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Dai WB, Zhang X, Jiang XL, Zhang YZ, Chen LK, Tian WT, Zhou XX, Sun XY, Huang LL, Gu XY, Chen XM, Wu XD, Tian J, Yu WF, Shen L, Su DS. The kynurenine pathway regulated by intestinal innate lymphoid cells mediates postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00095-3. [PMID: 39251184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent neurological complication that can impair learning and memory for days, months, or even years after anesthesia/surgery. POCD is strongly associated with an altered composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis), but the accompanying metabolic changes and their role in gut-brain communication and POCD pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, the present study reports that anesthesia/surgery in aged mice induces elevated intestinal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and activity, which shifts intestinal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism toward more IDO-catalyzed kynurenine (KYN) and less gut bacteria-catabolized indoleacetic acid (IAA). Both anesthesia/surgery and intraperitoneal KYN administration induce increased KYN levels that correlate with impaired spatial learning and memory, whereas dietary IAA supplementation attenuates the anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive impairment. Mechanistically, anesthesia/surgery increases interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) in the small intestine lamina propria and elevates intestinal IDO expression and activity, as indicated by the higher ratio of KYN to TRP. The IDO inhibitor 1-MT and antibodies targeting IFN-γ or ILCs mitigate anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction, suggesting that intestinal ILC1 expansion and the ensuing IFN-γ-induced IDO upregulation may be the primary pathway mediating the shift to the KYN pathway in POCD. The ILC1-KYN pathway in the intestine could be a promising therapeutic target for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Bing Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xu-Liang Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yi-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Ling-Ke Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wei-Tian Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xi-Yao Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Lei Shen
- Shanghai institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, and Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dian-San Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Weinstein JJ, Moeller SJ, Perlman G, Gil R, Van Snellenberg JX, Wengler K, Meng J, Slifstein M, Abi-Dargham A. Imaging the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter in Schizophrenia: A Positron Emission Tomography Study Using [ 18F]-VAT. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 96:352-364. [PMID: 38309322 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite longstanding interest in the central cholinergic system in schizophrenia (SCZ), cholinergic imaging studies with patients have been limited to receptors. Here, we conducted a proof-of-concept positron emission tomography study using [18F]-VAT, a new radiotracer that targets the vesicular acetylcholine transporter as a proxy measure of acetylcholine transmission capacity, in patients with SCZ and explored relationships of vesicular acetylcholine transporter with clinical symptoms and cognition. METHODS A total of 18 adult patients with SCZ or schizoaffective disorder (the SCZ group) and 14 healthy control participants underwent a positron emission tomography scan with [18F]-VAT. Distribution volume (VT) for [18F]-VAT was derived for each region of interest, and group differences in VT were assessed with 2-sample t tests. Functional significance was explored through correlations between VT and scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and a computerized neurocognitive battery (PennCNB). RESULTS No group differences in [18F]-VAT VT were observed. However, within the SCZ group, psychosis symptom severity was positively associated with VT in multiple regions of interest, with the strongest effects in the hippocampus, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum, and cortex. In addition, in the SCZ group, working memory performance was negatively associated with VT in the substantia innominata and several cortical regions of interest including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS In this initial study, the severity of 2 important features of SCZ-psychosis and working memory deficit-was strongly associated with [18F]-VAT VT in several cortical and subcortical regions. These correlations provide preliminary evidence of cholinergic activity involvement in SCZ and, if replicated in larger samples, could lead to a more complete mechanistic understanding of psychosis and cognitive deficits in SCZ and the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi J Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Roberto Gil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jared X Van Snellenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jiayan Meng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Mark Slifstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos School of Medicine and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
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Liu XX, Yang QX, Guo Y, He M, Yu ZH, Tian Q, Zhu ZQ. Cognitive impairment induced by sevoflurane anesthesia is mediated by the cholinergic system after gastrointestinal surgery in older patients: A randomized, controlled trial. IBRAIN 2022; 10:366-374. [PMID: 39346789 PMCID: PMC11427797 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Delayed neurocognitive recovery after surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, its mechanism of action remains controversial and complex. A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. Older patients (aged 65 years and older) who underwent gastrointestinal surgery were randomly divided into sevoflurane-based or propofol-based anesthesia groups. The Mini-Mental State Examination was performed to evaluate cognitive function. Peripheral venous blood was collected to test the levels of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase. A total of 75 patients were enrolled and 30 patients in each group completed the study. On Day 1 postoperation, patients in the sevoflurane group showed worse performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination than patients in the propofol group. Lower blood choline acetyltransferase concentrations and higher acetylcholinesterase concentrations were observed in patients who had sevoflurane anesthesia than in patients who had propofol anesthesia 1 day postoperative. At 3 days postoperation, patients with sevoflurane- or propofol-based general anesthesia did not differ regardless of Mini-Mental State Examination score or choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase levels. Sevoflurane-based anesthesia has short-term delayed neurocognitive recovery in older surgical patients, which may be related to central cholinergic system degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou P.R. China
