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Li X, Zhou L, Xu X, Liu X, Wu W, Feng Q, Tang Z. Metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma: a bibliometric and visualized study from 2011 to 2023. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392241. [PMID: 39086383 PMCID: PMC11289777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Metabolic reprogramming has been found to be a typical feature of tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a cancer with high morbidity and mortality, has been extensively studied for its metabolic reprogramming-related mechanisms. Our study aims to identify the hotspots and frontiers of metabolic reprogramming research in HCC and to provide guidance for future scientific research and decision-making in HCC metabolism. Methods Relevant studies on the metabolic reprogramming of HCC were derived from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database up until November 2023. The bibliometrix tools in R were used for scientometric analysis and visualization. Results From 2011 to 2023, a total of 575 publications were obtained from WoSCC that met the established criteria. These publications involved 3,904 researchers and 948 organizations in 37 countries, with an average annual growth rate of 39.11% in research. These studies were published in 233 journals, with Cancers (n = 29) ranking first, followed by Frontiers in Oncology (n = 20) and International Journal of Molecular Sciences (n = 19). The top ten journals accounted for 26% of the 575 studies. The most prolific authors were Wang J (n = 14), Li Y (n = 12), and Liu J (n = 12). The country with the most publications is China, followed by the United States, Italy, and France. Fudan University had the largest percentage of research results with 15.48% (n = 89). Ally A's paper in Cell has the most citations. A total of 1,204 keywords were analyzed, with the trend themes such as "glycolysis," "tumor microenvironment," "Warburg effect," "mitochondria," "hypoxia ," etc. Co-occurrence network and cluster analysis revealed the relationships between keywords, authors, publications, and journals. Moreover, the close collaboration between countries in this field was elucidated. Conclusion This bibliometric and visual analysis delves into studies related to metabolic reprogramming in HCC between 2012 and 2023, elucidating the characteristics of research in this field, which has gradually moved away from single glycolipid metabolism studies to the integration of overall metabolism in the body, pointing out the trend of research topics, and the dynamics of the interaction between the tumor microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming will be the future direction of research, which provides blueprints and inspirations for HCC prevention and treatment programs to the researchers in this field. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.bibliometrix.org].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwei Tang
- The Beibei Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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2
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Cui Z, Li G, Shi Y, Zhao X, Wang J, Hu S, Chen C, Li G. A prognostic signature established based on genes related to tumor microenvironment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6537-6549. [PMID: 38579170 PMCID: PMC11042935 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex cellular signaling network in the tumor microenvironment (TME) could serve as an indicator for the prognostic classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to screen prognosis-related TME-related genes (TRGs), based on which HCC samples were clustered by running non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm. Furthermore, the correlation between different molecular HCC subtypes and immune cell infiltration level was analyzed. Finally, a risk score (RS) model was established by LASSO and Cox regression analyses (CRA) using these TRGs. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). RESULTS HCC patients were divided into three molecular subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) based on 704 prognosis-related TRGs. HCC subtype C1 had significantly better OS than C2 and C3. We selected 13 TRGs to construct the RS model. Univariate and multivariate CRA showed that the RS could independently predict patients' prognosis. A nomogram integrating the RS and clinicopathologic features of the patients was further created. We also validated the reliability of the model according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve value, concordance index (C-index), and decision curve analysis. The current findings demonstrated that the RS was significantly correlated with CD8+ T cells, monocytic lineage, and myeloid dendritic cells. CONCLUSION This study provided TRGs to help classify patients with HCC and predict their prognoses, contributing to personalized treatments for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfeng Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yanbin Shi
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shanlei Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Guangming Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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3
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De Biasi S, Gigan JP, Borella R, Santacroce E, Lo Tartaro D, Neroni A, Paschalidis N, Piwocka K, Argüello RJ, Gibellini L, Cossarizza A. Cell metabolism: Functional and phenotypic single cell approaches. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 186:151-187. [PMID: 38705598 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Several metabolic pathways are essential for the physiological regulation of immune cells, but their dysregulation can cause immune dysfunction. Hypermetabolic and hypometabolic states represent deviations in the magnitude and flexibility of effector cells in different contexts, for example in autoimmunity, infections or cancer. To study immunometabolism, most methods focus on bulk populations and rely on in vitro activation assays. Nowadays, thanks to the development of single-cell technologies, including multiparameter flow cytometry, mass cytometry, RNA cytometry, among others, the metabolic state of individual immune cells can be measured in a variety of samples obtained in basic, translational and clinical studies. Here, we provide an overview of different single-cell approaches that are employed to investigate both mitochondrial functions and cell dependence from mitochondria metabolism. Moreover, besides the description of the appropriate experimental settings, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches with the aim to suggest how to study cell metabolism in the settings of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Julien Paul Gigan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Rebecca Borella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Santacroce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico Lo Tartaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anita Neroni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafael José Argüello
