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Luciferase-induced photoreductive uncaging of small-molecule effectors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3539. [PMID: 30166547 PMCID: PMC6117273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is extensively used to study dynamic systems and has been utilized in sensors for studying protein proximity, metabolites, and drug concentrations. Herein, we demonstrate that BRET can activate a ruthenium-based photocatalyst which performs bioorthogonal reactions. BRET from luciferase to the ruthenium photocatalyst is used to uncage effector molecules with up to 64 turnovers of the catalyst, achieving concentrations >0.6 μM effector with 10 nM luciferase construct. Using a BRET sensor, we further demonstrate that the catalysis can be modulated in response to an analyte, analogous to allosterically controlled enzymes. The BRET-induced reaction is used to uncage small-molecule drugs (ibrutinib and duocarmycin) at biologically effective concentrations in cellulo. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) has been mostly employed in imaging applications. Here the authors use BRET to activate a ruthenium-based photocatalyst and perform a bioorthogonal chemical reaction, which can be used to uncage small molecule drugs in a cellular context.
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Kolodych S, Michel C, Delacroix S, Koniev O, Ehkirch A, Eberova J, Cianférani S, Renoux B, Krezel W, Poinot P, Muller CD, Papot S, Wagner A. Development and evaluation of β-galactosidase-sensitive antibody-drug conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:376-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Zhang X, Li X, You Q, Zhang X. Prodrug strategy for cancer cell-specific targeting: A recent overview. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:542-563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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4
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Twum EA, Nathubhai A, Wood PJ, Lloyd MD, Thompson AS, Threadgill MD. Initial development of a cytotoxic amino-seco-CBI warhead for delivery by prodrug systems. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3481-9. [PMID: 25963825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopropabenzaindoles (CBIs) are exquisitely potent cytotoxins which bind and alkylate in the minor groove of DNA. They are not selective for cancer cells, so prodrugs are required. CBIs can be formed at physiological pH by Winstein cyclisation of 1-chloromethyl-3-substituted-5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[e]indoles (5-OH-seco-CBIs). Corresponding 5-NH2-seco-CBIs should also undergo Winstein cyclisation similarly. A key triply orthogonally protected intermediate on the route to 5-NH2-seco-CBIs has been synthesised, via selective monotrifluoroacetylation of naphthalene-1,3-diamine, Boc protection, electrophilic iodination, selective allylation at the trifluoroacetamide and 5-exo radical ring-closure with TEMPO. This intermediate has potential for introduction of peptide prodrug masking units (deactivating the Winstein cyclisation and cytotoxicity), addition of diverse indole-amide side-chains (enhancing non-covalent binding prior to alkylation) and use of different leaving groups (replacing the usual chlorine, allowing tuning of the rate of Winstein cyclisation). This key intermediate was elaborated into a simple model 5-NH2-seco-CBI with a dimethylaminoethoxyindole side-chain. Conversion to a bio-reactive entity and the bioactivity of this system were confirmed through DNA-melting studies (ΔTm=13°C) and cytotoxicity against LNCaP human prostate cancer cells (IC50=18nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis A Twum
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Amit Nathubhai
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Pauline J Wood
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Matthew D Lloyd
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Andrew S Thompson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Michael D Threadgill
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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Chen KC, Schmuck K, Tietze LF, Roffler SR. Selective cancer therapy by extracellular activation of a highly potent glycosidic duocarmycin analogue. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1773-82. [PMID: 23448264 DOI: 10.1021/mp300581u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conventional cancer chemotherapy is limited by systemic toxicity and poor selectivity. Tumor-selective activation of glucuronide prodrugs by beta-glucuronidase in the tumor microenvironment in a monotherapeutic approach is one promising way to increase cancer selectivity. Here we examined the cellular requirement for enzymatic activation as well as the in vivo toxicity and antitumor activity of a glucuronide prodrug of a potent duocarmycin analogue that is active at low picomolar concentrations. Prodrug activation by intracellular and extracellular beta-glucuronidase was investigated by measuring prodrug 2 cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines that displayed different endogenous levels of beta-glucuronidase, as well as against beta-glucuronidase-deficient fibroblasts and newly established beta-glucuronidase knockdown