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Mahapatra B, Singh A, Banerjee A, Sirohi S, Singh S, Dubey VK, Singh RK. A squalene oil emulsified MPL-A and anti-CD200/CD300a antibodies adjuvanted whole-killed Leishmania vaccine provides durable immunity against L. donovani parasites. Vaccine 2024; 42:126373. [PMID: 39288578 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Antigenic inefficacy to induce robust immune responses and durable memory are major causes of constantly failing prophylactic approaches in leishmaniasis. Here, we determine the potential of a standardized whole-killed Leishmania vaccine (Leishvacc) adjuvanted with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies, either alone or with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL-SE) emulsified in squalene oil, in restoring the compromised antigen presenting abilities of dendritic cells (DCs), effector properties of CD4+T cells and providing protection against Leishmania donovani parasites. In animals vaccinated with antibodies adjuvanted vaccines, either alone or with MPL-SE, the antigen presenting abilities of CD11c+ DCs against Leishmania antigens, measured in terms of CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II surface receptors and intracellular IL-12 were found enhanced than non-adjuvanted vaccine. We observed more proliferative and pro-inflammatory cytokines i.e. IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-23, and IL-12 producing CD4+T cells in antibodies/MPL-SE adjuvanted vaccinated animals further suggesting that this approach helps antigen activated CD4+T cells to acquire pro-inflammatory cytokines producing abilities. In antibodies, either alone or with MPL-SE, vaccinated animals, the number of CD4+ central memory T cells and their longevity were found significantly enhanced that further evidenced the impact of this vaccination approach in inducing long term protective immunity. The animals, receiving antibodies adjuvanted vaccines, either alone or with MPL-SE, exhibited excellent protection against virulent parasites by restricting their growth, which correlated with the significantly reduced parasitemia, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly, along with fewer numbers of liver granulomas. Our findings provide an insight to a new immunoprophylactic approach against visceral leishmaniasis, which not only satisfies the safety criteria, but also provides a robust immunogenic response with remarkable potential for parasites control. However, further in-depth investigations are needed to ascertain its ability in inducing long-lasting immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishakhi Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arpita Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shruti Sirohi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Samer Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vikash K Dubey
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Liu N, Sun W, Gao W, Yan S, Yang C, Zhang J, Ni B, Zhang L, Zang J, Zhang S, Xu D. CD300e: Emerging role and mechanism as an immune-activating receptor. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112055. [PMID: 38677094 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
As a transmembrane protein, CD300e is primarily expressed in myeloid cells. It belongs to the CD300 glycoprotein family, functioning as an immune-activating receptor. Dysfunction of CD300e has been suggested in many diseases, such as infections, immune disorders, obesity, and diabetes, signifying its potential as a key biomarker for disease diagnosis and treatment. This review is aimed to explore the roles and potential mechanisms of CD300e in regulating oxidative stress, immune cell activation, tissue damage and repair, and lipid metabolism, shedding light on its role as a diagnostic marker or a therapeutic target, particularly for infections and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Weixing Gao
- Office of the First Clinical Medical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Shushan Yan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China; Department of Rheumatology of the Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Biao Ni
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Sue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
| | - Donghua Xu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital & the First Clinical College, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261000, China; Department of Rheumatology of the Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Tiberio L, Laffranchi M, Zucchi G, Salvi V, Schioppa T, Sozzani S, Del Prete A, Bosisio D. Inhibitory receptors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells as possible targets for checkpoint blockade in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360291. [PMID: 38504978 PMCID: PMC10948453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the major producers of type I interferons (IFNs), which are essential to mount antiviral and antitumoral immune responses. To avoid exaggerated levels of type I IFNs, which pave the way to immune dysregulation and autoimmunity, pDC activation is strictly regulated by a variety of inhibitory receptors (IRs). In tumors, pDCs display an exhausted phenotype and correlate with an unfavorable prognosis, which largely depends on the accumulation of immunosuppressive cytokines and oncometabolites. This review explores the hypothesis that tumor microenvironment may reduce the release of type I IFNs also by a more pDC-specific mechanism, namely the engagement of IRs. Literature shows that many cancer types express de novo, or overexpress, IR ligands (such as BST2, PCNA, CAECAM-1 and modified surface carbohydrates) which often represent a strong predictor of poor outcome and metastasis. In line with this, tumor cells expressing ligands engaging IRs such as BDCA-2, ILT7, TIM3 and CD44 block pDC activation, while this blocking is prevented when IR engagement or signaling is inhibited. Based on this evidence, we propose that the regulation of IFN secretion by IRs may be regarded as an "innate checkpoint", reminiscent of the function of "classical" adaptive immune checkpoints, like PD1 expressed in CD8+ T cells, which restrain autoimmunity and immunopathology but favor chronic infections and tumors. However, we also point out that further work is needed to fully unravel the biology of tumor-associated pDCs, the neat contribution of pDC exhaustion in tumor growth following the engagement of IRs, especially those expressed also by other leukocytes, and their therapeutic potential as targets of combined immune checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zucchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Yuan S, Gao M, Wang Y, Lan Y, Li M, Du Y, Li Y, Ju W, Huang Y, Yuan K, Zeng L. PHF6 loss reduces leukemia stem cell activity in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:66. [PMID: 38336746 PMCID: PMC10858464 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant hematologic