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Ginjeira A, Neto F, Behdad S, Farinha I, Gonçalves N, Martins JNR, Pires M, Rito Pereira M, Vasconcelos I, Duarte I. Influence of root shape on canal complexity at the mandibular molar apical surgical resection level: A micro-CT study. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105983. [PMID: 38718467 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the aspect ratios of mandibular molar roots at the apical 3-mm level and their root canal complexity. DESIGN This study used micro-CT imaging to analyze 163 two-rooted mandibular molars. The aspect ratios of the roots at the apical 3-mm level were categorized as "< 2.75" or "≥ 2.75" (mesial) and "< 1.75" or "≥ 1.75" (distal). A two-dimensional (2D) analysis focused on four apical axial cross-section levels to determine the presence of main and accessory canals and isthmus. Additionally, a three-dimensional (3D) assessment of the apical 4-mm of both roots examined main and accessory canals, apical foramina, apical deltas, and middle mesial canals. RESULTS Mesial roots with aspect ratios ≥ 2.75 showed a higher number of main canals at all levels compared to those with aspect ratios < 2.75 at the 3-mm level. Additionally, the ≥ 2.75 group exhibited more accessory canals and a higher average number of accessory canals. The 3D assessment confirmed significantly more accessory canals and apical foramina in the ≥ 2.75 group. The prevalence of roots with apical deltas was nearly double in the ≥ 2.75 group, and middle mesial canals were exclusively found in this group. In the distal root, the ≥ 1.75 group showed a significantly higher number of main canals at all axial levels. No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of accessory canals, apical foramina, or deltas. CONCLUSIONS A higher root aspect ratio is related to higher anatomical complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Ginjeira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Neto
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Shirin Behdad
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Farinha
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Gonçalves
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04559/2020), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Pires
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Mário Rito Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Vasconcelos
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambrósio, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal; Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | - Isabel Duarte
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
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Iplinsky NT, Gandini Junior LG, Gandini AS, Bagatini AT, Oliveira PHJD, Silva PCHD, Santos-Pinto A. Radiographic evaluation of enamel thickness of permanent teeth: relevance and applicability. Dental Press J Orthod 2024; 29:e242422. [PMID: 38985079 PMCID: PMC11235574 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.29.3.e242422.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This descriptive observational study aimed to determine clinically relevant and applicable data of enamel thickness (ETH), considering the mesio-distal differences of anterior and posterior permanent teeth and their relationships. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of right-sided standardized radiographs of 34 individuals (21 females and 13 males), aged between 13 and 24 (average 16) years, with all permanent teeth intact and without crowding. Four periapical and four interproximal radiographs were obtained and digitized. ETH measurements (mesial to distal contact points at the dentin-enamel junction) were performed after correction for radiographic image magnification. The Students' t-test was applied to the differences between paired means, with the Pearson correlation to evaluate the correlation between them. RESULTS The mesial and distal ETH increased from the anterior to the posterior teeth. Incisor ETH ranged between 0.60 and 0.84 mm. Canines, premolars, and molars were more than 1.0 mm thick, and molar enamel reached values between 1.26 and 1.44 mm. CONCLUSION Distal ETH was significantly greater than the mesial ETH, and progressively thicker from the anterior to posterior teeth. Interproximal reduction (IPR) of the lower central and upper lateral incisors should be avoided, reduced, or performed on their distal surfaces. There is a positive and significant correlation between ETH and the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth. Periapical radiographs and evaluation of the remaining ETH are necessary in cases of retreatment. The location and number of tooth size discrepancies should be considered in treatment planning and appropriately compensated with IPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Tonin Iplinsky
- São Paulo State University, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dental Science (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Junior
- São Paulo State University, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
| | | | - Ana Thais Bagatini
- São Paulo State University, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dental Science (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
| | | | | | - Ary Santos-Pinto
- São Paulo State University, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dental Science (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
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McPherson CB, O'Donnell L, Moes E, Edgar H. No relationship found between dental fluctuating asymmetry, birthweight, and birth term in two modern North American samples. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24114. [PMID: 38842218 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deciduous dental crowns primarily develop during gestation and early infancy and embody early life stress exposures. Composite measures of dental fluctuating asymmetry (DFA) generated from the deciduous teeth may therefore indicate cumulative gestational stress in developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) studies. This study examines whether higher composite measures of deciduous DFA are associated with low birthweight and prematurity, two aspects of birth phenotype consistently associated with increased morbidity and mortality risks in adulthood. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We evaluated associations between composite deciduous DFA, birthweight, and birth term in two contemporary North American samples: an autopsy sample from New Mexico (n = 94), and sample from a growth cohort study in Burlington, Ontario (n = 304). Dental metric data for each sample was collected from postmortem CT scans and dental casts, respectively. Composite DFA was estimated using buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) crown diameters from paired deciduous teeth. RESULTS Contrary to expectations, the results of linear regression indicated no significant relationship between birthweight and DFA, or birth term and DFA, in either sample. CONCLUSIONS Deciduous DFA does not predict aspects of birth phenotype associated with gestational stress. Birthweight and birth term are plastic relative to the more developmentally stable deciduous dentition, which may only subtly embody early life stress. We suggest that deciduous DFA should be utilized with caution in DOHaD studies until its relationship with gestational stress is clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cait B McPherson
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lexi O'Donnell
- College of Population Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emily Moes
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of St. Francis, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Heather Edgar
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Chrostek E, Peralta S, Fiani N. Morphological study of pulp cavity anatomy of canine teeth in domestic cats using micro-computed tomography. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1373517. [PMID: 38523713 PMCID: PMC10957770 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1373517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
