutubullapur Mandal Hyderabad, India
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20
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Peralta MF, Guzmán ML, Pérez AP, Apezteguia GA, Fórmica ML, Romero EL, Olivera ME, Carrer DC. Liposomes can both enhance or reduce drugs penetration through the skin. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13253. [PMID: 30185887 PMCID: PMC6125578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The adequate formulation of topical vehicles to treat skin diseases is particularly complex. A desirable formulation should enhance the accumulation of the active drugs in the target tissue (the skin), while avoiding the penetration enhancement to be so large that the drugs reach the systemic circulation in toxic amounts. We have evaluated the transcutaneous penetration of three drugs chosen for their widely variable physicochemical properties: Amphotericin B, Imiquimod and Indole. We incorporated the drugs in fluid or ultra-flexible liposomes. Ultra-flexible liposomes produced enhancement of drug penetration into/through human skin in all cases in comparison with fluid liposomes without detergent, regardless of drug molecular weight. At the same time, our results indicate that liposomes can impede the transcutaneous penetration of molecules, in particular small ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma F Peralta
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M Ferreyra - CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ma L Guzmán
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A P Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - G A Apezteguia
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Ma L Fórmica
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E L Romero
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Ma E Olivera
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D C Carrer
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M Ferreyra - CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Pereira MN, Matos BN, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Gelfuso GM. Development and validation of a simple chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of clindamycin phosphate and rifampicin in skin permeation studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:331-340. [PMID: 30025298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rifampicin (RIF) and clindamycin phosphate (CDM) are the main drugs currently used in combination to treat severe infectious diseases in hair follicles. This work describes a simple, rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of RIF and CDM in the different skin layers using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The efficient chromatographic separation of CDM and RIF was succeeded using a C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution using a mobile phase composed of 0.01 M phosphoric acid and methanol at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1. Determinations were performed using UV-vis detector at 200 nm and 238 nm for CDM and RIF, respectively. The method was precise, accurate and linear (r2 > 0.999) with regression curve in the concentration range from 0.5 to 20.0 μg mL-1 and recovery rates from the skin layers higher than 85%. The retention times for CDM and RIF were approximately 7.4 and 12.2 min, respectively. The presence of skin components did not interfere with the analysis. The validated method was therefore appropriate for quantification of both CDM and RIF and thus may be feasible to be used in skin permeation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira N Pereira
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Breno N Matos
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Lopez PA, Denny M, Hartmann AK, Alflen A, Probst HC, von Stebut E, Tenzer S, Schild H, Stassen M, Langguth P, Radsak MP. Transcutaneous immunization with a novel imiquimod nanoemulsion induces superior T cell responses and virus protection. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 87:252-259. [PMID: 28655469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a novel vaccination strategy utilizing the skin associated lymphatic tissue to induce immune responses. TCI using a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and the Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist imiquimod mounts strong CTL responses by activation and maturation of skin-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and their migration to lymph nodes. However, TCI based on the commercial formulation Aldara only induces transient CTL responses that needs further improvement for the induction of durable therapeutic immune responses. OBJECTIVE Therefore we aimed to develop a novel imiquimod solid nanoemulsion (IMI-Sol) for TCI with superior vaccination properties suited to induce high quality T cell responses for enhanced protection against infections. METHODS TCI was performed by applying a MHC class I or II restricted epitope along with IMI-Sol or Aldara (each containing 5% Imiquimod) on the shaved dorsum of C57BL/6, IL-1R, Myd88, Tlr7 or Ccr7 deficient mice. T cell responses as well as DC migration upon TCI were subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry. To determine in vivo efficacy of TCI induced immune responses, CTL responses and frequency of peptide specific T cells were evaluated on day 8 or 35 post vaccination and protection in a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection model was assessed. RESULTS TCI with the imiquimod formulation IMI-Sol displayed equal skin penetration of imiquimod compared to Aldara, but elicited superior CD8+ as well as CD4+ T cell responses. The induction of T-cell responses induced by IMI-Sol TCI was dependent on the TLR7/MyD88 pathway and independent of IL-1R. IMI-Sol TCI activated skin-derived DCs in skin-draining lymph nodes more efficiently compared to Aldara leading to enhanced protection in a LCMV infection model. