1
|
Shi L, Chen L, Gao X, Sun X, Jin G, Yang Y, Shao Y, Zhu F, Zhou G. Comparison of different sources of mesenchymal stem cells: focus on inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1721-1742. [PMID: 38615278 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses a significant challenge in modern medicine, with conventional treatments limited by efficacy and associated side effects, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as promising candidates for IBD treatment due to their immunomodulatory properties and regenerative potential. This thesis aims to explore and compare various sources of MSC and evaluate their efficacy in treating IBD. This study comprehensively analyses MSC derived from multiple sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and other potential reservoirs. Core elements of this investigation include assessing differences in cell acquisition, immunomodulatory effects, and differentiation capabilities among these MSC sources, as well as comparing their clinical trial outcomes in IBD patients to their therapeutic efficacy in animal models. Through meticulous evaluation and comparative analysis, this thesis aims to elucidate disparities in the efficacy of different MSC sources for IBD treatment, thereby identifying the most promising therapeutic applications. The findings of this study are intended to advance our understanding of MSC biology and offer valuable insights for selecting the most effective MSC sources for personalized IBD therapy. Ultimately, this research endeavor will optimise therapeutic strategies for managing inflammatory bowel disease through the utilization of MSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Shi
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xizhuang Gao
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xufan Sun
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyuan Jin
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Zhou
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hahn O, Waheed TO, Sridharan K, Huemerlehner T, Staehlke S, Thürling M, Boeckmann L, Meister M, Masur K, Peters K. Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Activated Medium Modulates Cellular Functions of Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4944. [PMID: 38732164 PMCID: PMC11084445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) offers a variety of therapeutic possibilities and induces the formation of reactive chemical species associated with oxidative stress. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) play a central role in tissue regeneration, partly because of their antioxidant properties and ability to migrate into regenerating areas. During the therapeutic application, MSCs are directly exposed to the reactive species of CAP. Therefore, the investigation of CAP-induced effects on MSCs is essential. In this study, we quantified the amount of ROS due to the CAP activation of the culture medium. In addition, cell number, metabolic activity, stress signals, and migration were analyzed after the treatment of MSCs with a CAP-activated medium. CAP-activated media induced a significant increase in ROS but did not cause cytotoxic effects on MSCs when the treatment was singular and short-term (one day). This single treatment led to increased cell migration, an essential process in wound healing. In parallel, there was an increase in various cell stress proteins, indicating an adaptation to oxidative stress. Repeated treatments with the CAP-activated medium impaired the viability of the MSCs. The results shown here provide information on the influence of treatment frequency and intensity, which could be necessary for the therapeutic application of CAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Hahn
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Tawakalitu Okikiola Waheed
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Kaarthik Sridharan
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Thomas Huemerlehner
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Susanne Staehlke
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Mario Thürling
- Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Lars Boeckmann
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology and Venerology Rostock, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Mareike Meister
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V., 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Kai Masur
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V., 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Kirsten Peters
- Institute of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.H.); (T.O.W.); (K.S.); (T.H.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rosado-Galindo H, Domenech M. Substrate topographies modulate the secretory activity of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:208. [PMID: 37605275 PMCID: PMC10441765 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete a diversity of factors with broad therapeutic potential, yet current culture methods limit potency outcomes. In this study, we used topographical cues on polystyrene films to investigate their impact on the secretory profile and potency of bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs). hBM-MSCs from four donors were cultured on topographic substrates depicting defined roughness, curvature, grooves and various levels of wettability. METHODS The topographical PS-based array was developed using razor printing, polishing and plasma treatment methods. hBM-MSCs from four donors were purchased from RoosterBio and used in co-culture with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Cell Applications Inc. in an immunopotency assay to measure immunosuppressive capacity. Cells were cultured on low serum (2%) for 24-48 h prior to analysis. Image-based analysis was used for cell quantification and morphology assessment. Metabolic activity of BM-hMSCs was measured as the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate using an extracellular flux analyzer. Conditioned media samples of BM-hMSCs were used to quantify secreted factors, and the data were analyzed using R statistics. Enriched bioprocesses were identify using the Gene Ontology tool enrichGO from the clusterprofiler. One-way and two-way ANOVAs were carried out to identify significant changes between the conditions. Results were deemed statistically significant for combined P < 0.05 for at least three independent experiments. RESULTS Cell viability was not significantly affected in the topographical substrates, and cell elongation was enhanced at least twofold in microgrooves and surfaces with a low contact angle. Increased cell elongation correlated with a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to a glycolytic state which is indicative of a high-energy state. Differential protein expression and gene ontology analyses identified bioprocesses enriched across donors associated with immune modulation and tissue regeneration. The growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was suppressed in hBM-MSCs co-cultures, confirming enhanced immunosuppressive potency. YAP/TAZ levels were found to be reduced on these topographies confirming a mechanosensing effect on cells and suggesting a potential role in the immunomodulatory function of hMSCs. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates the potential of topographical cues as a culture strategy to improve the secretory capacity and enrich for an immunomodulatory phenotype in hBM-MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heizel Rosado-Galindo
- Bioengineering Program, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Road 108, KM 1.1., Mayagüez, PR, 00680, USA
| | - Maribella Domenech
- Bioengineering Program, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Road 108, KM 1.1., Mayagüez, PR, 00680, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Road 108, KM 1.1., Mayagüez, PR, 00680, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pak I, Askarov M, Kissamedenov N, Klyuyev D, Kamyshanskiy Y. Experimental study on clinical and morphological determination of the optimal cannula diameter for lipoaspirate harvest from rabbit inguinal fat pad. J Appl Biomed 2023; 21:99-105. [PMID: 37376884 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining the most appropriate cannula diameter for lipoaspirate harvesting is important, both in terms of the quality and composition of the material obtained, and the ease of practical use of the cannula. The size of the cannula is one of the main factors affecting the qualitative characteristics of the obtained lipoaspirate sample for further use of adipose tissue. The purpose of the investigation was to clinically and histomorphometrically determine the optimal cannula diameter for lipoaspirate samples collection from rabbit inguinal fat pad in an experimental study. The methods of Animal models, Surgical procedures, Macroscopic examination, Histological examination, and Morphometric study were applied. There is a direct correlation between the percentage of connective tissue fibres in the lipoaspirate and the diameter of the cannula. The lack of clear criteria for selecting a lipoaspiration cannula is one of the limitations to obtaining generally accepted lipoaspiration protocols with subsequent use of adipose tissue. In this study, the animal experiment determined the most ideal cannula diameter suitable for collecting the largest amount of lipoaspirate for subsequent use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Pak
- Karaganda Medical University, Research Center, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Meirambek Askarov
- Karaganda Medical University, Department of Surgical Diseases, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Nurlan Kissamedenov
- National Center for Neurosurgery, Department of Reception and Diagnosis, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy Klyuyev
- Karaganda Medical University, Research Center, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yevgeniy Kamyshanskiy
- Clinic of Karaganda Medical University, Department of Pathology, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen W, He Z, Li S, Wu Z, Tan J, Yang W, Li G, Pan X, Liu Y, Lyu FJ, Li W. The Effect of Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction as Compared to Cellular Stromal Vascular Fraction to Treat Anal Sphincter Incontinence. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010032. [PMID: 36671604 PMCID: PMC9854502 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term prognosis of current treatments for anal sphincter incontinence (ASI) is poor. Here, we explored the efficacy of tissue adipose stromal vascular fraction SVF (tSVF) on ASI and compared it to that of cellular SVF (cSVF). We then investigated possible mechanisms. METHODS Rat cSVF and tSVF were isolated and labeled with DIL. One day after modeling, three groups received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), cSVF, tSVF, respectively. The control group received nil modeling nor any treatments. The effect was assessed by function test for anal pressure and electromyography, and staining for fiber content, proliferation and differentiation at day 5 and day 10. RESULTS cSVF injection resulted in faster healing than tSVF. The cSVF group showed significant improvement on anal pressure on day 10. For the electromyography test, cSVF showed significant improvement for the frequencies on day 10, and for the peak values on both time points, while tSVF showed significant improvement for the peak values on day 10. The two SVF both alleviated fibrosis. Immunofluorescence tracing identified differentiation of some injected cells towards myosatellite cells and smooth muscle cells in both SVF groups. For all the tests, the tSVF group tends to have similar or lower effects than the cSVF group with no significant difference. CONCLUSION cSVF and tSVF are both safe and effective in treating ASI, while the effect of cSVF is slighter higher than tSVF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zijian He
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zixin Wu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jin Tan
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Weifeng Yang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Guanwei Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiaoling Pan
