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Hu M, Tang Z, Li H, Lei Q, Xu Q, Su J, Huang Y, Chen S, Chen H. Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on axonal regeneration in the corticospinal tract of female rats with spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 411:110267. [PMID: 39191303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the potential of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to enhance spinal cord axon regeneration by modulating corticospinal pathways and improving motor nerve function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). NEW METHOD TMS is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that generates a magnetic field to activate neurons in the brain, leading to depolarization and modulation of cortical activity. Initially utilized for brain physiology research, TMS has evolved into a diagnostic and prognostic tool in clinical settings, with increasing interest in its therapeutic applications. However, its potential for treating motor dysfunction in SCI has been underexplored. RESULTS The TMS intervention group exhibited significant improvements compared to the control group across behavioral assessments, neurophysiological measurements, pathological analysis, and immunological markers. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Unlike most studies that focus on localized spinal cord injury or muscle treatments, this study leverages the non-invasive, painless, and highly penetrating nature of TMS to focus on the corticospinal tracts, exploring its therapeutic potential for SCI. CONCLUSIONS TMS enhances motor function recovery in rats with SCI by restoring corticospinal pathway integrity and promoting axonal regeneration. These findings highlight TMS as a promising therapeutic option for SCI patients with currently limited treatment alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Zewen Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Anqing Medical College, Anqing 246000, PR China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qingqin Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Junhong Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Hemu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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Wang X, Li Y, Li R, Yuan L, Hua Y, Cai Y, Liu X. Low-frequency RTMS attenuates social impairment in the VPA-induced mouse model. Behav Brain Res 2024; 472:115156. [PMID: 39032867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive behaviors. Despite its prevalence, effective treatments remain elusive. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the balance between GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal synaptic functions in ASD development. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) is a painless and effective treatment allowed for use in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, its efficacy in treating autism is still under investigation. Low-frequency RTMS (LF-RTMS), which shows promise in reducing autism-like behaviors, is considered to regulate synaptic function. OBJECTIVE We observed and recorded the behaviors of mice to assess the impact of RTMS on their social interactions and repetitive activities. Subsequently, we examined GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal markers along with synaptic marker proteins to understand the underlying changes associated with these behaviors. METHODS To evaluate behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), several behavioral tests were conducted, focusing on sociability, repetitive behaviors, locomotion, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were employed to investigate the activity of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the hippocampus, aiming to understand the synaptic mechanisms underlying these behaviors. RESULTS LF-RTMS treatment effectively relieved the social disability and normalized synaptic function in the hippocampus of ASD mice model induced by valproate (VPA). Importantly, this treatment did not lead to any adverse effects on repetitive behavior, locomotion, anxiety, or depression. CONCLUSION LF-RTMS attenuated social disability without affecting repetitive behavior, locomotion, anxiety, or depression. Changes in the expression of GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal synaptic proteins in the hippocampus were also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yanna Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linying Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yanfan Hua
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yulong Cai
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
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Lyu Z, Xiao G, Xie D, Huang D, Chen Y, Wu C, Lai Y, Song Z, Huang L, Ming H, Jiang Y, Wang J, Chen R, Luo W. The protective effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with different high frequencies on motor functions in MPTP/probenecid induced Parkinsonism mouse models. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3605. [PMID: 38956819 PMCID: PMC11219284 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) stimulating the primary motor cortex (M1) is an alternative, adjunctive therapy for improving the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether the high frequency of rTMS positively correlates to the improvement of motor symptoms of PD is still undecided. By controlling for other parameters, a disease animal model may be useful to compare the neuroprotective effects of different high frequencies of rTMS. OBJECTIVE The current exploratory study was designed to compare the protective effects of four common high frequencies of rTMS (5, 10, 15, and 20 Hz) and iTBS (a special form of high-frequency rTMS) and explore the optimal high-frequency rTMS on an animal PD model. METHODS Following high frequencies of rTMS application (twice a week for 5 weeks) in a MPTP/probenecid-induced chronic PD model, the effects of the five protocols on motor behavior as well as dopaminergic neuron degeneration levels were identified. The underlying molecular mechanisms were further explored. RESULTS We found that all the high frequencies of rTMS had protective