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Sowa K, Okuda-Shimazaki J, Fukawa E, Sode K. Direct Electron Transfer-Type Oxidoreductases for Biomedical Applications. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:357-382. [PMID: 38424090 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Among the various types of enzyme-based biosensors, sensors utilizing enzymes capable of direct electron transfer (DET) are recognized as the most ideal. However, only a limited number of redox enzymes are capable of DET with electrodes, that is, dehydrogenases harboring a subunit or domain that functions specifically to accept electrons from the redox cofactor of the catalytic site and transfer the electrons to the external electron acceptor. Such subunits or domains act as built-in mediators for electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes; consequently, such enzymes enable direct electron transfer to electrodes and are designated as DET-type enzymes. DET-type enzymes fall into several categories, including redox cofactors of catalytic reactions, built-in mediators for DET with electrodes and by their protein hierarchic structures, DET-type oxidoreductases with oligomeric structures harboring electron transfer subunits, and monomeric DET-type oxidoreductases harboring electron transfer domains. In this review, we cover the science of DET-type oxidoreductases and their biomedical applications. First, we introduce the structural biology and current understanding of DET-type enzyme reactions. Next, we describe recent technological developments based on DET-type enzymes for biomedical applications, such as biosensors and biochemical energy harvesting for self-powered medical devices. Finally, after discussing how to further engineer and create DET-type enzymes, we address the future prospects for DET-type enzymes in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisei Sowa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Okuda-Shimazaki
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Kogane, Tokyo, Japan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;
| | - Eole Fukawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Sode
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;
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2
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Silveri F, Paolini D, Della Pelle F, Bollella P, Scroccarello A, Suzuki Y, Fukawa E, Sowa K, Di Franco C, Torsi L, Compagnone D. Lab-made flexible third-generation fructose biosensors based on 0D-nanostructured transducers. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115450. [PMID: 37343312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a scalable benchtop electrode fabrication method to produce highly sensitive and flexible third-generation fructose dehydrogenase amperometric biosensors based on water-dispersed 0D-nanomaterials. The electrochemical platform was fabricated via Stencil-Printing (StPE) and insulated via xurography. Carbon black (CB) and mesoporous carbon (MS) were employed as 0D-nanomaterials promoting an efficient direct electron transfer (DET) between fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) and the transducer. Both nanomaterials were prepared in water-phase via a sonochemical approach. The nano-StPE exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic currents compared to conventional commercial electrodes. The enzymatic sensors were exploited for the determination of D-fructose in model solutions and various food and biological samples. StPE-CB and StPE-MS integrated biosensors showed appreciable sensitivity (∼150 μA cm-2 mM-1) with μmolar limit of detection (0.35 and 0.16 μM, respectively) and extended linear range (2-500 and 1-250 μM, respectively); the selectivity of the biosensors, ensured by the low working overpotential (+0.15 V), has been also demonstrated. Good accuracy (recoveries between 95 and 116%) and reproducibility (RSD ≤8.6%) were achieved for food and urine samples. The proposed approach because of manufacturing versatility and the electro-catalytic features of the water-nanostructured 0D-NMs opens new paths for affordable and customizable FDH-based bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Silveri
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Campus "Aurelio Saliceti" Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Davide Paolini
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Campus "Aurelio Saliceti" Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Flavio Della Pelle
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Campus "Aurelio Saliceti" Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Scroccarello
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Campus "Aurelio Saliceti" Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Yohei Suzuki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eole Fukawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keisei Sowa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Cinzia Di Franco
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie CNR, C/o Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; Centre for Colloid and Surface Science - University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku Finland
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Campus "Aurelio Saliceti" Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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3
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Bollella P. Enzyme-based amperometric biosensors: 60 years later … Quo Vadis? Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1234:340517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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4