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Feng-Juan Lyu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Correspondence: (F.-J.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wanglin Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Correspondence: (F.-J.L.); (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niebergall-Roth E, Frank NY, Ganss C, Frank MH, Kluth MA. Skin-Derived ABCB5 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells for High-Medical-Need Inflammatory Diseases: From Discovery to Entering Clinical Routine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:66. [PMID: 36613507 PMCID: PMC9820160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette superfamily member ABCB5 identifies a subset of skin-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that exhibit potent immunomodulatory and wound healing-promoting capacities along with superior homing ability. The ABCB5+ MSCs can be easily accessed from discarded skin samples, expanded, and delivered as a highly homogenous medicinal product with standardized potency. A range of preclinical studies has suggested therapeutic efficacy of ABCB5+ MSCs in a variety of currently uncurable skin and non-skin inflammatory diseases, which has been substantiated thus far by distinct clinical trials in chronic skin wounds or recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Therefore, skin-derived ABCB5+ MSCs have the potential to provide a breakthrough at the forefront of MSC-based therapies striving to fulfill current unmet medical needs. The most recent milestones in this regard are the approval of a phase III pivotal trial of ABCB5+ MSCs for treatment of recessive dystrophic and junctional epidermolysis bullosa by the US Food and Drug Administration, and national market access of ABCB5+ MSCs (AMESANAR®) for therapy-refractory chronic venous ulcers under the national hospital exemption pathway in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Y. Frank
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christoph Ganss
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus H. Frank
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| | - Mark A. Kluth
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Eiro N, Fraile M, González-Jubete A, González LO, Vizoso FJ. Mesenchymal (Stem) Stromal Cells Based as New Therapeutic Alternative in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Basic Mechanisms, Experimental and Clinical Evidence, and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168905. [PMID: 36012170 PMCID: PMC9408403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are an example of chronic diseases affecting 40% of the population, which involved tissue damage and an inflammatory process not satisfactorily controlled with current therapies. Data suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may be a therapeutic option for these processes, and especially for IBD, due to their multifactorial approaches such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, regenerative, angiogenic, anti-tumor, or anti-microbial. However, MSC therapy is associated with important limitations as safety issues, handling difficulties for therapeutic purposes, and high economic cost. MSC-derived secretome products (conditioned medium or extracellular vesicles) are therefore a therapeutic option in IBD as they exhibit similar effects to their parent cells and avoid the issues of cell therapy. In this review, we proposed further studies to choose the ideal tissue source of MSC to treat IBD, the implementation of new standardized production strategies, quality controls and the integration of other technologies, such as hydrogels, which may improve the therapeutic effects of derived-MSC secretome products in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Av. de Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.E.); (F.J.V.); Tel.: +34-98-5320050 (ext. 84216) (N.E.); Fax: +34-98-531570 (N.E.)
| | - Maria Fraile
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Av. de Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain
| | | | - Luis O. González
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Av. de Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Vizoso
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Av. de Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Av. de Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.E.); (F.J.V.); Tel.: +34-98-5320050 (ext. 84216) (N.E.); Fax: +34-98-531570 (N.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fernández-Francos S, Eiro N, Costa LA, Escudero-Cernuda S, Fernández-Sánchez ML, Vizoso FJ. Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Cornerstone in a Galaxy of Intercellular Signals: Basis for a New Era of Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073576. [PMID: 33808241 PMCID: PMC8036553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 40% of the population will suffer at some point in their life a disease involving tissue loss or an inflammatory or autoimmune process that cannot be satisfactorily controlled with current therapies. An alternative for these processes is represented by stem cells and, especially, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Numerous preclinical studies have shown MSC to have therapeutic effects in different clinical conditions, probably due to their mesodermal origin. Thereby, MSC appear to play a central role in the control of a galaxy of intercellular signals of anti-inflammatory, regenerative, angiogenic, anti-fibrotic, anti-oxidative stress effects of anti-apoptotic, anti-tumor, or anti-microbial type. This concept forces us to return to the origin of natural physiological processes as a starting point to understand the evolution of MSC therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. These biological effects, demonstrated in countless preclinical studies, justify their first clinical applications, and draw a horizon of new therapeutic strategies. However, several limitations of MSC as cell therapy are recognized, such as safety issues, handling difficulties for therapeutic purposes, and high economic cost. For these reasons, there is an ongoing tendency to consider the use of MSC-derived secretome products as a therapeutic tool, since they reproduce the effects of their parent cells. However, it will be necessary to resolve key aspects, such as the choice of the ideal type of MSC according to their origin for each therapeutic indication and the implementation of new standardized production strategies. Therefore, stem cell science based on an intelligently designed production of MSC and or their derivative products will be able to advance towards an innovative and more personalized medical biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, 33290 Gijón, Spain; (S.F.-F.); (L.A.C.)
- Correspondence: (N.E.); (F.J.V.); Tel.: +34-985320050 (ext. 84216)
| | - Luis A. Costa
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, 33290 Gijón, Spain; (S.F.-F.); (L.A.C.)
| | - Sara Escudero-Cernuda
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.E.-C.); (M.L.F.-S.)
| | - María Luisa Fernández-Sánchez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.E.-C.); (M.L.F.-S.)
| | - Francisco J. Vizoso
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, 33290 Gijón, Spain; (S.F.-F.); (L.A.C.)
