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Su S, Wu J, Gao Y, Luo Y, Yang D, Wang P. The pharmacological properties of chrysophanol, the recent advances. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110002. [PMID: 32066044 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a universal Chinese medicine, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was used for centuries in different fields including pharmaceutical, health care and cosmetics. Chrysophanol (Chr) is one of the most important anthraquinone components isolated from plants of the Rheum genus. Current reports show that in Rheum officinale, Chr is the most abundant free anthraquinone compound [1] and exerts a number of beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and anti-depressive effects and offers neuroprotection. We collected information about Chr from the Internet databases PubMed, Web of Science, Europe PMC and CNKI with a combination of keywords including "Chr", "Pharmacology", and "Pharmacokinetics". All data about this ingredient in this review were extracted from articles published before September 2019. Based on the literature found, we concluded that (1) Chr exhibited potential anti-inflammation, anti-cardiovascular disease (CVD)and anti-cancer activities by regulating signaling pathway transduction (NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, etc.); (2) compared with free Chr, pharmacokinetic studies revealed that other forms of Chr, such as nanoparticle-based and liposome-based Chr, showed high bioavailability. Nevertheless, we also found that the understanding of the exact differences in the regulation of multiple molecular signaling pathways is in a preliminary stage and needs to be clarified. Moreover, further studies are required to determine the apoptotic mechanism of Chr in cancer cells. Finally, we found that (3) structure modification studies demonstrated potential relationships between structure and drug activity. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pharmacological activities, intracorporal processes and structure-activity relationships of Chr and to provide an up-to-date reference for further research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yu Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Dong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Dong X, Zeng Y, Liu Y, You L, Yin X, Fu J, Ni J. Aloe-emodin: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics. Phytother Res 2019; 34:270-281. [PMID: 31680350 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aloe-emodin is a naturally anthraquinone derivative and an active ingredient of Chinese herbs, such as Cassia occidentalis, Rheum palmatum L., Aloe vera, and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Emerging evidence suggests that aloe-emodin exhibits many pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antivirus, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiparasitic, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. These pharmacological properties lay the foundation for the treatment of various diseases, including influenza virus, inflammation, sepsis, Alzheimer's disease, glaucoma, malaria, liver fibrosis, psoriasis, Type 2 diabetes, growth disorders, and several types of cancers. However, an increasing number of published studies have reported adverse effects of aloe-emodin. The primary toxicity among these reports is hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which are of wide concern worldwide. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that aloe-emodin has a poor intestinal absorption, short elimination half-life, and low bioavailability. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of aloe-emodin reported to date with an emphasis on its biological properties and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chen L, Zhao L, Cai W, Shao J, Huang X, Liu Y. An accurate and reproducible method for simultaneous determination of four flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. in rat plasma based on UHPLC Q-Exactive Mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetics study. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 33:e4447. [PMID: 30469166 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, it was revealed that ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. improved glucose tolerance, reduced hyperglycemia, and restored insulin levels in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to develop an accurate and sensitive UHPLC-MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids in EtOAc extracts of Kushen in rat plasma. Ethyl acetate-acetonitrile (2:1) was selected as the solvent to extract the four flavonoids from rat plasma. A BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with a C18 guard cartridge was chosen as the separation plant using a gradient elution with acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.1% formic acid (solvent B) in water. For all four analytes, the method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.991) in 1-500 ng/mL. The inter- and intra-day accuracy ranged from -13.78 to 7.19%, and the precision (RSD) was <8.75%. Recoveries of all four flavonoids ranged from 85.9 to 101.3%. According to the results of multitarget pharmacokinetic studies, four active flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Kushen have similar absorption kinetics but very different metabolic kinetics, and a double peak phenomenon was observed in the concentration-time curve of norkurarinone, which is different from the previous study. In conclusion, detection and multitarget pharmacokinetic studies successfully determined active flavonoids after oral administration of EtOAc extracts from Kushen by an efficient, sensitive and selective UHPLC-MS method, and the results may provide a foundation for future studies of Kushen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medical Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medical Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medical Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, China; Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medical Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ren YY, Gong HL, Tang WF, Wan MF, Huang X. [Effects of ranitidine on pharmacokinetics of rhein from Dachengqi