1
|
Tseng CC, Ding YW, Chen ZY, Lan HY, Li HJ, Cheng YS, Kuo TS, Chen PL, Wu WC, Shi FK, Yang T, Liu HJ. A Bis-Cyclopentadienyl Ligand-Supported Di-Iron Trihydride Motif as a Synthon for Access to Heterobimetallic Trinuclear Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11361-11368. [PMID: 38815165 PMCID: PMC11190976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a flexible bis-cyclopentadienyl ligand L (the doubly deprotonated form of H2L (1,3-bis(2,4-di-tert-butylcyclopentadienyldimethylsilyl)benzene)), demonstrating its ability to stabilize a series of di-iron hydrido complexes. Notably, this ligand facilitates the isolation of an unprecedented anionic cyclopentadienyl ligand-supported di-iron trihydride complex, LFe2(μ-H)3Li(THF) (2), functioning as a synthon for the [Fe2(μ-H)3]- core and providing access to heterobimetallic complexes 4-6 with coinage metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ching Tseng
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wun Ding
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - Zhong-Yue Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yuan Lan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jung Li
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - You-Song Cheng
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shen Kuo
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300044, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Wu
- Rezwave
Technology Inc., 3F-5,
79, Hsin Tai Wu Rd., Sec.1, HsiChih District, New Taipei City 221432, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ku Shi
- Rezwave
Technology Inc., 3F-5,
79, Hsin Tai Wu Rd., Sec.1, HsiChih District, New Taipei City 221432, Taiwan
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Ju Liu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
- Center
for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Rd, East District, Hsinchu City 300093, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Landaeta VR, Horsley Downie TM, Wolf R. Low-Valent Transition Metalate Anions in Synthesis, Small Molecule Activation, and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1323-1463. [PMID: 38354371 PMCID: PMC10906008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This review surveys the synthesis and reactivity of low-oxidation state metalate anions of the d-block elements, with an emphasis on contributions reported between 2006 and 2022. Although the field has a long and rich history, the chemistry of transition metalate anions has been greatly enhanced in the last 15 years by the application of advanced concepts in complex synthesis and ligand design. In recent years, the potential of highly reactive metalate complexes in the fields of small molecule activation and homogeneous catalysis has become increasingly evident. Consequently, exciting applications in small molecule activation have been developed, including in catalytic transformations. This article intends to guide the reader through the fascinating world of low-valent transition metalates. The first part of the review describes the synthesis and reactivity of d-block metalates stabilized by an assortment of ligand frameworks, including carbonyls, isocyanides, alkenes and polyarenes, phosphines and phosphorus heterocycles, amides, and redox-active nitrogen-based ligands. Thereby, the reader will be familiarized with the impact of different ligand types on the physical and chemical properties of metalates. In addition, ion-pairing interactions and metal-metal bonding may have a dramatic influence on metalate structures and reactivities. The complex ramifications of these effects are examined in a separate section. The second part of the review is devoted to the reactivity of the metalates toward small inorganic molecules such as H2, N2, CO, CO2, P4 and related species. It is shown that the use of highly electron-rich and reactive metalates in small molecule activation translates into impressive catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of organic molecules and the reduction of N2, CO, and CO2. The results discussed in this review illustrate that the potential of transition metalate anions is increasingly being tapped for challenging catalytic processes with relevance to organic synthesis and energy conversion. Therefore, it is hoped that this review will serve as a useful resource to inspire further developments in this dynamic research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sellin M, Krossing I. Homoleptic Transition Metal Carbonyl Cations: Synthetic Approaches, Characterization and Follow-Up Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2776-2787. [PMID: 37668537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusCarbon monoxide, CO, is one of the most important ligands in organometallic chemistry. It is an excellent π-acceptor and a moderate σ-donor. Therefore, most of the known transition metal carbonyls (TMCs) exhibit a zerovalent or even negative metal oxidation state (OS) of up to -4. However, given the right conditions, the carbonyl ligand also forms homoleptic cationic complexes with one or more transition metal atoms, the transition metal carbonyl cations (TMCCs), known with an OS of up to +3. Despite their long-standing history upon discovery of the first [M(CO)6]+ examples (M = Mn, Tc, Re) by E. O. Fischer in 1962 as well as their very fundamental nature, it took until the 1990s for the scope to be widened by Aubke, Strauss and Willner. Yet, many potential TMCC entries known from gas-phase mass spectrometry work remained unknown on preparative grounds. This is due to their high reactivity, which puts scientists