1
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Huang Y, Xu Y, Bisoyi HK, Liu Z, Wang J, Tao Y, Yang T, Huang S, Yang H, Li Q. Photocontrollable Elongation Actuation of Liquid Crystal Elastomer Films with Well-Defined Crease Structures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304378. [PMID: 37421658 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Although liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) have demonstrated various applications in artificial muscles and soft robotics, their inherent flexibility and orientation-dependent forces limit their functions. For instance, LCEs can sustain a high actuation force when they contract but cannot elongate to drive loads with large displacements. In this study, it is demonstrated that photocontrollable elongation actuation with a large strain can be achieved in polydomain LCEs by programming the crease structures in a well-defined order to couple the actuation forces. Efficient photoactuation without overheating-induced damage to the materials is favored, based on the well-designed photosensitive molecular switch crosslinker via the synergy of photochemical and photothermal effects. The LCE actuator can jack up heavy loads, elongate freely, and contract back to manipulate distant objects. Theoretical analysis based on a finite element simulation of the deformation energy during the actuation process reveals a trade-off between the abilities of jacking-up and withstanding load. More importantly, this study simplifies the design of a single material with functions inherent only in other soft robotic devices based on the assembly of multiple modules, thus providing a design strategy for surpassing instinctive properties of conventional soft materials to expand the functions of soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yiyi Xu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
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2
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Boychuk A, Shibaev V, Cigl M, Hamplová V, Novotná V, Bobrovsky A. Large Thermally Irreversible Photoinduced Shift of Selective Light Reflection in Hydrazone-Containing Cholesteric Polymer Systems. Chemphyschem 2023:e202300011. [PMID: 36861819 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive liquid crystalline polymers are a unique class of so-called "smart" materials demonstrating various types of mesomorphic structures easily controlled by external fields, including light. In the present work we synthesized and studied a comb-shaped hydrazone-containing copolyacrylate exhibited cholesteric liquid crystalline properties with the pitch length of the helix being tuned under irradiation with light. In the cholesteric phase selective light reflection in the near IR spectral range (1650 nm) was measured and a large blue shift of the reflection peak from 1650 nm to 500 nm was found under blue light (428 or 457 nm) irradiation. This shift is related to the Z-E isomerization of photochromic hydrazone-containing groups and it is photochemically reversible. The improved and faster photo-optical response was found after copolymer doping with 10 wt % of low-molar-mass liquid crystal. It is noteworthy that both, the E and Z isomers of hydrazone photochromic group are thermally stable that enable to achieve a pure photoinduced switch without any dark relaxation at any temperatures. The large photoinduced shift of the selective light reflection, together with thermal bistability, makes such systems promising for applications in photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Boychuk
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valery Shibaev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Martin Cigl
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 1999/2 Na Slovance, 182 20, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Vĕra Hamplová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 1999/2 Na Slovance, 182 20, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Novotná
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 1999/2 Na Slovance, 182 20, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Alexey Bobrovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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3
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Thapa K, Iadlovska OS, Bisoyi HK, Paterson DA, Storey JMD, Imrie CT, Li Q, Shiyanovskii SV, Lavrentovich OD. Combined electric and photocontrol of selective light reflection at an oblique helicoidal cholesteric liquid crystal doped with azoxybenzene derivative. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:044702. [PMID: 34781517 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.044702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An oblique helicoidal cholesteric liquid crystal Ch_{OH} represents a unique optical material with a single-harmonic periodic modulation of the refractive index and a pitch that can be tuned by an electric or magnetic field in a broad range from submicrometers to micrometers. In this work, we demonstrate that the oblique helicoidal cholesteric doped with azoxybenzene molecules can be tuned by both the electric field and light irradiation. The tuning mechanism is explained by the kinetics of trans-cis photoisomerization of the azoxybenzene molecules. At a fixed voltage, UV irradiation causes a redshift of the reflection peak by more than 200 nm. The effect is caused by an increase of the bend elastic constant of Ch_{OH} under irradiation. The demonstrated principle has the potential for applications such as smart windows, sensors, tunable lasers, and filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Thapa
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Olena S Iadlovska
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Daniel A Paterson
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - John M D Storey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Corrie T Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Quan Li
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Sergij V Shiyanovskii
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Oleg D Lavrentovich
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.,Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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4
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Chiral Photoresponsive Liquid Crystalline Materials Derived from Cyanoazobenzene Central Core: Effect of UV Light Illumination on Mesomorphic Behavior. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10121161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
One of the most frequently utilized liquid crystalline (LC) materials is a rod-like (calamitic) compound 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5-CB). The main objective of this work is to enhance its functionality by introducing a photoresponsive diazenyl spacer in the aromatic core and replace the non-chiral pentyl chain with various chiral alkyl carboxylate units. The mesomorphic properties of the prepared materials have been studied using polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It has been found that materials with an extended aromatic system possess the liquid crystalline behavior. The studied LC materials have shown mesophases at lower temperatures than previously reported analogous substances. Furthermore, one of them exhibits a chiral orthogonal frustrated twist grain boundary smectic phase, which has not been previously observed for this structural type of materials. We also investigated photoresponse of the mesophases under illumination with UV-light (365 nm) using a polarizing optical microscope. A non-conventional photoresponse of the prepared materials in a crystalline phase is presented and discussed.