Decoction in rats after oral administration]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 7:868-72. [PMID: 19747444 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20090913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of ranitidine on pharmacokinetics of rhein in rats after oral administration of Dachengqi Decoction (DCQD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine. METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into DCQD group and DCQD plus ranitidine group, and were orally administered with DCQD at a dose of 10 g/kg or DCQD (10 g/kg) combined with ranitidine (150 mg/kg), respectively. Blood samples were gathered after a series of time intervals. Metabolism of rhein was determined with a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with internal standard of 1, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone and the data were analyzed with DAS 2.1 program. The pharmacokinetic parameters were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic parameters of rhein in the DCQD group, including peak concentration (C(max)), area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), distribution phase half-life (t(1/2alpha)), elimination rate constant (K(10)) and central to peripheral transfer rate constant (K(12)), were significantly different to those in the DCQD plus ranitidine group (P<0.05, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the other parameters between the two groups. CONCLUSION Ranitidine can influence the pharmacokinetics of rhein in rats after oral administration of DCQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-yi Ren
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Tissue Pharmacology of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction in Experimental Acute Pancreatitis in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015. [PMID: 26199633 PMCID: PMC4493295 DOI: 10.1155/2015/283175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. The Chinese herbal medicine Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction (DCQD) can ameliorate the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the potential pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. This study explored the potential effective components and the pharmacokinetic characteristics of DCQD in target tissue in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats. Methods. Acute pancreatitis-like symptoms were first induced in rats and then they were given different doses of DCQD (6 g/kg, 12 g/kg, and 24 g/kg body weight) orally. Tissue drug concentration, tissue pathological score, and inflammatory mediators in pancreas, intestine, and lung tissues of rats were examined after 24 hours, respectively. Results. Major components of DCQD could be found in target tissues and their concentrations increased in conjunction with the intake dose of DCQD. The high-dose compounds showed maximal effect on altering levels of anti-inflammatory (interleukin-4 and interleukin-10) and proinflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6) and ameliorating the pathological damage in target tissues (P < 0.05). Conclusions. DCQD could alleviate pancreatic, intestinal, and lung injury by altering levels of inflammatory cytokines in AP rats with tissue distribution of its components.
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Wan JB, Bai X, Cai XJ, Rao Y, Wang YS, Wang YT. Chemical differentiation of Da-Cheng-Qi-Tang, a Chinese medicine formula, prepared by traditional and modern decoction methods using UPLC/Q-TOFMS-based metabolomics approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 83:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Huang L, Wang MH, Cheng ZY, Xue P, Jin T, Yang XN, Xia Q. Effects of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi decoction () on acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury in mice with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Chin J Integr Med 2012. [PMID: 23001459 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction (, CQCQD) on acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury in mice with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS: Thirty healthy mice were randomly divided into three groups: an ANP group (ANP+placebo, n=10); a treatment group (ANP+CQCQD, n=10); and a control group (normal mice+placebo, n=10). ANP was induced by intraperitoneal injection with 8% L-arginine (4 μg/kg), and the control group was injected with normal saline. The treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg), and the ANP and control groups received placebo (sucrose and starch) intragastrically at 2 h intervals. After the third intragastric administration, blood, pancreatic tissues and right lung tissues were collected for measurement of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in lung tissue was determined by Western blot analysis. Pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and lung tissue were examined. RESULTS: Serum IL-6 was significantly higher in the ANP group compared with the control and the treatment groups (1589.63±377.28 vs. 927.46±210.42 pg/mL, P<0.05, and 1589.63±377.28 vs. 1107.73±351.62 pg/mL, P<0.05, respectively). The IL-10 concentration was significantly lower in the ANP group compared with the treatment group (920.64±101.68 vs. 1177.84±201.72 pg/mL, P<0.05), but no signififi cant difference was found between the ANP and control groups and between the treatment and control groups. The expression level of HSP70 in the ANP and control groups was signififi cantly lower than in the treatment group (0.93±0.03 vs. 1.42±0.21, P<0.01, and 0.81±0.09 vs. 1.42±0.21, P<0.01, respectively). There was no signififi cant difference in HSP70 levels between the ANP and control groups. Histological scores of pancreatic and lung tissue were significantly decreased in the treatment group compared with the ANP groups (4.50±0.54 vs. 6.20±1.65, P<0.05, and 3.00±0.63 vs. 3.87±0.83, P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of acute pancreatitisassociated lung injury in ANP mice correlates positively with serum IL-6 concentration. CQCQD may inhibit IL-6 induction and increase IL-10 concentration and HSP70 expression, effectively reducing lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Hu CQ, Li F, Yang XW. Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic analysis of seven alkaloids and two flavonoids from rat plasma by HPLC-DAD after oral administration of Wuzhuyu decoction. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2012; 14:370-381. [PMID: 22375876 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.656093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic analysis of seven alkaloids dehydroevodiamine (DHED), 10-hydroxyrutaecarpine (HDR), evodiamine (EDM), rutaecarpine (RCP), 1-methyl-2-n-nonyl-4(1H)quinolone (MNQ), evocarpine (ECP), and dihydroevocarpine (DHE), and two flavonoids isorhamnetin-7-O-rutinoside (RIM) and diosmetin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (GRD) in rat plasma after oral administration of Wuzhuyu decoction. The flow rate was kept at 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength was set at 300 nm. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.5013-30.076 μg/ml for DHED, 0.2161-21.608 μg/ml for RIM, 0.161-12.876 μg/ml for HDR, 0.2146-21.457 μg/ml for GRD, 2.0464-40.928 μg/ml for EDM, 1.0398-31.194 μg/ml for RCP, 0.5970-35.818 μg/ml for MNQ, 0.8371-20.928 μg/ml for ECP, and 0.5167-31.003 μg/ml for DHE. The precision (relative standard deviation (RSD), %) for all was less than 10% and the accuracy (relative error (RE), %) was within ± 10%. The results demonstrated that the assay had remarkable reproducibility with acceptable accuracy and precision. The lower limit of quantifications for the compounds in plasma ranged from 0.12 to 0.23 μg/ml and the lower limit of detections ranged from 0.024 to 0.076 μg/ml. This validated method has been successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics study of seven alkaloids and two flavonoids after orally administrating the Wuzhuyu decoction to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Qin F, Huang J, Huang X, Ren P. SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION AND PHARMACOKINETIC COMPARISONS OF ALOE-EMODIN, RHEIN, EMODIN, AND CHRYSOPHANOL AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF THESE MONOMERS, RHEI RHIZOMA AND CHAIQIN-CHENGQI-TANG, TO RATS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.572211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qin
- a Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Huang
- b Key Unit of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gan of SATCM, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xi Huang
- a Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
- b Key Unit of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gan of SATCM, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Ping Ren
- b Key Unit of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gan of SATCM, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha, China
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Kong W, Xia X, Wang J, Zhou C, Fang F, Xing X, Jin C, Zhao Y, Zang Q, Xiao X. Solid-phase extraction and ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the gastrointestinal absorption of emodin in different digestive segments of rats. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:260-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Xu F, Liu Y, Dong H, Song R, Zhang Z. Pharmacokinetic Comparison in Rats of Six Bioactive Compounds between Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction and its Parent Herbal Medicines. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (DCQD) is a purgative compound prescription used in China and East Asia. In this paper, pharmacokinetic differences of six major active components (rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, magnolol, naringenin and hesperetin) between DCQD and its three constitutional herbal medicines i.e. Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Cortex Magnoliae officinalis and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were investigated in rats after oral administration. Plasma samples were analyzed for the quantification of the six active components using validated LC-MS/MS methods. Unpaired Student's t-test was used for statistical comparison. Significant differences ( p<0.05) in the main pharmacokinetic parameters for rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, magnolol, naringenin and hesperetin were found between DCQD and the decoction of its constitutional single herbal medicines, which demonstrated the presence of drug-drug interactions between these constitutional raw materials of DCQD occurring either in the procedure of decoction or during ADME process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, S'pore 117600, Singapore
| | - Haijuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Koyama J, Takeuchi A, Morita I, Nishino Y, Shimizu M, Inoue M, Kobayashi N. Characterization of emodin metabolites in Raji cells by LC–APCI-MS/MS. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7493-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Deng LH, Xiang DK, Xue P, Zhang HY, Huang L, Xia Q. Effects of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction on cefotaxime in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:4439-43. [PMID: 19764097 PMCID: PMC2747066 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.4439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction (CQCQD) on cefotaxime (CTX) concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).
METHODS: Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into an ANP group (ANP model + CTX, n = 20), treatment group (ANP model + CTX + CQCQD, n = 20) and control group (normal rats + CTX, n = 20). ANP models were induced by retrograde intraductal injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg), and the control group was injected intraductally with normal saline. All rats were injected introperitoneally with 0.42 g/kg CTX (at 12-h intervals for a continuous 72 h) at 6 h after intraductal injection. Meanwhile, the treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg) intragastrically at 8-h intervals, and the ANP and control group were treated intragastrically with normal saline. At 15 min after the last CTX injection, blood and pancreas samples were collected for the determination of CTX concentration using validated high-performance liquid chromatography. Pathological changes and wet-to-dry-weight (W/D) ratio of pancreatic tissue were examined.