to new challenges and encourages the development of suitable solvents, anions and oxidants, to cope with the demands of these fundamental salts─later referred to as pseudo-gas-phase conditions and innocent deelectronators and solvents.Hence, the utilization of extremely weakly coordinating perfluorinated alkoxyaluminates [Al(ORF)4]- and [F{Al(ORF)3}2]- (ORF = -OC(CF3)3) in combination with the polar but non- or weakly coordinating innocent solvents 1,2-difluorobenzene (oDFB) and 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene (TFB) yielded the first TMCC salts containing heptacoordinate [M(CO)7]+ (M = Nb, Ta) as well as paramagnetic [M(CO)6]+· (M = Cr, Mo, W) or [Ni(CO)4]+·. However, the use of typical inorganic oxidants Ag+, [NO]+ and Ag+/0.5 I2 regularly led to unwanted side reactions. For example, the Lewis acidic silver(I) cations form Lewis pairs with various Lewis basic TMCs yielding partly clustered [Agx{TMC}y]x+ complex salts, while nitrosonium cations may substitute for carbonyl ligands, forming [M(CO)x-1(NO)]+ complexes. The synergistic oxidizing reagent Ag+/0.5 X2 can add halonium ions X+ to the TMCs (X = Cl, Br, I). This prevented the synthesis of univalent group 8 TMCC salts. Yet, the application of radical cation salts of perfluorinated arenes as innocent deelectronators finally yielded salts of [Fe(CO)5]+· and [M3(CO)14]2+ (M = Ru, Os).TMCC salts are excellent starting materials, and the reaction of [Co(CO)5]+ and [Ni(CO)4]+· with benzene led to the previously unknown bis(benzene) sandwich complexes [Co(benzene)2]+ and [Ni(benzene)2]+·. Under the right conditions, even the very weakly bound oDFB-complex salts with [M(oDFB)2]+ (M = Co, Ni) cations form, useful as naked metal(I) synthons and for small-molecule activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sellin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rall JM, Schorpp M, Keilwerth M, Mayländer M, Friedmann C, Daub M, Richert S, Meyer K, Krossing I. Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Iron Pentacarbonyl Radical Cation Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204080. [PMID: 35543697 PMCID: PMC9401057 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The open‐shell iron pentacarbonyl cation [Fe(CO)5].+ was isolated by deelectronation, i.e., the single‐electron oxidation of the parent neutral Fe(CO)5 using [phenazineF].+ as the [Al(ORF)4]− and [F‐{Al(ORF)3}2]− salt (RF=C(CF3)3; phenazineF=perfluoro‐5,10‐bis(perfluorophenyl)‐5,10‐dihydrophenazine). [Fe(CO)5].+[Al(ORF)4]− was fully characterized (scXRD analysis, IR, NMR, EPR, 57Fe spectroscopy, CV and SQUID magnetization study) and, apart from being a compound of fundamental interest, may serve as a precursor for low‐valent iron coordination chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Rall
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Martin Keilwerth
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department für Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstrasse 1 91059 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maximilian Mayländer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Christian Friedmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Michael Daub
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department für Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstrasse 1 91059 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rall JM, Schorpp M, Keilwerth M, Mayländer M, Friedmann C, Daub M, Richert S, Meyer K, Krossing I. Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Iron Pentacarbonyl Radical Cation Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M. Rall
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Marcel Schorpp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Martin Keilwerth
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department für Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstrasse 1 91059 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maximilian Mayländer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Christian Friedmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Michael Daub
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sabine Richert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Department für Chemie und Pharmazie Anorganische Chemie Egerlandstrasse 1 91059 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie und Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jach F, Block T, Prots Y, Schmidt M, Bobnar M, Pöttgen R, Ruck M, Höhn P. Non-innocent cyanido ligands: tetracyanidoferrate(-II) as carbonyl copycat. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7811-7816. [PMID: 35420108 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00833e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While a negative oxidation state occurs rarely for metals in general, this is commonly known for metal carbonyl anions, i.e. carbonyl metalates. Although CO and CN- are isoelectronic, cyanidometalates usually do not exhibit metal centers with negative oxidation states. However, we report on the electron-rich tetrahedral tetracyanidoferrate(-II) anion [Fe(CN)4]6-, which was stabilized in (Sr3N)2[Fe(CN)4] (space group R3c, a = 702.12(2) pm, c = 4155.5(2) pm). Microcrystalline powders were synthesized by a solid-state route, single crystals were obtained from Na metal flux. In comparison to classical cyanidometalates, C-N distances are longer and stretching frequencies are lower as indicated by X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Weak C-N, strong Fe-C bonds as well as the anion geometry resemble the isoelectronic tetrahedral carbonyl ferrate [Fe(CO)4]2-. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements reveal a negative isomer shift in agreement with substantially delocalized d electrons due to strong π back-bonding. These results point to a very similar bonding situation of both 18e tetracyanido and tetracarbonyl ferrates including non-innocent redox-active ligands and a d10 closed shell configuration on iron. Hereby, new tetracyanidoferrate(-II) provides a missing link for a more in-depth understanding of the chemical bonding trends of highly-reduced cyanidometalates in the quest for even higher reduced transition metals in this exceptional class of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Jach