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5
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Wang L, Urbas AM, Li Q. Nature-Inspired Emerging Chiral Liquid Crystal Nanostructures: From Molecular Self-Assembly to DNA Mesophase and Nanocolloids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1801335. [PMID: 30160812 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals (LCs) are omnipresent in living matter, whose chirality is an elegant and distinct feature in certain plant tissues, the cuticles of crabs, beetles, arthropods, and beyond. Taking inspiration from nature, researchers have recently devoted extensive efforts toward developing chiral liquid crystalline materials with self-organized nanostructures and exploring their potential applications in diverse fields ranging from dynamic photonics to energy and safety issues. In this review, an account on the state of the art of emerging chiral liquid crystalline nanostructured materials and their technological applications is provided. First, an overview on the significance of chiral liquid crystalline architectures in various living systems is given. Then, the recent significant progress in different chiral liquid crystalline systems including thermotropic LCs (cholesteric LCs, cubic blue phases, achiral bent-core LCs, etc.) and lyotropic LCs (DNA LCs, nanocellulose LCs, and graphene oxide LCs) is showcased. The review concludes with a perspective on the future scope, opportunities, and challenges in these truly advanced functional soft materials and their promising applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Augustine M Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
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6
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Abstract
Recent progress in chiroptical switches including on/off, amplification, and inversion of the chiral signals such as ECD and CPL in supramolecular assemblies is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Han-Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Shuai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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7
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Nemati A, Shadpour S, Querciagrossa L, Mori T, Zannoni C, Hegmann T. Highly Sensitive, Tunable Chirality Amplification through Space Visualized for Gold Nanorods Capped with Axially Chiral Binaphthyl Derivatives. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10312-10326. [PMID: 31424907 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The creation and transmission of chirality in molecular systems is a well-known, widely applied notion. Our understanding of how the chirality of nanomaterials can be controlled, measured, transmitted through space, and applied is less well understood. Dynamic assemblies for chiral sensing or metamaterials engineered from chiral nanomaterials require exact methods to determine transmission and amplification of nanomaterial chirality through space. We report the synthesis of a series of gold nanorods (GNRs) with a constant aspect ratio of ∼4.3 capped with C2-symmetric, axially chiral binaphthyl thiols, preparation of dispersions in the nematic liquid crystal 5CB, measurements of the helical pitch, and the determination of the helical twisting power as well as the average distance between the chiral nanomaterial additives. By comparison to the neat organic chiral derivatives, we demonstrate how the amplification of chirality facilitated by GNRs decorated with chiral molecules can be used to clearly distinguish the chiral induction strength of a homologous series of binaphthyl derivatives, differing only in the length of the nontethered aliphatic chain, in the induced chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Considering systematic errors in sample preparation and optical measurements, these chiral molecules would otherwise be deemed identical with respect to chiral induction. Notably, we find some of the highest ever-reported values of the helical twisting power. We further support our experimentally derived arguments of a more comprehensive understanding of chirality transfer by calculations of a suitable pseudoscalar chirality indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Nemati
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
| | - Sasan Shadpour
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
| | - Lara Querciagrossa
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari" and INSTM , Università di Bologna , Viale Risorgimento 4 , IT-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Taizo Mori
- Graduate School of Frontier Science , The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha , Kashiwa 277-0827 , Japan
| | - Claudio Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari" and INSTM , Università di Bologna , Viale Risorgimento 4 , IT-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Torsten Hegmann
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
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8
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Akagi K. Interdisciplinary Chemistry Based on Integration of Liquid Crystals and Conjugated Polymers: Development and Progress. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Akagi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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9
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Kim Y, Tamaoki N. Photoresponsive Chiral Dopants: Light‐Driven Helicity Manipulation in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals for Optical and Mechanical Functions. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University N-20, W-10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 JAPAN
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic ScienceHokkaido University N-20, W-10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0020 JAPAN