effects on the motor functions of PD models to varying degrees. Among them, the 10, 15, and 20 Hz rTMS interventions induced comparable preservation of motor function through the protection of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. The enhancement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), dopamine transporter (DAT), and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT-2) and the suppression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the nigrostriatum were involved in the process. The efficacy of iTBS was inferior to that of the above three protocols. The effect of 5 Hz rTMS protocol was weakest. CONCLUSIONS Combined with the results of the present study and the possible side effects induced by rTMS, we concluded that 10 Hz might be the optimal stimulation frequency for preserving the motor functions of PD models using rTMS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimai Lyu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological DiseaseThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionAffiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Guodong Xiao
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological DiseaseThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Dingyi Xie
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionAffiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Dandan Huang
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesGannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Department of International Exchange and CooperationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Chunmei Wu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health & Health ManagementGannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Yanwei Lai
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Zitan Song
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Hui Ming
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Yichen Jiang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Jinwei Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouChina
- The Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Noninvasive NeuromodulationGanzhouChina
| | - Rixin Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionAffiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological DiseaseThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Zou H, Bao S, Chen X, Zhou X, Zhang S. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ameliorates memory impairment by inhibiting neuroinflammation in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion mice. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3618. [PMID: 39010692 PMCID: PMC11250728 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) has been found to ameliorate cognitive impairment. However, the effects of HF-rTMS remain unknown in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). AIM To investigate the effects of HF-rTMS on cognitive improvement and its potential mechanisms in CCH mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Daily HF-rTMS therapy was delivered after bilateral carotid stenosis (BCAS) and continued for 14 days. The mice were randomly assigned to three groups: the sham group, the model group, and the HF-rTMS group. The Y maze and the new object recognition test were used to assess cognitive function. The expressions of MAP-2, synapsis, Myelin basic protein(MBP), and brain-derived growth factors (BDNF) were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and western blot to evaluate neuronal plasticity and white matter myelin regeneration. Nissl staining and the expression of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were used to observe neuronal apoptosis. In addition, the activation of microglia and astrocytes were evaluated by fluorescence staining. The inflammation levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor(TNF)-α were detected by qPCR in the hippocampus of mice in each group. RESULTS Via behavioral tests, the BCAS mice showed reduced a rate of new object preference and decreased a rate of spontaneous alternations, while HF-rTMS significantly improved hippocampal learning and memory deficits. In addition, the mice in the model group showed decreased levels of MAP-2, synapsis, MBP, and BDNF, while HF-rTMS treatment reversed these effects. As expected, activated microglia and astrocytes increased in the model group, but HF-rTMS treatment suppressed these changes. HF-rTMS decreased BCAS-induced neuronal apoptosis and the expression of pro-apoptotic protein (Caspase-3 and Bax) and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). In addition, HF-rTMS inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). CONCLUSIONS HF-rTMS alleviates cognitive impairment in CCH mice by enhancing neuronal plasticity and inhibiting inflammation, thus serving as a potential method for vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zou
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience CenterSouthern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityNo. 13 Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu DistrictGuangzhou510315China
| | - Shilin Bao
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience CenterSourthern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityNo. 13 Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu DistrictGuangzhou510315China
| | - Xinrun Chen
- Department of NeurologyGeneral Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Chinese People's Liberation ArmyGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience CenterSouthern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityNo. 13 Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu DistrictGuangzhou510315China
| | - Shaotian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience CenterSourthern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityNo. 13 Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu DistrictGuangzhou510315China