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Chen LF, Lin MT, Noreldeen HA, Peng HP, Deng HH, He SB, Chen W. Fructose oxidase-like activity of CuO nanoparticles supported by phosphate for a tandem catalysis-based fructose sensor. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1220:340064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Kano K. Fundamental insight into redox enzyme-based bioelectrocatalysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:141-156. [PMID: 34755834 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox enzymes can work as efficient electrocatalysts. The coupling of redox enzymatic reactions with electrode reactions is called enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, which imparts high reaction specificity to electrode reactions with nonspecific characteristics. The key factors required for bioelectrocatalysis are hydride ion/electron transfer characteristics and low specificity for either substrate in redox enzymes. Several theoretical features of steady-state responses are introduced to understand bioelectrocatalysis and to extend the performance of bioelectrocatalytic systems. Applications of the coupling concept to bioelectrochemical devices are also summarized with emphasis on the achievements recorded in the research group of the author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Reagentless D-Tagatose Biosensors Based on the Oriented Immobilization of Fructose Dehydrogenase onto Coated Gold Nanoparticles- or Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Surfaces: Application in a Prototype Bioreactor. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11110466. [PMID: 34821682 PMCID: PMC8615923 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As electrode nanomaterials, thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) and modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used to design bioelectrocatalytic systems for reliable D-tagatose monitoring in a long-acting bioreactor where the valuable sweetener D-tagatose was enzymatically produced from a dairy by-product D-galactose. For this goal D-fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) from Gluconobacter industrius immobilized on these electrode nanomaterials by forming three amperometric biosensors: AuNPs coated with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (AuNP/4-MBA/FDH) or AuNPs coated with 4-aminothiophenol (AuNP/PATP/FDH) monolayer, and a layer of TRGO on graphite (TRGO/FDH) were created. The immobilized FDH due to changes in conformation and spatial orientation onto proposed electrode surfaces catalyzes a direct D-tagatose oxidation reaction. The highest sensitivity for D-tagatose of 0.03 ± 0.002 μA mM−1cm−2 was achieved using TRGO/FDH. The TRGO/FDH was applied in a prototype bioreactor for the quantitative evaluation of bioconversion of D-galactose into D-tagatose by L-arabinose isomerase. The correlation coefficient between two independent analyses of the bioconversion mixture: spectrophotometric and by the biosensor was 0.9974. The investigation of selectivity showed that the biosensor was not active towards D-galactose as a substrate. Operational stability of the biosensor indicated that detection of D-tagatose could be performed during six hours without loss of sensitivity.
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Yan X, Ma S, Tang J, Tanner D, Ulstrup J, Xiao X, Zhang J. Direct electron transfer of fructose dehydrogenase immobilized on thiol-gold electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Voitechovič E, Stankevičiūtė J, Vektarienė A, Vektaris G, Jančienė R, Kuisienė N, Razumienė J, Meškys R. Bioamperometric Systems with Fructose Dehydrogenase From
Gluconobacter japonicus
for D‐Tagatose Monitoring. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edita Voitechovič
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
- Department of Nanoengineering Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Savanorių 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Jonita Stankevičiūtė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Aušra Vektarienė
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Vilnius University Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Gytis Vektaris
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Vilnius University Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Regina Jančienė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Nomeda Kuisienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Julija Razumienė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Rolandas Meškys
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
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9
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Direct Electrochemical Enzyme Electron Transfer on Electrodes Modified by Self-Assembled Molecular Monolayers. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled molecular monolayers (SAMs) have long been recognized as crucial “bridges” between redox enzymes and solid electrode surfaces, on which the enzymes undergo direct electron transfer (DET)—for example, in enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) and biosensors. SAMs possess a wide range of terminal groups that enable productive enzyme adsorption and fine-tuning in favorable orientations on the electrode. The tunneling distance and SAM chain length, and the contacting terminal SAM groups, are the most significant controlling factors in DET-type bioelectrocatalysis. In particular, SAM-modified nanostructured electrode materials have recently been extensively explored to improve the catalytic activity and stability of redox proteins immobilized on electrochemical surfaces. In this report, we present an overview of recent investigations of electrochemical enzyme DET processes on SAMs with a focus on single-crystal and nanoporous gold electrodes. Specifically, we consider the preparation and characterization methods of SAMs, as well as SAM applications in promoting interfacial electrochemical electron transfer of redox proteins and enzymes. The strategic selection of SAMs to accord with the properties of the core redox protein/enzymes is also highlighted.