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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4
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Yang G, Cheng J, Xu J, Shen C, Lu X, He C, Huang J, He M, Cheng J, Wang H. Metabolic heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. J Transl Med 2024; 22:210. [PMID: 38414015 PMCID: PMC10900752 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a prototypical tumor characterized by metabolic reprogramming, which extends beyond tumor cells to encompass diverse cell types within the tumor microenvironment. Nonetheless, current research on metabolic reprogramming in renal cell carcinoma mostly focuses on either tumor cells alone or conducts analyses of all cells within the tumor microenvironment as a mixture, thereby failing to precisely identify metabolic changes in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. METHODS Gathering 9 major single-cell RNA sequencing databases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, encompassing 195 samples. Spatial transcriptomics data were selected to conduct metabolic activity analysis with spatial localization. Developing scMet program to convert RNA-seq data into scRNA-seq data for downstream analysis. RESULTS Diverse cellular entities within the tumor microenvironment exhibit distinct infiltration preferences across varying histological grades and tissue origins. Higher-grade tumors manifest pronounced immunosuppressive traits. The identification of tumor cells in the RNA splicing state reveals an association between the enrichment of this particular cellular population and an unfavorable prognostic outcome. The energy metabolism of CD8+ T cells is pivotal not only for their cytotoxic effector functions but also as a marker of impending cellular exhaustion. Sphingolipid metabolism evinces a correlation with diverse macrophage-specific traits, particularly M2 polarization. The tumor epicenter is characterized by heightened metabolic activity, prominently marked by elevated tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis while the pericapsular milieu showcases a conspicuous enrichment of attributes associated with vasculogenesis, inflammatory responses, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The scMet facilitates the transformation of RNA sequencing datasets sourced from TCGA into scRNA sequencing data, maintaining a substantial degree of correlation. CONCLUSIONS The tumor microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma demonstrates significant metabolic heterogeneity across various cell types and spatial dimensions. scMet exhibits a notable capability to transform RNA sequencing data into scRNA sequencing data with a high degree of correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiangting Cheng
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuwei Lu
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Minke He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Urology, Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, 966Th Huaihai Middle Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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5
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Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Alishah A, Babajani B, Ebrahimi P, Sheikhi SA, Moosaei F, Salarfar A, Doostmohamadian S, Kazemi S. The Role of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Cancer: A Narrative Review Focused on Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241239188. [PMID: 38634139 PMCID: PMC11025440 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241239188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatic cancer ranks fourth in terms of cancer-related mortality and is the sixth most frequent kind of cancer. Around 80% of liver cancers are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), which are the leading cause of cancer death. It is well known that HCC may develop resistance to the available chemotherapy treatments very fast. One of the biggest obstacles in providing cancer patients with appropriate care is drug resistance. According to reports, more than 90% of cancer-specific fatalities are caused by treatment resistance. By binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding RNAs which are around 17 to 25 nucleotides long, regulate target gene expression. Moreover, they play role in the control of signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and cell death. As a result, miRNAs play an important role in the microenvironment of HCC by changing immune phenotypes, hypoxic conditions, and acidification, as well as angiogenesis and extracellular matrix components. Moreover, changes in miRNA levels in HCC can effectively resist cancer cells to chemotherapy by affecting various cellular processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and membrane transporter activity. In the current work, we narratively reviewed the role of miRNAs in HCC, with a special focus on tumor microenvironment and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Alishah
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahareh Babajani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Sheikhi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Moosaei
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | | | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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6
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Aasarey R, Yadav K, Kashyap BK, Prabha S, Kumar P, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Role of Immunological Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Disease and Associated Pathways. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1801-1816. [PMID: 38093838 PMCID: PMC10714437 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the predominant causes of cancer-related mortality across the globe. It is attributed to obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and infection by the hepatitis virus. Early diagnosis of HCC is essential, and local treatments such as surgical excision and percutaneous ablation are effective. Palliative systemic therapy, primarily with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib, is used in advanced cases. However, the prognosis for advanced HCC remains poor. This Review additionally describes the pathophysiological mechanisms of HCC, which include aberrant molecular signaling, genomic instability, persistent inflammation, and the paradoxical position of the immune system in promoting and suppressing HCC. The paper concludes by discussing the growing body of research on the relationship between mitochondria and HCC, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the progression of HCC. This Review focuses on immunological interactions between different mechanisms of HCC progression, including obesity, viral infection, and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Aasarey
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute
of Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Kajal Yadav
- Department
of Biotechnology, All India Institute of
Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department