- Correspondence: (N.E.); (F.J.V.); Tel.: +34-985320050 (ext. 84216)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sesé B, Sanmartín JM, Ortega B, Llull R. Human Stromal Cell Aggregates Concentrate Adipose Tissue Constitutive Cell Population by In Vitro DNA Quantification Analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 146:1285-1293. [PMID: 33234958 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerative cell strategies rely on stromal cell implants to attain an observable clinical outcome. However, the effective cell dose to ensure a therapeutic response remains unknown. To achieve a higher cell dose, the authors hypothesized that reducing the volume occupied by mature adipocytes in lipoaspirate will concentrate the stromal vascular fraction present in the original tissue. METHODS Human standardized lipoaspirate (n = 6) was centrifuged (1200 g for 3 minutes) and the water phase was discarded. Mechanical disaggregation was achieved by shearing tissue through 2.4- and 1.2-mm Luer-to-Luer transfers. After a second centrifugation (800 g for 10 minutes), stromal cell aggregates were separated from the supernatant oil phase. Lipoaspirate percentage composition was determined by its constituent weights. Cell content was measured by total DNA quantification, and partial cell viability was determined by image cytometry. Tissue sections were evaluated histologically (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome stains). RESULTS Stromal cell aggregates reduced the standardized lipoaspirate mass to 28.6 ± 4.2 percent. Accordingly, the cell density increased by 222.6 ± 63.3 percent (from 9.9 ± 1.4 million cells/g to 31.3 ± 6.6 million cells/g; p < 0.05). Cell viability was unaffected in stromal cell aggregates (71.3 ± 2.5 percent) compared to standardized lipoaspirate (72.2 ± 2.3 percent), and histologic analysis revealed high-density areas enriched with stromal cells (622.9 ± 145.6 percent) and extracellular matrix (871.2 ± 80.3 percent). CONCLUSION Stromal cell aggregates represent a biological agent that triplicates the cell density versus unprocessed lipoaspirate, low on oil and water fluids, and enriched extracellular matrix components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Sesé
- From the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears; Servei de Genètica, Hospital Universitari Son Espases; Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Cell Pro Tech Spain; and the University of Florida College of Medicine
| | - Javier M Sanmartín
- From the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears; Servei de Genètica, Hospital Universitari Son Espases; Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Cell Pro Tech Spain; and the University of Florida College of Medicine
| | - Bernat Ortega
- From the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears; Servei de Genètica, Hospital Universitari Son Espases; Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Cell Pro Tech Spain; and the University of Florida College of Medicine
| | - Ramon Llull
- From the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears; Servei de Genètica, Hospital Universitari Son Espases; Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Cell Pro Tech Spain; and the University of Florida College of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahangar P, Mills SJ, Cowin AJ. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome as an Emerging Cell-Free Alternative for Improving Wound Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197038. [PMID: 32987830 PMCID: PMC7583030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for the treatment of cutaneous wounds is currently of enormous interest. However, the broad translation of cell therapies into clinical use is hampered by their efficacy, safety, manufacturing and cost. MSCs release a broad repertoire of trophic factors and immunomodulatory cytokines, referred to as the MSC secretome, that has considerable potential for the treatment of cutaneous wounds as a cell-free therapy. In this review, we outline the current status of MSCs as a treatment for cutaneous wounds and introduce the potential of the MSC secretome as a cell-free alternative for wound repair. We discuss the challenges and provide insights and perspectives for the future development of the MSC secretome as well as identify its potential clinical translation into a therapeutic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Ahangar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.A.); (S.J.M.)
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Stuart J. Mills
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.A.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.A.); (S.J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8302-5018
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ghiasloo M, Lobato RC, Díaz JM, Singh K, Verpaele A, Tonnard P. Expanding Clinical Indications of Mechanically Isolated Stromal Vascular Fraction: A Systematic Review. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:NP546-NP560. [PMID: 32358957 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanically isolated stromal vascular fraction (tSVF, tissue SVF) is a potent regenerative solution, increasingly used as a therapeutic modality for a variety of pathologies. With recent evidence conclusively favoring mechanical isolation over enzymatic alternatives, the therapeutic share and indications of tSVF are expected to grow even further. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of all studies reporting on the use of tSVF. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken of the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Outcome measures included clinical indications, such as recipient area, adverse events, clinical results recipient area, method of application, follow-up duration and evaluation methods. RESULTS Of the total of 4505 articles identified, 186 full-texts were screened. Thirty-four studies, reporting on 1443 patients were included. tSVF-based therapy was observed for 10 different pathologies, including aged skin (8 studies), scars (5), wounds (6), osteoarthritis (6), tendinopathy (2), temporomandibular joint disorders (1), androgenic alopecia (1), perianal fistula (3), migraine (1), and vocal fold scarring (1). Across all studies, tSVF-based therapy resulted in favorable clinical results. Overall, 50 (3.43%) minor and one (0.07%) major adverse events were observed, mainly related to the liposuction procedure. CONCLUSIONS tSVF offers a safe, easy and legal treatment modality for a range of indications. Future research is indicated to identify the optimal isolation protocol, dose and timing. In addition, basic research remains crucial to identify the mechanism of action of SVF within different pathologies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghiasloo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Kashika Singh
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Evangelical Hospital Bethel, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nanofat Cell Aggregates: A Nearly Constitutive Stromal Cell Inoculum for Regenerative Site-Specific Therapies. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 144:1079-1088. [PMID: 31454336 PMCID: PMC6818980 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Recent technology developed by Tulip Medical Products allows clinicians to mechanically disaggregate fat tissue into small fat particles known as nanofat. The present study aimed to evaluate the cell yield obtained from nanofat generation in comparison to traditional methods involving enzymatic dissociation (stromal vascular fraction).