An understanding of the pulp cavity anatomy of individual teeth is essential for success during endodontic therapy. The objective of this study was to document pulp cavity anatomy and summarize numerical data of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth of domestic cats using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty-nine canine teeth from eleven domestic cat cadaveric specimens were extracted and prepared for scanning. Segmentation of the pulp cavity was performed using the Avizo (v2022.2) software package. The morphological features of the pulp cavity including overall shape, configuration, presence of apical deltas and lateral canals was recorded. A quantitative analysis was performed on thirty-one teeth to explore associations between pulp cavity volume and length, apical delta length, maximum apical delta foramina number and cusp-to-tip length using a linear mixed model. Correlation between pertinent continuous variables was assessed using a Pearson's correlation test. Most pulp cavities exhibited varying curvature and ranged from a cylindrical configuration in the coronal third to an ovoid configuration in the middle to apical third. A ribbon-like flattened canal was observed in 6/31 teeth (19%). All canine teeth depicted an apical delta with various configurations except for two teeth that showed a single canal exiting at the apex. In 15/31 teeth (48%), the primary root canal within the apical delta could be clearly identified and in 16/31 (52%) the primary root canal was indiscernible. The results showed that the pulp cavities of maxillary canine teeth were significantly larger and longer and the cusp-to-tip length was longer, when compared to mandibular teeth. The apical delta length was negatively correlated to the volume of the pulp cavity. No specimens depicted lateral canals. This study revealed that the anatomy of the canine tooth pulp cavity in cats can vary considerably and should be a consideration when performing thorough debridement, shaping and obturation of the endodontic system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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Intarasuksanti C, Prapayasatok S, Kampan N, Sirabanchongkran S, Mahakkanukrauh P, Sastraruji T, Khongkhunthian P, Kuharattanachai K, Tripuwabhrut K. Effects of the cone-beam computed tomography protocol on the accuracy and image quality of root surface area measurements: An in vitro study. Imaging Sci Dent 2023; 53:325-333. [PMID: 38174039 PMCID: PMC10761297 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20230090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy and image quality of root surface area (RSA) measurements obtained with various cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols, relative to the gold standard of micro-computed tomography (CT), in an in vitro setting. Materials and Methods Four dry human skulls were scanned using 8 different protocols, with voxel sizes of 0.15 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm. Three-dimensional models of the selected teeth were constructed using CBCT and micro-CT protocols, and the RSA was automatically measured by the image-processing software. The absolute difference in the percentage of the RSA (%ΔRSA) was calculated and compared across the 8 CBCT protocols using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Finally, image quality scores of the RSA measurements were computed and reported in terms of percent distribution. Results No significant differences were observed in the %ΔRSA across the 8 protocols (P>0.05). The deviation in %ΔRSA ranged from 1.51% to 4.30%, with an increase corresponding to voxel size. As the voxel size increased, the image quality deteriorated. This decline in quality was particularly noticeable at the apical level of the root, where the distribution of poorer scores was most concentrated. Conclusion Relative to CBCT protocols with voxel sizes of 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm, the protocols with a voxel size of 0.4 mm demonstrated inferior image quality at the apical levels. In spite of this, no significant discrepancies were observed in RSA measurements across the different CBCT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanikarn Intarasuksanti
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sangsom Prapayasatok
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Kampan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supassara Sirabanchongkran
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Excellence in Osteology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanapat Sastraruji
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pathawee Khongkhunthian
- Center of Excellence for Dental Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kachaphol Kuharattanachai
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanich Tripuwabhrut
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Guo J, Wu Y, Chen L, Long S, Chen D, Ouyang H, Zhang C, Tang Y, Wang W. A perspective on the diagnosis of cracked tooth: imaging modalities evolve to AI-based analysis. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:36. [PMID: 35706023 PMCID: PMC9202175 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-01008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous clinical trials and pre-clinical developments, the diagnosis of cracked tooth, especially in the early stages, remains a challenge. Cracked tooth syndrome is often accompanied by dramatic painful responses from occlusion and temperature stimulation, which has become one of the leading causes for tooth loss in adults. Current clinical diagnostical approaches for cracked tooth have been widely investigated based on X-rays, optical light, ultrasound wave, etc. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) development have unlocked the possibility of detecting the crack in a more intellectual and automotive way. This may lead to the possibility of further enhancement of the diagnostic accuracy for cracked tooth disease. In this review, various medical imaging technologies for diagnosing cracked tooth are overviewed. In particular, the imaging modality, effect and the advantages of each diagnostic technique are discussed. What's more, AI-based crack detection and classification methods, especially the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithms, including image classification (AlexNet), object detection (YOLO, Faster-RCNN), semantic segmentation (U-Net, Segnet) are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges in the diagnosis of the cracked tooth are lighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Guo
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuyan Wu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lizhi Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shangbin Long
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Daqi Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haibing Ouyang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chunliang Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yadong Tang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Göldner D, Karakostis FA, Falcucci A. Practical and technical aspects for the 3D scanning of lithic artefacts using micro-computed tomography techniques and laser light scanners for subsequent geometric morphometric analysis. Introducing the StyroStone protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267163. [PMID: 35446900 PMCID: PMC9022823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a new method to scan a large number of lithic artefacts using three-dimensional scanning technology. Despite the rising use of high-resolution 3D surface scanners in archaeological sciences, no virtual studies have focused on the 3D digitization and analysis of small lithic implements such as bladelets, microblades, and microflakes. This is mostly due to difficulties in creating reliable 3D meshes of these artefacts resulting from several inherent features (i.e., size, translucency, and acute edge angles), which compromise the efficiency of structured light or laser scanners and photogrammetry. Our new protocol StyroStone addresses this problem by proposing a step-by-step procedure relying on the use of micro-computed tomographic technology, which is able to capture the 3D shape of small lithic implements in high detail. We tested a system that enables us to scan hundreds of artefacts together at once within a single scanning session lasting a few hours. As also bigger lithic artefacts (i.e., blades) are present in our sample, this protocol is complemented by a short guide on how to effectively scan such artefacts using a structured light scanner (Artec Space Spider). Furthermore, we estimate the accuracy of our scanning protocol using principal component analysis of 3D Procrustes shape coordinates on a sample of meshes of bladelets obtained with both micro-computed tomography and another scanning device (i.e., Artec Micro). A comprehensive review on the use of 3D geometric morphometrics in lithic analysis and other computer-based approaches is provided in the introductory chapter to show the advantages of improving 3D scanning protocols and increasing the digitization of our prehistoric human heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Göldner
- Department of Palaeoanthropology, Institute of Archaeological Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fotios Alexandros Karakostis