of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284128, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarit Prabha
- Department
of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal-462003, Madhya Pradesh,India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Indian
Council of Medical Research, National Institute
of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), l-7, Sector-39, Noida-201301, National Capital Region, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Cheri-Manatu, Karmre, Kanke-835222, Ranchi, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Research
and Development Cell, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
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7
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Wang H, Yu L, Cheng L, Guo Z. The roles of lncRNAs in Th17-associated diseases, with special focus on JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3349-3359. [PMID: 37743424 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the most crucial T cell subsets in a variety of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory illnesses is T helper (Th) 17 cells. Th17 cells appear to have an essential role in the clearance of extracellular pathogens during infections. However, Th17 cells are also involved in inflammation and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases and human inflammatory conditions. Due to the involvement of Th17 cells in the onset of Th17-associated diseases, understanding molecular mechanisms of Th17 cell functions may open the door to developing tailored therapies to address these difficult disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms governing Th17 differentiation in various diseases are still not well understood. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway plays a critical role in immune responses and has been linked to various aspects of Th17 cell differentiation and function. In this article, we conducted a comprehensive review of various molecular mechanisms (JAK/STAT, microRNAs, etc.), that can affect the differentiation of Th17 cells in various Th17-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lanlan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, China.
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8
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Safari Yazd H, Bazargani SF, Fitzpatrick G, Yost RA, Kresak J, Garrett TJ. Metabolomic and Lipidomic Characterization of Meningioma Grades Using LC-HRMS and Machine Learning. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2187-2198. [PMID: 37708056 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Meningiomas are among the most common brain tumors that arise from the leptomeningeal cover of the brain and spinal cord and account for around 37% of all central nervous system tumors. According to the World Health Organization, meningiomas are classified into three histological subtypes: benign, atypical, and anaplastic. Sometimes, meningiomas with a histological diagnosis of benign tumors show clinical characteristics and behavior of aggressive tumors. In this study, we examined the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of meningioma tumors, focusing on comparing low-grade and high-grade tumors and identifying potential markers that can discriminate between benign and malignant tumors. High-resolution mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography was used for untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics analyses of 85 tumor biopsy samples with different meningioma grades. We then applied feature selection and machine learning techniques to find the features with the highest information to aid in the diagnosis of meningioma grades. Three biomarkers were identified to differentiate low- and high-grade meningioma brain tumors. The use of mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics combined with machine learning analyses to prospect and characterize biomarkers associated with meningioma grades may pave the way for elucidating potential therapeutic and prognostic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Safari Yazd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | | | - Garrett Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Richard A Yost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Jesse Kresak
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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9
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Wu X, Zhou Z, Cao Q, Chen Y, Gong J, Zhang Q, Qiang Y, Lu Y, Cao G. Reprogramming of Treg cells in the inflammatory microenvironment during immunotherapy: a literature review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268188. [PMID: 37753092 PMCID: PMC10518452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg), as members of CD4+ T cells, have garnered extensive attention in the research of tumor progression. Treg cells have the function of inhibiting the immune effector cells, preventing tissue damage, and suppressing inflammation. Under the stimulation of the tumor inflammatory microenvironment (IM), the reprogramming of Treg cells enhances their suppression of immune responses, ultimately promoting tumor immune escape or tumor progression. Reducing the number of Treg cells in the IM or lowering the activity of Treg cells while preventing their reprogramming, can help promote the body's anti-tumor immune responses. This review introduces a reprogramming mechanism of Treg cells in the IM; and discusses the regulation of Treg cells on tumor progression. The control of Treg cells and the response to Treg inflammatory reprogramming in tumor immunotherapy are analyzed and countermeasures are proposed. This work will provide a foundation for downregulating the immunosuppressive role of Treg in the inflammatory environment in future tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wu
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changde, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- School of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Gong
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Qianhu, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Undergraduate Department, Taishan University, Taian, China
| | - Yi Qiang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yanfeng Lu
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Guangzhu Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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10
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Xing L, Tang Y, Li L, Tao X. ROS in hepatocellular carcinoma: What we know. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109699. [PMID: 37499994 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a primary liver cancer subtype, has a poor prognosis due to its high degree of malignancy. The lack of early diagnosis makes systemic therapy the only hope for HCC patients with advanced disease; however, resistance to drugs is a major obstacle. In recent years, targeted molecular therapy has gained popularity as a potential treatment for HCC. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are cancer markers and a potential target for HCC therapy, can both promote and inhibit the disease. At present, many studies have examined targeted regulation of ROS in the treatment of HCC. Here, we reviewed the latest drugs that are still in the experimental stage, including nanocarrier drugs, exosome drugs, antibody drugs, aptamer drugs and polysaccharide drugs, to provide new hope for the clinical treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
