1
|
San Juan A, Jaitpal S, Ng KW, Martinez C, Tripathy S, Phillips C, Coté GL, Mabbott S. Freeze-Driven Synthesis of DNA Hairpin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticle Biosensors for Dual-Mode Detection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3005-3013. [PMID: 38629141 PMCID: PMC11110043 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Freeze-based immobilization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oligonucleotides on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is highly efficient for single-stranded oligonucleotides but typically does not accommodate structures such as snap-cooled DNA hairpins (Sc-HPs) and snap-cooled molecular beacons (Sc-MBs) frequently used for biorecognition applications. Recognizing this limitation, we have developed a modified, freeze-based technique specifically designed to enable the adsorption of such hairpin oligonucleotides onto AuNP surfaces while ensuring that they retain their biosensing capabilities. Successful hairpin oligonucleotide conjugation of varying lengths to a wide range of AuNP diameters was corroborated by dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Moreover, we conducted a thorough evaluation of this modified method, confirming the retention of the sensing functions of Sc-HPs and Sc-MBs. This advancement not only offers a more efficient route for DNA hairpin conjugation but also elucidates the underlying biorecognition functions, with implications for broader applications in molecular diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela
Michelle San Juan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
- Center
for Remote Health Technologies & Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, Texas 77845-3424, United States
| | - Siddhant Jaitpal
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Ka Wai Ng
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Cecilia Martinez
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Sayantan Tripathy
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
- Center
for Remote Health Technologies & Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, Texas 77845-3424, United States
| | - Christian Phillips
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
| | - Gerard L Coté
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
- Center
for Remote Health Technologies & Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, Texas 77845-3424, United States
| | - Samuel Mabbott
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, Texas 77843-3120, United States
- Center
for Remote Health Technologies & Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, Texas 77845-3424, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li W, Zhang P, Liu C, Xu Y, Gan Z, Kang L, Hou Y. Oncogene-targeting nanoprobes for early imaging detection of tumor. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:197. [PMID: 37340418 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors have been one of the major reasons for deaths worldwide. Timely and accurate diagnosis as well as effective intervention of tumors play an essential role in the survival of patients. Genomic instability is the important foundation and feature of cancer, hence, in vivo oncogene imaging based on novel probes provides a valuable tool for the diagnosis of cancer at early-stage. However, the in vivo oncogene imaging is confronted with great challenge, due to the extremely low copies of oncogene in tumor cells. By combining with various novel activatable probes, the molecular imaging technologies provide a feasible approach to visualize oncogene in situ, and realize accurate treatment of tumor. This review aims to declare the design of nanoprobes responded to tumor associated DNA or RNA, and summarize their applications in detection and bioimaging for tumors. The significant challenges and prospective of oncogene-targeting nanoprobes towards tumors diagnosis are revealed as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China.
| | - Chuang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Zhihua Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Yi Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raj A, Thomas RK, Vidya L, Aparna VM, Neelima S, Sudarsanakumar C. Exploring the cytotoxicity on human lung cancer cells and DNA binding stratagem of camptothecin functionalised silver nanoparticles through multi-spectroscopic, and calorimetric approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9045. [PMID: 37270606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of nanoparticles inside the human body and their interactions with biological macromolecules need to be explored/studied prior to specific applications. The objective of this study is to find the potential of camptothecin functionalised silver nanoparticles (CMT-AgNPs) in biomedical applications. This article primarily investigates the binding stratagem of CMT-AgNPs with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) through a series of spectroscopic and calorimetric methods and then analyses the anticancer activity and cytotoxicity of CMT-AgNPs. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple one pot method and characterized using UV-Visible, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The average size of CMT-AgNPs is 10 ± 2 nm. A group of experimental techniques such as UV-Visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence dye displacement assay, circular dichroism (CD) and viscosity analysis unravelled the typical groove binding mode of CMT-AgNPs with ctDNA. The CD measurement evidenced the minor conformational alterations of double helical structure of ctDNA in the presence of CMT-AgNPs. The information deduced from the isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiment is that the binding was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Moreover, all the thermodynamic binding parameters were extracted from the ITC data. The binding constants obtained from UV absorption experiments, fluorescence dye displacement studies and ITC were consistently in the order of 104 Mol-1. All these results validated the formation of CMT-AgNPs-ctDNA complex and the results unambiguously confirm the typical groove binding mode of CMT-AgNPs. An exhaustive in vitro MTT assay by CMT-AgNPs and CMT against A549, HT29, HeLa and L929 cell lines revealed the capability of CMT-AgNPs as a potential anticancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Raj
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - Riju K Thomas
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