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10
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Zhao D, Zhao X, Wang J, Peng H, Liao Y, Xie X, Smalyukh II, Yu Y. Visible Light Rewritable and Long‐Lived Colors in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals: A Facile Co‐Doping Strategy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900037. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Zhao
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
- Sino–US Joint Research Center on Liquid Crystal Chemistry and PhysicsHUST and CUB
| | - Yonggui Liao
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service FailureSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) Wuhan 430074 China
- Sino–US Joint Research Center on Liquid Crystal Chemistry and PhysicsHUST and CUB
| | - Ivan I. Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering ProgramUniversity of Colorado at Boulder (CUB) Boulder Colorado 80309 US
- Sino–US Joint Research Center on Liquid Crystal Chemistry and PhysicsHUST and CUB
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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11
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Banerjee M, Ghosh M, Pradhan S, Sanmartín Matalobos J, Rej A, Hira SK, Das D. Azouracil and Its Cu(II)-Catalyzed Cyclization to an Anticancer Active Triazole Derivative: Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Reductive Cleavage, DNA Interaction, and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1184-1196. [PMID: 35021367 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl uracil-based azo derivative (p-carboxy phenylazouracil, L11) undergoes Cu(II)-catalyzed cyclization to a triazole derivative, namely, 1,3-dimethyl-8-(p-carboxy phenyl) azapurine (L11P). Interestingly, the azo functionality of L11 undergoes both symmetrical and asymmetrical reductive cleavage at two different reaction conditions. The chloride salts of Mn(II), Ni(II), and Pd(II) catalyze reductive cleavage of an azo moiety in an asymmetric manner, producing a new uracil hydrazine derivative (A3). On the other hand, hydrazine catalyzes symmetrical reductive cleavage of the azo moiety of L11, resulting in 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyl uracil (A2) along with the starting p-aminobenzoic acid (A1). Time-dependent density functional theoretical (TD-DFT) studies provide optimized geometries of L11, L11P, and A3 along with their orbital energies. The L11 and L11P bind firmly to genomic DNA of E. coli with a site size n ∼ 9 and n ∼ 8. The L11P shows anticancer activity on selected murine lymphoma cancer cell lines (DL, YAC1, and 2PK3). In addition, its antiproliferative activity is measured with several cancer cell lines and found hemocompatible toward blood cells. Corresponding molecular docking studies of L11P with caspase-3 (cysteine-aspartic proteases) unlock their mode of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahuya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Milan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Sayantan Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Jesús Sanmartín Matalobos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Avda. Das Ciencias s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Abhinandan Rej
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Hira
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
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12
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Geng WC, Sun H, Guo DS. Macrocycles containing azo groups: recognition, assembly and application. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-018-0819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Bisoyi HK, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Stimuli-Driven Control of the Helical Axis of Self-Organized Soft Helical Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706512. [PMID: 29603448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular and macromolecular functional helical superstructures are ubiquitous in nature and display an impressive catalog of intriguing and elegant properties and performances. In materials science, self-organized soft helical superstructures, i.e., cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), serve as model systems toward the understanding of morphology- and orientation-dependent properties of supramolecular dynamic helical architectures and their potential for technological applications. Moreover, most of the fascinating device applications of CLCs are primarily determined by different orientations of the helical axis. Here, the control of the helical axis orientation of CLCs and its dynamic switching in two and three dimensions using different external stimuli are summarized. Electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and light-irradiation-driven orientation control and reorientation of the helical axis of CLCs are described and highlighted. Different techniques and strategies developed to achieve a uniform lying helix structure are explored. Helical axis control in recently developed heliconical cholesteric systems is examined. The control of the helical axis orientation in spherical geometries such as microdroplets and microshells fabricated from these enticing photonic fluids is also explored. Future challenges and opportunities in this exciting area involving anisotropic chiral liquids are then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Timothy J Bunning
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, OH, 44242, USA
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14