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11
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De Simone G, Soldani C, Morabito A, Franceschini B, Ferlan F, Costa G, Pastorelli R, Donadon M, Brunelli L. Implication of metabolism in the polarization of tumor-associated-macrophages: the mass spectrometry-based point of view. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1193235. [PMID: 37503340 PMCID: PMC10368868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent one of the main tumor-infiltrating immune cell types and are generally categorized into either of two functionally contrasting subtypes, namely classical activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. TAMs showed different activation states that can be represent by the two extremes of the complex profile of macrophages biology, the M1-like phenotype (pro-inflammatory activity) and the M2-like phenotype (anti-inflammatory activity). Based on the tumor type, and grades, TAMs can acquire different functions and properties; usually, the M1-like phenotype is typical of early tumor stages and is associated to an anti-tumor activity, while M2-like phenotype has a pro-inflammatory activity and is related to a poor patients' prognosis. The classification of macrophages into M1/M2 groups based on well-defined stimuli does not model the infinitely more complex tissue milieu where macrophages (potentially of different origin) would be exposed to multiple signals in different sequential order. This review aims to summarize the recent mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) metabolomics findings about the modifications of metabolism in TAMs polarization in different tumors. The published data shows that MS-based metabolomics is a promising tool to help better understanding TAMs metabolic phenotypes, although it is still poorly applied for TAMs metabolism. The knowledge of key metabolic alterations in TAMs is an essential step for discovering TAMs polarization novel biomarkers and developing novel therapeutic approaches targeting TAM metabolism to repolarize TAMs towards their anti-tumor phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Simone
- Laboratory of Metabolites and Proteins in Translational Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, Università degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurelia Morabito
- Laboratory of Metabolites and Proteins in Translational Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Franceschini
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ferlan
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Costa
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- Laboratory of Metabolites and Proteins in Translational Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Department of General Surgery, University Maggiore Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Laboratory of Metabolites and Proteins in Translational Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Chakraborty S, Chakraborty A, Mukherjee B, Besra SE, Dewanjee S, Mukherjee A, Sen R, Ojha PK, Kumar V, Shaw TK, Ghosh P, Debnath MC, Ghosh MK. Assessment of superiority of HSP70-targeting aptamer-functionalized drug-nanocarrier over non-targeted commercially available counterpart in HCC therapy: in vitro and in vivo investigations and molecular modeling. Life Sci 2023; 317:121467. [PMID: 36736764 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This research aims to compare the therapeutic potential of target-specific phosphorothioate backbone-modified aptamer L5 (TLS9a)-functionalized paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded nanocarrier (PTX-NPL5) that we formulated with that of non-targeted commercial formulation, protein albumin-bound nanoparticles of PTX, Abraxane® (CF) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a myriad of preclinical investigations. MAIN METHODS A variety of in vitro and in vivo assays have been executed to compare the therapeutic effects of the formulations under investigation, including the investigation of the degree of apoptosis induction and its mechanism, cell cycle analysis, the level of ROS production, and redox status, the morphological and histological characteristics of malignant livers, and in vivo imaging. The formulations were also compared concerning pharmacokinetic behaviors. Finally, in silico molecular docking has been performed to predict the possible interactions between aptamer and target(s). KEY FINDINGS PTX-NPL5 exhibited therapeutic superiority over CF in terms of inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, endorsing oxidative stress to neoplastic cells, and reducing hepatic cancerous lesions. Unlike CF, PTX-NPL5 did not exhibit any significant toxicity in healthy hepatocytes, proving enough impetus regarding the distinctive superiority of PTX-NPL5 over CF. The pharmacokinetic analysis further supported superior penetration and retention of PTX-NPL5 in neoplastic hepatocytes compared to CF. A molecular modeling study proposed possible interaction between aptamer L5 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). SIGNIFICANCE The target-specificity of PTX-NPL5 towards neoplastic hepatocytes, probably achieved through HSP70 recognition, enhanced its therapeutic efficacy over CF, which may facilitate its real clinical deployment against HCC in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Chakraborty
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Apala Chakraborty
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Shila Elizabeth Besra
- Central Instrumentation Facility Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Alankar Mukherjee
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ramkrishna Sen
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Probir Kumar Ojha
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Shaw
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mita Chatterjee Debnath
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Miltu Kumar Ghosh
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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The Role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032652. [PMID: 36768977 PMCID: PMC9916527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Metabolic reprogramming is considered a new hallmark of cancer, but it remains unclearly described in HCC. The dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is common in HCC and is, therefore, a topic of further research and the concern of developing a novel target for liver cancer therapy. In this review, we illustrate mechanisms by which this signaling network is accountable for regulating HCC cellular metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and oxidative metabolism, and summarize the ongoing clinical trials based on the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC.