Collapse
|
13
|
Knight C, James S, Kuntin D, Fox J, Newling K, Hollings S, Pennock R, Genever P. Epidermal growth factor can signal via β-catenin to control proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells independently of canonical Wnt signalling. Cell Signal 2018; 53:256-268. [PMID: 30287279 PMCID: PMC6293317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) maintain bone homeostasis and repair through the ability to expand in response to mitotic stimuli and differentiate into skeletal lineages. Signalling mechanisms that enable precise control of MSC function remain unclear. Here we report that by initially examining differences in signalling pathway expression profiles of individual MSC clones, we identified a previously unrecognised signalling mechanism regulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in primary human MSCs. We demonstrate that EGF is able to activate β-catenin, a key component of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. EGF is able to induce nuclear translocation of β-catenin in human MSCs but does not drive expression of Wnt target genes or T cell factor (TCF) activity in MSC reporter cell lines. Using an efficient Design of Experiments (DoE) statistical analysis, with different combinations and concentrations of EGF and Wnt ligands, we were able to confirm that EGF does not influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MSCs. We show that the effects of EGF on MSCs are temporally regulated to initiate early “classical” EGF signalling mechanisms (e.g via mitogen activated protein kinase) with delayed activation of β-catenin. By RNA-sequencing, we identified gene sets that were exclusively regulated by the EGF/β-catenin pathway, which were distinct from classical EGF-regulated genes. However, subsets of classical EGF gene targets were significantly influenced by EGF/β-catenin activation. These signalling pathways cooperate to enable EGF-mediated proliferation of MSCs by alleviating the suppression of cell cycle pathways induced by classical EGF signalling. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) controls mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation. EGF signals through β-catenin in MSCs but not in related fibroblastic cells. Classical EGF and EGF/β-catenin cooperatively regulate distinct gene sets in MSCs. EGF/β-catenin enables MSC proliferation by alleviating cell cycle suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Knight
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Sally James
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David Kuntin
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - James Fox
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Newling
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Hollings
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Pennock
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rühle A, Huber PE, Saffrich R, Lopez Perez R, Nicolay NH. The current understanding of mesenchymal stem cells as potential attenuators of chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2628-2639. [PMID: 29931767 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents are part of the standard treatment algorithms for many malignancies; however, their application and dosage are limited by their toxic effects to normal tissues. Chemotherapy-induced toxicities can be long-lasting and may be incompletely reversible; therefore, causative therapies for chemotherapy-dependent side effects are needed, especially considering the increasing survival rates of treated cancer patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to exhibit regenerative abilities for various forms of tissue damage. Preclinical data suggest that MSCs may also help to alleviate tissue lesions caused by chemotherapeutic agents, mainly by establishing a protective microenvironment for functional cells. Due to the systemic administration of most anticancer agents, the effects of these drugs on the MSCs themselves are of crucial importance to use stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced tissue toxicities. Here, we present a concise review of the published data regarding the influence of various classes of chemotherapeutic agents on the survival, stem cell characteristics and physiological functions of MSCs. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects are outlined, and resulting challenges of MSC-based treatments for chemotherapy-induced tissue injuries are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li CL, Xu ZB, Fan XL, Chen HX, Yu QN, Fang SB, Wang SY, Lin YD, Fu QL. MicroRNA-21 Mediates the Protective Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from iPSCs to Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell Injury Under Hypoxia. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:571-583. [PMID: 29806480 PMCID: PMC6038046 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718767159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cell injury is a key triggering event to activate allergic airway inflammation, such as asthma. We previously reported that administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly alleviated allergic inflammation in a mouse model of asthma, and the mmu-miR-21/ACVR2A axis may be involved. However, whether MSCs protect against bronchial epithelial cell injury induced by hypoxia, and the underlying mechanism, remain unknown. In our study, the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was induced to undergo apoptosis with a hypoxia mimic of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) damage. Treatment of MSCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) significantly decreased apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells. There was high miR-21 expression in injured BEAS-2B cells after MSC treatment. Transfection of the miR-21 mimic significantly decreased apoptosis of BEAS-2B, and transfection of a miR-21 inhibitor significantly increased apoptosis. More importantly, the protective effects of MSCs on injured BEAS-2B were reversed by transfection of the miR-21 inhibitor. Binding sites of human miR-21 were identified in the 3’UTR of human ACVR2A. We further determined that CoCl2 stimulation increased ACVR2A expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, transfection of the miR-21 mimic further up-regulated ACVR2A expression induced by CoCl2, whereas transfection of the miR-21 inhibitor down-regulated ACVR2A expression. In addition, MSCs increased ACVR2A expression in BEAS-2B cells; however, this effect was reversed after transfection of the miR-21 inhibitor. Our data suggested that MSCs protect bronchial epithelial cells from hypoxic injury via miR-21, which may represent an important target. These findings suggest the potentially wide application of MSCs for epithelial cell injury during hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Li
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Centre for Stem Cell Clinical Research and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Xu
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Centre for Stem Cell Clinical Research and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Liang Fan