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Heindl AH, Wende RC, Wegner HA. London dispersion as important factor for the stabilization of ( Z)-azobenzenes in the presence of hydrogen bonding. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1238-1243. [PMID: 29977392 PMCID: PMC6009200 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding and control of the light-induced isomerization of azobenzenes as one of the most important classes of molecular switches is crucial for the design of light-responsive materials using this entity. Herein, we present the stabilization of metastable (Z)-azobenzenes by London dispersion interactions, even in the presence of comparably stronger hydrogen bonds in various solvents. The Z→E isomerization rates of several N-substituted 4,4'-bis(4-aminobenzyl)azobenzenes were measured. An intramolecular stabilization was observed and explained by the interplay of intramolecular amide and carbamate hydrogen bonds as well as London dispersion interactions. Whereas in toluene, 1,4-dioxane and tert-butyl methyl ether the hydrogen bonds dominate, the variation in stabilization of the different substituted azobenzenes in dimethyl sulfoxide can be rationalized by London dispersion interactions. These findings were supported by conformational analysis and DFT computations and reveal low-energy London dispersion forces to be a significant factor, even in the presence of hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Heindl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
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15
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Nishikawa H, Mochizuki D, Higuchi H, Okumura Y, Kikuchi H. Reversible Broad-Spectrum Control of Selective Reflections of Chiral Nematic Phases by Closed-/Open-Type Axially Chiral Azo Dopants. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:710-720. [PMID: 29226059 PMCID: PMC5715284 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate reversible RGB-color photocontrol of a chiral nematic liquid crystal (N*LC) by using newly synthesized closed- and open-type chiral dopants. The photoswitching elements in the dopants are azobenzene units on axially chiral binaphthyl cores. Owing to cis-trans photoisomerization of the azobenzene units, both closed- and open-type compounds showed higher solubility, larger helical twisting power (HTP), and larger changes in HTP than conventional chiral dopants in host LCs. Thus, even at very low dopant concentrations, we successfully controlled the chirality of the induced helical structure of the N*LCs. Consequently, the N*LCs reflected right- and left-handed circularly polarized light (CPL) under a light stimulus. In the N*LCs with closed-type chiral dopants, the RGB-color reflection was reversibly controlled within several seconds. Interestingly, the open-type chiral dopant reversibly inverted CPL with opposite handedness in the near and short-wave IR regions. These novel materials are expected to realize new applications and perspectives in color information and similar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Nishikawa
- Institute for Material Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen, KasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan
| | - Daigou Mochizuki
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesKyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen, KasugaFukuoka816–8580Japan
| | - Hiroki Higuchi
- Institute for Material Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen, KasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan
| | - Yasushi Okumura
- Institute for Material Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen, KasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kikuchi
- Institute for Material Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasuga-Koen, KasugaFukuoka816-8580Japan
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16
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Huang H, Orlova T, Matt B, Katsonis N. Long‐Lived Supramolecular Helices Promoted by Fluorinated Photoswitches. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Bio‐inspired and Smart MaterialsMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Tetiana Orlova
- Bio‐inspired and Smart MaterialsMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Matt
- Bio‐inspired and Smart MaterialsMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Katsonis
- Bio‐inspired and Smart MaterialsMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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17
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light-Driven Liquid Crystalline Materials: From Photo-Induced Phase Transitions and Property Modulations to Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:15089-15166. [PMID: 27936632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Light-driven phenomena both in living systems and nonliving materials have enabled truly fascinating and incredible dynamic architectures with terrific forms and functions. Recently, liquid crystalline materials endowed with photoresponsive capability have emerged as enticing systems. In this Review, we focus on the developments of light-driven liquid crystalline materials containing photochromic components over the past decade. Design and synthesis of photochromic liquid crystals (LCs), photoinduced phase transitions in LC, and photoalignment and photoorientation of LCs have been covered. Photomodulation of pitch, polarization, lattice constant and handedness inversion of chiral LCs is discussed. Light-driven phenomena and properties of liquid crystalline polymers, elastomers, and networks have also been analyzed. The applications of photoinduced phase transitions, photoalignment, photomodulation of chiral LCs, and photomobile polymers have been highlighted wherever appropriate. The combination of photochromism, liquid crystallinity, and fabrication techniques has enabled some fascinating functional materials which can be driven by ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light irradiation. Nanoscale particles have been incorporated to widen and diversify the scope of the light-driven liquid crystalline materials. The developed materials possess huge potential for applications in optics, photonics, adaptive materials, nanotechnology, etc. The challenges and opportunities in this area are discussed at the end of the Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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18