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany. .,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa Block
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Yurii Prots
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Matej Bobnar
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany. .,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Höhn
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang H, Wang Y, Li H, Hu Y, Fan Q, King RB, Schaefer HF. Adiabatic Electron Detachment Energies, Reaction Barriers, Chemical Balance, and Ligand Effects on the Nucleophilicities of Metal Carbonyl Monoanions. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Wang
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yanshu Wang
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Huidong Li
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yucheng Hu
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Qunchao Fan
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - R. Bruce King
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ward RJ, Pividori D, Carpentier A, Tarlton ML, Kelley SP, Maron L, Meyer K, Walensky JR. Isolation of a [Fe(CO)4]2–-Bridged Diuranium Complex Obtained via Reduction of Fe(CO)5 with Uranium(III). Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Daniel Pividori
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ambre Carpentier
- Université de Toulouse and CNRS, INSA, UPS, CNRS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Michael L. Tarlton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse and CNRS, INSA, UPS, CNRS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Inorganic Chemistry, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Justin R. Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Drance MJ, Wang S, Gembicky M, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Probing for Four-Coordinate Zerovalent Iron in a π-Acidic Ligand Field: A Functional Source of FeL4 Enabled by Labile Dinitrogen Binding. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myles J. Drance
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ren S, Wang Y, Yang F, Sun H, Li X. Dehydration of primary amides to nitriles catalyzed by [CNC]-pincer hydrido cobalt(III) complexes. CATAL COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
11
|
Causero A, Ballmann G, Pahl J, Färber C, Intemann J, Harder S. β-Diketiminate calcium hydride complexes: the importance of solvent effects. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:1822-1831. [PMID: 28112329 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2·S complexes (DIPPnacnac = HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr-C6H3)]2; S = solvent) could be obtained by the addition of S = THF, DME or N-Me-morpholine (Morph) to (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2·OEt2 or (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2. Crystal structures for complexes with S = DME and Morph are compared to literature-known structures with S = none, THF or Et2O. Bulkier and weaker Lewis bases like the tertiary amines Et3N, TMEDA and DABCO did not interact with (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2. The reaction of (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2 with PhSiH3 gave conversion to a calcium hydride complex that dismutated in (DIPPnacnac)2Ca and CaH2. The reaction of (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2·S with PhSiH3 gave [(DIPPnacnac)CaH·S]2 for S = THF, Et2O or N-Me-morpholine (Morph). For S = DME, high reaction temperatures were needed and dismutation into (DIPPnacnac)2Ca and CaH2 was observed. Extensive NMR investigations (VT-NMR and PGSE) confirm the dimeric nature of [(DIPPnacnac)CaH·THF]2 in aromatic solvents or in THF. Thermal decomposition of [(DIPPnacnac)CaH·THF]2 (release of H2 at 200 °C) is compared to that of Mg and Zn analogues. Weakly coordinating Et2O in [(DIPPnacnac)CaH·OEt2]2 could be replaced by THF, Morph or DABCO but not with Et3N. The addition of TMEDA led to the formation of CaH2 and unidentified products. The addition of DME led to the decomposition of Et2O and complex [(DIPPnacnac)CaOEt]2 was obtained. Crystal structures of the following compounds are presented: (DIPPnacnac)CaN(SiMe3)2·S (S = Morph, DME), [(DIPPnacnac)CaH·S]2 (S = Et2O, Morph and DABCO) and [(DIPPnacnac)CaOEt]2. Although bulky ligands have long been thought to be the key to the stabilization of calcium hydride complexes, the presence of a polar, strongly coordinating, co-solvent is also crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Causero
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Ballmann
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Pahl
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christian Färber
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julia Intemann