cancer lines. In all cases, glucuronide prodrug 2 was 1000-5000 times less cytotoxic than the parent duocarmycin analogue regardless of intracellular levels of beta-glucuronidase. By contrast, cancer cells that displayed tethered beta-glucuronidase on their plasma membrane were 80-fold more sensitive to glucuronide prodrug 2, demonstrating that prodrug activation depended primarily on extracellular rather than intracellular beta-glucuronidase activity. Glucuronide prodrug 2 (2.5 mg/kg) displayed greater antitumor activity and less systemic toxicity in vivo than the clinically used drug carboplatin (50 mg/kg) to mice bearing human lung cancer xenografts. Intratumoral injection of an adenoviral vector expressing membrane-tethered beta-glucuronidase dramatically enhanced the in vivo antitumor activity of prodrug 2. Our data provide evidence that increasing extracellular beta-glucuronidase activity in the tumor microenvironment can boost the therapeutic index of a highly potent glucuronide prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Perrier A, Ferreira M, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI. Regioselective Pd-catalyzed hydroamination of substituted dienes. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Twum EA, Woodman TJ, Wang W, Threadgill MD. Observation by NMR of cationic Wheland-like intermediates in the deiodination of protected 1-iodonaphthalene-2,4-diamines in acidic media. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6208-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41386a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tietze LF, Behrendt F, Pestel GF, Schuberth I, Mitkovski M. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and live cell imaging of novel fluorescent duocarmycin analogs. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:2559-70. [PMID: 23161634 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For a better understanding of the mode of action of duocarmycin and its analogs, the novel fluorescent duocarmycin derivatives 13-15 and 17b-19b were synthesized, and their bioactivity as well as their cellular uptake investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in live-cell imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Legigan T, Clarhaut J, Tranoy-Opalinski I, Monvoisin A, Renoux B, Thomas M, Le Pape A, Lerondel S, Papot S. The First Generation of β-Galactosidase-Responsive Prodrugs Designed for the Selective Treatment of Solid Tumors in Prodrug Monotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11606-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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The First Generation of β-Galactosidase-Responsive Prodrugs Designed for the Selective Treatment of Solid Tumors in Prodrug Monotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Thomas M, Clarhaut J, Strale PO, Tranoy-Opalinski I, Roche J, Papot S. A Galactosidase-Responsive “Trojan Horse” for the Selective Targeting of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumor Cells. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1006-10. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tietze LF, von Hof JM, Müller M, Krewer B, Schuberth I. Glycosidic prodrugs of highly potent bifunctional duocarmycin derivatives for selective treatment of cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 49:7336-9. [PMID: 20799305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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13
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Tietze LF, Behrendt F, Major F, Krewer B, von Hof JM. Synthesis of Fluorescence-Labelled Glycosidic Prodrugs Based on the Cytotoxic Antibiotic Duocarmycin. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Tietze LF, Schuster HJ, von Hof JM, Hampel SM, Colunga JF, John M. Atropisomerism of Aromatic Carbamates. Chemistry 2010; 16:12678-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F. Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Heiko J. Schuster
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - J. Marian von Hof
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Sonja M. Hampel
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Juan F. Colunga
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐399476
| | - Michael John
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551‐393373
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Tietze LF, von Hof JM, Müller M, Krewer B, Schuberth I. Glycosidische Prodrugs hochpotenter difunktioneller Duocarmycin-Derivate für eine selektive Tumortherapie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Ducry L, Stump B. Antibody-drug conjugates: linking cytotoxic payloads to monoclonal antibodies. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:5-13. [PMID: 19769391 DOI: 10.1021/bc9002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the specificity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with the potency of cytotoxic molecules, thereby taking advantage of the best characteristics of both components. Along with the development of the mAbs and cytotoxins, the design of chemical linkers to covalently bind these building blocks is making rapid progress but remains challenging. Recent advances have resulted in linkers having increased stability in the bloodstream while allowing efficient payload release within the tumor cell.