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Abstract
Bioelectrocatalysis has become one of the most important research fields in electrochemistry and provided a firm base for the application of important technology in various bioelectrochemical devices, such as biosensors, biofuel cells, and biosupercapacitors. The understanding and technology of bioelectrocatalysis have greatly improved with the introduction of nanostructured electrode materials and protein-engineering methods over the last few decades. Recently, the electroenzymatic production of renewable energy resources and useful organic compounds (bioelectrosynthesis) has attracted worldwide attention. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the applications of enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis.
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Siepenkoetter T, Mastin H, Salaj‐Kosla U, Magner E. Benzene Diazonium Sulfonate Modified Nanoporous Gold Electrodes for the Direct Detection of Copper(II) Ions. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Till Siepenkoetter
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Hélène Mastin
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Urszula Salaj‐Kosla
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Edmond Magner
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
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12
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Suzuki Y, Kano K, Shirai O, Kitazumi Y. Diffusion-limited electrochemical d-fructose sensor based on direct electron transfer-type bioelectrocatalysis by a variant of d-fructose dehydrogenase at a porous gold microelectrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Biocatalysts provide a number of advantages such as high selectivity, the ability to operate under mild reaction conditions and availability from renewable resources that are of interest in the development of bioreactors for applications in the pharmaceutical and other sectors. The use of oxidoreductases in biocatalytic reactors is primarily focused on the use of NAD(P)-dependent enzymes, with the recycling of the cofactor occurring via an additional enzymatic system. The use of electrochemically based systems has been limited. This review focuses on the development of electrochemically based biocatalytic reactors. The mechanisms of mediated and direct electron transfer together with methods of immobilising enzymes are briefly reviewed. The use of electrochemically based batch and flow reactors is reviewed in detail with a focus on recent developments in the use of high surface area electrodes, enzyme engineering and enzyme cascades. A future perspective on electrochemically based bioreactors is presented.
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14
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Recent Advances in Noninvasive Biosensors for Forensics, Biometrics, and Cybersecurity. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20215974. [PMID: 33105602 PMCID: PMC7659947 DOI: 10.3390/s20215974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biosensors have been used in an increasing number of different fields and disciplines due to their wide applicability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Three large disciplines in which this has become relevant has been the forensic, biometric, and cybersecurity fields. The call for novel noninvasive biosensors for these three applications has been a focus of research in these fields. Recent advances in these three areas has relied on the use of biosensors based on primarily colorimetric assays based on bioaffinity interactions utilizing enzymatic assays. In forensics, the use of different bodily fluids for metabolite analysis provides an alternative to the use of DNA to avoid the backlog that is currently the main issue with DNA analysis by providing worthwhile information about the originator. In biometrics, the use of sweat-based systems for user authentication has been developed as a proof-of-concept design utilizing the levels of different metabolites found in sweat. Lastly, biosensor assays have been developed as a proof-of-concept for combination with cybersecurity, primarily cryptography, for the encryption and protection of data and messages.
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15
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Kizling M, Dzwonek M, Nowak A, Tymecki Ł, Stolarczyk K, Więckowska A, Bilewicz R. Multi-Substrate Biofuel Cell Utilizing Glucose, Fructose and Sucrose as the Anode Fuels. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1534. [PMID: 32764356 PMCID: PMC7466598 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A significant problem still exists with the low power output and durability of the bioelectrochemical fuel cells. We constructed a fuel cell with an enzymatic cascade at the anode for efficient energy conversion. The construction involved fabrication of the flow-through cell by three-dimensional printing. Gold nanoparticles with covalently bound naphthoquinone moieties deposited on cellulose/polypyrrole (CPPy) paper allowed us to significantly improve the catalysis rate, both at the anode and cathode of the fuel cell. The enzymatic cascade on the anode consisted of invertase, mutarotase, Flavine Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and fructose dehydrogenase. The multi-substrate anode utilized glucose, fructose, sucrose, or a combination of them, as the anode fuel and molecular oxygen were the oxidant at the laccase-based cathode. Laccase was adsorbed on the same type of naphthoquinone modified gold nanoparticles. Interestingly, the naphthoquinone modified gold nanoparticles acted as the enzyme orienting units and not as mediators since the catalyzed oxygen reduction occurred at the potential where direct electron transfer takes place. Thanks to the good catalytic and capacitive properties of the modified electrodes, the power density of the sucrose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells (EFC) reached 0.81 mW cm-2, which is beneficial for a cell composed of a single cathode and anode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Renata Bilewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (M.D.); (A.N.); (Ł.T.); (K.S.); (A.W.)