- Department of Palaeoanthropology, Institute of Archaeological Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Center for Advanced Studies “Words, Bones, Genes, Tools,” Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Armando Falcucci
- Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Schloss Hohentübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Lu S, Ren X, Guo T, Cao Z, Sun H, Wang C, Wang F, Shu Z, Hao J, Gui S, Lei C, Zhang J. Controlled release of iodine from cross-linked cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks for prolonged periodontal pocket therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118187. [PMID: 34119155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic system to periodontitis was designed using cross-linked cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (COF) as carrier for iodine and further suspended in hydroxyethyl cellulose gel as I2@COF-HEC hydrogel. Inclusion of iodine within the COF was demonstrated by SR-FTIR spectral and characteristic DSC and TGA changes. Molecular modelling identified the interaction of iodine with both COF central cavity and individual cyclodextrin moieties of COF. In vitro results of study demonstrated that iodine release in artificial saliva from I2@COF-HEC hydrogel could be extended up to 5 days, which was slower than I2@COF particles. Using an in vivo rat model of periodontitis, micro-computed tomography of alveolar bone morphology demonstrated that I2@COF-HEC hydrogel showed similar effects in decreasing periodontal pocket depth and alveolar bone resorption to minocycline ointment, a periodontitis antibiotic. The I2@COF-HEC hydrogel is a novel local delivery device of iodine as a broad spectrum antimicrobial use for treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohong Ren
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zeying Cao
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Caifen Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zixuan Shu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jinghua Hao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Bhandi S, Mashyakhy M, Abumelha AS, Alkahtany MF, Jamal M, Chohan H, Raj AT, Testarelli L, Reda R, Patil S. Complete Obturation-Cold Lateral Condensation vs. Thermoplastic Techniques: A Systematic Review of Micro-CT Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4013. [PMID: 34300930 PMCID: PMC8304925 DOI: 10.3390/ma14144013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To prevent re-infection and provide a hermetic seal of the root canal system, an endodontist must aim to produce a void-free obturation. This review aimed to compare the completeness of root canal obturation between the two most prevalent methods-cold lateral condensation and warm gutta-percha techniques-using micro-CT (PROSPERO reg no. 249815). MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of Scopus, Embase, PubMed (Medline via PubMed), and Web of Science databases was done without any time restriction according to the PRISMA protocol. Articles that compared both techniques and were published in English were included. Data was extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using an adapted tool based on previous studies. RESULTS A total of 141 studies were identified by the search. Following the screening and selection of articles, 9 studies were included for review. Data was extracted manually and tabulated. Most studies had a moderate risk of bias. None determined operator skill in both methods before comparison. The data extracted from the included studies suggests that both techniques produce voids in the obturation. The thermoplasticized gutta-percha techniques may result in fewer voids compared to cold lateral condensation. CONCLUSION Considering the limitations of the included studies, it was concluded that neither technique could completely obturate the root canal. Thermoplasticized gutta-percha techniques showed better outcomes despite a possible learning bias in favor of cold lateral condensation. Establishing operator skills before comparison may help reduce this bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.); (M.M.); (H.C.)
| | - Mohammed Mashyakhy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.); (M.M.); (H.C.)
| | - Abdulaziz S. Abumelha
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mazen F. Alkahtany
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Department of Endodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohamed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Health Care City, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Hitesh Chohan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia; (S.B.); (M.M.); (H.C.)
| | - A. Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, India;
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Antony S, Venkatesh KV, Vahanaan DS. Evaluation of accuracy of fit in cast metal post fabricated with direct and indirect techniques using micro-CT - An in vitro study. Indian J Dent Res 2021; 32:323-329. [PMID: 35229771 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_399_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Accuracy of fit of cast metal posts fabricated with direct and indirect techniques. Aims To evaluate the accuracy of fit of cast metal posts fabricated with direct and indirect techniques using micro-CT. Materials and Methods Sixty extracted human maxillary central incisors were used. The teeth were decoronated leaving 2 mm at the cementoenamel junction. Four patterns for each tooth were made including one direct and indirect wax pattern and one direct and indirect resin pattern. In total, 240 patterns and castings were made. Each tooth was scanned using microcomputed tomography (μCT) system with a resolution of 14.5 μm. μCT analyzer Sky scanner software was used to calculate the volume of space between the post and the canals. Statistical analysis used: The student paired t-test and unpaired t-test were used to determine the significant differences between groups. Results The overall space between the canal walls and posts made with the direct wax and resin technique had an average mean value of 1.10 mm3, whereas with the indirect technique resin and wax pattern, the average mean was 1.30 mm3 which was significant. Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, it was found that the accuracy of fit is better in direct technique using wax pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujana Antony
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kondas Vijay Venkatesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanasekaran Sihi Vahanaan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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F Esquivel-Upshaw J, Hsu SM, Bohórquez AC, Abdulhameed N, Scheiffele GW, Kim M, Neal D, Chai J, Ren F. Novel methodology for measuring intraoral wear in enamel and dental restorative materials. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:677-685. [PMID: 32955159 PMCID: PMC7745065 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To test the hypotheses that (a) the chairside/handheld dental scanner combined with a metrology software will measure clinical wear in vivo in agreement with measurements from X‐ray computed microtomography and; (b) polished monolithic zirconia does not cause accelerated wear of opposing enamel. Materials and methods Thirty single crowns were randomized to receive a monolithic zirconia or metal‐ceramic crown. Two non‐restored opposing teeth in the same quadrants were identified to serve as enamel controls. After cementation, quadrants were scanned using an intraoral dental scanner. Patients were recalled at 6‐months and 1‐year for re‐scanning. Scanned images were compared using a metrology software to determine maximum vertical wear of teeth. The accuracy of the scanning measurements from this new method was compared with X‐ray computed microtomography (micro‐CT) measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U test to determine significant differences between wear of enamel against zirconia, metal‐ceramic or enamel. Linear regression analysis determined agreement between measurements obtained using intraoral scanning and micro‐CT. Results Regression analysis demonstrated that there is a quantitative agreement between depth and volume measurements produced using intraoral scanning and the micro‐CT methodologies. There was no significant difference between the wear of enamel against polished monolithic zirconia crowns and enamel against enamel. Conclusions Intraoral scanning combined with a matching software can accurately quantify clinical wear to verify that monolithic zirconia exhibited comparable wear of enamel compared with metal‐ceramic crowns and control enamel. Agreement between the intraoral scanner and the micro‐CT was 99.8%. Clinical Trials.gov NCT02289781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine F Esquivel-Upshaw