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14
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Cannito S, Dianzani U, Parola M, Albano E, Sutti S. Inflammatory processes involved in NASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20221271. [PMID: 36691794 PMCID: PMC9874450 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the recent years nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a growing cause of HCCs and the incidence of NAFLD-related HCCs is expected to further dramatically increase by the next decade. Chronic inflammation is regarded as the driving force of NAFLD progression and a key factor in hepatic carcinogenesis. Hepatic inflammation in NAFLD results from the persistent stimulation of innate immunity in response to hepatocellular injury and gut dysbiosis as well as by the activation of adaptive immunity. However, the relative roles of innate and adaptive immunity in the processes leading to HCC are still incompletely characterized. This is due to the complex interplay between different liver cell populations, which is also strongly influenced by gut-derived bacterial products, metabolic/nutritional signals. Furthermore, carcinogenic mechanisms in NAFLD/NASH appear to involve the activation of signals mediated by hypoxia inducible factors. This review discusses recent data regarding the contribution of different inflammatory cells to NAFLD-related HCC and their possible impact on patient response to current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Cannito
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, University of East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Parola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuele Albano
- Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, University of East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sutti
- Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, University of East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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15
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Ju MH, Jang EJ, Kang SH, Roh YH, Jeong JS, Han SH. Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of Prostate 4: An Indicator of Prognosis and Tumor Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:643-658. [PMID: 37101765 PMCID: PMC10124562 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s394973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (STEAP4) has been linked to tumor progression via its involvement in inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and metabolism. However, STEAP4 has rarely been studied in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We explored STEAP4 expression associated with tumor prognosis to understand its role in tumor biology in HCC. Patients and Methods STEAP4 mRNA and protein expressions were primarily analyzed using bioinformatics tools based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database to understand the expression pattern, molecular mechanism, prognostic impact, and association with immune cell infiltration. We further investigated the association between STEAP4 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters and their predictive value in HCC patients using immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays. Results The expression of STEAP4 mRNA and protein in HCC tissues was significantly lower than in normal liver tissues. Reduced expression of STEAP4 was linked to advanced HCC stages, poor recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival. Furthermore, reduced STEAP4 expression was a significant predictor of worse RFS in univariate and multivariate analyses in the immunohistochemical cohort. GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses revealed that STEAP4 is related to numerous biological processes and pathways, including drug metabolism, DNA replication, RNA metabolism, and immune response. In terms of the immune system, the decreased level of STEAP4 was correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Conclusion Our data indicated that reduced STEAP4 expression was significantly associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis, possibly because of its link to various biological processes and induction of HCC immune evasion. Therefore, STEAP4 expression may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancer progression and immunity, as well as a therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ha Ju
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Kang
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Roh
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Hee Han
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Song-Hee Han, Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26, Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-51-240-2863, Fax +82-51-240-7396, Email
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Pal S, Sharma A, Mathew SP, Jaganathan BG. Targeting cancer-specific metabolic pathways for developing novel cancer therapeutics. Front Immunol 2022; 13:955476. [PMID: 36618350 PMCID: PMC9815821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and phenotypic aberrations. Cancer cells undergo genetic modifications that promote their proliferation, survival, and dissemination as the disease progresses. The unabated proliferation of cancer cells incurs an enormous energy demand that is supplied by metabolic reprogramming. Cancer cells undergo metabolic alterations to provide for increased energy and metabolite requirement; these alterations also help drive the tumor progression. Dysregulation in glucose uptake and increased lactate production via "aerobic glycolysis" were described more than 100 years ago, and since then, the metabolic signature of various cancers has been extensively studied. However, the extensive research in this field has failed to translate into significant therapeutic intervention, except for treating childhood-ALL with amino acid metabolism inhibitor L-asparaginase. Despite the growing understanding of novel metabolic alterations in tumors, the therapeutic targeting of these tumor-specific dysregulations has largely been ineffective in clinical trials. This chapter discusses the major pathways involved in the metabolism of glucose, amino acids, and lipids and highlights the inter-twined nature of metabolic aberrations that promote tumorigenesis in different types of cancer. Finally, we summarise the therapeutic interventions which can be used as a combinational therapy to target metabolic dysregulations that are unique or common in blood, breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Pal