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Otero F, Magner E. Biosensors-Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Electrode Materials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3561. [PMID: 32586032 PMCID: PMC7349852 DOI: 10.3390/s20123561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors benefit from the simplicity, sensitivity, and rapid response of electroanalytical devices coupled with the selectivity of biorecognition molecules. The implementation of electrochemical biosensors in a clinical analysis can provide a sensitive and rapid response for the analysis of biomarkers, with the most successful being glucose sensors for diabetes patients. This review summarizes recent work on the use of structured materials such as nanoporous metals, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and ordered mesoporous carbon for biosensing applications. We also describe the use of additive manufacturing (AM) and review recent progress and challenges for the use of AM in biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmond Magner
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
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17
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Voitechovič E, Vektarienė A, Vektaris G, Jančienė R, Razumienė J, Gurevičienė V. 1,4‐Benzoquinone Derivatives for Enhanced Bioelectrocatalysis by Fructose Dehydrogenase from
Gluconobacter Japonicus
: Towards Promising D‐Fructose Biosensor Development. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edita Voitechovič
- Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biochemistry Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Department of Nanoengineering Savanorių 231 LT-02300 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Aušra Vektarienė
- Vilnius University Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Gytis Vektaris
- Vilnius University Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Regina Jančienė
- Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biochemistry Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Julija Razumienė
- Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biochemistry Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Vidutė Gurevičienė
- Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biochemistry Saulėtekio av.7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
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18
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Bollella P. Porous Gold: A New Frontier for Enzyme-Based Electrodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E722. [PMID: 32290306 PMCID: PMC7221854 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Porous gold (PG) layers modified electrodes have emerged as valuable enzyme support to realize multiple enzyme-based bioelectrochemical devices like biosensors, enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs), smart drug delivery devices triggered by enzyme catalyzed reactions, etc. PG films can be synthesized by using different methods such as dealloying, electrochemical (e.g., templated electrochemical deposition, self-templated electrochemical deposition, etc.) self-assembly and sputter deposition. This review aims to summarize the recent findings about PG synthesis and electrosynthesis, its characterization and application for enzyme-based electrodes used for biosensors and enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, 13699-5810 NY, USA
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19
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Direct Electron Transfer-Type Bioelectrocatalysis of Redox Enzymes at Nanostructured Electrodes. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalysis, which couples the electrode reactions and catalytic functions of redox enzymes without any redox mediator, is one of the most intriguing subjects that has been studied over the past few decades in the field of bioelectrochemistry. In order to realize the DET-type bioelectrocatalysis and improve the performance, nanostructures of the electrode surface have to be carefully tuned for each enzyme. In addition, enzymes can also be tuned by the protein engineering approach for the DET-type reaction. This review summarizes the recent progresses in this field of the research while considering the importance of nanostructure of electrodes as well as redox enzymes. This review also describes the basic concepts and theoretical aspects of DET-type bioelectrocatalysis, the significance of nanostructures as scaffolds for DET-type reactions, protein engineering approaches for DET-type reactions, and concepts and facts of bidirectional DET-type reactions from a cross-disciplinary viewpoint.
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20
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Direct electron transfer-type bioelectrocatalysis of FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase using porous gold electrodes and enzymatically implanted platinum nanoclusters. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 133:107457. [PMID: 31978858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalysis of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) from Aspergillus terreus (AtGDH) was carried out using porous gold (Au) electrodes and enzymatically implanted platinum nanoclusters (PtNCs). The porous Au electrodes were prepared by anodization of planar Au electrodes in a phosphate buffer containing glucose as a reductant. Moreover, PtNCs were generated into AtGDH by an enzymatic reduction of hexachloroplatinate (IV) ion. The modification was confirmed by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses. The AtGDH-adsorbed porous Au electrode showed a DET-type bioelectrocatalytic wave both in the presence and absence of PtNCs; however, the current density with PtNCs (~1 mA cm-2 at 0 V vs. Ag|AgCl|sat. KCl) was considerably higher than that without PtNCs. The kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of the steady-state catalytic wave indicated that inner PtNCs shortened the distance between the catalytic center of AtGDH (=FAD) and the conductive material, and improved the heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics between them.