| | - Qing-Xu Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou P.R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou P.R. China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Anesthesiology Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University Chengdu Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Zhen-He Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou P.R. China
| | - Qi Tian
- Baylor St Luke's Hospital Houston Medical Center Sugarland Texas USA
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou P.R. China
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Ketamine administration ameliorates anesthesia and surgery‑induced cognitive dysfunction via activation of TRPV4 channel opening. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:478. [PMID: 35761804 PMCID: PMC9214599 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Huang L, Tian W, Chen X, Xu H, Dai W, Zhang Y, Wu X, Yu W, Tian J, Su D. Peripheral Neutrophils-Derived Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 Induces Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:683295. [PMID: 35273488 PMCID: PMC8902411 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.683295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is one of the most important risk factors of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD); however, the mechanisms are still not completely understood. In this study, we explore the roles of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in aged mice with POCD. Methods Appendectomy was performed in 18-month-old C57BL/6 and MMP-9–/– mice under anesthesia to establish the POCD model. Learning and memory were assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) or Barnes maze. Protein expression of MMP-9 was measured by Western blotting or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To explore the role of neutrophils-derived MMP-9 in POCD, we treated mice with anti-Gr-1 monoclonal antibody to deplete peripheral neutrophils. And the percentage of neutrophils and other leukocytes were detected by flow cytometry. We further used sodium fluorescein (NaFlu) to evaluate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Results The spatial learning and memory ability was injured, and expression of MMP-9 increased in both plasma and the hippocampus after anesthesia/surgery. However, cognitive dysfunction was alleviated in both MMP-9–/– and peripheral neutrophils-depleted mice. The permeability of BBB was increased after anesthesia/surgery while recused by anti-Gr-1 antibody administration. Conclusion These findings suggest that peripheral neutrophils-derived MMP-9 could lead to POCD of aged mice through increasing the BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitian Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanbing Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Diansan Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Diansan Su,
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Wang XQ, Li H, Li XN, Yuan CH, Zhao H. Gut-Brain Axis: Possible Role of Gut Microbiota in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:745774. [PMID: 35002672 PMCID: PMC8727913 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.745774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is becoming a severe social phenomenon globally, and the improvements in health care and increased health awareness among the elderly have led to a dramatic increase in the number of surgical procedures. Because of the degenerative changes in the brain structure and function in the elderly, the incidence of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is much higher in elderly patients than in young people following anesthesia/surgery. PND is attracting more and more attention, though the exact mechanisms remain unknown. A growing body of evidence has shown that the gut microbiota is likely involved. Recent studies have indicated that the gut microbiota may affect postoperative cognitive function via the gut-brain axis. Nonetheless, understanding of the mechanistic associations between the gut microbiota and the brain during PND progression remains very limited. In this review, we begin by providing an overview of the latest progress concerning the gut-brain axis and PND, and then we summarize the influence of perioperative factors on the gut microbiota. Next, we review the literature on the relationship between gut microbiota and PND and discuss how gut microbiota affects cognitive function during the perioperative period. Finally, we explore effective early interventions for PND to provide new ideas for related clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - Cong-Hu Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