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maitland B, Wiesinger M, Langer J, Ballmann G, Pahl J, Elsen H, Färber C, Harder S. A Simple Route to Calcium and Strontium Hydride Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brant Maitland
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Michael Wiesinger
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Gerd Ballmann
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jürgen Pahl
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Holger Elsen
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christian Färber
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Maitland B, Wiesinger M, Langer J, Ballmann G, Pahl J, Elsen H, Färber C, Harder S. A Simple Route to Calcium and Strontium Hydride Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11880-11884. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brant Maitland
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Michael Wiesinger
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Gerd Ballmann
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jürgen Pahl
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Holger Elsen
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christian Färber
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry; Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Carpenter AE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. A Well-Defined Isocyano Analogue of HCo(CO)4. 1: Synthesis, Decomposition, and Catalytic 1,1-Hydrogenation of Isocyanides. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bistoni G, Rampino S, Scafuri N, Ciancaleoni G, Zuccaccia D, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F. How π back-donation quantitatively controls the CO stretching response in classical and non-classical metal carbonyl complexes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:1174-1184. [PMID: 29910872 PMCID: PMC5975789 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02971f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The CO stretching response upon coordination to a metal M to form [(L) n M(CO)] m complexes (L is an auxiliary ligand) is investigated in relation to the σ donation and π back-donation components of the M-CO bond and to the electrostatic effect exerted by the ligand-metal fragment. Our analysis encompasses over 30 carbonyls, in which the relative importance of donation, back-donation and electrostatics are varied either through the ligand in a series of [(L)Au(CO)]0/+ gold(i) complexes, or through the metal in a series of anionic, neutral and cationic homoleptic carbonyls. Charge-displacement analysis is used to obtain well-defined, consistent measures of σ donation and π back-donation charges, as well as to quantify the σ and π components of CO polarization. It is found that all complexes feature a comparable charge flow of σ symmetry (both in the M-CO bonding region and in the CO fragment itself), which is therefore largely uncorrelated to CO response. By contrast, π back-donation is exceptionally variable and is found to correlate tightly with the change in CO bond distance, with the shift in CO stretching frequency, and with the extent and direction (C → O or C ← O) of the CO π polarization. As a result, we conclusively show that π back-donation can be an important bond component also in non-classical carbonyls and we provide the framework in which the spectroscopic data on coordinated CO can be used to extract quantitative information on the π donor properties of metal-ligand moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bistoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy . ; ;
| | - Sergio Rampino
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy . ; ;
| | - Nicola Scafuri
- Institut Charles Gerhardt , Université Moltpellier 2 , ENSCM 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon , 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy . ; ;
| | - Daniele Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Fisica e Ambiente , Via del Cotonificio 108 , 33100 Udine , Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy . ; ;
| | - Francesco Tarantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy . ; ;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou H, Sun H, Zhang S, Li X. Synthesis and Reactivity of a Hydrido CNC Pincer Cobalt(III) Complex and Its Application in Hydrosilylation of Aldehydes and Ketones. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om5011929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, 250199 Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, 250199 Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shumiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, 250199 Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, 250199 Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jegelka M, Plietker B. Dual Catalysis: Vinyl Sulfones through Tandem Iron‐Catalyzed Allylic Sulfonation Amine‐Catalyzed Isomerization. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Jegelka
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany), Fax: (+49) 711‐685 64285
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart (Germany), Fax: (+49) 711‐685 64285
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dieskau AP, Holzwarth MS, Plietker B. Fe-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions: The Regioselective Alkoxy Allylation of Activated Olefins and its Application in Sequential Fe Catalysis. Chemistry 2012; 18:2423-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Calderazzo F, Masi F, Pampaloni G. Homonuclear and heteronuclear transition metal complexes by syn-proportionation reactions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Plietker B, Dieskau A. The Reincarnation of the Hieber Anion [Fe(CO)