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21
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The influence of the shape of Au nanoparticles on the catalytic current of fructose dehydrogenase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7645-7657. [PMID: 31286179 PMCID: PMC6881425 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Graphite electrodes were modified with triangular (AuNTrs) or spherical (AuNPs) nanoparticles and further modified with fructose dehydrogenase (FDH). The present study reports the effect of the shape of these nanoparticles (NPs) on the catalytic current of immobilized FDH pointing out the different contributions on the mass transfer-limited and kinetically limited currents. The influence of the shape of the NPs on the mass transfer-limited and the kinetically limited current has been proved by using two different methods: a rotating disk electrode (RDE) and an electrode mounted in a wall jet flow-through electrochemical cell attached to a flow system. The advantages of using the wall jet flow system compared with the RDE system for kinetic investigations are as follows: no need to account for substrate consumption, especially in the case of desorption of enzyme, and studies of product-inhibited enzymes. The comparison reveals that virtually identical results can be obtained using either of the two techniques. The heterogeneous electron transfer (ET) rate constants (kS) were found to be 3.8 ± 0.3 s-1 and 0.9 ± 0.1 s-1, for triangular and spherical NPs, respectively. The improvement observed for the electrode modified with AuNTrs suggests a more effective enzyme-NP interaction, which can allocate a higher number of enzyme molecules on the electrode surface. Graphical abstract The shape of gold nanoparticles has a crucial effect on the catalytic current related to the oxidation of D-(-)-fructose to 5-keto-D-(-)-fructose occurring at the FDH-modified electrode surface. In particular, AuNTrs have a higher effect compared with the spherical one.
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Xiao X, Xia HQ, Wu R, Bai L, Yan L, Magner E, Cosnier S, Lojou E, Zhu Z, Liu A. Tackling the Challenges of Enzymatic (Bio)Fuel Cells. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9509-9558. [PMID: 31243999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ever-increasing demands for clean and sustainable energy sources combined with rapid advances in biointegrated portable or implantable electronic devices have stimulated intensive research activities in enzymatic (bio)fuel cells (EFCs). The use of renewable biocatalysts, the utilization of abundant green, safe, and high energy density fuels, together with the capability of working at modest and biocompatible conditions make EFCs promising as next generation alternative power sources. However, the main challenges (low energy density, relatively low power density, poor operational stability, and limited voltage output) hinder future applications of EFCs. This review aims at exploring the underlying mechanism of EFCs and providing possible practical strategies, methodologies and insights to tackle these issues. First, this review summarizes approaches in achieving high energy densities in EFCs, particularly, employing enzyme cascades for the deep/complete oxidation of fuels. Second, strategies for increasing power densities in EFCs, including increasing enzyme activities, facilitating electron transfers, employing nanomaterials, and designing more efficient enzyme-electrode interfaces, are described. The potential of EFCs/(super)capacitor combination is discussed. Third, the review evaluates a range of strategies for improving the stability of EFCs, including the use of different enzyme immobilization approaches, tuning enzyme properties, designing protective matrixes, and using microbial surface displaying enzymes. Fourth, approaches for the improvement of the cell voltage of EFCs are highlighted. Finally, future developments and a prospective on EFCs are envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xiao
- Institute for Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China.,Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute , University of Limerick , Limerick V94 T9PX , Ireland
| | - Hong-Qi Xia
- Institute for Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China
| | - Ranran Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 West seventh Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , China
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute for Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China
| | - Lu Yan
- Institute for Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China
| | - Edmond Magner
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute , University of Limerick , Limerick V94 T9PX , Ireland
| | - Serge Cosnier
- Université Grenoble-Alpes , DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble , France.,Département de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Elisabeth Lojou
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines UMR7281 , Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, IMM , FR 3479, 31, chemin Joseph Aiguier 13402 Marseille , Cedex 20 , France
| | - Zhiguang Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 32 West seventh Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Area , Tianjin 300308 , China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Institute for Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Qingdao University , 308 Ningxia Road , Qingdao 266071 , China.,School of Pharmacy, Medical College , Qingdao University , Qingdao 266021 , China