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Chen C, Wang Y, Rao J, Tang W, Wu W, Li Y, Xu G, Zhong W. Propofol Versus Sevoflurane General Anaesthesia for Selective Impairment of Attention Networks After Gynaecological Surgery in Middle-Aged Women: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:917766. [PMID: 35911222 PMCID: PMC9330155 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Attention is an essential component of cognitive function that may be impaired after surgery with anaesthesia. Propofol intravenous anaesthesia and sevoflurane inhalational anaesthesia are frequently used in gynaecological surgery. However, which type of anaesthetic has fewer cognitive effects postoperatively remains unclear. We compared the differences in attention network impairment after surgery in women receiving propofol versus sevoflurane general anaesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty-three patients with gynaecological diseases who were 40-60 years of age were involved in the study. All patients underwent elective gynaecological surgery under either total intravenous anaesthesia or sevoflurane inhalational anaesthesia, depending on randomisation. The efficiencies of the three attention networks were captured using the attention network test preoperatively and on the 1st and 5th postoperative days. RESULTS Both groups of patients showed differences in impairments on the 1st and 5th postoperative days. Pairwise comparisons indicated that the alerting and orienting networks of patients in the propofol group were impaired to a greater extent than those of patients in the sevoflurane group on the 1st postoperative day, while the executive control network was impaired to a lesser extent. On the 5th postoperative day, the alerting networks of both groups recovered to the baseline level. Patients in the propofol group still showed impairment of the orienting network, while patients in the sevoflurane group recovered to baseline. For the executive control network, patients in the sevoflurane group still exhibited more severe impairment than those in the propofol group. CONCLUSION In middle-aged women, propofol impaired orienting and alerting networks more than sevoflurane, while sevoflurane showed more residual impairment of the executive control network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuxue Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Rao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weixiang Tang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanhai Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanghong Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Zhong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhu H, Cong L, Chen Y, Chen S, Chen L, Huang Z, Zhou J, Xiao J, Huang Y, Su D. Efficiency of donepezil in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery due to underlying post-operative cognitive dysfunction: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:688. [PMID: 34627332 PMCID: PMC8501596 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is an overarching term used to describe cognitive impairment identified in the preoperative or post-operative period. After surgical operations, older patients are particularly vulnerable to memory disturbances and other types of cognitive impairment. However, the pathogenesis of POCD remains unclear with no confirmed preventable or treatable strategy available. Our previous study demonstrated that the concentration of choline acetyl transferase in the cerebral spinal fluid was a predictive factor of POCD and that donepezil, which is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in clinical settings for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, can prevent learning and memory impairment after anaesthesia/surgery in aged mice. This study aimed to determine the critical role of donepezil in preventing cognitive impairment in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. METHODS A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial will be performed to assess the efficacy of donepezil in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. Participants (n = 360) will receive donepezil (5 mg once daily) or placebo from 1 day prior to surgery until 5 days after surgery. Neuropsychological tests will be measured at 1 day before the operation and 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after the operation. DISCUSSION This research project mainly aimed to study the effects of donepezil in elderly patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery due to underlying POCD and to investigate the underlying physiological and neurobiological mechanisms of these effects. The results may provide important implications for the development of effective interfering strategies, specifically regarding cognitive dysfunction therapy using drugs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04423276 . Registered on 14 June 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Cong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shaoyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lingke Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhenling Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yonglei Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Diansan Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Heinrich M, Müller A, Lammers-Lietz F, Borchers F, Mörgeli R, Kruppa J, Zacharias N, Winterer G, Slooter AJC, Spies CD. Radiological, Chemical, and Pharmacological Cholinergic System Parameters and Neurocognitive Disorders in Older Presurgical Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1029-1036. [PMID: 32710543 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pre-existing neurocognitive disorder (NCD) is a relevant factor for the outcome of surgical patients. To improve understanding of these conditions, we investigated the association between parameters of the cholinergic system and NCD. METHOD This investigation is part of the BioCog project (www.biocog.eu), which is a prospective multicenter observational study including patients aged 65 years and older scheduled for elective surgery. Patients with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤23 points were excluded. Neurocognitive disorder was assessed according to the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. The basal forebrain cholinergic system volume (BFCSV) was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging, the peripheral cholinesterase (ChE) activities with point-of-care measurements, and anticholinergic load by analyzing the long-term medication with anticholinergic scales (Anticholinergic Drug Scale [ADS], Anticholinergic Risk Scale [ARS], Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale [ACBS]). The associations of BFCSV, ChE activities, and anticholinergic scales with NCD were studied with logistic regression analysis, adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS A total of 797 participants (mean age 72 years, 42% females) were included. One hundred and eleven patients (13.9%) fulfilled criteria for mild NCD and 82 patients (10.3%) for major NCD criteria. We found that AcetylChE activity was associated with major NCD (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: [U/gHB] 1.061 [1.010, 1.115]), as well as ADS score ([points] 1.353 [1.063, 1.723]) or ARS score, respectively ([points] 1.623 [1.100, 2.397]) with major NCD. However, we found no association between BFCSV or ButyrylChE activity with mild or major NCD. CONCLUSIONS AcetylChE activity and anticholinergic load were associated with major NCD. Future research should focus on the association of the cholinergic system and the development of postoperative delirium and postoperative NCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Heinrich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany
| | - Anika Müller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Florian Lammers-Lietz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Friedrich Borchers
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Rudolf Mörgeli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Jochen Kruppa
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany.,Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Norman Zacharias
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.,Pharmaimage Biomarker Solutions GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Arjen J C Slooter
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia D Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
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10
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Gökçek-Saraç Ç, Akçay G, Karakurt S, Ateş K, Özen Ş, Derin N. Possible effects of different doses of 2.1 GHz electromagnetic radiation on learning, and hippocampal levels of cholinergic biomarkers in Wistar rats. Electromagn Biol Med 2021; 40:179-190. [PMID: 33259237 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1851251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated whether short-term exposure to different doses of 2.1 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) has different effects on rats' behaviour and hippocampal levels of central cholinergic biomarkers. Animals were divided into three equal groups namely; group 1 was sham-exposed group, group 2-3 were exposed to 45 V/m and 65 V/m doses of 2.1 GHz frequency for 1 week respectively. Numerical dosimetry simulations were carried out. Object location and Y-maze were used as behavioural tasks. The protein and mRNA expression levels of AChE, ChAT, and VAChT, in the hippocampus were tested using Western Blotting and Real-Time PCR. The impairment performance of rats subjected to 65 V/m dose of 2.1 GHz RF-EMR in both object location and Y-maze tasks was observed. The hippocampal levels of AChE, ChAT, and VAChT, were significantly lower in rats exposed to 65 V/m dose of 2.1 GHz RF-EMR than others. The stronger effect of "65 V/m" dose on both rat's hippocampal-dependent behavioural performances and hippocampal levels of cholinergic biomarkers may be due to the stronger effect of "65 V/m" dose where rats' snouts were located at the nearest distance from the monopole antenna. Furthermore, the simulated SAR values were high for 65 V/m electric-field strengths. For the first time, we report the potential dose-dependent effects of short-term exposure to 2.1 GHz radiation on rat's behavioural performances as well as hippocampal levels of cholinergic biomarkers. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms by which RF-EMR influences the function of the central cholinergic system in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Gökçek-Saraç
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Güven Akçay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Serdar Karakurt
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University , Konya, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Ateş
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Özen
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Narin Derin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey
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11
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Wang Z, Liu T, Yin C, Li Y, Gao F, Yu L, Wang Q. Electroacupuncture Pretreatment Ameliorates Anesthesia and Surgery-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction via Activation of an α7-nAChR Signal in Aged Rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2599-2611. [PMID: 34413646 PMCID: PMC8370114 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s322047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after anesthesia and surgery (AS) is a common complication in the elderly population. A cholinergic-dependent signal, the alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), has been suggested to regulate cognitive processes in a variety of neurologic diseases. In the current study, we determined whether electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment ameliorates AS-induced POCD in aged rats, as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (20 months old) were randomly assigned to the following 5 groups (n=12): vehicle; POCD (tibial fracture surgery); EA plus POCD; EA plus POCD and alpha-bungarotoxin (α-BGT); and POCD plus α-BGT groups. Alpha-bungarotoxin (1 μg/kg), a selective antagonist of α7-nAChR, was administrated via intraperitoneal injection before EA. Thirty days post-AS, the Morris water maze and a novel objective recognition test were used to evaluate cognitive function. Neuronal amount, apoptosis, microglial activation, percentage of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)- and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-positive microglia, and levels of HMGB-1 downstream factors, including NF-κB, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β, were detected by Nissl staining, immunofluorescence, and Western blot assays. RESULTS EA pretreatment significantly increased crossing platform times and elevated the time with a novel object, restored the quantity of neurons, decreased TUNEL-positive neurons, alleviated activation of microglia, downregulated expression of HMGB1 and NF-κB in the microglia, and reduced levels of phosphor-NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-1β 35 days after AS, while α-BGT partially