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Shu-Min Hsu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ana C Bohórquez
- Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering's Research Service Centers, University of Florida College of Engineering, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nader Abdulhameed
- Restorative Dentistry, LECOM School of Dental Medicine Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Gary W Scheiffele
- Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering's Research Service Centers, University of Florida College of Engineering, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mijin Kim
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dan Neal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - John Chai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Northwestern University Dental School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fan Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Alwadai GS, Roberts G, Ungar PS, González-Cabezas C, Lippert F, Diefenderfer KE, Eckert GJ, Hara AT. Monitoring of simulated occlusal tooth wear by objective outcome measures. J Dent 2020; 102:103467. [PMID: 32916231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study explored quantitative outcome measures as clinical indicators of simulated occlusal tooth wear progression. METHODS Ten sound, extracted human premolars were selected and submitted to occlusal tooth wear simulation in 0.5-mm steps (0/0.5/1.0/1.5 mm). At each step, enamel thickness on the buccal cusp tips was evaluated using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). The occlusal surface of each premolar was also scanned at each step using a 3D digital intraoral scanner, followed by morphological characterization using standard topography attributes (Slope, Relief, RFI, OPCr). Repeated measures ANOVA assessed differences in simulated wear levels for the μ-CT and CP-OCT data as well as the topography values. Correlations were also calculated between the μ-CT/CP-OCT and topography data. RESULTS Significant differences were observed for enamel thickness at each simulation wear stage, for both CP-OCT (p < 0.001) and μ-CT (p < 0.001), with good agreement between methods (intraclass correlation: 0.89). For topography analysis, as wear increased, the average Slope, RFI, and Relief values decreased, and average OPCr values increased, with more significant differences shown for Slope. Slope showed significant (p < 0.05) positive correlations with CP-OCT. OPCr showed significant negative correlations with μ-CT, and CP-OCT (p < 0.05). RFI and Relief were not correlated with either μ-CT or CP-OCT (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the potential of PS-OCT for measuring enamel thickness changes in the cusp tips of the occlusal surface. Similarly, conventional intraoral scanners can serve effectively for monitoring overall tooth wear when combined with dental topographic analyses of resultant point clouds. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE CP-OCT measures of enamel thickness and dental 3D topographic attributes showed potential as objective outcomes for the clinical monitoring of occlusal tooth wear. Their combination provided a comprehensive understanding of the tooth wear development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer S Alwadai
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, King Khalid University School of Dentistry, Guraiger, Abha, 61471-3263, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Grace Roberts
- Department of Anthropology, Old Main, 330, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Peter S Ungar
- Department of Anthropology, Old Main, 330, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Carlos González-Cabezas
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Kim E Diefenderfer
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - George J Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 West 10th Street, Suite 3000, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Anderson T Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Tokavanich N, Gupta A, Nagata M, Takahashi A, Matsushita Y, Yatabe M, Ruellas A, Cevidanes L, Maki K, Yamaguchi T, Ono N, Ono W. A three-dimensional analysis of primary failure of eruption in humans and mice. Oral Dis 2019; 26:391-400. [PMID: 31802584 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a genetic disorder exhibiting the cessation of tooth eruption. Loss-of-function mutations in parathyroid hormone (PTH)/parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH/PTHrP receptor, PPR) were reported as the underlying cause of this disorder in humans. We showed in a PFE mouse model that PTHrP-PPR signaling is responsible for normal dental follicle cell differentiation and tooth eruption. However, the mechanism underlying the eruption defect in PFE remains undefined. In this descriptive study, we aim to chronologically observe tooth eruption and root formation of mouse PFE molars through 3D microCT analyses. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Two individuals with PFE were recruited at Showa University. A mouse PFE model was generated by deleting PPR specifically in PTHrP-expressing dental follicle and divided into three groups, PPRfl/fl ;R26RtdTomato/+ (Control), PTHrP-creER;PPRfl/+ ;R26RtdTomato/+ (cHet), and PTHrP-creER;PRRfl/fl ;R26RtdTomato/+ (cKO). MATERIALS AND METHODS Images from human PFE subjects were acquired by CBCT. All groups of mouse samples were studied at postnatal days 14, 25, 91, and 182 after a tamoxifen pulse at P3, and superimposition of 3D microCT images among three groups was rendered. RESULTS Mouse and human PFE molars exhibited a similar presentation in the 3D CT analyses. The quantitative analysis in mice demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the eruption height of cKO first and second molars compared to other groups after postnatal day 25. Additionally, cKO molars demonstrated significantly shortened roots with dilacerations associated with the reduced interradicular bone height. CONCLUSIONS Mouse PFE molars erupt at a much slower rate compared to normal molars, associated with shortened and dilacerated roots and defective interradicular bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicha Tokavanich
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aditi Gupta
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mizuki Nagata
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Akira Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuki Matsushita
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marilia Yatabe
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonio Ruellas
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lucia Cevidanes
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Oral Interdisciplinary, Division of Orthodontics, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ono
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wanida Ono
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary First Premolar by Microscopic Computed Tomography in a Chinese Adolescent Subpopulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4327046. [PMID: 31828103 PMCID: PMC6881762 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4327046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the root morphology and root canal anatomy of maxillary first premolar using microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods 324 maxillary first premolars were collected and scanned. The root and canal diameter, canal wall thickness, root taper, and cross-sectional shapes were determined in the single root with 1 canal (SR1C), single root with 2 canals (SR2C), and 2 roots with 2 canals (2R2C) by micro-CT. Results The results showed that single-rooted maxillary premolars were more common than other types. The incidence of SR1C, SR2C, and 2R2C reached 25%, 26.39%, and 26.39%, respectively. Root and canal diameters and canal wall thickness were decreased from coronal third to apical foramen. The three parameters and canal taper showed increases from buccal and palatal (BP) to mesiodistal (MD) aspects. The root canal tapers were smallest of the middle third level. The findings showed the different variations in 2R2C teeth. The root canal cross-sectional morphology in maxillary first premolars is complicated, including round, oval, long oval, flat canal, and irregular canal shapes. The distribution varied in different aspects. Conclusion Root canal morphology showed a wide variation and complicated structure. The single-rooted teeth were more common in the Chinese adolescent population, and the majority of maxillary first premolars have two canals.