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Adachi T, Kaida Y, Kitazumi Y, Shirai O, Kano K. Bioelectrocatalytic performance of d-fructose dehydrogenase. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 129:1-9. [PMID: 31063949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the bioelectrocatalytic properties of d-fructose dehydrogenase (FDH), while taking into consideration its enzymatic characteristics. FDH is a membrane-bound flavohemo-protein with a molecular mass of 138 kDa, and it catalyzes the oxidation of d-fructose to 5-keto-d-fructose. The characteristic feature of FDH is its strong direct-electron-transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalytic activity. The pathway of the DET-type reaction is discussed. An overview of the application of FDH-based bioelectrocatalysis to biosensors and biofuel cells is also presented, and the benefits and problems associated with it are extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Adachi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuya Kaida
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitazumi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Shirai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Kano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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24
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Wu CW, Unnikrishnan B, Tseng YT, Wei SC, Chang HT, Huang CC. Mesoporous manganese oxide/manganese ferrite nanopopcorns with dual enzyme mimic activities: A cascade reaction for selective detection of ketoses. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 541:75-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Ma S, Ludwig R. Direct Electron Transfer of Enzymes Facilitated by Cytochromes. ChemElectroChem 2019; 6:958-975. [PMID: 31008015 PMCID: PMC6472588 DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The direct electron transfer (DET) of enzymes has been utilized to develop biosensors and enzymatic biofuel cells on micro- and nanostructured electrodes. Whereas some enzymes exhibit direct electron transfer between their active-site cofactor and an electrode, other oxidoreductases depend on acquired cytochrome domains or cytochrome subunits as built-in redox mediators. The physiological function of these cytochromes is to transfer electrons between the active-site cofactor and a redox partner protein. The exchange of the natural electron acceptor/donor by an electrode has been demonstrated for several cytochrome carrying oxidoreductases. These multi-cofactor enzymes have been applied in third generation biosensors to detect glucose, lactate, and other analytes. This review investigates and classifies oxidoreductases with a cytochrome domain, enzyme complexes with a cytochrome subunit, and covers designed cytochrome fusion enzymes. The structurally and electrochemically best characterized proponents from each enzyme class carrying a cytochrome, that is, flavoenzymes, quinoenzymes, molybdenum-cofactor enzymes, iron-sulfur cluster enzymes, and multi-haem enzymes, are featured, and their biochemical, kinetic, and electrochemical properties are compared. The cytochromes molecular and functional properties as well as their contribution to the interdomain electron transfer (IET, between active-site and cytochrome) and DET (between cytochrome and electrode) with regard to the achieved current density is discussed. Protein design strategies for cytochrome-fused enzymes are reviewed and the limiting factors as well as strategies to overcome them are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ma
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory Department of Food Science and TechnologyBOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Roland Ludwig
- Biocatalysis and Biosensing Laboratory Department of Food Science and TechnologyBOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
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Bollella P, Hibino Y, Kano K, Gorton L, Antiochia R. Highly Sensitive Membraneless Fructose Biosensor Based on Fructose Dehydrogenase Immobilized onto Aryl Thiol Modified Highly Porous Gold Electrode: Characterization and Application in Food Samples. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12131-12136. [PMID: 30148350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present a new method to electrodeposit highly porous gold (h-PG) onto a polycrystalline solid gold electrode without any template. The electrodeposition is carried out by first cycling the electrode potential between +0.8 and 0 V in 10 mM HAuCl4 with 2.5 M NH4Cl and then applying a negative potential for the production of hydrogen bubbles at the electrode surface. After that the modified electrode was characterized in sulfuric acid to estimate the real surface area ( Areal) to be close to 24 cm2, which is roughly 300 times higher compared to the bare gold electrodes (0.08 cm2). The electrode was further incubated overnight with three different thiols (4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), 4-mercaptophenol (4-MPh), and 4-aminothiophenol (4-APh)) in order to produce differently charged self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the electrode surface. Finally a fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) solution was drop-cast onto the electrodes. All the modified electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry both under nonturnover and turnover conditions. The FDH/4-MPh/h-PG exhibited two couples of redox peaks for the heme c1 and heme c2 of the cytochrome domain of FDH and as well as a well pronounced catalytic current density (about 1000 μA cm-2 in the presence of 10 mM fructose) due to the presence of -OH groups on the electrode surface, which stabilize and orientate the enzyme layer on the electrode surface. The FDH/4-MPh/h-PG based electrode showed the best analytical performance with an excellent stability (90% retained activity over 90 days), a detection limit of 0.3 μM fructose, a linear range between 0.05 and 5 mM, and a sensitivity of 175 ± 15 μA cm-2 mM-1. These properties were favorably compared with other fructose biosensors reported in the literature. The biosensor was successively tested to quantify the fructose content in food and beverage samples. No significant interference present in the sample matrixes was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies , Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , 00185 , Rome , Italy