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sam Padalumavunkal Mathew
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bithiah Grace Jaganathan
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India,Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India,*Correspondence: Bithiah Grace Jaganathan,
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Meng Y, Xu X, Zuo D. The role of glycolysis and lactate in the induction of tumor-associated macrophages immunosuppressive phenotype. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108994. [PMID: 35777265 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence highlights that glycolysis and tumor-derived lactate could skew tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward an immunosuppressive phenotype. However, the updated research has not been systematically summarized yet. TAMs are educated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert immunosuppressive functions and tumorigenic effects via multiple biological processes. It is well known that lactate generated by aerobic glycolysis is significantly accumulated in TME and promotes tumor progression in solid tumors. Moreover, some recent research demonstrated that glycolysis is activated in TAMs to support M2-like polarization, which is absolutely in contrast with the metabolic profile of M2 macrophages in inflammation. Notably, lactate produced by high levels of glycolysis is not only a metabolic by-product but also an oncometabolite. TAMs could access the biological information delivered by lactate and further enhance protumor functions such as immunosuppression and angiogenesis. Here, we outline the connection between glycolysis and TAM phenotype to elucidate the metabolic characteristics of TAMs. Further, insights into the specific molecular mechanisms of lactate-induced TAM polarization and potential therapeutic targets are summarized. We sought to discuss the reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and TAMs mediated by lactate, which will lay a foundation for the research aiming to elucidate the complex functions of TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Vishnoi K, Kumar S, Ke R, Rana A, Rana B. Dysregulation of immune checkpoint proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma: Impact on metabolic reprogramming. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sung JY, Cheong JH. New Immunometabolic Strategy Based on Cell Type-Specific Metabolic Reprogramming in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Cells 2022; 11:768. [PMID: 35269390 PMCID: PMC8909366 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is an emerging discipline in cancer immunotherapy. Tumor tissues are heterogeneous and influenced by metabolic reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). In the TIME, multiple cell types interact, and the tumor and immune cells compete for limited nutrients, resulting in altered anticancer immunity. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming of individual cell types may influence the outcomes of immunotherapy. Understanding the metabolic competition for access to limited nutrients between tumor cells and immune cells could reveal the breadth and complexity of the TIME and aid in developing novel therapeutic approaches for cancer. In this review, we highlight that, when cells compete for nutrients, the prevailing cell type gains certain advantages over other cell types; for instance, if tumor cells prevail against immune cells for nutrients, the former gains immune resistance. Thus, a strategy is needed to selectively suppress such resistant tumor cells. Although challenging, the concept of cell type-specific metabolic pathway inhibition is a potent new strategy in anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yong Sung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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The Role of Long Non-Coding RNA and microRNA Networks in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910630. [PMID: 34638971 PMCID: PMC8508708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common liver malignancy with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in crucial biological processes of tumorigenesis and progression, and play four major regulatory roles, namely signal, decoy, guide, and scaffold, to regulate gene expression. Through these processes, lncRNAs can target microRNAs (miRNAs) to form lncRNA and miRNA networks, which regulate cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and the tumor microenvironment. Here, we summarize the multifaceted functions of lncRNA and miRNA networks in the pathogenesis of HCC, the potential use of diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and novel therapeutic targets in HCC. This review also highlights the regulatory effects of lncRNA and miRNA networks in the tumor microenvironment of HCC.
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