reversed these changes. CONCLUSION EA pretreatment improved AS-induced POCD in aged rats, and the underlying mechanism may be associated with inhibition of HMGB1-NF-κB via an α7-nAChR signal in the microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang K, Lian N, Ding R, Guo C, Dong X, Li Y, Wei S, Jiao Q, Yu Y, Shen H. Sleep Deprivation Aggravates Cognitive Impairment by the Alteration of Hippocampal Neuronal Activity and the Density of Dendritic Spine in Isoflurane-Exposed Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:589176. [PMID: 33328920 PMCID: PMC7719754 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.589176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflurane contributes to cognitive deficits when used as a general anesthetic, and so does sleep deprivation (SD). Patients usually suffer from insomnia before an operation due to anxiety, fear, and other factors. It remains unclear whether preoperative SD exacerbates cognitive impairment induced by isoflurane. In this study, we observed the effects of pretreated 24-h SD in adult isoflurane-exposed mice on the cognitive behaviors, the Ca2+ signals of dorsal hippocampal CA1 (dCA1) neurons in vivo with fiber photometry, and the density of dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons. Our results showed that in cognitive behavior tasks, short-term memory damages were more severe with SD followed by isoflurane exposure than that with SD or isoflurane exposure separately, and interestingly, severe long-term memory deficits were induced only by SD followed by isoflurane exposure. Only the treatment of SD followed by isoflurane exposure could reversibly decrease the amplitude of Ca2+ signals when mice were freely moving and increase the duration of Ca2+ signals during the long-term memory behavior test. The density of dendritic spines with both SD and isoflurane exposure was lower than that with SD alone. This study suggests that SD should be avoided preoperatively in patients undergoing elective surgery under isoflurane anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Naqi Lian
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing (CIBR), Beijing, China
| | - Cunle Guo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Dong
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyan Jiao
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesia, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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13
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de Farias BX, Costa AB, Engel NA, de Souza Goldim MP, da Rosa Turatti C, Cargnin-Cavalho A, Fortunato JJ, Petronilho F, Jeremias IC, Rezin GT. Donepezil Prevents Inhibition of Cerebral Energetic Metabolism Without Altering Behavioral Parameters in Animal Model of Obesity. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2487-2498. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Cacabelos R. Pharmacogenetic considerations when prescribing cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:673-701. [PMID: 32520597 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1779700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholinergic dysfunction, demonstrated in the late 1970s and early 1980s, led to the introduction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) in 1993 (Tacrine) to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission as the first line of treatment against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The new generation of AChEIs, represented by Donepezil (1996), Galantamine (2001) and Rivastigmine (2002), is the only treatment for AD to date, together with Memantine (2003). AChEIs are not devoid of side-effects and their cost-effectiveness is limited. An option to optimize the correct use of AChEIs is the implementation of pharmacogenetics (PGx) in the clinical practice. AREAS COVERED (i) The cholinergic system in AD, (ii) principles of AD PGx, (iii) PGx of Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, Huperzine and other treatments, and (iv) practical recommendations. EXPERT OPINION The most relevant genes influencing AChEI efficacy and safety are APOE and CYPs. APOE-4 carriers are the worst responders to AChEIs. With the exception of Rivastigmine (UGT2B7, BCHE-K), the other AChEIs are primarily metabolized via CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and UGT enzymes, with involvement of ABC transporters and cholinergic genes (CHAT, ACHE, BCHE, SLC5A7, SLC18A3, CHRNA7) in most ethnic groups. Defective variants may affect the clinical response to AChEIs. PGx geno-phenotyping is highly recommended prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- Department of Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine , Bergondo, Corunna, Spain
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15
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Wu T, Wang X, Zhang R, Jiao Y, Yu W, Su D, Zhao Y, Tian J. Mice with pre-existing tumors are vulnerable to postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Brain Res 2020; 1732:146650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Multiple Anesthesia/Surgery Cannot Impair Reference Memory in Adult Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3736912. [PMID: 32214903 PMCID: PMC7081041 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3736912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction increases mortality and morbidity in perioperative patients. Numerous studies have demonstrated that multiple surgery/anesthesia during the neurodevelopmental period affects cognitive function, whereas a single anesthesia/surgery rarely causes cognitive dysfunction in adults. However, whether adults who undergo multiple anesthesia/surgery over a short period will experience cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. In this study, central nervous system inflammation and changes in cholinergic markers were investigated in adult mice subjected to multiple laparotomy procedures over a short period of time. The results showed that despite the increased expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus after multiple operations and the activation of microglia, multiple anesthesia/surgery did not cause a decline in cognitive function in adult mice. There were no changes in the cholinergic markers after multiple anesthesia/surgery.