| | - Yuya Hibino
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
| | - Kenji Kano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo , Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Analytical Chemistry/Biochemistry , Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 221 00 , Lund , Sweden
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies , Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , 00185 , Rome , Italy
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Bollella P, Gorton L, Antiochia R. Direct Electron Transfer of Dehydrogenases for Development of 3rd Generation Biosensors and Enzymatic Fuel Cells. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E1319. [PMID: 29695133 PMCID: PMC5982196 DOI: 10.3390/s18051319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrogenase based bioelectrocatalysis has been increasingly exploited in recent years in order to develop new bioelectrochemical devices, such as biosensors and biofuel cells, with improved performances. In some cases, dehydrogeases are able to directly exchange electrons with an appropriately designed electrode surface, without the need for an added redox mediator, allowing bioelectrocatalysis based on a direct electron transfer process. In this review we briefly describe the electron transfer mechanism of dehydrogenase enzymes and some of the characteristics required for bioelectrocatalysis reactions via a direct electron transfer mechanism. Special attention is given to cellobiose dehydrogenase and fructose dehydrogenase, which showed efficient direct electron transfer reactions. An overview of the most recent biosensors and biofuel cells based on the two dehydrogenases will be presented. The various strategies to prepare modified electrodes in order to improve the electron transfer properties of the device will be carefully investigated and all analytical parameters will be presented, discussed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lo Gorton
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Preparation, Modification, Characterization, and Biosensing Application of Nanoporous Gold Using Electrochemical Techniques. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8030171. [PMID: 29547580 PMCID: PMC5869662 DOI: 10.3390/nano8030171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (np-Au), because of its high surface area-to-volume ratio, excellent conductivity, chemical inertness, physical stability, biocompatibility, easily tunable pores, and plasmonic properties, has attracted much interested in the field of nanotechnology. It has promising applications in the fields of catalysis, bio/chemical sensing, drug delivery, biomolecules separation and purification, fuel cell development, surface-chemistry-driven actuation, and supercapacitor design. Many chemical and electrochemical procedures are known for the preparation of np-Au. Recently, researchers are focusing on easier and controlled ways to tune the pores and ligaments size of np-Au for its use in different applications. Electrochemical methods have good control over fine-tuning pore and ligament sizes. The np-Au electrodes that are prepared using electrochemical techniques are robust and are easier to handle for their use in electrochemical biosensing. Here, we review different electrochemical strategies for the preparation, post-modification, and characterization of np-Au along with the synergistic use of both electrochemistry and np-Au for applications in biosensing.
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29
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El-Zoka AA, Langelier B, Korinek A, Botton GA, Newman RC. Nanoscale mechanism of the stabilization of nanoporous gold by alloyed platinum. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:4904-4912. [PMID: 29480291 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (NPG) is usually made by electrochemical dealloying of Ag from binary AgAu alloys. The resulting nanoscale ligaments are not very stable, and tend to coarsen with time by surface self-diffusion, especially in electrolyte, which may lead to inferior electrocatalytic properties. Addition of a small amount of Pt to the precursor alloy is known to refine and stabilize the nanoporous product (NPG-Pt). However, the mechanisms by which Pt serves to refine the microstructure remain poorly understood. The present study aims to expand our knowledge of the role of Pt by examining NPG-Pt at atomic resolution with Atom Probe Tomography (APT), as well as by aberration-corrected Transmission Electron Microscopy. Atomic level observation of Pt enrichment on ligament surfaces sheds light on the underlying mechanisms that give rise to Pt's refining effect. Owing to improved Ag retention with higher Pt content, NPG-Pt1 (made by dealloying Ag77Au22Pt1) was shown to have the highest surface area-to-volume ratio, compared to NPG-Pt3 (made by dealloying Ag77Au20Pt3). Quantitative estimates reveal up to 5-fold enrichment of Pt at nanoligament surfaces, compared to the precursor content, in NPG-Pt. The interface between the dealloyed layer and the substrate was captured by APT, for the first time. The findings of this investigation add insight into the functionality of NPG-Pt and its prospective catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A El-Zoka
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.
