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Brachi M, El Housseini W, Beaver K, Jadhav R, Dantanarayana A, Boucher DG, Minteer SD. Advanced Electroanalysis for Electrosynthesis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:141-187. [PMID: 38585515 PMCID: PMC10995937 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis is a popular, environmentally friendly substitute for conventional organic methods. It involves using charge transfer to stimulate chemical reactions through the application of a potential or current between two electrodes. In addition to electrode materials and the type of reactor employed, the strategies for controlling potential and current have an impact on the yields, product distribution, and reaction mechanism. In this Review, recent advances related to electroanalysis applied in electrosynthesis were discussed. The first part of this study acts as a guide that emphasizes the foundations of electrosynthesis. These essentials include instrumentation, electrode selection, cell design, and electrosynthesis methodologies. Then, advances in electroanalytical techniques applied in organic, enzymatic, and microbial electrosynthesis are illustrated with specific cases studied in recent literature. To conclude, a discussion of future possibilities that intend to advance the academic and industrial areas is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brachi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Wassim El Housseini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Rohit Jadhav
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Ashwini Dantanarayana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Dylan G. Boucher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
- Kummer
Institute Center for Resource Sustainability, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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2
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Meyer J, Romero M, Thöming J, Baune M, Reimer N, Dringen R, Bösing I. Experimental insights into electrocatalytic [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl] + mediated NADH regeneration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22394. [PMID: 38104175 PMCID: PMC10725497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
NADH plays a crucial role in many enzymatically catalysed reactions. Due to the high costs of NADH a regeneration mechanism of this cofactor can enlarge the applications of enzymatic reactions dramatically. This paper gives a thorough system analysis of the mediated electrochemical regeneration of active NADH using cyclic voltammograms and potentiostatic measurements with varying pH, electrode potential, and electrolyte solution, highlighting the system's limiting conditions, elucidating optimal working parameters for the electrochemical reduction of NAD+, and bringing new insight on the oxidation of inactive reduction products. Using [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl]+ as an electron mediator dramatically increases the percentage of enzymatically active electrochemically reduced NADH from 15% (direct) to 99% (mediated) with a faradaic efficiency of up to 86%. Furthermore, investigations of the catalytic mechanisms of [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl]+ clarifies the necessary conditions for its functioning and questions the proposed reaction mechanism by two-step reduction where first the mediator is reduced and then brought in contact with NAD+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Meyer
- Chemical Process Engineering Group (CVT), Leobener Strasse 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuela Romero
- Chemical Process Engineering Group (CVT), Leobener Strasse 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jorg Thöming
- Chemical Process Engineering Group (CVT), Leobener Strasse 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Michael Baune
- Chemical Process Engineering Group (CVT), Leobener Strasse 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Nicholas Reimer
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen (CBIB), Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ingmar Bösing
- Chemical Process Engineering Group (CVT), Leobener Strasse 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
- University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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3
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Zhan P, Liu X, Zhang S, Zhu Q, Zhao H, Ren C, Zhang J, Lu L, Cai D, Qin P. Electroenzymatic Reduction of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol by an Electron Mediator and Enzyme Orderly Assembled Biocathode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12855-12863. [PMID: 36859767 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electroenzymatic valorization of biomass derivatives into valuable biochemicals has a promising outlook. However, bottlenecks including poor electron transfer between the electrode surface and oxidoreductase, inefficient regeneration of cofactors, and high cost of enzymes and electron mediators hindered the realistic applications of the technique. Herein, to address the above technical barriers, a novel bio-electrocatalytic system that integrates the electrochemical NADH regeneration and enzymatic reaction was constructed, using an orderly assembled composite bioelectrode consisting of an outer immobilized enzyme layer and a sandwiched redox mediator rhodium complex layer. The as-prepared composite bioelectrode was further applied for the highly selective hydrogenation of furfural into furfural alcohol. Results indicated that the enzyme activity was significantly improved, while the furfural valorization was promoted by effective interfacial electron transition and co-factor regeneration on the composite bioelectrode. Considerable high furfural conversion (96.4%) can be achieved accompanied by a furfural alcohol selectivity of 90.0% at -1.2 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The novel composite bioelectrode also showed good stability and reusability. Up to 85.1% of the original furfural alcohol selectivity can be preserved after 10 times of recycling. This work presents a promising green alternative for the valorization of furfural, which also shows great potential extending to the valorization of other biomass compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhan