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17
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Tietze LF, Krewer B, Major F, Schuberth I. CD-spectroscopy as a powerful tool for investigating the mode of action of unmodified drugs in live cells. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:13031-6. [PMID: 19697908 DOI: 10.1021/ja902767f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a well-known method for the analysis of chiral chemical compounds and is often used for studying the structure and interaction of proteins, DNA and bioactive compounds in solution. Here we demonstrate that CD spectroscopy is also a powerful tool for investigating the cellular uptake and mode of action of drugs in live cells. By means of CD spectroscopy, we identified DNA as the cellular target of several novel anticancer agents based on the highly cytotoxic natural antibiotic CC-1065. Furthermore, time-dependent changes in the CD spectra of drug-treated cells enabled us to rationalize differences in drug cytotoxicity. The anticancer agents rapidly penetrate the cell membrane and bind to cellular DNA as their intracellular target. Thereby, the formation of a reversible noncovalent complex with the DNA is followed by a covalent binding of the drugs to the DNA and the more toxic compounds show a higher stability and a lower alkylation rate. Since no drug manipulation is necessary for this kind of investigation and achiral compounds bound to chiral biomolecules may also show induced CD signals, CD spectroscopy of live cells is not limited to the study of analogues of CC-1065. Thus, it constitutes a general approach for studying the mode of action of bioactive compounds on the cellular and molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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18
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Schuster HJ, Krewer B, von Hof JM, Schmuck K, Schuberth I, Alves F, Tietze LF. Synthesis of the first spacer containing prodrug of a duocarmycin analogue and determination of its biological activity. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1833-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b925070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Determination of the biological activity and structure activity relationships of drugs based on the highly cytotoxic duocarmycins and CC-1065. Toxins (Basel) 2009; 1:134-50. [PMID: 22069536 PMCID: PMC3202783 DOI: 10.3390/toxins1020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 11/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural antibiotics CC‑1065 and the duocarmycins are highly cytotoxic compounds which however are not suitable for cancer therapy due to their general toxicity. We have developed glycosidic prodrugs of seco-analogues of these antibiotics for a selective cancer therapy using conjugates of glycohydrolases and tumour-selective monoclonal antibodies for the liberation of the drugs from the prodrugs predominantly at the tumour site. For the determination of structure activity relationships of the different seco-drugs, experiments addressing their interaction with synthetic DNA were performed. Using electrospray mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography, the experiments revealed a correlation of the stability of these drugs with their cytotoxicity in cell culture investigations. Furthermore, it was shown that the drugs bind to AT-rich regions of double-stranded DNA and the more cytotoxic drugs induce DNA fragmentation at room temperature in several of the selected DNA double-strands. Finally, an explanation for the very high cytotoxicity of CC-1065, the duocarmycins and analogous drugs is given.
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Tercel M, Atwell GJ, Yang S, Stevenson RJ, Botting KJ, Boyd M, Smith E, Anderson RF, Denny WA, Wilson WR, Pruijn FB. Hypoxia-Activated Prodrugs: Substituent Effects on the Properties of Nitro seco-1,2,9,9a-Tetrahydrocyclopropa[c]benz[e]indol-4-one (nitroCBI) Prodrugs of DNA Minor Groove Alkylating Agents. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7258-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901202b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moana Tercel
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Graham J. Atwell
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shangjin Yang
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ralph J. Stevenson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - K. Jane Botting
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Maruta Boyd
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Eileen Smith
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Robert F. Anderson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - William A. Denny
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - William R. Wilson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Frederik B. Pruijn
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Tietze LF, Krewer B. Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy: A Promising Approach for a Selective Treatment of Cancer Based on Prodrugs and Monoclonal Antibodies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 74:205-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00856.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tietze LF, Krewer B, Frauendorf H. Investigation of the transformations of a novel anti-cancer agent combining HPLC, HPLC-MS and direct ESI-HRMS analyses. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:437-48. [PMID: 19641906 PMCID: PMC2727581 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the main problems of anti-cancer therapy is an insufficient differentiation between normal and malignant cells by the known anti-proliferant agents. The antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a promising approach for a selective treatment of cancer, in which a non-toxic prodrug is enzymatically converted into a highly cytotoxic drug at the surface of malignant cells by a targeted antibody-enzyme conjugate. The transformations and the stability of a very promising novel prodrug and its corresponding cytotoxic derivative were now investigated in detail by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS). In order to determine the time-dependent DNA alkylation efficiency and the sequence selectivity of the novel compounds, DNA binding studies using direct electrospray-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-MS (ESI-FTICR-MS) have been performed. These measurements were accompanied by HPLC analyses followed by MS of the separated species to confirm the results of the direct ESI-FTICR-MS measurements. The sites of DNA alkylation could be identified unambiguously by the mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern of the alkylated oligodeoxynucleotides as well as by the results of HPLC followed by MS. A combination of all techniques applied led to a better understanding of the mode of action of the new therapeutics and might be used for an estimation of the cytotoxicity of different prodrugs and drugs since the alkylation efficiency correlates with the bioactivity of the compounds in cell culture investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Bruhn T, Maksimenka K, Hemberger Y. The Assignment of Absolute Stereostructures through Quantum Chemical Circular Dichroism Calculations. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐931‐888‐4755