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30
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Potential pulse-assisted immobilization of Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase at planar and nanoporous gold electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xiao X, Siepenkoetter T, Conghaile PÓ, Leech D, Magner E. Nanoporous Gold-Based Biofuel Cells on Contact Lenses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:7107-7116. [PMID: 29406691 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A lactate/O2 enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) was prepared as a potential power source for wearable microelectronic devices. Mechanically stable and flexible nanoporous gold (NPG) electrodes were prepared using an electrochemical dealloying method consisting of a pre-anodization process and a subsequent electrochemical cleaning step. Bioanodes were prepared by the electrodeposition of an Os polymer and Pediococcus sp. lactate oxidase onto the NPG electrode. The electrocatalytic response to lactate could be tuned by adjusting the deposition time. Bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria was covalently attached to a diazonium-modified NPG surface. A flexible EBFC was prepared by placing the electrodes between two commercially available contact lenses to avoid direct contact with the eye. When tested in air-equilibrated artificial tear solutions (3 mM lactate), a maximum power density of 1.7 ± 0.1 μW cm-2 and an open-circuit voltage of 380 ± 28 mV were obtained, values slightly lower than those obtained in phosphate buffer solution (2.4 ± 0.2 μW cm-2 and 455 ± 21 mV, respectively). The decrease was mainly attributed to interference from ascorbate. After 5.5 h of operation, the EBFC retained 20% of the initial power output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xiao
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Till Siepenkoetter
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Peter Ó Conghaile
- School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Dónal Leech
- School of Chemistry & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Edmond Magner
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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Şeker E, Shih WC, Stine KJ. Nanoporous metals by alloy corrosion: Bioanalytical and biomedical applications. MRS BULLETIN 2018; 43:49-56. [PMID: 32684663 PMCID: PMC7367097 DOI: 10.1557/mrs.2017.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous metals obtained by dealloying have attracted significant attention for their unusual catalytic properties, and as model materials for fundamental studies of structure-property relationships in a variety of research areas. There has been a recent surge in the use of these metals for biomedical and bioanalytical applications, where many exciting opportunities exist. The goal of this article is to provide a review of recent progress in using nanoporous metals for biological applications, including as biosensors for detecting biomarkers of disease and multifunctional neural interfaces for monitoring and modulating the activity of neural tissue. The article emphasizes the unique properties of nanoporous gold and concludes by discussing its utility in addressing important challenges in biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkin Şeker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Multifunctional Nanoporous Metals Group, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Nanobiophotonics Laboratory, and Nanosystem Manufacturing Center, University of Houston, USA
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Stine KJ. Enzyme Immobilization on Nanoporous Gold: A Review. BIOCHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2017; 10:1178626417748607. [PMID: 29308011 PMCID: PMC5751899 DOI: 10.1177/1178626417748607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (referred to as np-Au or NPG) has emerged over the past 10 years as a new support for enzyme immobilization. The material has appealing features of ease of preparation, tunability of pore size, high surface to volume ratio, and compatibility with multiple strategies for enzyme immobilization. The np-Au material is especially of interest for immobilization of redox enzymes for biosensor and biofuel cell applications given the ability to construct electrodes of high surface area and stability. Adjustment of the pore size of np-Au can yield enhancements in enzyme thermal stability. Glucose oxidase immobilization on np-Au has been a focus for development of glucose sensors. Immobilization of laccase and related enzymes has demonstrated the utility of np-Au for construction of biofuel cells. Np-Au has been used to immobilize other redox enzymes, enzyme conjugates for use in bioassays, and enzymes of interest for industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri–St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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