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Yasuike N, Yagishita F, Sunaoshi K, Hasegawa Y, Mino T, Sakamotoa M. Reversible changes of axial chirality of naphthamide by photochemical and thermal reactions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Nagata Y, Uno M, Suginome M. Three-Way-Switchable (
Right/
Left/
OFF)
Selective Reflection of Circularly Polarized Light on Solid Thin Films of Helical Polymer Blends. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuya Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Makoto Uno
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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20
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Nagata Y, Uno M, Suginome M. Three-Way-Switchable (Right/Left/OFF) Selective Reflection of Circularly Polarized Light on Solid Thin Films of Helical Polymer Blends. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7126-30. [PMID: 27120076 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two poly(quinoxaline-2,3-diyl) copolymers bearing miscibility-enhancing 8-chlorooctyloxy and (S)-2-methylbutoxy or n-butoxy side chains were synthesized. After annealing in CHCl3 vapor, a polymer-blend film of these copolymers exhibited selective reflection of right-handed circularly polarized light (CPL) in the visible region. The handedness of the CPL reflected was completely inverted upon annealing of the film in THF vapor. Annealing in n-hexane vapor resulted in the phase separation of the polymer blend, which turned the selective reflection off. This three-way-switchable reflection, that is, reflection of right-handed or left-handed CPL, together with an OFF state, could be observed visually through right- and left-handed CPL filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuya Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Makoto Uno
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
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21
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Kim Y, Tamaoki N. Asymmetric Dimers of Chiral Azobenzene Dopants Exhibiting Unusual Helical Twisting Power upon Photoswitching in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:4918-4926. [PMID: 26815738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized asymmetric dimeric chiral molecules as photon-mode chiral switches for reversible tuning of self-assembled helical superstructures. The chiral switches bearing two mesogen units-cholesterol and azobenzene moieties connected through flexible alkylenedioxy bridges-were doped into nematic liquid crystals, resulting in a chiral nematic (cholesteric) phase. Under irradiation with UV light, photoisomerization of the azobenzene units led to unprecedented switching of the cholesteric pitch and helical twisting power (HTP, β), with a higher HTP found in the cis-rich state (bent-form) than in the trans-state (rod-form). We attribute this behavior to the elongated cybotactic smectic clusters disrupting the helical orientation of the molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystals; their reversible decay and reassembly was evidenced upon sequential irradiation with UV and visible light, respectively. In addition to the photoisomerization of the azobenzene units, the odd/even parity of the alkylenedioxy linkers of the dimeric dopants also had a dramatic effect on the transitions of the cybotactic smectic domains. On the basis of the large rotational reorganization of the cholesteric helix and HTP switching (Δβ/βini of up to 50%), we could control the macroscopic rotational motion of microsized glass rods upon irradiating the surface of a cholesteric liquid crystal film featuring a polygonal fingerprint texture using UV and visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , Kita20, Nishi10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University , Kita20, Nishi10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
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22
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Mori T, Sharma A, Hegmann T. Significant Enhancement of the Chiral Correlation Length in Nematic Liquid Crystals by Gold Nanoparticle Surfaces Featuring Axially Chiral Binaphthyl Ligands. ACS NANO 2016; 10:1552-64. [PMID: 26735843 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental scientific concept best described by the absence of mirror symmetry and the inability to superimpose an object onto its mirror image by translation and rotation. Chirality is expressed at almost all molecular levels, from single molecules to supramolecular systems, and present virtually everywhere in nature. Here, to explore how chirality propagates from a chiral nanoscale surface, we study gold nanoparticles functionalized with axially chiral binaphthyl molecules. In particular, we synthesized three enantiomeric pairs of chiral ligand-capped gold nanoparticles differing in size, curvature, and ligand density to tune the chirality transfer from nanoscale solid surfaces to a bulk anisotropic liquid crystal medium. Ultimately, we are examining how far the chirality from a nanoparticle surface reaches into a bulk material. Circular dichroism spectra of the gold nanoparticles decorated with binaphthyl thiols confirmed that the binaphthyl moieties form a cisoid conformation in isotropic organic solvents. In the chiral nematic liquid crystal phase, induced by dispersing the gold nanoparticles into