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Zhu Y, Huang H, Chen Z, Tao Y, Liao LY, Gao SH, Wang YJ, Gao CY. Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Attenuates Cognitive Deficits and Alzheimer's Disease-Type Pathologies via ISCA1-Mediated Mitochondrial Modulation in APP/PS1 Mice. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:182-200. [PMID: 37578635 PMCID: PMC10838862 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a time-saving and cost-effective repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regime, has been shown to improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the specific mechanism underlying iTBS-induced cognitive enhancement remains unknown. Previous studies suggested that mitochondrial functions are modulated by magnetic stimulation. Here, we showed that iTBS upregulates the expression of iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 (ISCA1, an essential regulatory factor for mitochondrial respiration) in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that iTBS modulates mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly to facilitate mitochondrial respiration and function, which is required for ISCA1. Moreover, iTBS rescues cognitive decline and attenuates AD-type pathologies in APP/PS1 mice. The present study uncovers a novel mechanism by which iTBS modulates mitochondrial respiration and function via ISCA1-mediated iron-sulfur cluster assembly to alleviate cognitive impairments and pathologies in AD. We provide the mechanistic target of iTBS that warrants its therapeutic potential for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Special Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ling-Yi Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Shi-Hao Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Chang-Yue Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Zhang S, Zou H, Zou X, Ke J, Zheng B, Chen X, Zhou X, Wei J. Transcriptome Sequencing of CeRNA Network Constructing in Status Epilepticus Mice Treated by Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:316-326. [PMID: 37133759 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that great progress was recently made in the treatment of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for neurological and psychiatric diseases. This study aimed to address how rTMS exerted it therapeutic effects by regulating competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA. The distinction of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression in male status epilepticus (SE) mice treated by two different ways, low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) vs. sham rTMS, was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out. Gene-Gene Cross Linkage Network was established; pivotal genes were screened out. qRT-PCR was used to verify gene-gene interactions. Our results showed that there were 1615 lncRNAs, 510 mRNAs, and 17 miRNAs differentially which were expressed between the LF-rTMS group and the sham rTMS group. The expression difference of these lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs by microarray detection were consistent with the results by qPCR. GO functional enrichment showed that immune-associated molecular mechanisms, biological processes, and GABA-A receptor activity played a role in SE mice treated with LF-rTMS. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were correlated to T cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immune deficiency and Th17 cell differentiation signaling pathway. Gene-gene cross linkage network was established on the basis of Pearson's correlation coefficient and miRNA. In conclusion, LF-rTMS alleviates SE through regulating the GABA-A receptor activity transmission, improving immune functions, and biological processes, suggesting the underlying ceRNA molecular mechanisms of LF-rTMS treatment for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Huihui Zou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaopei Zou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqia Ke
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bofang Zheng
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinrun Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Special Medical Service Center, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.13 Shi Liu Gang Rd, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiana Wei
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, No.250 East Changgang Rd, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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Wang C, Zeng Q, Yuan Z, Wang W, Shen M. Effects of Low-Frequency (0.5 Hz) and High-Frequency (10 Hz) Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Neurological Function, Motor Function, and Excitability of Cortex in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Neurologist 2023; 28:11-18. [PMID: 35452441 PMCID: PMC9812416 DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique. The purpose of our study is to explore the effects of low-frequency (0.5 Hz) and high-frequency (10 Hz) rTMS on neurological function, motor function, and excitability of cortex in Chinese ischemic stroke patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 240 ischemic stroke patients were collected. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), motor-evoked potential (MEP) cortical latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT), Fugel-Meyer assessment (FMA), Berg balance scale (BBS), and modified Barthel index (MBI) scores were recorded. RESULTS After treatment, the NIHSS, mRS, MEP cortical latency, CMCT, FMA, BBS, and MBI scores of the high-frequency group and low-frequency group were significantly improved than the sham stimulation group, and the changes in the low-frequency group were more significant (adjusted P <0.05). Compared with the sham stimulation group, high-frequency stimulation reduced the NIHSS score by 9.5%, mRS score by 12.6%, MEP latency by 2.5%, and CMCT by 5.8%, and increased the upper limb FMA scale by 16.4%, lower limb FMA scale by 8.8%, BBS by 26.3%, and MBI by 9.3%, while low-frequency stimulation reduced the NIHSS score by 23.8%, mRS score by 25.3%, MEP Latency by 11.7%, and CMCT by 9.1%, and increased the upper limb FMA scale by 24.1%, lower limb FMA scale by 18.4%, BBS by 27.4%, and MBI by 23.7% in our cohort. CONCLUSIONS Low-frequency rTMS is better than high-frequency rTMS stimulation in improving neurological function, motor function, and excitability of cortex in ischemic stroke.