- Bharata Mata College, Thrikkakara, Ernakulam, Kerala, 682032, India
| | - L Vidya
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - V M Aparna
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - S Neelima
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - C Sudarsanakumar
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills (P.O), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi H, Lin S, Wang Y, Lou J, Hu Y, Chen Y, Zhang Q. Ruthenium photosensitizer anchored gold nanorods for synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6846-6854. [PMID: 35438705 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes have been widely used as bioprobes and photosensitizers. However, several disadvantages including slow cellular uptake, nonspecific binding with biomolecules and toxicity limit their applications. In this study, a nanocarrier of human serum albumin coated gold nanorods was developed to deliver a ruthenium photosensitizer for PDT/PTT combination therapy. The HSA coating endowed the nanodrug with high biocompatibility and stability under physiological conditions. Ru-GNR-HSANPs generate 1O2 and hydroxyl radicals to kill cancer cells under blue light irradiation, and exhibit excellent photothermal anticancer effects under 808 nm light irradiation. Significant synergistic anticancer effects were achieved by combined PDT/PTT therapy. Importantly, Ru-GNR-HSANPs can have the synergistic PDT/PTT functions with no need of drug release from the carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongdong Shi
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Simin Lin
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Jingxue Lou
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Yatao Hu
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Qianling Zhang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anik MI, Mahmud N, Al Masud A, Hasan M. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muzahidul I. Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Rhode Island South Kingstown Rhode Island USA
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Chemical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Maruf Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang M, Shao S, Yue H, Wang X, Zhang W, Chen F, Zheng L, Xing J, Qin Y. High Stability Au NPs: From Design to Application in Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6067-6094. [PMID: 34511906 PMCID: PMC8418318 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s322900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Au-based nanomaterials are widely used in nanomedicine and biosensors due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, these applications require Au NPs to have excellent stability in different environments, such as extreme pH, high temperature, high concentration ions, and various biomatrix. To meet the requirement of multiple applications, many synthetic substances and natural products are used to prepare highly stable Au NPs. Because of this, we aim at offering an update comprehensive summary of preparation high stability Au NPs. In addition, we discuss its application in nanomedicine. The contents of this review are based on a balanced combination of our studies and selected research studies done by worldwide academic groups. First, we address some critical methods for preparing highly stable Au NPs using polymers, including heterocyclic substances, polyethylene glycols, amines, and thiol, then pay attention to natural product progress Au NPs. Then, we sum up the stability of various Au NPs in different stored times, ions solution, pH, temperature, and biomatrix. Finally, the application of Au NPs in nanomedicine, such as drug delivery, bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), clinical diagnosis, nanozyme, and radiotherapy (RT), was addressed concentratedly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minwei Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Shao
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Yue
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zheng
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Xing
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Qin
- College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Urumqi, 830046, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Asefifeyzabadi N, Das PK, Onorimuo AH, Durocher G, Shamsi MH. DNA interfaces with dimensional materials for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28332-28341. [PMID: 35480758 PMCID: PMC9038036 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04917h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA interfaces with nano, micro, and macro materials have gained widespread attention for various applications. Such interfaces exhibit distinct functions and properties not only due to the unique properties of interfacing materials but also sequence- and conformation-dependent characteristics of the DNA. Therefore, DNA interfaces with diverse dimensional materials have advanced our understanding of the interaction mechanisms and the properties of such interfaces. The unique interfacial properties of such novel materials have applications in nanotechnology, biophysics, cell biology, biosensing, and bioelectronics. The field is growing rapidly with the frequent emergence of new interfaces carrying remarkable interfacial character. In this review article, we have classified the DNA interfaces into 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D categories based on the types of dimensional materials. We review the key efforts made in the last five years and focus on types of interfaces, interfacing mechanisms, and their state-of-the-art applications. This review will draw a general interest because of the diversity in the DNA materials science but also the unique applications that will play a cutting-edge role in biomedical and biosensing research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Asefifeyzabadi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA +1-618-453-6408 +1-618-453-6461
| | - Prabhangshu Kumer Das
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA +1-618-453-6408 +1-618-453-6461
| | - Avokerie Hillary Onorimuo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA +1-618-453-6408 +1-618-453-6461
| | - Grace Durocher
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA +1-618-453-6408 +1-618-453-6461
| | - Mohtashim Hassan Shamsi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA +1-618-453-6408 +1-618-453-6461