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that IMI-Sol TCI can overcome current limitations of previous imiquimod based TCI approaches opening new perspectives for transcutaneous vaccination strategies and allowing the use of this enhanced cutaneous drug-delivery system to be tailored for the improved prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Aranda Lopez
- Third Department of Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Denny
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Hartmann
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Astrid Alflen
- Third Department of Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Esther von Stebut
- Department of Dermatology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Stassen
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter Langguth
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus P Radsak
- Third Department of Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Frank LA, Chaves PS, D'Amore CM, Contri RV, Frank AG, Beck RCR, Pohlmann AR, Buffon A, Guterres SS. The use of chitosan as cationic coating or gel vehicle for polymeric nanocapsules: Increasing penetration and adhesion of imiquimod in vaginal tissue. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 114:202-212. [PMID: 28161547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which is strongly related to cervical cancer, can be reduced by the topical application of imiquimod. Some strategies have been used to increase the adhesion and penetration of drugs through the vaginal mucosa. Two of them are the development of mucoadhesive semisolid formulations and the development of polymeric nanocarriers. In this paper, we hypothesize that the combined use of these two strategies results in a better performance of the formulation to retain imiquimod into the vaginal tissue. Aiming this, two different systems are proposed: (a) chitosan-coated poly(ε-caprolactone)-nanocapsules incorporated into hydroxyethylcellulose gel (HEC-NCimiq-chit), and (b) poly(ε-caprolactone)-nanocapsules incorporated into chitosan hydrogel (CHIT-NCimiq). These formulations were submitted to three main tests: mucoadhesivity by interaction, permeation and washability test (or retention test). We developed an integrative index that allows comparing the global performance of the proposed formulations by considering jointly the results of these three tests. Thus, when considered the integrative indexes for the formulations, our results show that CHIT-NCimiq presents the best performance for the treatment of HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza A Frank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paula S Chaves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camilo M D'Amore
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata V Contri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alejandro G Frank
- Departamento de Engenharia de Produção e Transportes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ruy C R Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia Buffon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia S Guterres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Nanocarriers enhance the transdermal bioavailability of resveratrol: In-vitro and in-vivo study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:650-656. [PMID: 27697739 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and assess the potential of nanostructured emulsion carriers for resveratrol topical application. Different compositions of resveratrol-loaded nanostructured emulsions were prepared using different types and amounts of surfactants and oily phases (isopropyl myristate and caproyl 90). The produced nanostructured emulsions were within the nanosized range 23.4-422.2nm with low viscosity range 2.15-17.53cps. The transdermal amount and deposition amount in the skin after 24 applications of resveratrol-loaded nanostructured emulsion were significantly increased about 896.2-fold and 10.2-fold respectively, when compared to the drug-saturated solution-treated group. Nanostructured emulsion containing IPM and low amounts of mixed surfactant of Tween80/Span 20 showed highest permeation capacity. In vivo study showed that the plasma concentration of resveratrol could be maintained at high levels for a long time after topical application of drug-loaded nanostructured emulsion. The histological examination demonstrated that the free drug- and drug-loaded nanostructured emulsion demonstrated considerably less irritation than the standard irritation group (0.8% paraformaldehyde-treated). The residual contents of resveratrol in the tested formulations after 3 months of storage at 25°C and 40°C were more than 99.97±3.90%. The results of present work confirm the high potential of nanostructured emulsion as carriers for drug topical application.