an achiral anisotropic nematic liquid crystal solvent, the binaphthyl moieties on the nanoparticle surface form a transoid conformation as determined by imaging the helical twist direction of the induced cholesteric phase. This suggests that the ligand density on the nanoscale metal surfaces provides a dynamic space to alter and adjust the helicity of binaphthyl derivatives in response to the ordering of the surrounding medium. The helical pitch values of the induced chiral nematic phase were determined, and the helical twisting power (HTP) of the chiral gold nanoparticles calculated to elucidate the chirality transfer efficiency of the binaphthyl ligand capped gold nanoparticles. Remarkably, the HTP increases with increasing diameter of the particles, that is, the efficiency of the chirality transfer of the binaphthyl units bound to the nanoparticle surface is diminished as the size of the particle is reduced. However, in comparison to the free ligands, per chiral molecule all tested gold nanoparticles induce helical distortions in a 10- to 50-fold larger number of liquid crystal host molecules surrounding each particle, indicating a significantly enhanced chiral correlation length. We propose that both the helicity and the chirality transfer efficiency of axially chiral binaphthyl derivatives can be controlled at metal nanoparticle surfaces by adjusting the particle size and curvature as well as the number and density of the chiral ligands to ultimately measure and tune the chiral correlation length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Mori
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242-0001 United States
| | - Anshul Sharma
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242-0001 United States
| | - Torsten Hegmann
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio 44242-0001 United States
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23
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light‐Directed Dynamic Chirality Inversion in Functional Self‐Organized Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2994-3010. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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24
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Lichtgesteuerte dynamische Chiralitätsumkehr in funktionalen selbstorganisierten helikalen Überstrukturen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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25
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Varanytsia A, Chien LC. Photoswitchable and dye-doped bubble domain texture of cholesteric liquid crystals. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:4392-4395. [PMID: 26421539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.004392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate control of the transmittance of the naturally formed bubble domain (BD) texture of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) with negative dielectric anisotropy confined into a cell with homeotropic surface anchoring. By using a photosensitive chiral dopant with variable helical twisting power under light irradiation, control of packing density of bubbles, spatial patterning, and all optical switching between bistable states with different optical densities is achieved. By introducing dichroic dye into the CLC mixture, a bistable and switchable by applied electric field guest-host system is obtained. The light dimming properties of dye-doped BD CLC systems may lead to development of a wide range of applications.
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26
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Floß G, Saalfrank P. The Photoinduced E → Z Isomerization of Bisazobenzenes: A Surface Hopping Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:5026-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gereon Floß
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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27
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Ghoneim MM, El-Ghamaz NA, El-Sonbati AZ, Diab MA, El-Bindary AA, Serag LS. Optical and thermal properties of azo derivatives of salicylic acid thin films. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:1039-1049. [PMID: 25286116 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
N-acryloyl-4-aminosalicylic acid (4-AMSA), monomer (HL) and 5-(4'-alkyl phenylazo)-N-acryloyl-4-aminosalicylic acid (HLn) are synthesized and characterized with various physico-chemical techniques. Thin films of 5-(4'-alkyl phenylazo)-N-acryloyl-4-aminosalicylic acid (HLn) are prepared by spin coating technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA) and its derivatives are investigated in powder and thin film forms. Thermal properties of the compounds are investigated by thermogravemetric analysis (TGA). The optical energy gap and the type of optical transition are investigated in the wavelength range (200-2500 nm) for 4-ASA, HL and HLn. The values of fundamental energy gap (Eg) are in the range 3.60-3.69 eV for all compounds and the type of optical transition is found to be indirect allowed. The onset energy gap Eg(∗) appeared only for azodye compounds is found to be in the range 0.95-1.55 eV depending on the substituent function groups. The refractive index, n, shows a normal dispersion in the wavelength range 650-2500 nm, while shows anomalous dispersion in the wavelength rang 200-650 nm. The dispersion parameters ε∞, εL, Ed, Eo and N/m(∗) are calculated. The photoluminescence phenomena (PL) appear for thin films of 4-ASA and its derivatives show three main emission transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Ghoneim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - N A El-Ghamaz
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - A Z El-Sonbati
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt.