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Centre for Stem Cell Clinical Research and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He-Xin Chen
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ning Yu
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Bin Fang
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Dong Lin
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Ling Fu
- 1 Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Centre for Stem Cell Clinical Research and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Buizer AT, Bulstra SK, Veldhuizen AG, Kuijer R. The balance between proliferation and transcription of angiogenic factors of mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxia. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:12-20. [PMID: 28165799 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1289189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bridging large bone defects with mesenchymal stromal cells-seeded scaffolds remains a big challenge in orthopedic surgery, due to the lack of vascularization. Within such a cell-scaffold construct, cells are exposed to ischemic conditions. When human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) encounter hypoxic conditions, they show higher cell proliferation than at ambient oxygen levels. However, when hMSCs are exposed to prolonged ischemia, cell proliferation ceases completely. Exposure of hMSCs to hypoxic conditions is known to result in the transcription of angiogenic factors (AGF), which can promote the development of new blood vessels. In this study, we investigated at which oxygen level hMSC proliferation and the transcription of AGF were optimal. Human bone marrow-derived hMSCs were cultured at 0.1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 21% oxygen. Cell proliferation over 14 days was assayed using a DNA quantification method. hMSC metabolic activity over 14 days was measured using a MTT test. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess mRNA levels of angiogenic factors at the tested oxygen percentages. hMSCs showed the highest cell proliferation rate at 1% oxygen. The highest corrected cell metabolic rate was found at 21% oxygen, followed by 2% oxygen. HIF1α transcription did not increase under hypoxic conditions compared to 21% oxygen conditions. However, transcription of VEGF and ANG-1 was significantly higher at 2% oxygen than at 21% O2. The optimum oxygen range at which hMSCs proliferated rapidly and angiogenic factors ANG-1 and VEGF simultaneously came to expression was from 1 to 2% oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arina T Buizer
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,b Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd K Bulstra
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Albert G Veldhuizen
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Roel Kuijer
- b Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li CL, Leng Y, Zhao B, Gao C, Du FF, Jin N, Lian QZ, Xu SY, Yan GL, Xia JJ, Zhuang GH, Fu QL, Qi ZQ. Human iPSC-MSC-Derived Xenografts Modulate Immune Responses by Inhibiting the Cleavage of Caspases. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1719-1732. [PMID: 28520232 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) negatively modulate immune properties. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived MSCs are alternative source of MSCs. However, the effects of iPSC-MSCs on T cells phenotypes in vivo remain unclear. We established an iPSC-MSC-transplanted host versus graft reaction mouse model using subcapsular kidney injection. Th1, Th2, regulatory T cells (Treg), and Th17 phenotypes and their cytokines were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The role of caspases and the soluble factors involved in the effects of MSCs were examined. We found that iPSC-MSC grafts led to more cell survival and less infiltration of inflammatory cells in mice. iPSC-MSC transplantation inhibited T cell proliferation, decreased Th1 and Th2 phenotypes and cytokines, upregulated Th17 and Treg subsets. Moreover, iPSC-MSCs inhibited the cleavage of caspases 3 and 8 and inhibition of caspases downregulated Th1, Th2 responses and upregulated Th17, Treg responses. Soluble factors were determined using protein array and TGF-β1/2/3, IL-10, and MCP-1 were found to be highly expressed in iPSC-MSCs. The administration of the soluble factors decreased Th1/2 response, upregulated Treg response and inhibited the cleavage of caspases. Our results demonstrate that iPSC-MSCs regulate T cell responses as a result of a combined action of the above soluble factors secreted by iPSC-MSCs. These factors suppress T cell responses by inhibiting the cleavage of caspases. These data provide a novel immunomodulatory mechanism for the underlying iPSC-MSC-based immunomodulatory effects on T cell responses. Stem Cells 2017;35:1719-1732.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Li
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Leng
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Gao
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Fei Du
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Jin
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Zhou Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology, and Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yue Xu
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Liang Yan
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Xia
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hong Zhuang
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Quan Qi
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Micheu MM, Rosca AM, Deleanu OC. Stem/progenitor cells and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome - new insights for clinical applications. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:332-341. [PMID: 27822340 PMCID: PMC5080640 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i10.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a widespread disorder, characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, mostly as a result of complete or partial pharyngeal obstruction. Due to the occurrence of frequent and regular hypoxic events, patients with OSAS are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, metabolic disorders, occupational errors, motor vehicle accidents and even death. Thus, OSAS has severe consequences and represents a significant economic burden. However, some of the consequences, as well as their costs can be reduced with appropriate detection and treatment. In this context, the recent advances that were made in stem cell biology knowledge and stem cell - based technologies hold a great promise for various medical conditions, including respiratory diseases. However, the investigation of the role of stem cells in OSAS is still recent and rather limited, requiring further studies, both in animal models and humans. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding both lung resident as well as circulating stem/progenitor cells and discuss existing controversies in the field in order to identify future research directions for clinical applications in OSAS. Also, the paper highlights the requisite for inter-institutional, multi-disciplinary research collaborations in order to achieve breakthrough results in the field.