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25
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Novel Fish Oil-based Bigel System for Controlled Drug Delivery and its Influence on Immunomodulatory Activity of Imiquimod Against Skin Cancer. Pharm Res 2016; 34:36-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sponchiado RM, Cordenonsi LM, Wingert NR, Araujo BVD, Volpato NM. In vitro evaluation of cutaneous penetration of acyclovir from semisolid commercial formulations and relation with its effective antiviral concentration. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502016000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ângelo T, Cunha-Filho MSS, Gelfuso GM, Gratieri T. Chromatographic method for clobetasol propionate determination in hair follicles and in different skin layers. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ângelo
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics, School of Health Sciences; University of Brasilia; 70910-900 Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Marcílio S. S. Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics, School of Health Sciences; University of Brasilia; 70910-900 Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Guilherme M. Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics, School of Health Sciences; University of Brasilia; 70910-900 Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics, School of Health Sciences; University of Brasilia; 70910-900 Brasília DF Brazil
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Angelo T, Pires FQ, Gelfuso GM, da Silva JKR, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho MSS. Development and validation of a selective HPLC-UV method for thymol determination in skin permeation experiments. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1022:81-86. [PMID: 27085016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thymol is a natural monoterpene, whose antioxidant and antimicrobial properties suggest a potential use in topical formulations. A simple, precise and selective HPLC method for thymol determination in skin penetration studies was developed and validated in this paper. Separation was achieved with a RP-C18 column, mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile:water (35:65v/v), flow rate of 1.5mL/min, oven temperature at 40°C, injection volume of 30μL and UV detection at 278nm. The validation procedure certified the method was selective for thymol determination even when extracted from skin matrix extracts. It was also linear in a range from 0.5 to 15.0μg/mL, robust, precise and accurate, with recovery rates from the skin layers higher than 90%. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.05 and 0.14μg/mL, respectively. The method showed, therefore, to be adequate for use in further skin permeation studies employing thymol topical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Angelo
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Q Pires
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Joyce K R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Federal University of Para, 66075-970 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcílio S S Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Tsai MJ, Huang YB, Fang JW, Fu YS, Wu PC. Preparation and Characterization of Naringenin-Loaded Elastic Liposomes for Topical Application. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131026. [PMID: 26158639 PMCID: PMC4497736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive production of radical oxygen species in skin is a contributor to a variety of skin pathologies. Naringenin is a potent antioxidant. The purpose of the present study was to develop elastic liposomes for naringenin topical application. Naringenin-loaded elastic liposomes containing different amounts of Tween 80 and cholesterol were prepared. The physicochemical properties including vesicle size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, and permeability capacity were determined to evaluate the effect of components. The stability of formulation and skin irritation caused by drug-loaded elastic liposomes were also evaluated for assessment of the clinical utility of elastic liposomes. Saturated aqueous solution of naringenin and naringenin dissolved in 10% Tween 80 solution (5 mg/mL) were used as the control group. The result showed that in using elastic liposomes as carrier, the deposition amounts in the skin of naringenin were significantly increased about 7.3~11.8-fold and 1.2~1.9-fold respectively, when compared with the saturated aqueous solution and Tween 80 solution-treated groups. The level of drug was more than 98.89±3.90% after 3 months of storage at 4℃. In a skin irritation test, the result showed experimental formulation exhibit considerably less irritating than the positive control (paraformaldehyde-treated) group, suggesting its potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Medical College, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yaw-Bin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jhih-Wun Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail:
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Probing the effects of fish oil on the delivery and inflammation-inducing potential of imiquimod. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:131-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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31