| | - M A Diab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - A A El-Bindary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - L S Serag
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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28
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Jin O, Fu D, Ge Y, Wei J, Guo J. Hydrogen-bonded chiral molecular switches: photo- and thermally-reversible switchable full range color in the self-organized helical superstructure. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New kinds of hydrogen-bonded chiral molecular switches and dual photo/thermo-responsive behavior of self-organized helical superstructure based on them were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyu Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Dengwei Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Yixiu Ge
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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29
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Bisoyi HK, Li Q. Light-directing chiral liquid crystal nanostructures: from 1D to 3D. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3184-95. [PMID: 25181560 DOI: 10.1021/ar500249k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endowing external, remote, and dynamic control to self-organized superstructures with desired functionalities is a principal driving force in the bottom-up nanofabrication of molecular devices. Light-driven chiral molecular switches or motors in liquid crystal (LC) media capable of self-organizing into optically tunable one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) superstructures represent such an elegant system. As a consequence, photoresponsive cholesteric LCs (CLCs), i.e., self-organized 1D helical superstructures, and LC blue phases (BPs), i.e., self-organized 3D periodic cubic lattices, are emerging as a new generation of multifunctional supramolecular 1D and 3D photonic materials in their own right because of their fundamental academic interest and technological significance. These smart stimuli-responsive materials can be facilely fabricated from achiral LC hosts by the addition of a small amount of a light-driven chiral molecular switch or motor. The photoresponsiveness of these materials is a result of both molecular interaction and geometry changes in the chiral molecular switch upon light irradiation. The doped photoresponsive CLCs undergo light-driven pitch modulation and/or helix inversion, which has many applications in color filters, polarizers, all-optical displays, optical lasers, sensors, energy-saving smart devices, and so on. Recently, we have conceptualized and rationally synthesized different light-driven chiral molecular switches that have very high helical twisting powers (HTPs) and exhibit large changes in HTP in different states, thereby enabling wide phototunability of the systems by the addition of very small amounts of the molecular switches into commercially available achiral LCs. The light-driven chiral molecular switches are based on well-recognized azobenzene, dithienylcyclopentene, and spirooxazine derivatives. We have demonstrated high-resolution and lightweight photoaddressable displays without patterned electronics on flexible substrates. The wide tunability of the HTP furnishes reflection colors encompassing the whole visible spectrum and beyond in a reversible manner. Photomodulation of the helical pitch of the CLCs has been achieved by UV, visible, and near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. NIR-light-induced red, green, and blue (RGB) reflections have been leveraged only by varying the power density of the IR laser. Some chiral switches are found to confer helix inversion to the cholesteric systems, which qualifies the CLCs for applications where circularly polarized light is involved. Dynamic and static primary RGB reflection colors have been achieved in a single film. LC BPs have been fabricated and investigated in the context of self-organized 3D photonic band gap (PBG) materials, and dynamic phototuning of the PBG over the visible region has been achieved. Omnidirectional lasing and tuning of the laser emission wavelength have also been attained in monodisperse photoresponsive CLC microshells fabricated by a capillary-based microfluidic technique. This Account covers the research and development in our laboratory starting from the design concepts and synthesis of photodynamic chiral molecular switches to their applications in the fabrication of photoresponsive CLCs and BPs. Potential and demonstrated practical applications of photoresponsive CLCs, microshells, and BPs are discussed, and the Account concludes with a brief forecast of what lies beyond the horizon in this rapidly expanding and fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Liquid Crystal
Institute
and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal
Institute
and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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30
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Li Y, Wang M, Wang H, Urbas A, Li Q. Rationally Designed Axially Chiral Diarylethene Switches with High Helical Twisting Power. Chemistry 2014; 20:16286-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Nagata Y, Takagi K, Suginome M. Solid Polymer Films Exhibiting Handedness-Switchable, Full-Color-Tunable Selective Reflection of Circularly Polarized Light. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9858-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504808r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuya Nagata
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takagi
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
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32
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Kou B, Guo X, Xiao SJ, Liang X. Highly efficient room-temperature photoresponsive DNA tethering azobenzene through backbone-inserted glycerol via ether bond. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:3939-3943. [PMID: 23813916 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, PR China
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33
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Uchida E, Sakaki K, Nakamura Y, Azumi R, Hirai Y, Akiyama H, Yoshida M, Norikane Y. Control of the Orientation and Photoinduced Phase Transitions of Macrocyclic Azobenzene. Chemistry 2013; 19:17391-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Uchida
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Kouji Sakaki
- Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Yumiko Nakamura
- Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Reiko Azumi
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Yuki Hirai
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Haruhisa Akiyama
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Nanosystem Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8565 (Japan)
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34
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Li Y, Xue C, Wang M, Urbas A, Li Q. Photodynamic chiral molecular switches with thermal stability: from reflection wavelength tuning to handedness inversion of self-organized helical superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13703-7. [PMID: 24150899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A good turn: Three compounds that bear two axially chiral bridged binaphthyl units were developed as photodynamic chiral dopants for nematic liquid crystals. For compounds with suitable bridge lengths, a change in the dihedral angle induced a switch of the binaphthyl units from the cisoid to the transoid form upon UV irradiation, which led to an inversion of the handedness of the helices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannian Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 (USA)