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiangshi Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shiding Zhang
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhu
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Cong Ren
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Paris Curie Engineer School, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Di Cai
- National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Peiyong Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang C, Zhang X, Fu Y, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Metal-Organic Framework functionalized bipolar electrodes for bulk electroenzymatic synthesis. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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5
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Zhang Y, Wei B, Liang H. Rhodium-Based MOF-on-MOF Difunctional Core-Shell Nanoreactor for NAD(P)H Regeneration and Enzyme Directed Immobilization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3442-3454. [PMID: 36609187 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An organometallic complex-catalyzed artificial coenzyme regeneration system has attracted widespread attention. However, the combined use of organometallic complex catalysts and natural enzymes easily results in mutual inactivation. Herein, we establish a rhodium-based metal-organic framework (MOF)-on-MOF difunctional core-shell nanoreactor as an artificial enzymatic NAD(P)H regeneration system. UiO67 as the core is used to capture rhodium molecules for catalyzing NAD(P)H regeneration. UiO66 as the shell is used to specifically immobilize His-tagged lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serve as a protection shield for LDH and [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl]+ to prevent mutual inactivation. A variety of results indicate that UiO67@Rh@UiO66 has good activity in realizing NAD(P)H regeneration. Noteworthily, UiO67@Rh@UiO66@LDH maintains a high activity level even after 10 cycles. This work reports a novel NAD(P)H regeneration platform to open up a new avenue for constructing chemoenzyme coupling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, PR China
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6
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Selective Furfuryl Alcohol Production from Furfural via Bio-Electrocatalysis. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic reduction of renewable furfural into furfuryl alcohol for various applications is in the ascendant. Nonetheless, the conventional chemo-catalysis hydrogenation of furfural always suffers from poor selectivity, harsh conditions, and expensive catalysts. Herein, to overcome the serious technical barriers of conventional furfuryl alcohol production, an alternative bio-electrocatalytic hydrogenation system was established under mild and neutral conditions, where the dissolved cofactor (NADH) and the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) participated in a tandem reaction driven by the electron from a novel Rh (III) complex fixed cathode. Under the optimized conditions, 81.5% of furfural alcohol selectivity can be realized at −0.43 V vs. RHE. This contribution presents a ‘green’ and promising route for the valorization of furfural and other biomass compounds.
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7
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Sharma VK, Hutchison JM, Allgeier AM. Redox Biocatalysis: Quantitative Comparisons of Nicotinamide Cofactor Regeneration Methods. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200888. [PMID: 36129761 PMCID: PMC10029092 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic processes, particularly those capable of performing redox reactions, have recently been of growing research interest. Substrate specificity, optimal activity at mild temperatures, high selectivity, and yield are among the desirable characteristics of these oxidoreductase catalyzed reactions. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) or NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductases have been extensively studied for their potential applications like biosynthesis of chiral organic compounds, construction of biosensors, and pollutant degradation. One of the main challenges associated with making these processes commercially viable is the regeneration of the expensive cofactors required by the enzymes. Numerous efforts have pursued enzymatic regeneration of NAD(P)H by coupling a substrate reduction with a complementary enzyme catalyzed oxidation of a co-substrate. While offering excellent selectivity and high total turnover numbers, such processes involve complicated downstream product separation of a primary product from the coproducts and impurities. Alternative methods comprising chemical, electrochemical, and photochemical regeneration have been developed with the goal of enhanced efficiency and operational simplicity compared to enzymatic regeneration. Despite the goal, however, the literature rarely offers a meaningful comparison of the total turnover numbers for various regeneration methodologies. This comprehensive Review systematically discusses various methods of NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration and quantitatively compares performance across the numerous methods. Further, fundamental barriers to enhanced cofactor regeneration in the various methods are identified, and future opportunities are highlighted for improving the efficiency and sustainability of commercially viable oxidoreductase processes for practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor K Sharma
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Justin M Hutchison
- Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
| | - Alan M Allgeier
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th St, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, United States
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8