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hu X, Huang Y, Yin H, Dai L, Tian Y. DNA‐Based
Architectures for
in situ
Target Biomolecule Analysis in Confined Nano‐space
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Hu
- Shenzhen Research Institute Nanjing University Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yide Huang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Hao Yin
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Lizhi Dai
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Ye Tian
- Shenzhen Research Institute Nanjing University Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Multifunctional nanoparticles as optical biosensing probe for breast cancer detection: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112249. [PMID: 34225888 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical biosensors show attractive performance in medical sensing in the event of using different nanoparticles in their design. Owing to their unique optical characteristics and biological compatibility, gold nanoparticles (GNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), bimetallic nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles have been broadly implemented in making sensing tools. The functionalization of these nanoparticles with different components provides an excellent opportunity to assemble selective and sensitive sensing materials to detect various biological molecules related to breast cancer. This review summarizes the recent application of optical biosensing devices based on nanomaterials and discusses their pros and cons to improve breast cancer detection in real samples. In particular, the main constituent elements of these optical biosensors including recognition and transducer elements, types of applied nanostructures, analytical sensing procedures, sensor detection ranges and limit of detection (LOD), are expressed in detail.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xavier M, Kyriazi ME, Lanham S, Alexaki K, Matthews E, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Kanaras AG, Oreffo ROC. Enrichment of Skeletal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow Using Spherical Nucleic Acids. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6909-6916. [PMID: 33751885 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human bone marrow (BM)-derived stromal cells contain a population of skeletal stem cells (SSCs), with the capacity to differentiate along the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, enabling their application to clinical therapies. However, current methods to isolate and enrich SSCs from human tissues remain, at best, challenging in the absence of a specific SSC marker. Unfortunately, none of the current proposed markers alone can isolate a homogeneous cell population with the ability to form bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue in humans. Here, we have designed DNA-gold nanoparticles able to identify and sort SSCs displaying specific mRNA signatures. The current approach demonstrates the significant enrichment attained in the isolation of SSCs, with potential therein to enhance our understanding of bone cell biology and translational applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Xavier
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Eleni Kyriazi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Lanham
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantina Alexaki
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Elloise Matthews
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios G Kanaras
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Human Development and Health, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Taneja P, Sharma S, Sinha VB, Yadav AK. Advancement of nanoscience in development of conjugated drugs for enhanced disease prevention. Life Sci 2021; 268:118859. [PMID: 33358907 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscience and nanotechnology is a recently emerging and rapid developing field of science and has also been explored in the fields of Biotechnology and Medicine. Nanoparticles are being used as tools for diagnostic purposes and as a medium for the delivery of therapeutic agents to the specific targeted sites under controlled conditions. The physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles give them the ability to treat various chronic human diseases by site specific drug delivery and to use in diagnosis, biosensing and bioimaging devices, and implants. According to the type of materials used nanoparticles can be classified as organic (micelles, liposomes, nanogels and dendrimers) and inorganic (including gold nanoparticles (GNPs), super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanomaterials (SPIONs), quantum dots (QDs), and paramagnetic lanthanide ions). Different types of nanoparticle are being used in conjugation with various types of biomoities (such as peptide, lipids, antibodies, nucleotides, plasmids, ligands and polysaccharides) to form nanoparticle-drug conjugates which has enhanced capacity of drug delivery at targeted sites and hence improved disease treatment and diagnosis. In this study, the summary of various types of nanoparticle-drug conjugates that are being used along with their mechanism and applications are included. In addition, the various nanoparticle-drug conjugates which are being used and which are under clinical studies along with their future opportunities and challenges are also discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Taneja
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sonali Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vimlendu Bhushan Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Yadav
- BR Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han S, Chopra M, Rubino I, Choi HJ. Paper-Based Applications for Bacteria/Virus. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8723-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
13
|