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15
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Beltes P, Kantilieraki E, Kalaitzoglou ME, Beltes C, Angelopoulos C. Mandibular canines with additional roots: An ex vivo study of the external and internal morphology. AUST ENDOD J 2018; 45:184-188. [PMID: 30230103 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the root and root canal morphologies of mandibular canines with additional roots using cone-beam computed tomography. Seventy-seven extracted two-rooted and one-three-rooted permanent human mandibular canines were selected. Aspects of the external morphology evaluated were crown length, root length, total length, root bifurcation distance from the cementoenamel junction, root size, and direction of the root curvature in the apical third. Features of internal morphology assessed were root canal number per root, root canal bifurcation distance from the cementoenamel junction, and the angle between the buccal or lingual canal and the main canal. The root size and length presented considerable diversity. Most of the roots bifurcated at the middle third and exhibited a buccal curvature. The main root canal bifurcated coronally in two root canals, a buccal and a lingual. The majority of the buccal and lingual root canal angles were blunt. The presence of a third root in a specimen was a novel finding of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Beltes
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Kantilieraki
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria-Elpida Kalaitzoglou
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charalampos Beltes
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Angelopoulos
- Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, Implantology and Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Kazzazi SM, Kranioti EF. Applicability of 3D-dental reconstruction in cervical odontometrics. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 165:370-377. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh M. Kazzazi
- Edinburgh Unit for Forensic Anthropology, School of History Classics and Archaeology; University of Edinburgh; 4 Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG United Kingdom
| | - Elena F. Kranioti
- Edinburgh Unit for Forensic Anthropology, School of History Classics and Archaeology; University of Edinburgh; 4 Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Imaging; University Hospital of Heraklion; Heraklion, Crete 71110 Greece
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17
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Accuracy of Bone Measurements in the Vicinity of Titanium Implants in CBCT Data Sets: A Comparison of Radiological and Histological Findings in Minipigs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3848207. [PMID: 28798929 PMCID: PMC5536141 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3848207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this animal study was the determination of accuracy of bone measurements in CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography) in close proximity to titanium implants. Material and Methods Titanium implants were inserted in eight Göttingen minipigs. 60 implants were evaluated histologically in ground section specimen and radiologically in CBCT in regard to thickness of the buccal bone. With random intercept models, the difference of histologic measurements and CBCT measurements of bone thickness was calculated. Results The mean histological thickness of the buccal bone was 5.09 mm (CI 4.11–6.08 mm). The four raters measured slightly less bone in CBCT than it was found in histology. The random effect was not significant (p value 1.000). Therefore, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was 98.65% (CI 100.00–96.99%). Conclusion CBCT is an accurate technique to measure even thin bone structures in the vicinity of titanium implants.
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18
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Park SB, An SY, Han WJ, Park JT. Three-dimensional measurement of periodontal surface area for quantifying inflammatory burden. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2017; 47:154-164. [PMID: 28680711 PMCID: PMC5494310 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.3.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Measurement of the root surface area (RSA) is important in periodontal treatment and for the evaluation of periodontal disease as a risk factor for systemic disease. The aim of this study was to measure the RSA at 6 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) using the Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Methods We obtained cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from 33 patients who had visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of Dankook University Dental Hospital. The patients comprised 17 men and 16 women aged from 20 to 35 years, with a mean age of 24.4 years. Only morphologically intact teeth were included in our data. Because the third molars of the maxilla and mandible have a high deformation rate and were absent in some participants, they were not included in our research material. Results The CBCT data were reconstructed into 3-dimensional (3D) teeth models using the Mimics software, and the RSA at 6 mm below the CEJ was separated and measured using 3-Matic (Materialise). In total, 924 3D teeth models were created, and the area at 6 mm below the CEJ could be isolated in all the models. The area at 6 mm below the CEJ was measured in all teeth from the 33 patients and compared based on sex and position (maxilla vs. mandible). Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated that it was feasible to generate 3D data and to evaluate RSA values using CBCT and the Mimics software. These results provide deeper insights into the relationship between periodontal inflammatory burden and systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa-Beom Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
| | - So-Youn An
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Won-Jeong Han
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
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Lakhani K, Vashishth V, Gugnani N. Root surface area measurement of permanent dentition in Indian population – CBCT analysis. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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20
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Kroell A, Marks P, Chahal J, Hurtig M, Dwyer T, Whelan D, Theodoropoulos J. Microfracture for chondral defects: assessment of the variability of surgical technique in cadavers. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016; 24:2374-9. [PMID: 25533699 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-3481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the variability of the microfracture technique when performed by experienced knee arthroscopy surgeons. METHOD Four surgeons were each asked to perform microfracture on six preformed cartilage defects in fresh human cadaveric knees. Surgeons were instructed on penetration depth, inter-hole distance, and to place the holes perpendicular to the subchondral surface. Micro-computed tomography was used to calculate depth error, inter-hole distance error, and deviation of penetration angles from the perpendicular. RESULTS All surgeons misjudged depth and inter-hole distance, tending to make microfracture holes too deep (depth error 1.1 mm ± 1.9) and too close together (inter-hole distance error: -0.8 mm ± 0.4). Fifty-one per cent of holes were angled more than 10° from the perpendicular (range 2.6°-19.8°). Both depth and distance errors were significantly lower in the trochlear groove than on the femoral condyle (p < 0.05). Surface shearing was associated with both penetration depth >4 mm and angles >20°. Inter-hole infraction occurred in holes closer than 2.5 mm to each other. CONCLUSION Even experienced knee arthroscopy surgeons demonstrate inconsistency in surgical technique when performing microfracture. While further research will be required to demonstrate that these variations in surgical technique are associated with poorer clinical outcomes after microfracture, surgeons should attempt to minimizing such variations in order to prevent surface shearing and inter-hole infraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kroell