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Li W, Zhang C, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Fine-Tuning the Electrocatalytic Regeneration of NADH Cofactor Using [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl] +-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46673-46681. [PMID: 36215128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical regeneration of the reduced form of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) cofactor catalyzed by immobilized [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ is a promising approach for the enzymatic synthesis of many valuable chemicals with NAD-dependent dehydrogenases. However, rational control of the efficiency is often limited by the irregular structure of the electrode/electrolyte interface and the accessibility of the molecular catalyst. Here, we propose an electrochemical system for NADH cofactor regeneration, based on highly ordered three- dimensional (3D) metal-organic framework (NU-1000) films. [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ is incorporated at the zirconium nodes of NU-1000 via solvent-assisted ligand incorporation (SALI), leading to a diffusion-controlled behavior, associated with an electron hopping mechanism. Varying the ratio of redox-active [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ and inactive postgrafting agents enables the elaboration of functional electrodes with tunable electrocatalytic activity for NADH regeneration. The exceptionally high faradic efficiency of 97%, associated with a very high turnover frequency (TOF) of ∼1400 h-1 for NADH regeneration, and the total turnover number (TTN) of over 20000 for the enzymatic conversion from pyruvate to l-lactate, when coupled with l-lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) as a model reaction, open up promising perspectives for employing these electrodes in various alternative bioelectrosynthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Ziman Zheng
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM UMR 5255, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33400, France
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9
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Influence of electrode potential, pH and NAD + concentration on the electrochemical NADH regeneration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16380. [PMID: 36180530 PMCID: PMC9525651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20508-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical NAD+ reduction is a promising method to regenerate NADH for enzymatic reactions. Many different electrocatalysts have been tested in the search for high yields of the 1,4-isomer of NADH, the active NADH, but aside from electrode material, other system parameters such as pH, electrode potential and educt concentration also play a role in NADH regeneration. The effect of these last three parameters and the mechanisms behind their influence on NADH regeneration was systematically studied and presented in this paper. With percentages of active NADH ranging from 10 to 70% and faradaic efficiencies between 1 and 30%, it is clear that all three system parameters drastically affect the reaction outcome. As a proof of principle, the NAD+ reduction in the presence of pyruvate and lactate dehydrogenase was performed. It could be shown that the electrochemical NADH regeneration can also be done successfully in parallel to enzymatically usage of the regenerated cofactor.
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10
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El Housseini W, Lapicque F, Walcarius A, Etienne M. A hybrid electrochemical flow reactor to couple H
2
oxidation to NADH regeneration for biochemical reactions. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wassim El Housseini
- CNRS, Université de Lorraine LCPME Nancy F‐54000 France
- CNRS, Université de Lorraine LRGP Nancy F‐54000 France
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11
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El Housseini W, Lapicque F, Pontvianne S, Vilà N, Mazurenko I, Walcarius A, Etienne M. Hybrid flow bioreactor with all catalysts immobilized for enzymatic electrosynthesis. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neus Vilà
- Université de Lorraine: Universite de Lorraine LCPME FRANCE
| | | | - Alain Walcarius
- CNRS: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique LCPME FRANCE
| | - Mathieu Etienne
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique LCPME 405, rue de Vandoeuvre 54600 Villers-les-Nancy FRANCE
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12
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Le TXH, Gajdar J, Vilà N, Celzard A, Fierro V, Walcarius A, Lapicque F, Etienne M. Improved Productivity of NAD
+
Reduction under Forced Convection in Aerated Solutions. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julius Gajdar
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, LCPME 54000 Nancy France
| | - Neus Vilà
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, LCPME 54000 Nancy France
| | - Alain Celzard
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, IJL 88000 Epinal France
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13
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Zhang C, Zhang H, Pi J, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Elektrokatalytische NADH‐Cofaktor‐Regenerierung in der Bulkphase mit bipolarer Elektrochemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Junying Pi
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng China
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP Pessac Frankreich
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14
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Zhang C, Zhang H, Pi J, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Bulk Electrocatalytic NADH Cofactor Regeneration with Bipolar Electrochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111804. [PMID: 34705321 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical regeneration of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an extremely important challenge for the electroenzymatic synthesis of many valuable chemicals. Although some important progress has been made with modified electrodes concerning the reduction of NAD+ , the scale-up is difficult due to mass transport limitations inherent to large-size electrodes. Here, we propose instead to employ a dispersion of electrocatalytically active modified microparticles in the bulk of a bipolar electrochemical cell. In this way, redox reactions occur simultaneously on all of these individual microelectrodes without the need of a direct electrical connection. The concept is validated by using [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ functionalized surfaces, either of carbon felt as a reference material, or carbon microbeads acting as bipolar objects. In the latter case, enzymatically active 1,4-NADH is electroregenerated at the negatively polarized face of the particles. The efficiency of the system can be fine-tuned by controlling the electric field in the reaction compartment and the number of dispersed microelectrodes. This wireless bioelectrocatalytic approach opens up very interesting perspectives for electroenzymatic synthesis in the bulk phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junying Pi