Nicolson F, Ali A, Kircher MF, Pal S. DNA Nanostructures and DNA-Functionalized Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001669. [PMID: 33304747 PMCID: PMC7709992 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, DNA has attracted significant attention toward the development of materials at the nanoscale for emerging applications due to the unparalleled versatility and programmability of DNA building blocks. DNA-based artificial nanomaterials can be broadly classified into two categories: DNA nanostructures (DNA-NSs) and DNA-functionalized nanoparticles (DNA-NPs). More importantly, their use in nanotheranostics, a field that combines diagnostics with therapy via drug or gene delivery in an all-in-one platform, has been applied extensively in recent years to provide personalized cancer treatments. Conveniently, the ease of attachment of both imaging and therapeutic moieties to DNA-NSs or DNA-NPs enables high biostability, biocompatibility, and drug loading capabilities, and as a consequence, has markedly catalyzed the rapid growth of this field. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress of DNA-NSs and DNA-NPs as theranostic agents, the use of DNA-NSs and DNA-NPs as gene and drug delivery platforms, and a perspective on their clinical translation in the realm of oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fay Nicolson
- Department of ImagingDana‐Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging and NanotechnologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY10065USA
| | - Akbar Ali
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology‐ BhilaiRaipurChhattisgarh492015India
| | - Moritz F. Kircher
- Department of ImagingDana‐Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging and NanotechnologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY10065USA
- Department of RadiologyBrigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA
| | - Suchetan Pal
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology‐ BhilaiRaipurChhattisgarh492015India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fernández G, Bernardo L, Villanueva A, Pleixats R. Gold nanoparticles stabilized by PEG-tagged imidazolium salts as recyclable catalysts for the synthesis of propargylamines and the cycloisomerization of γ-alkynoic acids. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble gold nanoparticles prepared in the presence of PEG-tagged tris-imidazolium bromide, containing Au(0) and Au(i) species, are reusable catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Laura Bernardo
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Ana Villanueva
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chakraborty G, Balinin K, Portale G, Loznik M, Polushkin E, Weil T, Herrmann A. Electrostatically PEGylated DNA enables salt-free hybridization in water. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10097-10105. [PMID: 32055364 PMCID: PMC6991176 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified nucleic acids have long served as a very important class of bio-hybrid structures. In particular, the modification with PEG has advanced the scope and performance of oligonucleotides in materials science, catalysis and therapeutics. Most of the applications involving pristine or modified DNA rely on the potential of DNA to form a double-stranded structure. However, a substantial requirement for metal-cations to achieve hybridization has restricted the range of applications. To extend the applicability of DNA in salt-free or low ionic strength aqueous medium, we introduce noncovalent DNA-PEG constructs that allow canonical base-pairing between individually PEGylated complementary strands resulting in a double-stranded structure in salt-free aqueous medium. This method relies on grafting of amino-terminated PEG polymers electrostatically onto the backbone of DNA, which results in the formation of a PEG-envelope. The specific charge interaction of PEG molecules with DNA, absolute absence of metal ions within the PEGylated DNA molecules and formation of a double helix that is significantly more stable than the duplex in an ionic buffer have been unequivocally demonstrated using multiple independent characterization techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurudas Chakraborty
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstraße 50 , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Konstantin Balinin
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstraße 50 , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
| | - Mark Loznik
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstraße 50 , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Evgeny Polushkin
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands .
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstraße 50 , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 2 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang J, Zhang W, Li S, Miao D, Qian G, Su G. Engineering of Porous Silica Coated Gold Nanorods by Surface-Protected Etching and Their Applications in Drug Loading and Combined Cancer Therapy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14238-14247. [PMID: 31600438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell nanostructures, specifically gold nanorods coated with porous silica (GNR@p-SiO2), were successfully fabricated by surface-protected etching. The nanostructures, photothermal effects, drug loading and drug release behaviors, cellular uptake, and combined chemo-photothermal therapy were investigated. The results showed that the as-prepared GNR@p-SiO2 had a uniform porous silica outer layer. Etching process could be modulated by adjusting the etching time, concentrations of etching agents, and concentrations of protective agents. With doxorubicin (DOX) as the model drug, the drug loading capacity reached 18.9%, which was dependent on the DOX concentrations. The drug release profiles were dual stimulus-responsive to pH and laser irradiation. In addition, the GNR@p-SiO2 nanoparticles were biocompatible and effectively internalized by cancer cells. Compared with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy administered individually, combined chemo-photothermal therapy using GNR@p-SiO2 exhibited higher efficiency in killing cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, surface-protected etching is a powerful method for preparing core-shell nanostructures capped with mesoporous silica for combined cancer chemo-photothermal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Wang
- Department of Pharmacy , Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P. R. China
| | - Shuhuan Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University , Jinan 251100 , P. R. China
| | - Dandan Miao
- School of Pharmacy , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P. R. China
| | - Guopei Qian
- School of Pharmacy , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P. R. China