| | - Torsten Bruhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐931‐888‐4755
| | - Katja Maksimenka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐931‐888‐4755
| | - Yasmin Hemberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, Fax: +49‐931‐888‐4755
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Tietze LF, von Hof JM, Krewer B, Müller M, Major F, Schuster HJ, Schuberth I, Alves F. Asymmetric synthesis and biological evaluation of glycosidic prodrugs for a selective cancer therapy. ChemMedChem 2009; 3:1946-55. [PMID: 19021160 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A severe limitation in cancer therapy is the often insufficient differentiation between malign and benign tissue using known chemotherapeutics. One approach to decrease side effects is antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT). We have developed new glycosidic prodrugs such as (-)-(1S)-26 b based on the antibiotic (+)-duocarmycin SA ((+)-1) with a QIC(50) value of 3500 (QIC(50)=IC(50) of prodrug/IC(50) of prodrug+enzyme) and an IC(50) value for the corresponding drug (prodrug+enzyme) of 16 pM. The asymmetric synthesis of the precursor (-)-(1S)-19 was performed by arylation of the enantiomerically pure epoxide (+)-(S)-29 (> or = 98 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Tietze LF, Krewe B, Frauendorf H. Probing the mechanism of action of potential anticancer agents at a molecular level using electrospray ionisation Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2009; 15:661-672. [PMID: 19679946 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Treating cancer without harming healthy tissue is an important goal in modern medicine. Our research group has developed a series of novel, relatively non-toxic glycosidic prodrugs that are activated to give the corresponding highly cytotoxic drugs selectively in the tumour tissue. Our first investigations have shown a high duplex DNA alkylation efficiency of the drugs, whereas the prodrugs showed almost no tendency for alkylation of duplex DNA. Herein we report on novel investigations of the mode of action of the anti-cancer drugs on a molecular level. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we determined the reactivity of these drugs as well as of other drugs of similar structure against different nucleophiles such as RNA and the tripeptide glutathione. In addition, the new drugs were also tested for their interaction with duplex DNA. All compounds show a high reactivity against duplex DNA, whereas the alkylation efficiency regarding RNA and glutathione is only poor. Furthermore, the alkylation of duplex DNA correlates qualitatively but not quantitatively with the cytotoxicity of the drugs. Consequently, other factors besides the alkylation efficiency such as the stability of the drugs seem to influence their biological activity. Altogether the results show that high-resolution mass spectrometry constitutes a powerful method for studying the mode of action of drugs on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Tietze LF, Schuster HJ, Krewer B, Schuberth I. Synthesis and Biological Studies of Different Duocarmycin Based Glycosidic Prodrugs for Their Use in the Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy. J Med Chem 2008; 52:537-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8009102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F. Tietze
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heiko J. Schuster
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Krewer
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Schuberth
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Tietze LF, Schuster HJ, Schmuck K, Schuberth I, Alves F. Duocarmycin-based prodrugs for cancer prodrug monotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6312-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel pentagastrin-toxin conjugate designed for a targeted prodrug mono-therapy of cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2008; 9:821-837. [PMID: 19325786 PMCID: PMC2635707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms9050821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel carbamate prodrug 2 containing a pentagastrin moiety was synthesized. 2 was designed as a detoxified analogue of the highly cytotoxic natural antibiotic duocarmycin SA (1) for the use in a targeted prodrug monotherapy of cancers expressing cholecystokinin (CCK-B)/gastrin receptors. The synthesis of prodrug 2 was performed using a palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of bromide 6, followed by a radical cyclisation to give the pharmacophoric unit 10, coupling of 10 to the DNA-binding subunit 15 and transformation of the resulting seco-drug 3b into the carbamate 2 via addition of a pentagastrin moiety.
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Tietze L, Panknin O, Major F, Krewer B. Synthesis of a Novel Pentagastrin-Drug Conjugate for a Targeted Tumor Therapy. Chemistry 2008; 14:2811-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tietze L, Schuster H, Hampel S, Rühl S, Pfoh R. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Duocarmycine-Based Prodrugs for a Selective Treatment of Cancer by Epoxide Opening. Chemistry 2008; 14:895-901. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Suresh D, Balakrishna MS, Rathinasamy K, Panda D, Mague JT. Large-bite bis(phosphite) ligand containing mesocyclic thioether moieties: synthesis, reactivity, group 11 (CuI, AuI) metal complexes and anticancer activity studies on a human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line. Dalton Trans 2008:2285-92. [DOI: 10.1039/b719904j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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