3
(NO)]
–
– a New Venue in Nucleophilic Metal Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Plietker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - André Dieskau
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cotton FA, Murillo CA, Zhao Q. A Rare Dimer of Dimers Having Four Hydride Linkers Joining Two Quadruply Bonded Dimolybdenum Units. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:6858-63. [PMID: 17665907 DOI: 10.1021/ic701048d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydride anions, H-, have been found to cause the assembly of dimolybdenum units [Mo2(cis-DAniF)2]2+, DAniF = N,N'-di(p-anisyl)formamidinate, forming a tetranuclear complex [Mo2(cis-DAniF)2]2(mu-H)4 (1) with an Mo4H4 core that may be described as an elongated tetrahedron in which the H atoms are along the four long edges of such tetrahedron and the Mo2 units are along the short edges. The two quadruply bonded dimolybdenum units, separated by only 2.718 A, are essentially orthogonal. This gives the shortest [Mo2]...[Mo2] distance known for complexes with multiple dimolybdenum units. DFT calculations indicate that the energy of a cuboidal isomer is only 3.8 kcal/mol above that of 1, but such an isomer has not been observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Albert Cotton
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Molecular Structure and Bonding, P.O. Box 3012, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77842-3012, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Heinekey DM. Transition metal dihydrogen complexes: isotope effects on reactivity and structure. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
25
|
Ellis JE. Adventures with Substances Containing Metals in Negative Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:3167-86. [PMID: 16602773 DOI: 10.1021/ic052110i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A brief history of substances containing s,p- and d-block metals in negative oxidation states is described. A classification of these species and discussions of formal oxidation state assignments for low-valent transition metals in complexes are included, along with comments on the innocent and noninnocent character of ligands in metalates. Syntheses of highly reduced carbonyl complexes formally containing transition metals in their lowest known oxidation states of III- and IV- are discussed. Atmospheric-pressure syntheses of early-transition-metal carbonyls involving alkali-metal polyarene-mediated reductions of non-carbonyl precursors have been developed. In the absence of carbon monoxide, these reactions afford homoleptic polyarenemetalates, including the initial species containing three aromatic hydrocarbons bound to one metal. In several instances, these metalates function as useful synthons for "naked" spin-paired atomic anions of transition metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John E Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hieber W, Mühlbauer F, Ehmann EA. Derivate des Kobalt- und Nickelcarbonyls (XVI. Mitteil. über Metallcarbonyle). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19320650709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
27
|
Hieber W, Böckly E. Über Metallcarbonyle. XLVIII. Neue Substitutionsreaktionen an Nickel- und Kobaltcarbonylen: Metallisonitrile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19502620607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
28
|
Hieber W, Fack E. Über Metallcarbonyle. XXVII. Schwermetallderivate der Metallcarbonylwasserstoffe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19382360110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Süss-Fink* G, Plasseraud L, Maisse-François A, Stoeckli-Evans H, Berke* H, Fox T, Gautier R, Saillard* JY. The cluster dication [H6Ru4(C6H6)4]2+ revisited: the first cluster complex containing an intact dihydrogen ligand? J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)00171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
31
|
Cornils B, Herrmann WA, Rasch M. Otto Roelen als Wegbereiter der industriellen homogenen Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19941062104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
32
|
100 years of metal carbonyls: a serendipitous chemical discovery of major scientific and industrial impact. J Organomet Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(90)85120-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
33
|
Ellis JE. Highly Reduced Metal Carbonyl Anions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Properties. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3055(08)60508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
34
|
|
35
|
|
36
|
|
37
|
|
38
|
Über Metallcarbonyle, 79. Mitteil. Neuere Anschauungen Über Entstehung und Konstitution Äthylendiamin-Haltiger Eisencarbonyle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1957. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19570900223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
39
|
Hieber W, Sedlmeier J, Abeck W. Über Metallcarbonyle, LVIII. Mitteil.: Über die Reaktion des Kobalt-tetracarbonyls mit verschiedenartigen Basen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1953. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19530860608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
40
|
Hieber W, Nast R, Sedlmeier J. Neuere Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet der Metallcarbonyle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1952. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19520641702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
41
|
|