RESULTS: Serum CTX concentrations in three groups were not significantly different. Pancreatic CTX concentration and penetration ratio were lower in ANP group vs control group (4.4 ± 0.6 μg/mL vs 18.6 ± 1.7 μg/mL, P = 0.000; 5% vs 19%, P = 0.000), but significantly higher in treatment group vs ANP group (6.4 ± 1.7 μg/mL vs 4.4 ± 0.6 μg/mL, P = 0.020; 7% vs 5%, P = 0.048). The histological scores and W/D ratio were significantly decreased in treatment group vs ANP and control group.
CONCLUSION: CQCQD might have a promotive effect on CTX concentration in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.
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Yu Q, Xiang J, Tang W, Liang M, Qin Y, Nan F. Simultaneous determination of the 10 major components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction in dog plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2025-31. [PMID: 19523886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the 10 major components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, rheochrysidin, naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, magnolol and honokiol) in dog plasma. Plasma samples were spiked with internal standard (ibuprofen), acidified with HCl and extracted twice by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate. Separation was performed on a YMC-Pack ODS-A C(18) column (5 microm, 150 mm x 4.6 mm) and a C(18) guard column (5 microm, 4.0 mm x 2.0 mm) with methanol-water (92:8, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The LC/MS system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization in the negative ion mode. All analytes showed good linearity over a wide concentration range (r>0.99). The linear range of the calibration curves was 5000-19.53 ng/mL for rhein; 400-3.13 ng/mL for emodin; 800-3.13 ng/mL for aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, magnolol and honokiol; 160-0.63 ng/mL for rheochrysidin. The lower limit of quantification was: 19.53 ng/mL for rhein; 3.13 ng/mL for emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, magnolol and honokiol; 0.6 3 ng/mL for rheochrysidin. The overall mean accuracy for the 10 major components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction was 90.40-108.60%. Intra-day and inter-day precision was < or =12.43% and < or =11.32%, respectively. We conclude that this method is appropriate for simultaneous determination of the 10 major components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction in dog plasma and the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction in dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Deng LH, Xia Q. Value of pancreatic antibiotic concentration in treatment of secondary infection of serve acute pancreatitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:3077-3082. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i27.3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary pancreatic infection represents the most serious complication with fatal outcome in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Preventing and curing secondary infection of pancreas is the key obstacle to minimize the mortality of these patients. The studies on blood-pancreatic juice barrier as well as penetration and pancreatic tissue concentration of antibiotics have improved the antibiotic prophylaxis or treatment of pancreatic infection. In the future, potential therapeutics that can enhance the antibiotic concentration and efficacy may help to prevent and treat the secondary infection of SAP.
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Tang WF, Wan MH, Huang QR, Zhu ZY, Zhao JL, Wu YZ, Huang X. Effect of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction on the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:851-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Xu F, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Song R, Dong H, Tian Y. Rapid simultaneous quantification of five active constituents in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry after oral administration of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:586-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tang W, Wan M, Zhu Z, Chen G, Huang X. Simultaneous determination of eight major bioactive compounds in Dachengqi Tang (DT) by high-performance liquid chromatography. Chin Med 2008; 3:5. [PMID: 18445276 PMCID: PMC2383911 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dachengqi Tang (DT) is a common traditional Chinese medicine formula for expelling neire ('internal heat') in the stomach and intestines. There was no reliable analytical method available for the quality control of DT. Methods A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a reverse phase C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm) was developed. The mobile phase was methanol with 0.2% acetic acid. Eight markers including naringin, hesperidin, aloe emodin, rhein, honokiol, magnolol, emodin and chrysophanol were determined. Results Regression analysis revealed a linear relationship between the concentrations of the markers and the peak area ratio of the standards and internal standard. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) and the limit of qualification (RSD < 20%) ranged from 0.21 to 0.43 ng/μl and 0.76 to 1.74 ng/μl respectively. The recovery was between 95.6% and 103.4%. The tests on the samples from three batches of DT showed that the profiles of the markers did not vary significantly among batches. Conclusion A reliable HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the eight markers in DT was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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