disease caused by gene mutations and genomic rearrangements in hematologic progenitors. The PHF6 (PHD finger protein 6) gene is highly conserved and located on the X chromosome in humans and mice. We found that PHF6 was highly expressed in AML cells with MLL rearrangement and was related to the shortened survival time of AML patients. In our study, we knocked out the Phf6 gene at different disease stages in the AML mice model. Moreover, we knocked down PHF6 by shRNA in two AML cell lines and examined the cell growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle. We found that PHF6 deletion significantly inhibited the proliferation of leukemic cells and prolonged the survival time of AML mice. Interestingly, the deletion of PHF6 at a later stage of the disease displayed a better anti-leukemia effect. The expressions of genes related to cell differentiation were increased, while genes that inhibit cell differentiation were decreased with PHF6 knockout. It is very important to analyze the maintenance role of PHF6 in AML, which is different from its tumor-suppressing function in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Our study showed that inhibiting PHF6 expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy targeting AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yuan
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingming Gao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanjie Lan
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Mengrou Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuwei Du
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujin Huang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Yuan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang CZ, Zhang ZQ, Zhang Y, Zheng LF, Liu Y, Yan AT, Zhang YC, Chang QH, Sha S, Xu ZJ. Comprehensive characterization of TGFB1 across hematological malignancies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19107. [PMID: 37925591 PMCID: PMC10625629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TGFB1, which encodes TGF-β1, a potent cytokine regulating varies cellular processes including immune responses. TGF-β1 plays context-dependent roles in cancers and is increasingly recognized as a therapeutic target to enhance immunotherapy responses. We comprehensively evaluated expression of TGFB1 and its clinical and biological effects across hematological malignancies. TGFB1 expression was first explored using data from the GTEx, CCLE, and TCGA databases. The expression and clinical significances of TGFB1 in hematological malignancies were analyzed using Hemap and our In Silico curated datasets. We also analyzed the relationship between TGFB1 with immune scores and immune cell infiltrations in Hemap. We further assessed the value of TGFB1 in predicting immunotherapy response using TIDE and real-world immunotherapy datasets. TGFB1 showed a hematologic-tissue-specific expression pattern both across normal tissues and cancer types. TGFB1 expression were broadly dysregulated in blood cancers and generally associated with adverse prognosis. TGFB1 expression were associated with distinct TME properties among different blood cancer types. In addition, TGFB1 expression was found to be a useful marker in predicting immunotherapy responses. Our results suggest that TGFB1 is broadly dysregulated in hematological malignancies. TGFB1 might regulate the immune microenvironment in a cancer-type-specific manner, which could be applied in the development of new targeted drugs for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Zhu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zi-Qi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liang-Feng Zheng
- Laboratory Center, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Ai-Ting Yan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuan-Cui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Zhenjiang Third Hospital of Jiangsu University, 1 Dingmao Bridge, Youth Square, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Qing-Hua Chang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Zhenjiang Third Hospital of Jiangsu University, 1 Dingmao Bridge, Youth Square, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
| | - Suo Sha
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226600, China.
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Rd., Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
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Singh R, Anand A, Mahapatra B, Saini S, Singh A, Singh S, Kumar V, Das P, Singh S, Singh RK. Adjuvantation of whole-killed Leishmania vaccine with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies potentiates its efficacy and provides protection against wild-type parasites. Mol Immunol 2023; 163:136-146. [PMID: 37778149 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the major reasons behind the limited success of vaccine candidates against all forms of leishmaniasis is the inability of parasitic antigens to induce robust cell-mediated immunity and immunological memory. Here we find, for the first time, that the adjuvantation of whole-killed Leishmania vaccine (Leishvacc) with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies enhances CD4+ T cells mediated immunity in vaccinated mice and provides protection against wild-type parasites. The antibody adjuvantation, either alone or with a TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl A (MPL-A), induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines viz., IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 by antigen experienced CD4+ T cells, and also enhanced their rate of conversion into their memory phenotypes against Leishvacc antigens. The antibody adjuvanted vaccine also promoted the generation of IgG2a-mediated protective humoral immunity in vaccinated mice. Further, the mice vaccinated with antibodies adjuvanted vaccine showed strong resilience against metacyclic forms of L. donovani parasites as we observed reduced clinical features such as splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, granulomatous tissues in the liver, and parasitic load in their spleen. The findings of this study demonstrate that the anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies have potential to increase the protective efficacy of the whole-killed Leishmania vaccine, and opens up a new gateway to diversify the roles of immune checkpoints in vaccine development against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anshul Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Baishakhi Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shashi Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Samer Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute, Patna 800007, Bihar, India
| | - Pradeep Das
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010, WB, India
| | - Sangram Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Dr. RMLA University, Ayodhya 224001, India
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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