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR, 5255, ENSCBP, Pessac, France
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15
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Wu T, Fitchett CM, Brooksby PA, Downard AJ. Building Tailored Interfaces through Covalent Coupling Reactions at Layers Grafted from Aryldiazonium Salts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:11545-11570. [PMID: 33683855 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aryldiazonium ions are widely used reagents for surface modification. Attractive aspects of their use include wide substrate compatibility (ranging from plastics to carbons to metals and metal oxides), formation of stable covalent bonding to the substrate, simplicity of modification methods that are compatible with organic and aqueous solvents, and the commercial availability of many aniline precursors with a straightforward conversion to the active reagent. Importantly, the strong bonding of the modifying layer to the surface makes the method ideally suited to further on-surface (postfunctionalization) chemistry. After an initial grafting from a suitable aryldiazonium ion to give an anchor layer, a target species can be coupled to the layer, hugely expanding the range of species that can be immobilized. This strategy has been widely employed to prepare materials for numerous applications including chemical sensors, biosensors, catalysis, optoelectronics, composite materials, and energy conversion and storage. In this Review our goal is first to summarize how a target species with a particular functional group may be covalently coupled to an appropriate anchor layer. We then review applications of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher M Fitchett
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paula A Brooksby
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alison J Downard
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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16
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Le TXH, Etienne M, Lapicque F, Hehn A, Vilà N, Walcarius A. Local removal of oxygen for NAD(P)+ detection in aerated solutions. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Tensi L, Macchioni A. Extremely Fast NADH-Regeneration Using Phosphonic Acid as Hydride Source and Iridium-pyridine-2-sulfonamidate Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Tensi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123 Perugia, Italy
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18
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Bairagya MD, Bujol RJ, Elgrishi N. Fighting Deactivation: Classical and Emerging Strategies for Efficient Stabilization of Molecular Electrocatalysts. Chemistry 2019; 26:3991-4000. [PMID: 31710129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Development of highly active molecular electrocatalysts for fuel-forming reactions has relied heavily on understanding mechanistic aspects of the electrochemical transformations. Careful fine-tuning of the ligand environment oriented mechanistic pathways towards higher activity and optimal product distribution for several catalysts. Unfortunately, many catalysts deactivate in bulk electrolysis conditions, diminishing the impact of the plethora of highly tuned molecular electrocatalytic systems. This Minireview covers classical and emerging methods developed to circumvent catalyst deactivation and degradation, with an emphasis on successes with molecular electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Das Bairagya
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Ryan J Bujol
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Noémie Elgrishi
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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19
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Desage‐El Murr M. Nature is the Cure: Engineering Natural Redox Cofactors for Biomimetic and Bioinspired Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Desage‐El Murr
- Institut de Chimie UMR 7177Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal Strasbourg 67000 France
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Fukuzumi S, Lee YM, Nam W. Catalytic recycling of NAD(P)H. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110777. [PMID: 31376683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A large number of industrially relevant enzymes depend upon dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) cofactors, which are too expensive to be added in stoichiometric amounts. Existing NAD(P)H-recycling systems suffer from low activity, or the generation of side products. This review focuses on NAD(P)H cofactor regeneration catalyzed by transition metal complexes such as rhodium, ruthenium and iridium complexes using cheap reducing agents such as hydrogen (H2) and ethanol, which have attracted increasing attention as sustainable energy carriers. The catalytic mechanisms for the regioselective reduction of NAD(P)+ are discussed with emphasis on identification of catalytically active intermediates such as transition metal hydride complexes. Applications of NAD(P)H-recycling systems to develop artificial photosynthesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan.
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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21
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Yuan M, Kummer MJ, Milton RD, Quah T, Minteer SD. Efficient NADH Regeneration by a Redox Polymer-Immobilized Enzymatic System. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew J. Kummer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ross D. Milton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Timothy Quah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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