- Orthopaedic Department, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Marks
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 600 University Avenue, Suite 476C, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jaskarndip Chahal
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 600 University Avenue, Suite 476C, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Hurtig
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College at the University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Tim Dwyer
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 600 University Avenue, Suite 476C, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Whelan
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 600 University Avenue, Suite 476C, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Theodoropoulos
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 600 University Avenue, Suite 476C, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Anter E, Zayet MK, El-Dessouky SH. Accuracy and precision of cone beam computed tomography in periodontal defects measurement (systematic review). J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016; 20:235-43. [PMID: 27563194 PMCID: PMC4976541 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.176389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematic review of literature was made to assess the extent of accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a tool for measurement of alveolar bone loss in periodontal defect. A systematic search of PubMed electronic database and a hand search of open access journals (from 2000 to 2015) yielded abstracts that were potentially relevant. The original articles were then retrieved and their references were hand searched for possible missing articles. Only articles that met the selection criteria were included and criticized. The initial screening revealed 47 potentially relevant articles, of which only 14 have met the selection criteria; their CBCT average measurements error ranged from 0.19 mm to 1.27 mm; however, no valid meta-analysis could be made due to the high heterogeneity between the included studies. Under the limitation of the number and strength of the available studies, we concluded that CBCT provides an assessment of alveolar bone loss in periodontal defect with a minimum reported mean measurements error of 0.19 ± 0.11 mm and a maximum reported mean measurements error of 1.27 ± 1.43 mm, and there is no agreement between the studies regarding the direction of the deviation whether over or underestimation. However, we should emphasize that the evidence to this data is not strong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Anter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Khalifa Zayet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar Hosny El-Dessouky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Rayyan MR, Aldossari RA, Alsadun SF, Hijazy FR. Accuracy of cast posts fabricated by the direct and the indirect techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 116:411-5. [PMID: 27061636 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Patterns for custom cast posts and cores can be fabricated either by the direct or the indirect technique. Which technique is more accurate is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of pattern fabrication technique on the accuracy of post fit. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten intact extracted premolar teeth with a single canal and similar dimensions received root canal treatment. The teeth were sectioned 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction. A total of 20 cast post and core patterns, 2 for each tooth, were fabricated, 10 with the direct technique and 10 with the indirect technique. Patterns were cast to produce 20 cast post and cores. Each tooth was scanned using a microcomputed tomography (μCT) system with a resolution of 14.5 μm, once with the post of the direct technique and once with the post of the indirect technique. Ct analyzer software was used to calculate the overall space between the post and canal walls and the space areas in 3 different standardized sections. The Student paired t test was used to determine any significant difference in the scores of the groups. RESULTS The overall space between the canal walls and posts made with the direct technique ranged between 7.86 and 17.39 mm(3), with a mean value of 12.25 mm(3), whereas with the indirect technique, the space ranged between 6.68 and 18.02 mm(3), with a mean of 11.92 mm(3). No significant differences were found between the results of either technique (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, neither the indirect nor direct pattern fabrication technique influenced the accuracy of post fitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R Rayyan
- Assistant Professor, Prosthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Roa'a A Aldossari
- General Dentist, Security Forces Polyclinic, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah F Alsadun
- General Dentist, Graduate of Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Gu Y, Tang Y, Zhu Q, Feng X. Measurement of root surface area of permanent teeth with root variations in a Chinese population-A micro-CT analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 63:75-81. [PMID: 26723016 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the influence of root variations on the root surface area (RSA) by using micro-CT scans. DESIGN A total of 228 extracted permanent teeth (2-rooted and single-rooted maxillary first premolars, mandibular first premolars with non-Tomes' and Tomes' roots, 2-rooted and 3-rooted mandibular first molars, and 2-rooted and C-shaped mandibular second molars) were collected in a Chinese population and scanned using a micro-CT. In Mimics 15.01, 3D tooth models were generated, and the net and percent remaining RSA at various simulated attachment levels were measured. The data corresponding to attachment level were fitted to a linear function. RESULTS The mean total RSA for different root forms decreased in the following order: 3-rooted>2-rooted>C-shaped>single-rooted. However, the differences were statistically significant (p<0.01) only for 2-rooted vs. single-rooted maxillary first premolars, and 2-rooted vs. C-shaped mandibular second molars. Linear functions can perfectly fit in relating the attachment level to the net and percent remaining RSA. CONCLUSION Micro-CT combined with Mimics software offers simple and precise technique for quantitative analysis of the RSA. Root variations may affect the total amount and vertical distribution of the net RSA. However, the degree of influence varies with the tooth type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gu