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17
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Cancer-Related Anemia Is a Risk Factor for Medium-Term Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Laparoscopic Surgery Patients: An Observational Prospective Study. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:4847520. [PMID: 32089671 PMCID: PMC7026735 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4847520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia in the elderly may impair cognitive function. Our primary objective was to determine whether cancer-related anemia was associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in nonelderly patients. We conducted an observational prospective study of 177 patients scheduled for laparoscopic surgery. Patients aged 18-64 were divided into two groups according to whether they were anemic due to cancer or not. The cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 1 day before and 1 week after operation. The cognitive function of the patients was evaluated by using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified (TICS-M) 3 months after operation. The quality of life of patients was evaluated after operation. The hemoglobin level and other clinical data were recorded before operation. Of the 170 patients, 100 without anemia and 70 anemia patients had been evaluated 1 week after operation. POCD was detected in 43 cases (25.3% of 170 cases) at 1 week and 30 cases (19% of 158 cases) at 3 months postoperatively. Anemia was an independent risk factor for 3-month POCD occurrence (P = 0.034). The education level of the patients who had POCD at 1 week and 3 months after operation was lower (P < 0.001, P = 0.011, respectively). Age was independently associated with the incidence of POCD at 3 months (P = 0.011). In general, these findings suggested that anemia may increase the incidence of medium-term POCD in cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
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18
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Jiang XL, Gu XY, Zhou XX, Chen XM, Zhang X, Yang YT, Qin Y, Shen L, Yu WF, Su DS. Intestinal dysbacteriosis mediates the reference memory deficit induced by anaesthesia/surgery in aged mice. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:605-615. [PMID: 31063849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and has become a major concern for patients and caregivers. POCD is most common in older patients. Previous studies demonstrated that the gut microbiome affects cognitive function and behaviour, and perioperative factors, including the operation itself, antibiotics, opioids or acid-inducing drugs, affect the gut microbiome. Thus, we hypothesised that intestinal dysbacteriosis caused by anaesthesia/surgery induces POCD. METHODS Tibial fracture internal fixation was performed in 18-month-old C57BL/6 mice under isoflurane anaesthesia to establish the POCD model. The Morris water maze was used to measure reference memory after anaesthesia/surgery. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA from faecal samples was used to investigate changes in the abundance of intestinal bacteria after anaesthesia/surgery. To confirm the role of the gut microbiome in POCD, we pretreated mice with compound antibiotics or mixed probiotics (VSL#3). Anaesthesia/surgery impaired reference memory and induced intestinal dysbacteriosis in aged mice. RESULTS The 16S rRNA sequencing data revealed 37 genera (18 families) of bacteria that changed in abundance after anaesthesia/surgery. Pretreating mice with compound antibiotics or mixed probiotics (VSL#3) prevented the learning and memory deficits induced by anaesthesia/surgery. We further conducted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of 22 common types of bacteria among the 37 total types to verify the results of bacterial flora changes after anaesthesia/surgery. Numbers of 8 types of bacteria changed after anaesthesia/surgery but returned to normal after treatment with a mix of probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that deficits in reference memory induced by anaesthesia/surgery are mediated by intestinal dysbacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - X Y Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - X X Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - X M Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Y T Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital in Quanzhou City of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Y Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - L Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - W F Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - D S Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Wu W, Wu Y, Cheng G, Zhang C, Wang H, Li Y. A Mouse Model of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Demonstrates Potentially Reversible Effects on Hippocampal Neurons and Postoperative Cognitive Function. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1526-1536. [PMID: 30808858 PMCID: PMC6404631 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate cognitive function, hippocampal neuronal changes, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Material/Methods Sixty mice were divided into the sham group, which underwent surgery without vascular occlusion; the I/R1 group, with occlusion of the left hepatic artery and portal vein for 20 min, and reperfusion for 30 min; and the I/R2 group, with occlusion of the left hepatic artery and portal vein for 40 min, and reperfusion for 30 min. At postoperative day 4 and 11, ten mice from each group underwent the Morris water maze (MWM) task. Hippocampal tissues were stained for Nissl bodies. Expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Groups I/R1 and I/R2 showed a significantly increased latency in the MWM test between days 5–9, compared with the sham group (P<0.05), with no difference by day 11; the I/R2 group had an initial lower crossing frequency (P<0.05), with no difference by day 18. The I/R2 group showed reduced numbers of Nissl bodies in hippocampal neurons. The I/R1 and I/R2 groups had increased expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β and decreased ChAT. No differences between the groups were found in levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, or ChAT by day 18. Conclusions A mouse model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury showed transient and reversible cognitive dysfunction, changes in hippocampal neurons, and expression of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Gao Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Hongxian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yuanhai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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20