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Yoshikawa T, Higuchi H, Furukawa R, Tateno T. Temporal and spatial profiles of evoked activity induced by magnetic stimulation using millimeter-sized coils in the mouse auditory cortex in vivo. Brain Res 2022; 1796:148092. [PMID: 36115587 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a minimally/non-invasive method of electromagnetic stimulation of brain tissue, has been shown to be beneficial in clinical therapy for specific neurological diseases and disorders. Magnetic stimulation is also used to modulate human and animal brain activity in basic neuroscience studies. Among experimental animal models, mouse models are particularly popular and uniquely representative of brain disorders in basic neuroscience research. TMS in mouse models may play a substantial role in understanding TMS-induced changes in neural networks and plasticity. Although TMS techniques are widely used to examine rodent disease models, techniques specific for mice using small magnetic stimulators have not been intensively developed. Here, we provide a numerical simulation and a practical method of applying TMS to mice by constructing millimeter-sized TMS coils to deliver a low stimulation intensity while maintaining focality. Our results indicate the TMS coils can produce an electrical field with sufficient magnitude to activate the anesthetized mouse cortex in the presence and absence of the skull in vivo. Our results also show that, immediately after magnetic stimulation, local field and action potentials were reliably observed in a manner that depended on the distance between the coil and the brain, implying even a small coil could reliably evoke cortical activity. Therefore, our results show our millimeter-sized coils could produce electric fields sufficient to alter cortical excitability in mice. These coils could be useful in future preclinical studies to examine detailed mechanisms underlying TMS-induced changes in neural activity of the auditory cortex and other cortical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshikawa
- Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0814, Japan
| | - Hisaya Higuchi
- Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0814, Japan
| | - Ryo Furukawa
- Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0814, Japan
| | - Takashi Tateno
- Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0814, Japan.
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Jo S, Hee Im S, Seo D, Ryu H, Hoon Kim S, Baek D, Baek A, Cho SR. Low-frequency repetitive magnetic stimulation suppresses neuroblastoma progression by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wang L, Zhou Y, Chen X, Liu J, Qin X. Long-term iTBS promotes neural structural and functional recovery by enhancing neurogenesis and migration via miR-551b-5p/BDNF/TrkB pathway in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2022; 184:46-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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High frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation promotes long lasting phrenic motoneuron excitability via GABAergic networks. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2021; 292:103704. [PMID: 34058433 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising, innovative, and non-invasive therapy used clinically. Efficacy of rTMS has been demonstrated to ameliorate psychiatric disorders and neuropathic pain through neuromodulation of affected neural circuits. However, little is known about the mechanisms and the specific neural circuits via which rTMS facilitates these functional effects. The aim of this study was to begin revealing the mechanisms by which rTMS may tap into existing neural circuits, by using a well characterized spinal motor circuit - the phrenic circuit. Here we hypothesized that rTMS can be used to enhance phrenic motoneuron excitability in anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. Multiple acute rTMS protocols were used revealing 10 Hz rTMS protocol induced a robust, long-lasting increase in phrenic motoneuron excitability, functionally evaluated by diaphragm motor evoked potentials (59.1 ± 21.1 % of increase compared to baseline 60 min after 10 Hz protocol against 6.0 ± 5.8 % (p = 0.007) for Time Control, -5.8 ± 7.4 % (p < 0.001) for 3 Hz, and 5.2 ± 12.5 % (p = 0.008) for 30 Hz protocols). A deeper analyze allowed to discriminate "responder" and "non-responder" subgroups among 10 Hz rTMS treated animals. Intravenous injections of GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists prior to 10 Hz rTMS treatment, abolished the enhanced phrenic motoneuron excitability, suggesting GABAergic input plays a mechanistic role in rTMS-induced phrenic excitability. These data demonstrate that a single high frequency rTMS protocol at 10 Hz increases phrenic motoneuron excitability, mediated by a local GABAergic "disinhibition". By understanding how rTMS can be used to affect neural circuits non-invasively we can begin to harness the therapeutic potential of this neuromodulatory strategy to promote recovery after disease or injury to the central nervous system.