Collapse
|
19
|
Herzig MC, Cap AP. Challenges in translating mesenchymal stem cell therapies for trauma and critical care. Transfusion 2016; 56:20S-5S. [PMID: 27079318 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne C Herzig
- Coagulation and Blood Research Program, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrew P Cap
- Coagulation and Blood Research Program, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells from Discarded Neonatal Sternal Tissue: In Vitro Characterization and Angiogenic Properties. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5098747. [PMID: 26770206 PMCID: PMC4684890 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5098747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous and nonautologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being evaluated as proangiogenic agents for ischemic and vascular disease in adults but not in children. A significant number of newborns and infants with critical congenital heart disease who undergo cardiac surgery already have or are at risk of developing conditions related to inadequate tissue perfusion. During neonatal cardiac surgery, a small amount of sternal tissue is usually discarded. Here we demonstrate that MSCs can be isolated from human neonatal sternal tissue using a nonenzymatic explant culture method. Neonatal sternal bone MSCs (sbMSCs) were clonogenic, had a surface marker expression profile that was characteristic of bone marrow MSCs, were multipotent, and expressed pluripotency-related genes at low levels. Neonatal sbMSCs also demonstrated in vitro proangiogenic properties. Sternal bone MSCs cooperated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to form 3D networks and tubes in vitro. Conditioned media from sbMSCs cultured in hypoxia also promoted HUVEC survival and migration. Given the neonatal source, ease of isolation, and proangiogenic properties, sbMSCs may have relevance to therapeutic applications.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang W, Lee Y, Lee CH. Effects of nitric oxide on stem cell therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1685-96. [PMID: 26394194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of stem cells as a research tool and a therapeutic vehicle has demonstrated their great potential in the treatment of various diseases. With unveiling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) universally present at various levels in nearly all types of body tissues, the potential therapeutic implication of nitric oxide (NO) has been magnified, and thus scientists have explored new treatment strategies involved with stem cells and NO against various diseases. As the functionality of NO encompasses cardiovascular, neuronal and immune systems, NO is involved in stem cell differentiation, epigenetic regulation and immune suppression. Stem cells trigger cellular responses to external signals on the basis of both NO specific pathways and concerted action with endogenous compounds including stem cell regulators. As potency and interaction of NO with stem cells generally depend on the concentrations of NO and the presence of the cofactors at the active site, the suitable carriers for NO delivery is integral for exerting maximal efficacy of stem cells. The innovative utilization of NO functionality and involved mechanisms would invariably alter the paradigm of therapeutic application of stem cells. Future prospects in NO-involved stem cell research which promises to enhance drug discovery efforts by opening new era to improve drug efficacy, reduce drug toxicity and understand disease mechanisms and pathways, were also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuchen Wang
- School of Pharmacy University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA
| | - Yugyung Lee
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA
| | - Chi H Lee
- School of Pharmacy University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Salgado AJ, Sousa JC, Costa BM, Pires AO, Mateus-Pinheiro A, Teixeira FG, Pinto L, Sousa N. Mesenchymal stem cells secretome as a modulator of the neurogenic niche: basic insights and therapeutic opportunities. Front Cell Neurosci 2015. [PMID: 26217178 PMCID: PMC4499760 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) share few characteristics apart from self-renewal and multipotency. In fact, the neurogenic and osteogenic stem cell niches derive from two distinct embryonary structures; while the later originates from the mesoderm, as all the connective tissues do, the first derives from the ectoderm. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that stem cells isolated from one niche could form terminally differentiated cells from the other. Additionally, these two niches are associated to tissues/systems (e.g., bone and central nervous system) that have markedly different needs and display diverse functions within the human body. Nevertheless they do share common features. For instance, the differentiation of both NSCs and MSCs is intimately associated with the bone morphogenetic protein family. Moreover, both NSCs and MSCs secrete a panel of common growth factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), among others. But it is not the features they share but the interaction between them that seem most important, and worth exploring; namely, it has already been shown that there are mutually beneficially effects when these cell types are co-cultured in vitro. In fact the use of MSCs, and their secretome, become a strong candidate to be used as a therapeutic tool for CNS applications, namely by triggering the endogenous proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitors, among other mechanisms. Quite interestingly it was recently revealed that MSCs could be found in the human brain, in the vicinity of capillaries. In the present review we highlight how MSCs and NSCs in the neurogenic niches interact. Furthermore, we propose directions on this field and explore the future therapeutic possibilities that may arise from the combination/interaction of MSCs and NSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joao C Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana O Pires