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Wang T, Zhu H, Hou Y, Gu W, Wu H, Luan Y, Xiao C, Zhou C. Galantamine reversed early postoperative cognitive deficit via alleviating inflammation and enhancing synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 846:63-72. [PMID: 30586550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is commonly seen in patients undergoing major surgeries and may persist. Although neuroinflammation is one of the important contributors to the development of POCD, the mechanisms underlying POCD remain unclear. We performed stabilized tibial fracture operation in male mice. In comparison with sham mice (anesthesia only), the surgery mice exhibited cognitive deficits in a fear conditioning paradigm at postsurgery day 3-7, and increased numbers of microglia and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) without change of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the hippocampus. Electrophysiological recordings from CA1 hippocampal neurons revealed that POCD mice exhibited impairment in AMPA receptor-mediated evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) without alteration in the rectification property of AMPA receptors. Interestingly, daily intraperitoneal administration of galantamine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, reversed cognitive dysfunction in surgery mice and attenuated accumulation of microglia and protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus. Additionally, galantamine potentiated AMPA receptor-mediated eEPSCs in the hippocampus more prominent in surgery mice than in sham mice. Therefore, enhancement of cholinergic tone in the hippocampus might be a therapeutic strategy for early POCD in terms of suppression of inflammation and normalization of excitatory synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third hospital, affiliated to the Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongge Zhu
- Department of Second Pulmonary Medicine, The third hospital, affiliated to the Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanshen Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The third hospital, affiliated to the Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weixin Gu
- Jiangsu Province Key laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haichuan Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiwen Luan
- Jiangsu Province Key laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Key laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunyi Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Chen H, Wu X, Gu X, Zhou Y, Ye L, Zhang K, Pan H, Wang J, Wei H, Zhu B, Naman CB, Mak S, Carlier PR, Cui W, Han Y. Tacrine(10)-Hupyridone Prevents Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction via the Activation of BDNF Pathway and the Inhibition of AChE in Aged Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:396. [PMID: 30483056 PMCID: PMC6243707 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) could cause short-term or long-term cognitive disruption lasting weeks or months after anesthesia and surgery in elderly. However, no effective treatment of POCD is currently available. Previous studies indicated that the enhancement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, and the elevation the cholinergic system, might be effective to prevent POCD. In this study, we have discovered that tacrine(10)-hupyridone (A10E), a novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor derived from tacrine and huperzine A, could prevent surgery-induced short-term and long-term impairments of recognition and spatial cognition, as evidenced by the novel object recognition test and Morris water maze (MWM) tests, in aged mice. Moreover, A10E significantly increased the expression of BDNF and activated the downstream Akt and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in the surgery-treated mice. Furthermore, A10E substantially enhanced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive area and decreased AChE activity, in the hippocampus regions of surgery-treated mice, indicating that A10E could prevent surgery-induced dysfunction of cholinergic system, possibly via increasing the synthesis of acetylcholine and the inhibition of AChE. In conclusion, our results suggested that A10E might prevent POCD via the activation of BDNF pathway and the inhibition of AChE, concurrently, in aged mice. These findings also provided a support that A10E might be developed as a potential drug lead for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Anesthesia, Ningbo University Medical School Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinmei Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yiying Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Luying Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanbo Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jialing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Anesthesia, Ningbo University Medical School Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - C Benjamin Naman
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shinghung Mak
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul R Carlier
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Wei Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yifan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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