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尹 晓, 徐 桂, 朱 海, 付 蕊, 李 洋, 丁 冲. [Effects of magnetic stimulation at different frequencies on neuronal excitability and voltage-gated potassium channels in vitro brain slices]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2021; 38:224-231. [PMID: 33913281 PMCID: PMC9927691 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202009047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As a noninvasive neuromodulation technique, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in the clinical treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases, but the mechanism of its action is still unclear. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of different frequencies of magnetic stimulation (MS) on neuronal excitability and voltage-gated potassium channels in the in vitro brain slices from the electrophysiological perspective of neurons. The experiment was divided into stimulus groups and control group, and acute isolated mice brain slices were applied to MS with the same intensity (0.3 T) at different frequencies (20 Hz and 0.5 Hz, 500 pulses) respectively in the stimulus groups. The whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the resting membrane potential (RMP), action potential (AP), voltage-gated potassium channels current of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells. The results showed that 20 Hz MS significantly increased the number of APs released and the maximum slope of a single AP, reduced the threshold of AP, half width and time to AP peak amplitude, and improved the excitability of hippocampal neurons. The peak currents of potassium channels were decreased, the inactivation curve of transient outward potassium channels shifted to the left significantly, and the time constant of recovery after inactivation increased significantly. 0.5 Hz MS significantly inhibited neuronal excitability and increased the peak currents of potassium channels, but the dynamic characteristics of potassium channels had little change. The results suggest that the dynamic characteristics of voltage-gated potassium channels and the excitability of hippocampal DG granule neurons may be one of the potential mechanisms of neuromodulation by MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓楠 尹
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室(天津 300130)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 桂芝 徐
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室(天津 300130)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 海军 朱
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室(天津 300130)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 蕊 付
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室(天津 300130)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 洋 李
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 冲 丁
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 天津市生物电工与智能健康重点实验室(天津 300130)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
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Chen X, Dong GY, Wang LX. High-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation protects APP/PS1 mice against Alzheimer's disease progress by reducing APOE and enhancing autophagy. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01740. [PMID: 32592331 PMCID: PMC7428505 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has clinically wide application prospect of psychiatry and neuroscience, for its painless, noninvasive, and high efficiency. So far, rTMS has been used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the underlying mechanism is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS The APP/PS1 mice at 3-month-old were treated by 5 Hz high-frequency (HF) rTMS for two weeks. After rTMS treatment, the AD-like cognitive impairments of APP/PS1 mice were investigated subsequently, and molecular mechanisms underlying was further explored. The study showed that the 2-week rTMS at 5Hz frequency improved cognitive impairments and AD-like pathology (including a decrease in p-Tau, APP, Aβ, and PP2A expression) of APP/PS1 mice. Although BDNF-TrkB signaling was significantly enhanced, no differences of SYN, PSD95 and p-AKT were observed in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. On the contrary, the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio was elevated with a significant reduction of ApoE and p62 in mice. CONCLUSIONS rTMS exerts a potentially protective role in the prevention and treatment of AD by reducing ApoE expression and promoting autophagic flux, which provides a new insight into the mechanism of rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Reproductive Medicine Centre, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ying Dong
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Reproductive Medicine Centre, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lin-Xiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Reproductive Medicine Centre, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Vittala A, Murphy N, Maheshwari A, Krishnan V. Understanding Cortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia With TMS/EEG. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:554. [PMID: 32547362 PMCID: PMC7270174 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In schizophrenia and related disorders, a deeper mechanistic understanding of neocortical dysfunction will be essential to developing new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. To this end, combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS/EEG) provides a non-invasive tool to simultaneously perturb and measure neurophysiological correlates of cortical function, including oscillatory activity, cortical inhibition, connectivity, and synchronization. In this review, we summarize the findings from a variety of studies that apply TMS/EEG to understand the fundamental features of cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. These results lend to future applications of TMS/EEG in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadith Vittala
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Atul Maheshwari
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vaishnav Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Zhang C, Lu R, Wang L, Yun W, Zhou X. Restraint devices for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice and rats. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01305. [PMID: 31033242 PMCID: PMC6576213 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been widely used for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Rodent animals including mice and rats are often used to investigate the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms for the therapeutic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. So far there is no report about an easy-to-use device to restrain rodent animals for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. METHODS AND RESULTS We introduced the design and use of the restraint device for mice or rats. In the mouse device, western blot and real-time PCR analysis showed that,in stimulated mouse frontal cortex, 10 Hz high frequency stimulation for 10 sessions resulted in enhanced expression of NR2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors and reduced α1 subunit of inhibitory GABAA receptors, whereas 0.5 Hz low frequency stimulation for 10 sessions caused decreased expression of NR2B subunit and increased α1 subunit of GABAA receptors. In the rat device, measures of motor evoke potentials indicated that 10 Hz stimulation for 10 sessions increased the excitability of stimulated cortex, whereas 0.5 Hz for 10 sessions reduced it. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested the effectiveness of the devices. Thus, the two devices are practical and easy-to-use to investigate the mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Rulan Lu
- Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Yun
- Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, The affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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