- Department of Dentistry, First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Nantong University, Suzhou, China; Central Lab, First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Nantong University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Y Tang
- Central Lab, First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Q Zhu
- Department of Dentistry, First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - X Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Djomehri SI, Candell S, Case T, Browning A, Marshall GW, Yun W, Lau SH, Webb S, Ho SP. Mineral density volume gradients in normal and diseased human tissues. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121611. [PMID: 25856386 PMCID: PMC4391782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical computed tomography provides a single mineral density (MD) value for heterogeneous calcified tissues containing early and late stage pathologic formations. The novel aspect of this study is that, it extends current quantitative methods of mapping mineral density gradients to three dimensions, discretizes early and late mineralized stages, identifies elemental distribution in discretized volumes, and correlates measured MD with respective calcium (Ca) to phosphorus (P) and Ca to zinc (Zn) elemental ratios. To accomplish this, MD variations identified using polychromatic radiation from a high resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) benchtop unit were correlated with elemental mapping obtained from a microprobe X-ray fluorescence (XRF) using synchrotron monochromatic radiation. Digital segmentation of tomograms from normal and diseased tissues (N=5 per group; 40-60 year old males) contained significant mineral density variations (enamel: 2820-3095mg/cc, bone: 570-1415mg/cc, cementum: 1240-1340mg/cc, dentin: 1480-1590mg/cc, cementum affected by periodontitis: 1100-1220mg/cc, hypomineralized carious dentin: 345-1450mg/cc, hypermineralized carious dentin: 1815-2740mg/cc, and dental calculus: 1290-1770mg/cc). A plausible linear correlation between segmented MD volumes and elemental ratios within these volumes was established, and Ca/P ratios for dentin (1.49), hypomineralized dentin (0.32-0.46), cementum (1.51), and bone (1.68) were observed. Furthermore, varying Ca/Zn ratios were distinguished in adapted compared to normal tissues, such as in bone (855-2765) and in cementum (595-990), highlighting Zn as an influential element in prompting observed adaptive properties. Hence, results provide insights on mineral density gradients with elemental concentrations and elemental footprints that in turn could aid in elucidating mechanistic processes for pathologic formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabra I. Djomehri
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Susan Candell
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Case
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Browning
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Grayson W. Marshall
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Wenbing Yun
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - S. H. Lau
- Xradia Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Samuel Webb
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, California, United States of America
| | - Sunita P. Ho
- Division of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dong G, Dong Q, Liu Y, Lou B, Feng J, Wang K, Zhou X, Wu H. High-resolution micro-CT scanning as an innovative tool for evaluating dental hard tissue development. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2014; 15:4956. [PMID: 25207426 PMCID: PMC5875498 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v15i4.4956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcomputerized tomography (micro‐CT) allows discriminating very small changes in dental hard tissue volumes. The aim of the present study was to create a new method for obtaining high‐resolution, three‐dimensional images of dental hard tissue development using micro‐CT, and to observe the changes in dental hard tissue development and composition in growing rat pups. Tooth germs from rats at the end of the 20‐day embryonic period (E20) and during the neonatal period (D1‐14) were subjected to micro‐CT. Three‐dimensional reconstructions were analyzed to compare dental hard tissue formation and mineralization during the different development periods. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to confirm mineral density (MD). Dental hard tissue began to form during the E20, but the process was slow and resulted in minimal deposition. Hard tissue volume increased by approximately 0.040 mm3/day from E20 to D3, and by 0.12‐0.42 mm3/day after D3, peaking at 0.42 mm3/day at D12. This increase in hard tissue volume resulted in continuous increases in hard tissue thickness, from 90.0 ± 20.7 μm at E20 to 545.2 ± 14.1 μm by D14. MD was 298 ± 3.1 mg HA/cm at E20 and increased to 678.2 ± 6.1 mg HA/cm by D14. The degree of calcification also progressively increased during the first 14 days of development. Dental MD was strongly associated with calcification. This study indicates that micro‐CT is a nondestructive, high‐resolution, reliable, and innovative tool for the evaluation of volume and MD of dental hard tissues during development. Micro‐CT minimizes artifacts caused by sample preparation. PACS number: 87
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Besinis A, van Noort R, Martin N. Remineralization potential of fully demineralized dentin infiltrated with silica and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Dent Mater 2014; 30:249-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stavileci M, Hoxha V, Görduysus Ö, Tatar I, Laperre K, Hostens J, Küçükkaya S, Berisha M. Effects of preparation techniques on root canal shaping assessed by micro-computed tomography. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2013; 19:163-8. [PMID: 23760162 PMCID: PMC3692384 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.889350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Root canal shaping without any procedural error is of the utmost preference. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use micro-computed tomography to evaluate and compare the root canal shaping efficacy of ProTaper rotary files and standard stainless steel K-files. Material/Methods Sixty extracted upper second premolars were selected and were divided into 2 groups of 30. Before preparation, all samples were scanned by micro-CT. Then, 30 teeth were prepared with stainless steel files and the remaining 30 with ProTaper rotary files. Canal transportation and centering ability before and after root canal shaping were assessed using micro-CT. The amount and direction of canal transportation and the centering ratio of each instrument were determined in the coronal, middle, and apical parts of the canal. The 2 groups were statistically compared using one-way ANOVA. Results ProTaper rotary files gave less transportation (p<0.001) and better centering ability (p<0.00001) compared with stainless steel files. Conclusions The manual technique for preparation of root canals with stainless steel files produces more canal transportation, whereas rotary files remain more centered in the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Stavileci
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.