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy , Nantong University , Nantong 226001 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Depciuch J, Stec M, Maximenko A, Pawlyta M, Baran J, Parlinska-Wojtan M. Control of Arms of Au Stars Size and its Dependent Cytotoxicity and Photosensitizer Effects in Photothermal Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5011. [PMID: 31658649 PMCID: PMC6834177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanostars (AuS NPs) are a very attractive nanomaterial, which is characterized by high effective transduction of the electromagnetic radiation into heat energy. Therefore, AuS NPs can be used as photosensitizers in photothermal therapy (PTT). However, understanding the photothermal conversion efficiency in nanostars is very important to select the most appropriate shape and size of AuS NPs. Therefore, in this article, the synthesis of AuS NPs with different lengths of star arms for potential application in PTT was investigated. Moreover, the formation mechanism of these AuS NPs depending on the reducer concentration is proposed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with selected area diffraction (SEAD) and X-ray diffraction (X-Ray) showed that all the obtained AuS NPs are crystalline and have cores with similar values of the diagonal (parameter d), from 140 nm to 146 nm. However, the widths of the star arm edges (parameter c) and the lengths of the arms (parameter a) vary between 3.75 nm and 193 nm for AuS1 NPs to 6.25 nm and 356 nm for AuS4 NPs. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra revealed that, with increasing edge widths and lengths of the star arms, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak is shifted to the higher wavelengths, from 640 nm for AuS1 NPs to 770 nm for AuS4 NPs. Moreover, the increase of temperature in the AuS NPs solutions as well as the values of calculated photothermal efficiency grew with the elongation of the star arms. The potential application of AuS NPs in the PTT showed that the highest decrease of viability, around 75%, of cells cultured with AuS NPs and irradiated by lasers was noticed for AuS4 NPs with the longest arms, while the smallest changes were visible for gold nanostars with the shortest arms. The present study shows that photothermal properties of AuS NPs depend on edge widths and lengths of the star arms and the values of photothermal efficiency are higher with the increase of the arm lengths, which is correlated with the reducer concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Depciuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31-342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Stec
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, PL-30-663 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Alexey Maximenko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31-342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Miroslawa Pawlyta
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Jarek Baran
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, PL-30-663 Krakow, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang L, Wan Y, Xu Q, Lou X. Long-Term Functional Stability of Functional Nucleic Acid-Gold Nanoparticle Conjugates with Different Secondary Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11791-11798. [PMID: 31430429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thiolated functional nucleic acid-gold nanoparticle conjugates (FNA-AuNPs) are the core recognition elements in biosensors. The long-term functional stability (LTFS) is critical for their practical applications and, however, has been overlooked. Here we report on the huge effects of multiple experimental factors on LTFS, including spacer- and buffer-composition, secondary structures of FNAs, and surface blocking. We quantitatively determined these effects by measuring the relative hybridization capacity (RHC, the relative amount of complementary DNA hybridized with the same amount of conjugates) for linear DNA-AuNP or the relative signal change generated by their function (RSC-F) for molecular beacon (MB) and G-quadruplex (G4)-AuNPs. There is a positive relationship between the spacer affinity [oligoadenine (A10) > oligothymine (T10) > oligoethlyene glycol (EG18)] of the linear DNA probes and the LTFS. The LTFS of linear DNA-AuNP in phosphate buffer (PB) was much better than that in Good's buffers such as HEPES, Tris, and MES. The secondary structure of FNAs also strongly impacted the LTFS, showing the substantially decreased LTFS from G4- to linear DNA- to MB-AuNPs, where EG18 spacer was used for all these conjugates. The surface blocking of FNA-AuNPs greatly improved the LTFS. We experimentally determined that the LTFS of FNA-AuNPs was directly related to the dissociation of DNAs caused by the in situ generated H2O2 due to the oxidase activity of AuNP and thereby oxidation of Au-thiol bonds. The oxidase activity of AuNP was favored at high temperature, low pH, high AuNP concentration, high Good's buffer concentration, and high salt concentration, corresponding well with the positive effects of high affinity spacer, PB, and surface blocking on the LTFS of FNA-AuNPs. Our study has implications on both fundamental surface science and practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Capital Normal University , Xisanhuan North Road 105 , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Yuan Wan
- Department of Chemistry , Capital Normal University , Xisanhuan North Road 105 , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Chemistry , Capital Normal University , Xisanhuan North Road 105 , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Xinhui Lou
- Department of Chemistry , Capital Normal University , Xisanhuan North Road 105 , Beijing 100048 , China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Albert SK, Hu X, Park SJ. Dynamic Nanostructures from DNA-Coupled Molecules, Polymers, and Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900504. [PMID: 30985085 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic and reconfigurable systems that can sense and react to physical and chemical signals are ubiquitous in nature and are of great interest in diverse areas of science and technology. DNA is a powerful tool for fabricating such smart materials and devices due to its programmable and responsive molecular recognition properties. For the past couple of decades, DNA-based self-assembly is actively explored to fabricate various DNA-organic and DNA-inorganic hybrid nanostructures with high-precision structural control. Building upon past development, researchers have recently begun to design and assemble dynamic nanostructures that can undergo an on-demand transformation in the structure, properties, and motion in response to various external stimuli. In this Review, recent advances in dynamic DNA nanostructures, focusing on hybrid structures fabricated from DNA-conjugated molecules, polymers, and nanoparticles, are introduced, and their potential applications and future perspectives are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shine K Albert