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António Mateus-Pinheiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - F G Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luisa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grigolo B, Cavallo C, Desando G, Manferdini C, Lisignoli G, Ferrari A, Zini N, Facchini A. Novel nano-composite biomimetic biomaterial allows chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow concentrate derived cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:173. [PMID: 25804305 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In clinical orthopedics suitable materials that induce and restore biological functions together with the right mechanical properties are particularly needed for the regeneration of osteochondral lesions. For this purpose, the ideal scaffold should possess the right properties with respect to degradation, cell binding, cellular uptake, non-immunogenicity, mechanical strength, and flexibility. In addition, it should be easy to handle and serve as a template for chondrocyte and bone cells guiding both cartilage and bone formation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the chondrogenic and osteogenic capability of bone marrow concentrated derived cells seeded onto a novel nano-composite biomimetic material. These properties have been evaluated by means of histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopy analyses. The data obtained demonstrated that freshly harvested cells obtained from bone marrow were able, once seeded onto the biomaterial, to differentiate either down the chondrogenic and osteogenic pathways as evaluated by the expression and production of specific matrix molecules. These findings support the use, for the repair of osteochondral lesions, of this new nano-composite biomimetic material together with bone marrow derived cells in a "one step" transplantation procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brunella Grigolo
- SSD Laboratory RAMSES, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lysophosphatidic acid mediates fibrosis in injured joints by regulating collagen type I biosynthesis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:308-18. [PMID: 25464168 PMCID: PMC4465392 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Articular cartilage is a highly specialized tissue which forms the surfaces in synovial joints. Full-thickness cartilage defects caused by trauma or microfracture surgery heal via the formation of fibrotic tissue characterized by a high content of collagen I (COL I) and subsequent poor mechanical properties. The goal of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis after joint injury. DESIGN Rat knee joint models were used to mimic cartilage defects after acute injury. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect proteins related to fibrosis. Human fetal chondrocytes and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were used to study the influence of the lipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on COL I synthesis. Quantitative PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the production of COL I. Chemical inhibitors were used to block LPA signaling both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS After full-thickness cartilage injury in rat knee joints, stromal cells migrating to the injury expressed high levels of the LPA-producing enzyme autotaxin (ATX); intact articular cartilage in rat and humans expressed negligible levels of ATX despite expressing the LPA receptors LPAR1 and LPAR2. LPA-induced increases in COL I production by chondrocytes and BMSCs were mediated by the MAP kinase and PI3 Kinase signaling pathways. Inhibition of the ATX/LPA axis significantly reduced COL I-enriched fibrocartilage synthesis in full-thickness cartilage defects in rats in favor of the collagen II-enriched normal state. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results identify an attractive target for intervention in reducing the progression of post-traumatic fibrosis and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Nicoletti GF, De Francesco F, D'Andrea F, Ferraro GA. Methods and Procedures in Adipose Stem Cells: State of the Art and Perspective for Translation Medicine. J Cell Physiol 2014; 230:489-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. F. Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - F. De Francesco
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - F. D'Andrea
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - G. A. Ferraro
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dittmer J, Leyh B. The impact of tumor stroma on drug response in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2014; 31:3-15. [PMID: 24912116 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades the breast cancer mortality rate has steadily declined, in part, due to the availability of better treatment options. However, drug resistance still remains a major challenge. Resistance can be an inherent feature of breast cancer cells, but can also arise from the tumor microenvironment. This review aims to focus on the modulatory effect of the tumor microenvironment on the differing response of breast cancer subtypes to targeted drugs and chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, University of Halle, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Leyh
- Clinic for Gynecology, University of Halle, Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dittmer J, Leyh B. Paracrine effects of stem cells in wound healing and cancer progression (Review). Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1789-98. [PMID: 24728412 PMCID: PMC4063537 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells play an important role in tissue repair and cancer development. The capacity to self-renew and to differentiate to specialized cells allows tissue-specific stem cells to rebuild damaged tissue and cancer stem cells to initiate and promote cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells, attracted to wounds and cancer, facilitate wound healing and support cancer progression primarily by secreting bioactive factors. There is now growing evidence that, like mesenchymal stem cells, also tissue-specific and cancer stem cells manipulate their environment by paracrine actions. Soluble factors and microvesicles released by these stem cells have been shown to protect recipient cells from apoptosis and to stimulate neovascularization. These paracrine mechanisms may allow stem cells to orchestrate wound healing and cancer progression. Hence, understanding these stem cell-driven paracrine effects may help to improve tissue regeneration and cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, University of Halle, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Benjamin Leyh
- Clinic for Gynecology, University of Halle, Halle/Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|