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35
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Li Y, Xue C, Wang M, Urbas A, Li Q. Photodynamic Chiral Molecular Switches with Thermal Stability: From Reflection Wavelength Tuning to Handedness Inversion of Self-Organized Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Li Y, Wang M, White TJ, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Azoarenes with Opposite Chiral Configurations: Light-Driven Reversible Handedness Inversion in Self-Organized Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8925-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Li Y, Wang M, White TJ, Bunning TJ, Li Q. Azoarenes with Opposite Chiral Configurations: Light-Driven Reversible Handedness Inversion in Self-Organized Helical Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Ma L, Jin R, Bian Z, Kang C, Chen Y, Xu J, Gao L. Donor-Induced Helical Inversion of 1,1′-Binaphthyl Connecting with Two Molybdenum Complexes. Chemistry 2012; 18:13168-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Thomas R, Yoshida Y, Akasaka T, Tamaoki N. Influence of a Change in Helical Twisting Power of Photoresponsive Chiral Dopants on Rotational Manipulation of Micro-Objects on the Surface of Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystalline Films. Chemistry 2012; 18:12337-48. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Li Y, Li Q. Photochemically Reversible and Thermally Stable Axially Chiral Diarylethene Switches. Org Lett 2012; 14:4362-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3018165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannian Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, United States
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41
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Yang W, Li Y, Zhang J, Chen N, Chen S, Liu H, Li Y. A controllable chiral molecular machine: movement on molecular level. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:2602-2607. [PMID: 22674787 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With the view to develop new chiral molecular switches, a new pH-controlled bistable chiral [3]rotaxane with a binaphthalene as chiral moiety is synthesized and characterized. The movement of the macrocycle DB24C8 along the thread tunes the dihedral angle between the two naphthalene rings and supplies tunable circular dichroism output signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Li Y, Urbas A, Li Q. Reversible Light-Directed Red, Green, and Blue Reflection with Thermal Stability Enabled by a Self-Organized Helical Superstructure. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9573-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302772z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannian Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Augustine Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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43
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Wang Y, Li Q. Light-driven chiral molecular switches or motors in liquid crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:1926-45. [PMID: 22411073 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tune molecular self-organization with an external stimulus is a main driving force in the bottom-up nanofabrication of molecular devices. Light-driven chiral molecular switches or motors in liquid crystals that are capable of self-organizing into optically tunable helical superstructures undoubtedly represent a striking example, owing to their unique property of selective light reflection and which may lead to applications in the future. In this review, we focus on different classes of light-driven chiral molecular switches or motors in liquid crystal media for the induction and manipulation of photoresponsive cholesteric liquid crystal systems and their consequent applications. Moreover, the change of helical twisting powers of chiral dopants and their capability of helix inversion in the induced cholesteric phases are highlighted and discussed in the light of their molecular geometric changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics, Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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Hayasaka H, Miyashita T, Nakayama M, Kuwada K, Akagi K. Dynamic Photoswitching of Helical Inversion in Liquid Crystals Containing Photoresponsive Axially Chiral Dopants. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:3758-65. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2088053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hayasaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Miyashita
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakayama
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuwada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Akagi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Wang Y, Urbas A, Li Q. Reversible Visible-Light Tuning of Self-Organized Helical Superstructures Enabled by Unprecedented Light-Driven Axially Chiral Molecular Switches. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:3342-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja211837f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Augustine Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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46
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Wu YL, Ferroni F, Pieraccini S, Schweizer WB, Frank BB, Spada GP, Diederich F. 1,2-Di(phenylethynyl)ethenes with axially chiral, 2,2′-bridged 1,1′-binaphthyl substituents: potent cholesteric liquid-crystal inducers. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8016-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25983d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Katsonis N, Lacaze E, Ferrarini A. Controlling chirality with helix inversion in cholesteric liquid crystals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm15962g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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48
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Li Q, Li Y, Ma J, Yang DK, White TJ, Bunning TJ. Directing dynamic control of red, green, and blue reflection enabled by a light-driven self-organized helical superstructure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:5069-5073. [PMID: 21997861 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
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Li Y, Urbas A, Li Q. Synthesis and Characterization of Light-Driven Dithienylcyclopentene Switches with Axial Chirality. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7148-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201139t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannian Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Augustine Urbas
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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50
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Zhao R, Tan C, Xie Y, Gao C, Liu H, Jiang Y. One step synthesis of azo compounds from nitroaromatics and anilines. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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