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Xiaole Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Novel benzildihydrazone based Schiff bases: Syntheses, characterization, thermal properties, theoretical DFT calculations and biological activity studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
21
|
Liszczak G, Muir TW. Barcoding mit Nukleinsäuren: Anwendung der DNA‐Sequenzierung als molekulares Zählwerk. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Liszczak
- Department of ChemistryPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
- Aktuelle Adresse: Department of BiochemistryUT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA
| | - Tom W. Muir
- Department of ChemistryPrinceton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang J, Lan T, Lu Y. Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801158. [PMID: 30725526 PMCID: PMC6426685 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and engineering have generated many nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties. Over the past decade, numerous nanomaterials are introduced into many research areas, such as sensors for environmental monitoring, food safety, point-of-care diagnostics, and as transducers for solar energy transfer. Meanwhile, functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including nucleic acid enzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes, have attracted major attention from the biomedical community due to their unique target recognition and catalytic properties. Benefiting from the recent progress of molecular engineering strategies, the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials are endowed by the target recognition and catalytic activity of FNAs in the presence of a target analyte, resulting in numerous smart nanoprobes for diverse applications including intracellular imaging, drug delivery, in vivo imaging, and tumor therapy. This progress report focuses on the recent advances in designing and engineering FNA-based nanomaterials, highlighting the functional outcomes toward in vivo applications. The challenges and opportunities for the future translation of FNA-based nanomaterials into clinical applications are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JingJing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tian Lan
- GlucoSentient, Inc., 2100 S. Oak Street Suite 101, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liszczak G, Muir TW. Nucleic Acid-Barcoding Technologies: Converting DNA Sequencing into a Broad-Spectrum Molecular Counter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4144-4162. [PMID: 30153374 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies sparked a revolution in the field of genomics that has rippled into many branches of the life and physical sciences. The remarkable sensitivity, specificity, throughput, and multiplexing capacity that are inherent to parallel DNA sequencing have since motivated its use as a broad-spectrum molecular counter. A key aspect of extrapolating DNA sequencing to non-traditional applications is the need to append nucleic-acid barcodes to entities of interest. In this review, we describe the chemical and biochemical approaches that have enabled nucleic-acid barcoding of proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous materials and provide examples of downstream technologies that have been made possible by DNA-encoded molecules. As commercially available high-throughput sequencers were first released less than 15 years ago, we believe related applications will continue to mature and close by proposing new frontiers to support this assertion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Liszczak
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Tom W Muir
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mahato K, Nagpal S, Shah MA, Srivastava A, Maurya PK, Roy S, Jaiswal A, Singh R, Chandra P. Gold nanoparticle surface engineering strategies and their applications in biomedicine and diagnostics. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:57. [PMID: 30729081 PMCID: PMC6352626 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found a wide range of biomedical and environmental monitoring applications (viz. drug delivery, diagnostics, biosensing, bio-imaging, theranostics, and hazardous chemical sensing) due to their excellent optoelectronic and enhanced physico-chemical properties. The modulation of these properties is done by functionalizing them with the synthesized AuNPs with polymers, surfactants, ligands, drugs, proteins, peptides, or oligonucleotides for attaining the target specificity, selectivity and sensitivity for their various applications in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics. This review intends to highlight the contribution of such AuNPs in state-of-the-art ventures of diverse biomedical applications. Therefore, a brief discussion on the synthesis of AuNPs has been summarized prior to comprehensive detailing of their surface modification strategies and the applications. Here in, we have discussed various ways of AuNPs functionalization including thiol, phosphene, amine, polymer and silica mediated passivation strategies. Thereafter, the implications of these passivated AuNPs in sensing, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), bioimaging, drug delivery, and theranostics have been extensively discussed with the a number of illustrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Mahato
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 Assam India
| | - Sahil Nagpal
- Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mahero Ayesha Shah
- Julius Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Faculty of medicine Uniklinik, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ananya Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031 India
| | - Shounak Roy
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001 India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001 India
| | - Renu Singh