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Pei Y, Shi F, Chen H, Wei J, Zha H, Jiang R, Xu T. Personalized Tooth Shape Estimation From Radiograph and Cast. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2012; 59:2400-11. [PMID: 22084040 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2011.2174993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Pei
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), Department of Machine Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu BY, Lo ECM, Li CMT. Effect of silver and fluoride ions on enamel demineralization: a quantitative study using micro-computed tomography. Aust Dent J 2012; 57:65-70. [PMID: 22369560 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Y Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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30
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Villas-Bôas MH, Bernardineli N, Cavenago BC, Marciano M, del Carpio-Perochena A, de Moraes IG, Duarte MH, Bramante CM, Ordinola-Zapata R. Micro–Computed Tomography Study of the Internal Anatomy of Mesial Root Canals of Mandibular Molars. J Endod 2011; 37:1682-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pei-Feng J, Li-Ping W, Ji-Hong F, Yi-Kai L, Manas D. Morphological Asymmetry of the Atlas and Its Clinical Implications. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2011; 34:463-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee SP, Nam SE, Lee YM, Park YS, Hayashi K, Lee JB. The development of quantitative methods using virtual models for the measurement of tooth wear. Clin Anat 2011; 25:347-58. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.21238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bassed RB, Briggs C, Drummer OH. Age estimation and the developing third molar tooth: an analysis of an Australian population using computed tomography. J Forensic Sci 2011; 56:1185-91. [PMID: 21470234 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The third molar tooth is one of the few anatomical sites available for age estimation of unknown age individuals in the late adolescent years. Computed tomography (CT) images were assessed in an Australian population aged from 15 to 25 years for development trends, particularly concerning age estimation at the child/adult transition point of 18 years. The CT images were also compared to conventional radiographs to assess the developmental scoring agreement between the two and it was found that agreement of Demirjian scores between the two imaging modalities was excellent. The relatively wide age ranges (mean ± 2SD) indicate that the third molar is not a precise tool for age estimation (age ranges of 3-8 years) but is, however, a useful tool for discriminating the adult/child transition age of 18 years. In the current study 100% of females and 96% of males with completed roots were over 18 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Bassed
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine and Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Mineral densities and elemental content in different layers of healthy human enamel with varying teeth age. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:997-1004. [PMID: 21411061 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the mineral density, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) weight percent of healthy human enamel of varying human teeth age and enamel layers. METHODS Twenty human teeth were divided into "young" (18-24 years) and "old" (55 ≤ years) age groups. From each tooth, one enamel slab (approximately 8 mm × 2 mm × 1.5 mm) was obtained. All enamel slabs were embedded and scanned by micro-computed tomography. The scanned slices were reconstructed into a 3D image and regions of interest (ROIs) were defined. Then, the mineral density for each ROI was calculated. The Ca and P weight percent in the outer, middle, and inner enamel layers were quantified by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Finally, the data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Student's t-test. RESULTS In the two age groups, the mineral density, Ca and P weight percent decreased from outer to the inner enamel layer. The mineral density, Ca and P weight percent in the outer enamel layer in the old age group were significantly higher than those in the young age group (P<0.05); however, no age-dependent differences were observed for these properties in the middle and inner enamel layers (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The mineral density, Ca and P weight percent decreased from the outer to the inner enamel layers in the two age groups. In the outer enamel layer, the differences in these properties between the two age groups were significantly different; however, no region-dependent differences were observed in the middle and inner enamel layers.
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Bassed RB, Hill AJ. The use of computed tomography (CT) to estimate age in the 2009 Victorian Bushfire Victims: a case report. Forensic Sci Int 2010; 205:48-51. [PMID: 20875936 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of new imaging technologies is beginning to have an impact upon medico-legal death investigation in an increasing number of jurisdictions. Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging modality which is able to provide information to investigators without the need for a physically invasive autopsy in certain circumstances. The use of post-mortem CT as an aid to the identification of the victims of the Black Saturday bushfires is discussed with particular reference to dental age estimation. A case report is presented which demonstrates the ability of this imaging modality to separate individuals based upon dental development. Whilst CT is not yet able to adequately discriminate between differing restoration types and shapes, and therefore cannot be used for dental identification in the classic sense, the ability of this imaging modality to assess dental and skeletal development for the purpose of age estimation is valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Bassed
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine and the Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh St, Southbank, Melbourne, Australia.
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He B, Huang S, Jing J, Hao Y. Measurement of hydroxyapatite density and Knoop hardness in sound human enamel and a correlational analysis between them. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 55:134-41. [PMID: 20064635 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to measure the hydroxyapatite (HAP) density and Knoop hardness (KHN) of enamel slabs and to analyse the relationship between them. DESIGN Twenty enamel slabs (10 lingual sides and 10 buccal sides) were prepared and scanned with micro-CT. Tomographic images of each slab from dental cusp to dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) were reconstructed. On these three-dimensional (3D) images, regions of interest (ROIs) were defined at an interval of 50 microm, and the HAP density for each ROI was calculated. Then the polished surfaces were indented from cusp to DEJ at intervals of 50 microm with a Knoop indenter. Finally, the data were analysed with one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test, and linear regression analysis. RESULTS The HAP density and KHN decreased from the dental cusp to DEJ. Both HAP density and KHN in the outer-layer enamel were significantly higher than those in the middle- or inner-layer enamel (P<0.05). The HAP density showed no significant difference between the buccal and lingual sides for enamel in the outer, middle and inner layers, respectively (P>0.05). The KHN in the outer-layer enamel of the lingual sides was significantly lower than that of the buccal sides (P<0.05); there was no significant difference between the lingual and buccal sides in the middle or inner layer. Linear regression analysis revealed a linear relationship between the mean KHN and the mean HAP density (r=0.87). CONCLUSION Both HAP density and KHN decrease simultaneously from dental cusp to DEJ, and the two properties are highly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Gao Y, Peters OA, Wu H, Zhou X. An Application Framework of Three-dimensional Reconstruction and Measurement for Endodontic Research. J Endod 2009; 35:269-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kamburoglu K, Barenboim SF, Aritürk T, Kaffe I. Quantitative measurements obtained by micro-computed tomography and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2008; 37:385-91. [PMID: 18812600 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/57348961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare measurements obtained by micro-CT with those obtained by confocal laser scanning microscope in simulative internal resorption cavities. METHODS An extracted human maxillary central incisor tooth was divided into two in the coronal plane. Four artificial internal resorption cavities were prepared with standardized burs on each section, and diameters and volumes were measured using a laser scanning electron confocal microscope and a desktop cone beam micro-CT-40. Differences between means of quantitative measurements for both methods were tested using the paired t-test; the correlation between quantitative measurements was tested by regression analysis. RESULTS Mean diameter and volume differences between the two methods were 0.061 mm and 0.004 mm(3), respectively. Average diameter and volume calculations obtained by micro-CT were significantly lower (P < 0.001 for diameter and P < 0.01 for volume). A significantly strong relationship was found in the average diameters (R(2) = 92.9%) and calculated volumes (R(2) = 91%), (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although a strong correlation between both methods was found, micro-CT significantly underestimated the diameters and volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamburoglu
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Lee SP, Delong R, Hodges JS, Hayashi K, Lee JB. Predicting first molar width using virtual models of dental arches. Clin Anat 2007; 21:27-32. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.20580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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