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Haque T, Rahman KM, Thurston DE, Hadgraft J, Lane ME. Topical therapies for skin cancer and actinic keratosis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:279-89. [PMID: 26091570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of skin cancer and actinic keratosis (AK) has increased dramatically in recent years. Although many tumours are treated with surgery or radiotherapy topical therapy has a place in the management of certain superficial skin neoplasms and AK. This review considers skin physiology, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the relationship between AK and skin cancer and drugs administered topically for these conditions. The dermal preparations for management of NMSC and AK are discussed in detail. Notably few studies have examined drug disposition in cancerous skin or in AK. Finally, recent novel approaches for targeting of drugs to skin neoplasms and AK are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnuva Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Khondaker M Rahman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - David E Thurston
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Hadgraft
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Majella E Lane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
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Zhang W, Wang L, Yang T, Liu Y, Chen X, Liu Q, Jia J, Ma G. Immunopotentiator-Loaded Polymeric Microparticles as Robust Adjuvant to Improve Vaccine Efficacy. Pharm Res 2015; 32:2837-50. [PMID: 26017300 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adjuvants are required to ensure the efficacy of subunit vaccines. Incorporating molecular immunopotentiators within particles could overcome drawbacks of molecular adjuvants (such as solubility and toxicity), and improve adjuvanticity of particles, achieving stronger adjuvant activity. Aim of this study is to evaluate the adjuvanticity of immunopotentiator-loaded polymeric particles for subunit vaccine. METHODS PLGA microparticles (PMPs) and imiquimod (TLR-7 ligand)-loaded PLGA microparticles (IPMPs) were prepared by SPG premix membrane emulsification. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to their adjuvant activity, using ovalbumin and H5N1 influenza split vaccine as antigens. RESULTS Incorporating imiquimod into microparticles significantly improved the efficacy of PLGA microparticles in activating BMDCs and pMΦs, and antigen uptake by pMΦs was also promoted. IPMPs showed stronger adjuvanticity to augment OVA-specific immune responses than PMPs. IgG subclass profiles and cytokine secretion levels by splenocytes indicated that IPMPs elicited more Th1-polarized immune response, compared to PMPs. In vivo study using H5N1 influenza split vaccine as antigen also confirmed the effects of IPMPs on antigen-specific cellular immunity. CONCLUSIONS Considering adjuvanticity and safety profiles (PLGA and IMQ, both approved by FDA), we conclude that IMQ-loaded PLGA microparticles are promising robust adjuvant for subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
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Preparation and evaluation of submicron-carriers for naringenin topical application. Int J Pharm 2015; 481:84-90. [PMID: 25615985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Submicron emulsion system is one kind of submicron-carrier that can ensure close contact and increase the amount of drug transport into the skin. In the present study, naringenin was loaded into a submicron emulsion system for topical applications. The enhancement effect of drug permeability through skin, stability, and skin irritation of naringenin-loaded submicron emulsions were evaluated. The results showed that the transdermal amount and deposition amount in skin of naringenin from submicron emulsion formulations were significantly increased when compared to the control group of saturated aqueous solution of naringenin. The drug-loaded submicron emulsions showed thermodynamic stability after centrifugation and cooling-heating cycle tests. The level of drug was more than 98% after 3 months of storage at 25°C and 40°C. In skin irritation test, the result also demonstrated that naringenin-loaded submicron emulsion had less skin irritation, indicating that the formulation can possibly be developed for topical application.
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Vicente S, Peleteiro M, Gonzalez-Aramundiz JV, Díaz-Freitas B, Martínez-Pulgarín S, Neissa JI, Escribano JM, Sanchez A, González-Fernández Á, Alonso MJ. Highly versatile immunostimulating nanocapsules for specific immune potentiation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:2273-89. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a new core-shell type (nanocapsules) adjuvant system composed of squalene and polyglucosamine (PG) and to evaluate its immunostimulant capacity. Results: The defined PG nanocapsules exhibited the capacity to efficiently associate the selected antigens (recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen and hemagglutinin of influenza virus) onto their polymeric surface (70–75%), and the immunostimulant imiquimod within the oily core. The resulting nanovaccines, with a particle size of 200–250 nm and a positive zeta-potential (∼+60 mV), were able to significantly potentiate and modulate the immune response to the selected antigens upon intramuscular administration to mice. Their efficacy as novel adjuvants was attributed to their enhanced cell internalization and effective intracellular imiquimod/antigen delivery, together with their prolonged residence time at the injection site. Conclusion: The nanocapsules described herein have the capacity to enhance, prolong and modulate the immune response of subunit antigens and, therefore, they could be proposed as a platform for the codelivery of different antigens and immunostimulators. Original submitted 13 June 2013; Revised submitted 28 November 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicente
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Current affiliation: Exploratory Unit, Sanofi-Aventis R&D, 31036 Toulouse, France
| | - Mercedes Peleteiro
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, 36310, Campus Lagoas de Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jose V Gonzalez-Aramundiz
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belén Díaz-Freitas
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, 36310, Campus Lagoas de Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
| | - Susana Martínez-Pulgarín
- Alternative Gene Expression SL (ALGENEX), Centro Empresarial, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose I Neissa
- Department of Physiology, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jose M Escribano
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) Autovía A6 Km. 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research (IBIV), Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, 36310, Campus Lagoas de Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria J Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Stein P, Gogoll K, Tenzer S, Schild H, Stevanovic S, Langguth P, Radsak MP. Efficacy of imiquimod-based transcutaneous immunization using a nano-dispersed emulsion gel formulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102664. [PMID: 25025233 PMCID: PMC4099367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) approaches utilize skin associated lymphatic tissues to elicit specific immune responses. In this context, the imidazoquinoline derivative imiquimod formulated in Aldara applied onto intact skin together with a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope induces potent CTL responses. However, the feasibility and efficacy of the commercial imiquimod formulation Aldara is limited by its physicochemical properties as well as its immunogenicity. Methodology/Principal Findings To overcome these obstacles, we developed an imiquimod-containing emulsion gel (IMI-Gel) and characterized it in comparison to Aldara for rheological properties and in vitro mouse skin permeation in a Franz diffusion cell system. Imiquimod was readily released from Aldara, while IMI-Gel showed markedly decreased drug release. Nevertheless, comparing vaccination potency of Aldara or IMI-Gel-based TCI in C57BL/6 mice against the model cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope SIINFEKL, we found that IMI-Gel was equally effective in terms of the frequency of peptide-specific T-cells and in vivo cytolytic activity. Importantly, transcutaneous delivery of IMI-Gel for vaccination was clearly superior to the subcutaneous or oral route of administration. Finally, IMI-Gel based TCI was at least equally effective compared to Aldara-based TCI in rejection of established SIINFEKL-expressing E.G7 tumors in a therapeutic setup indicated by enhanced tumor rejection and survival. Conclusion/Significance In summary, we developed a novel imiquimod formulation with feasible pharmaceutical properties and immunological efficacy that fosters the rational design of a next generation transcutaneous vaccination platform suitable for the treatment of cancer or persistent virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Stein
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Gogoll
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Stevanovic
- Department of Immunology, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Langguth
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus P. Radsak
- Third Department of Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Vicente S, Peleteiro M, Díaz-Freitas B, Sanchez A, González-Fernández Á, Alonso MJ. Co-delivery of viral proteins and a TLR7 agonist from polysaccharide nanocapsules: a needle-free vaccination strategy. J Control Release 2013; 172:773-81. [PMID: 24076340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a new nanotechnology-based nasal vaccination concept intended to elicit both, specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The concept relies on the use of a multifunctional antigen nanocarrier consisting of a hydrophobic nanocore, which can allocate lipophilic immunostimulants, and a polymeric corona made of chitosan (CS), intended to associate antigens and facilitate their transport across the nasal mucosa. The Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, imiquimod, and the recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (HB), were selected as model molecules for the validation of the concept. The multifunctional nanocarriers had a nanometric size (around 200 nm), a high positive zeta potential (+45 mV) and a high antigen association efficiency (70%). They also exhibited the ability to enter macrophages in vitro and to effectively deliver the associated imiquimod intracellularly, as noted by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. IL-6 and TNF-α). However, the nanocarriers did not induce the in vitro activation of the complement cascade. Finally, the positive effect of the co-delivery of HB and imiquimod from the nanocapsules was evidenced upon intranasal administration to mice. The nanocapsules containing imiquimod elicited a protective immune response characterized by increasing IgG levels over time and specific immunological memory. Additionally, the levels of serum IgG subclasses (IgG1 and IgG2a) indicated a balanced cellular/humoral response, thus suggesting the capacity of the nanocapsules to modulate the systemic immune response upon nasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicente
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Huang YB, Huang CT, Tsou HY, Fu LT, Fu YS, Tsai YH, Wu PC. The transport effect of submicron emulsions on 5-flurouracil topical application. J Microencapsul 2013; 30:425-31. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2012.746748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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38
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Barth AB, Pereira RL, de Vargas BA, Volpato NM. A simple and rapid method to assess butenafine hydrochloride in skin samples and a comparative cutaneous retention study of two marketed formulations. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 25:1132-7. [PMID: 21337350 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the quantification of butenafine hydrochloride (BTF) present in the main skin layers was validated and a study conducted with the aim of analyzing the penetration and/or the permeation of the drug. The quantification was performed by liquid chromatography. To evaluate the specificity of the method, the influence of the components of the skin was analyzed, as well as the skin in contact with the excipient ingredients. Linearity was assessed with concentrations in the range of 0.1-10 μg/mL (r(2) = 0.9999) and ANOVA showed non-significant linear deviation (p > 0.05). Adequate results were obtained for repeatability, intra-day precision and accuracy. The obtained values for the limit of quantification and the limit of detection were 68.4 and 17.7 ng/mL, respectively. Also, a comparative study of BTF cutaneous penetration through porcine skin was performed applying two different formulations: Tefin, present in the Brazilian market, and Lotrimin Ultra(®) , available in the American market. No statistical difference was found in the skin (epidermis plus dermis) and in the epidermis (p > 0.05), although in the dermis the difference was significant (p < 0.05). During the experimental period (8 h), no drug permeation from either formulation was detected in the receptor fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bergesch Barth
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
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Praça FSG, Bentley MVLB, Lara MG, Pierre MBR. Celecoxib determination in different layers of skin by a newly developed and validated HPLC-UV method. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 25:1237-44. [PMID: 21308703 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and sensitive analytical procedure for the measurement of celecoxib (CXB) levels in skin samples after in vitro penetration studies was developed and validated. In vitro permeability studies in porcine skin were performed for quantification of CXB at different layers of skin, the stratum corneum (SC) and epidermis plus dermis (EP + D) as well as in the acceptor solution (AS) to assess CXB permeation through skin. CXB was quantified by HPLC using a C18 column and UV detection at 251 nm. The mobile phase was methanol-water 72:28 (v/v) and the flow-rate was 0.8 mL/min. The CXB retention time was 5 min. The assay was linear for CBX in the concentration range of 0.1-3.0 μg/mL in the AS (drug permeated through skin) and 5.0-50.0 μg/mL for drug retained in SC and [EP + D] in vitro. The linear correlation coefficients for the different calibration curves were equal or greater than 0.99. Intra- and inter-assay variabilities were below 8.0%. Extraction of CXB from skin samples showed recoveries higher than 95.0% after 15 min of ultrasonic sound and centrifugation at 2500 rpm for 3 min. The method was considered appropriate for the assay of CXB in skin samples, after in vitro cutaneous penetration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Silva Garcia Praça
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Moreira TS, Pereira de Sousa V, Pierre MBR. A novel transdermal delivery system for the anti-inflammatory lumiracoxib: influence of oleic acid on in vitro percutaneous absorption and in vivo potential cutaneous irritation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11:621-9. [PMID: 20373151 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be an interesting strategy for delivering these drugs to the diseased site, but it would be ineffective due to low skin permeability. We investigated whether oleic acid (OA), a lipid penetration enhancer in poloxamer gels named poloxamer-based delivery systems (PBDS), can improve lumiracoxib (LM) delivery to/through the skin. The LM partition coefficient (K) studies were carried out in order to evaluate the drug lipophilicity grade (K(octanol/buffer)), showing values >1 which demonstrated its high lipophilicity. Both in vitro percutaneous absorption and skin retention studies of LM were measured in the presence or absence of OA (in different concentrations) in PBDS using porcine ear skin. The flux of in vitro percutaneous absorption and in vitro retention of LM in viable epidermis increased in the presence of 10.0% (w/w) OA in 25.0% (w/w) poloxamer gel. In vivo cutaneous irritation potential was carried out in rabbits showing that this formulation did not provide primary or cumulative cutaneous irritability in animal model. The results showed that 25.0% poloxamer gel containing 10.0% OA is potential transdermal delivery system for LM.
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Lopes LB, Reed R. A simple and rapid method to assess lycopene in multiple layers of skin samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 24:154-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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