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities 2004 Folwell Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 Assam India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Azharuddin M, Zhu GH, Das D, Ozgur E, Uzun L, Turner APF, Patra HK. A repertoire of biomedical applications of noble metal nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6964-6996. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emerging properties of noble metal nanoparticles are attracting huge interest from the translational scientific community. In this feature article, we highlight recent advances in the adaptation of noble metal nanomaterials and their biomedical applications in therapeutics, diagnostics and sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azharuddin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
| | - Geyunjian H. Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Erdogan Ozgur
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | | | - Hirak K. Patra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang Y, Zhong S, Wang K, Huang J. Gold nanoparticle based fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for imaging and therapy in living systems. Analyst 2019; 144:1052-1072. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with unique physical and chemical properties have become an integral part of research in nanoscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nandu N, Hizir MS, Yigit MV. Systematic Investigation of Two-Dimensional DNA Nanoassemblies for Construction of a Nonspecific Sensor Array. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14983-14992. [PMID: 29739192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a systematic study to analyze the effect of ssDNA length, nucleobase composition, and the type of two-dimensional nanoparticles (2D-nps) on the desorption response of 36 two-dimensional nanoassemblies (2D-NAs) against several proteins. The studies were performed using fluorescently labeled polyA, polyC, and polyT with 23, 18, 12, and 7 nucleotide-long sequences. The results suggest that the ssDNAs with polyC and longer sequences are more resistant to desorption, compared to their counterparts. In addition, 2D-NAs assembled using WS2 were least susceptible to desorption by the proteins tested, whereas nGO 2D-NAs were the most susceptible nanoassemblies. Later, the results of these systematic studies were used to construct a sensor array for discrimination of seven model proteins (BSA, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, protease, β-galactosidase, and Cytochrome c). Neither the ssDNAs nor the 2D-nps have any specific interaction with the proteins tested. Only the displacement of the ssDNAs from the 2D-np surface was measured upon the disruption of the existing forces within 2D-NAs. A customized sensor array with five 2D-NAs was developed as a result of a careful screening/filtering process. The sensor array was tested against 200 nM of protein targets, and each protein was discriminated successfully. The results suggest that the systematic studies performed using various ssDNAs and 2D-nps enabled the construction of a sensor array without a bind-and-release sensing mechanism. The studies also demonstrate the significance of systematic investigations in the construction of two-dimensional DNA nanoassemblies for functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nandu
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Mustafa Salih Hizir
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Mehmet V Yigit
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
- The RNA Institute , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
MOHAMAD A, KEASBERRY NA, AHMED MU. Enzyme-free Gold-silver Core-shell Nanozyme Immunosensor for the Detection of Haptoglobin. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:1257-1263. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18p176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azureen MOHAMAD
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
| | - Natasha Ann KEASBERRY
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
| | - Minhaz Uddin AHMED
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhou X, Pathak P, Jayawickramarajah J. Design, synthesis, and applications of DNA-macrocyclic host conjugates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11668-11680. [PMID: 30255866 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06716c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With this Feature Article we review, for the first time, the development of DNA-host conjugates-a nascent yet rapidly growing research focus within the ambit of DNA supramolecular chemistry. Synthetic hosts (such as cyclodextrins, cucurbiturils, and calixarenes) are well-suited to be partnered with DNA, since DNA assembly and host-guest binding both thrive in aqueous media, are largely orthogonal, and exhibit controllable and input-responsive properties. The covalent braiding of these two supramolecular synthons thus leads to advanced self-assemblies and nanostructures with exciting function that range from drug delivery agents to input-triggered switches. The latter class of DNA-host conjugates have been demonstrated to precisely control protein activity, and have also been used as modulable catalysts and versatile biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 2015 Percival Stern Hall, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang Y, Petit E, Barboiu M. Multivalent Dendrimers and their Differential Recognition of Short Single-Stranded DNAs of Various Length and Sequence. Chempluschem 2018; 83:354-360. [PMID: 31957369 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycationic dendrimers were generated through simple and versatile reversible amine/aldehyde-imine chemistry. The inherent CD spectroscopic signal arising from the helical structures of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) undergoes a dramatic amplification in the presence of the synthesised polycationic dendrimers. Compared to the first-generation core molecule, the second-generation dendrimer shows high spectroscopic responses upon chiral recognition of short ssDNA, owing to the combination of self-assembly and multivalency effects. The maximum signal variation is reached at the molar ratio at which the ratio between the negative charges in ssDNA balance the positive charges of the dendrimers, thus the approach enables differential recognition of ssDNAs of different lengths. Altogether, these results accelerate the simple and systematic discovery of efficient adaptive molecules for biomimetic recognition of ssDNA with high accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047, 34095, Montpellier, France.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Eddy Petit
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047, 34095, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tsai TT, Huang CY, Chen CA, Shen SW, Wang MC, Cheng CM, Chen CF. Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Using Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticles on a Paper-Based Analytical Device. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1345-1354. [PMID: 28901134 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a colorimetric sensing strategy employing gold nanoparticles and a paper-based analytical platform for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). By utilizing the surface plasmon resonance effect, we were able to monitor changes in the color of a gold nanoparticle colloid based on the effects of single-stranded DNA probe molecules hybridizing with targeted double-stranded TB DNA. The hybridization event changes the surface charge density of the nanoparticles, causing them to aggregate to various degrees, which modifies the color of the solution in a manner that can be readily measured to determine the concentration of the targeted DNA analyte. In order to adapt this TB diagnosis method to resource-limited settings, we extended this label-free oligonucleotide and unmodified gold nanoparticle solution-based technique to a paper-based system that can be measured using a smartphone to obtain rapid parallel colorimetric results with low reagent consumption and without the need for sophisticated analytical equipment. In this study, we investigated various assay conditions, including the denaturing temperature and time, different oligonucleotide probe sequences, as well as the ratio of single stranded probe and double stranded target DNA. After optimizing these variables, we were able to achieve a detection limit of 1.95 × 10-2 ng/mL for TB DNA. Furthermore, multiple tests could be performed simultaneously with a 60 min turnaround time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ting Tsai
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Huang
- Institute
of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-An Chen
- Institute
of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Shen
- Institute
of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chia Wang
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute
of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu L, Li K, Mao YH, Qu H, Yao B, Zhong WW, Ma B, Wang ZY. Gold-chrysophanol nanoparticles suppress human prostate cancer progression through inactivating AKT expression and inducing apoptosis and ROS generation in vitro and in vivo. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1089-1103. [PMID: 28849003 PMCID: PMC5592865 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled releasing of regulations remains the most convenient method to deliver various drugs. In the present study, we precipitated gold nanoparticles with chrysophanol. The gold-chrysophanol into poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles was loaded and the biological activity of chrysophanol nanoparticles on human LNCap prostate cancer cells, was tested to acquire the sustained releasing property. The circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that chrysophanol nanoparticles effectively resulted in conformational alterations in DNA and regulated different proteins associated with cell cycle arrest. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage, Cyto-c and caspase-3 activity were analyzed, and the expression levels of different anti- and pro-apoptotic were studied using immunoblotting analysis. The cytotoxicity assay suggested that chrysophanol nanoparticles preferentially killed prostate cancer cells in comparison to the normal cells. Chrysophanol nanoparticles reduced histone deacetylases (HDACs) to suppress cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle in sub-G phase. In addition, the cell cycle-related proteins, including p27, CHK1, cyclin D1, CDK1, p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p-protein kinase B (AKT), were regulated by chrysophanol nanoparticles to prevent human prostate cancer cell progression. Chrysophanol nanoparticles induced apoptosis in LNCap cells by promoting p53/ROS crosstalk to prevent proliferation. Pharmacokinetic study in mice indicated that chrysophanol nanoparticle injection showed high bioavailability compared to the free chrysophanol. Also, in vivo study revealed that chrysophanol nanoparticles obviously reduced tumor volume and weight. In conclusion, the data above suggested that chrysophanol nanoparticles might be effective to prevent human prostate cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Hua Mao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Hu Qu
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Aptamers are nucleic acids referred to as chemical antibodies as they bind to their specific targets with high affinity and selectivity. They are selected via an iterative process known as ‘selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment’ (SELEX). Aptamers have been developed against numerous cancer targets and among them, many tumor cell-membrane protein biomarkers. The identification of aptamers targeting cell-surface proteins has mainly been performed by two different strategies: protein- and cell-based SELEX, when the targets used for selection were proteins and cells, respectively. This review aims to update the literature on aptamers targeting tumor cell surface protein biomarkers, highlighting potentials, pitfalls of protein- and cell-based selection processes and applications of such selected molecules. Aptamers as promising agents for diagnosis and therapeutic approaches in oncology are documented, as well as aptamers in clinical development.
Collapse
|
34
|
Cell based therapeutics in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Pharm 2017; 521:346-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
35
|
Wang R, Bowling I, Liu W. Cost effective surface functionalization of gold nanoparticles with a mixed DNA and PEG monolayer for nanotechnology applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a cost effective and generally applicable method for co-functionalization of gold nanoparticles with a mixed DNA and PEG polymer layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Rolla
- USA
| | - Isabella Bowling
- Department of Chemistry
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Rolla
- USA
| | - Wenyan Liu
- Environmental Research Center
- Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Rolla
- USA
| |
Collapse
|